CN106811217A - A kind of biomass gasification equipment and gasification of biomass technique - Google Patents

A kind of biomass gasification equipment and gasification of biomass technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106811217A
CN106811217A CN201510848918.6A CN201510848918A CN106811217A CN 106811217 A CN106811217 A CN 106811217A CN 201510848918 A CN201510848918 A CN 201510848918A CN 106811217 A CN106811217 A CN 106811217A
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gas
section
roller
gasification
biomass
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CN106811217B (en
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姜良政
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Hunan Ding Jiu Energy Environment Technology Co Ltd
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Hunan Ding Jiu Energy Environment Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/34—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by catalytic conversion of impurities to more readily removable materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of biomass gasification equipment, including swing type rotary furnace, swing type rotary furnace includes roller, and the discharge end of the feed end higher than roller of roller is followed successively by dryer section, retort section, gasification section, catalytic pyrolysis section and gas-solid segregation section in roller by feed end to discharge end；Dividing plate is provided between gas solid separation section and catalytic pyrolysis section, dividing plate offers opening；The gas phase zone of gas solid separation section is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet；Drive device, for driving roller around the pivot center reciprocally swinging of rotary furnace；Support meanss, for rotational support roller around the rotary furnace pivot center reciprocally swinging；Control device, is connected with drive device by wire, for controlling drive device to act.The pyrolytic gasification of biomass material and the catalytic pyrolysis of tar can be integrally completed in roller, so as to be simply and effectively reduced the content of tar in pyrolysis gas of biomass.Disclosed herein as well is a kind of gasification of biomass technique.

Description

A kind of biomass gasification equipment and gasification of biomass technique
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of chemical, more particularly to a kind of biomass gasification equipment.Further relate to A kind of gasification of biomass technique.
Background technology
Biomass energy is the form of energy that solar energy is stored in biomass in chemical energy form, i.e., with biology Matter is the energy of carrier, and it directly or indirectly from the photosynthesis of green plants, can be exchanged into routine Solid, liquid, gas state fuel, it is inexhaustible, be a kind of regenerative resource.At present, it is biological The research and development of mass-energy technology have turned into one of great heat subject in the world, how to make full use of biomass The energy, studies biomass energy conversion technology, and exploitation novel biomass energy processing conversion equipment seems outstanding For urgent.
Gasification of biomass is the key technology of biomass utilization, and current existing biomass gasification equipment is Completed in rotary furnace, rotary furnace is generally made up of roller, burner and stove tail, wherein, burner and stove tail Immovably sealing ring does static and dynamic sealing around roller two ends are connected to the two ends of roller, and roller passes through External driver device is continuously rotated.Due to inevitably producing tar in biomass gasification process, The presence of tar has various adverse effects：1st, tar accounts for combustible gas energy 5%~10%, at low temperature It is difficult to be utilized together with combustible gas, wastes big energy.2nd, in gas cleaning process, generation containing tar Waste water severe contamination environment.3rd, tar is condensed into glutinous thick liquid at low temperature, easy and water, carbon granule powder Dirt etc. is combined together, and blocks pipeline, blocks valve and fan rotor, etching apparatus.4th, internal combustion engine etc. Combustion gas has strict requirements using equipment to the tar content of combustion gas so that gas-purification goes setting for tar removing It is standby to complicate.In order to reduce the content of tar in pyrolysis gas of biomass, most effective way is that tar is entered The treatment of row catalytic pyrolysis, is translated into combustion gas.
But, the removal of tar is the maximum bottleneck of biomass gasification technology, existing revolution in combustible gas Stove can only carry out the pyrolytic gasification treatment of biomass, and after tar can only take out from rotary furnace, special Catalytic cracking of tar equipment in carry out, because catalytic temperature requirement is high (generally at 750~900 DEG C), heat After venting one's spleen from rotary furnace out, temperature is reduced to 300~600 DEG C, when catalytic cracking of tar equipment is entered Reheating is needed, while catalyst has short life, catalyst regeneration process is complicated, it is impossible to It is simply and effectively reduced the content of tar in pyrolysis gas of biomass.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of biomass gasification equipment, with the device Biomass pyrogenation gasification, catalytic cracking of tar technique are realized in integration, reduce the tar content in pyrolysis gas.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of biomass gasification equipment, including rotary furnace, the rotary furnace are swing type rotary furnace, described Swing type rotary furnace includes：
Roller, the feed end of the roller higher than the roller discharge end, in the roller by it is described enter Material end to the discharge end is followed successively by dryer section, retort section, gasification section, catalytic pyrolysis section and gas solid separation Section, dividing plate is provided between the catalytic pyrolysis section and gas-solid segregation section, and the dividing plate is near the rolling The position of the solid phase area of cylinder is provided with opening；Pyrolysis is provided with the gas phase zone barrel of the gas solid separation section Gas is exported；
Drive device, is arranged at the outside of the roller, for driving the roller to be returned around the swing type The pivot center reciprocally swinging of converter；
Support meanss, are arranged at the outside of the roller, for roller described in rotational support around the revolution The pivot center reciprocally swinging of stove；
Oscillating control device, is connected with the drive device by wire, for controlling the drive device Action, controls the radian and frequency of the reciprocally swinging of the roller.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the gasification section and the catalytic pyrolysis Duan Jun Be provided with temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor and the swing type rotary furnace detection control apparatus Connected by wire.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, set in the gasification section and/or the retort section Electric heater is equipped with, the electric heater is connected with the detection control apparatus wire..
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the electricity is provided with the catalytic pyrolysis section Heater.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the electric heater be strip heater, One kind or multiple combinations in microwave applicator, electromagnetic heater or plasma heater.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the electricity being arranged in the catalytic pyrolysis section adds Hot device is the microwave applicator；The microwave applicator is fixed on the catalysis and splits by metal waveguide pipe The barrel outside of section is solved, the metal waveguide pipe is connected with the drums inside.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, cut-off is additionally provided with the metal waveguide pipe The high temperature resistant wave-permeable layer of the metal waveguide pipe.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, gas solid separation section and discharging in the roller Cooling section is additionally provided between end, the dividing plate is provided between the cooling section and gas solid separation section, Cooling jacket is provided with outside the barrel of the cooling section, cooling is offered on the outer wall of the cooling jacket and is situated between Matter import and cooling medium are exported.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, also include：
The gas access on the solid phase area barrel of the gasification section is arranged on, for leading to in the gasification section Enter oxygen-containing gas；
It is arranged at the gas distribution tube in the solid phase area of the gasification section, the gas distribution tube and the gas Body entrance is connected, and multiple ventholes is offered along its axis on the tube wall of the gas distribution tube, positioned at institute The venthole of gas distribution tube in solid phase area towards the inwall of the roller is stated, and positioned at the solid phase area The venthole both sides of interior gas distribution tube are additionally provided with the gear with the radial direction cross section perpendicular of the gas distribution tube Plate, for preventing material from entering the venthole.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, also including being arranged at the gas access Valve；The valve is manually-operated gate and/or automatic valve, and the aperture of the automatic valve is by the detection Control device is controlled.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the cooling medium in the cooling jacket is gas Body, and the cooling medium outlet connected with the gas access on the gasification section barrel.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, also including being arranged at the dryer section and described Heating jacket outside retort section barrel, is set on the heating jacket outer wall near the position of the gasification section There is pyrolysis gas import, the position of the feed end is provided with pyrolysis gas row on the heating jacket outer wall Pyrolysis gas on outlet, pyrolysis gas outlet on gas solid separation section barrel and the heating jacket outer wall Inlet communication.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, also include：
Combined type purification and condensation device, movable conduit tube component is passed through with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the heating jacket Connection, gas outlet, condensation-water drain and tar outlet are provided with the combined type purification and condensation device；
Combustion gas blower fan, its import is connected with the gas outlet of the combined type purification and condensation device.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, also including going out with the swing type rotary furnace The charcoal cooler of material device connection, sets spray equipment and drain hole in the charcoal cooler.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the spray equipment of the charcoal cooler with it is described The condensation-water drain of combined type purification and condensation device is connected by condensate pump, and is set on the charcoal cooler There is steam (vapor) outlet；
Steam inlet, the steaming are further opened with the barrel of the dryer section and/or retort section and/or gasification section Vapor inlet passes through movable conduit tube component and is connected with the steam (vapor) outlet of the charcoal cooler.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the dryer section and/or the retort section and/ Or tar entrance, the tar outlet of the combined type purification and condensation device are offered on the barrel of the gasification section Connected with the tar entrance by condensing oil pump and movable conduit tube component.
Preferably, it is the dryer section, the retort section, described in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment The dividing plate is provided between gasification section and catalytic pyrolysis section.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, in the dryer section and the retort section respectively At least provided with a dividing plate.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the catalytic pyrolysis section is provided with material rotating plate.
Preferably, it is the dryer section, the retort section, described in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment Gasification section and/or the cooling section are provided with the material rotating plate.
Preferably, it is the dryer section, the retort section, described in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment Gasification section, catalytic pyrolysis section and/or the cooling section are provided with movable chain.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the also pressure including being arranged on the roller Sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with the detection control apparatus wire of swing type rotary furnace.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, also including being arranged at the gas phase of the dryer section Steam export mouth on area's barrel, the steam export mouth passes through movable conduit tube component and connects with steam condenser Logical, the outlet of the steam condenser is connected with air-introduced machine.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, also include：
It is arranged at the TEMP on the jet chimney of the steam export mouth or the connection steam export mouth Device, the temperature for detecting the gas by the steam export mouth；
The regulating valve on the jet chimney or at the import of the air-introduced machine is arranged at, for adjusting from institute State the gas flow of steam export mouth process.
Preferably, in above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment, the air-introduced machine is frequency converting induced draft fan, is used for Adjust the gas flow passed through from the steam export mouth；Also include being arranged at the steam export mouth or company The temperature sensor on the jet chimney of the steam export mouth is connect, is derived by the steam for detecting The temperature of the gas of mouth.
Present invention also offers a kind of gasification of biomass technique, comprise the following steps：
S01, material are dried successively, destructive distillation, and pyrolytic reaction occurs, and pyrolysis gas are obtained, in pyrolysis gas Containing bio-oil, water vapour and combustion gas, material is warming up to 400~500 DEG C；
There is oxidation reaction in S02, partial material and oxygen-containing gas, release big calorimetric, rise to reaction temperature 600~900 DEG C, at such a temperature gasification reaction generation combustion gas and charcoal, most of institute in part to material there is State the bio-oil produced in step S01 and cracking reaction generation combustion gas occurs at such a temperature；
Most of bio-oil in S03, pyrolysis gas is cracked at 800~1000 DEG C by catalyst, raw Into combustion gas；
S04, charcoal is separated with pyrolysis gas.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, also including step S05, by oxygen-containing gaseous state it is situated between Isolated charcoal in the step S04 of verifying carries out partition cooling, and the oxygen-containing gaseous medium is by institute State the oxidation reaction of the partial material participated in after charcoal is heated in the step S02.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, the step S05 is also included the step S04 In isolated high temperature pyrolysis gas be used to carry out partition heating to the material in the step S01, to material It is dried and destructive distillation.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, also including step S06, to the step S05 The middle pyrolysis gas for completing partition heating carry out condensation cleaning, and the bio-oil of isolated liquid, condensation are black Water and clean combustion gas.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, also including step S07, by the step S06 The condensation Heisui River that middle condensation separation is obtained to the step S05 in by oxygen-containing gaseous medium partition cool down High-temperature biological charcoal carry out spraying cooling, generate water vapour, the water vapour is participated in the high-temperature water gas of charcoal The bio-oil catalytic cracking reaction of gasification reaction and the step S02 and the step S03；Or by institute State the condensation Heisui River that condensation separation in step S06 obtains carries out deep processing as primary product.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, also including step S08, by the step S06 The catalytic pyrolysis that the bio-oil that middle condensation separation is obtained is participated in the step S02 and step S03 is anti- Should, generate combustion gas；Or the bio-oil for obtaining condensation separation in the step S06 is used as the raw material of industry Carry out deep processing.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, to the material reaction temperature in the step S02 Detected, the temperature control according to detection occurs the amount of the oxygen-containing gas of oxidation reaction with material, to control Gasification reaction temperature processed.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, when the temperature of charge in the step S02 is too low, When biomass are difficult to react with oxygen-containing gas, material is heated by electrically heated mode, work as material It is heated to biomass self-ignition temperature and oxidation reaction occurs with oxygen-containing gas, when temperature is further improved, stops Only electrical heating.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, the material in the step S01 completes drying Also include step S011 afterwards and before destructive distillation：The water vapour produced during by dry materials is from drying process Pull out in advance and, reduce the water vapour amount for entering subsequent technique.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, water vapour in the step S011 it is advance Detaching operation is：The temperature that the gas for coming is pulled out from drying process is detected, the temperature according to gas judges Whether comprising the carbonizing gas produced in distillation process in gas, by control pull out come gas stream Amount, reduces the amount that (or avoiding) pulls out the carbonizing gas for coming with the steam in drying process.
Preferably, in above-mentioned gasification of biomass technique, detected from drying process in the step S011 The temperature for pulling out the gas for coming is set in 100~130 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
In the biomass gasification equipment that the present invention is provided, returned using the swing type around pivot center reciprocating rotation Converter, the feed end of the roller of swing type rotary furnace is higher than discharge end, roller by feed end to discharge end according to Secondary is dryer section, retort section, gasification section, catalytic pyrolysis section and gas-solid segregation section, is respectively provided between each section Have a dividing plate, the lower partition opening, during work, after material enters in roller, due to swing type rotary furnace around Pivot center reciprocally swinging, and the feed end of roller is higher than discharge end, therefore, material is in roller along it Zag trajectory sequentially passes through dryer section, retort section, gasification section, catalytic pyrolysis section and gas-solid segregation section, The pyrolytic gasification of biomass material and the catalytic pyrolysis of tar can be integrally completed in roller, it is not necessary to by heat Vent one's spleen discharge cylindrical outer, processed by special catalytic cracking of tar equipment, therefore, there is no need to The reheating of complexity is carried out, so as to be simply and effectively reduced the content of tar in pyrolysis gas of biomass. As a result of before without swing type rotary furnace, swing type rotary furnace only it is past in the range of certain radian Physical pendulum is moved, and is continuously rotated rather than along single direction, therefore, it is only possible on roller directly set temperature Sensor and electric heater, and be connected with control device by wire, complete the inspection to the temperature in roller Survey and control, the reaction controlling of each technique in roller is more beneficial for, so as to complete thing within one device Multiple techniques such as material pyrolytic gasification, catalytic cracking of tar.
In the gasification of biomass technique that the present invention is provided, biomass pyrolytic and biomass can be continuously completed Oily catalytic pyrolysis, simplifies technique, can utilize the heat of the pyrolysis gas and charcoal in technique, improves The thermal efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to reality The accompanying drawing to be used needed for example or description of the prior art is applied to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, below Accompanying drawing in description is only embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, not On the premise of paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to the accompanying drawing for providing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of biomass gasification equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another biomass gasification equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of concentric swing type rotary furnace of biomass gasification equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention Structural representation；
Fig. 4 is a kind of swing process schematic diagram of swing type rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of gas distribution tube for swinging rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of the dividing plate of swing type rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a kind of cross-sectional view of the material rotating plate of swing type rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is a kind of concentric drive device and support meanss for swinging rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention Structural representation；
Fig. 9 is that another drive device for swinging rotary furnace with one heart provided in an embodiment of the present invention and support are filled The structural representation put；
Figure 10 is a kind of outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder of biomass converting apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention Structural representation；
Figure 11 is the drive device and support meanss of a kind of eccentric swing rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention Structural representation；
Figure 12 is that the drive device of another eccentric swing rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention and support are filled The structural representation put；
Figure 13 is that the drive device of the third eccentric swing rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention and support are filled The structural representation put；
Figure 14 is that the drive device of the 4th kind of eccentric swing rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention and support are filled The structural representation put；
Figure 15 is eccentric swing rotary furnace in a kind of cylinder of biomass converting apparatus of offer of the present invention Structural representation；
Figure 16 is a kind of structure of the feed arrangement of the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram；
Figure 17 is a kind of structure of the drawing mechanism of the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram；
Figure 18 is the knot of the drawing mechanism of the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of another cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention Structure schematic diagram；
Figure 19 is the drawing mechanism of the third outer eccentric swing bias rotary furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention Structural representation；
Figure 20 is the drawing mechanism of the outer eccentric swing bias rotary furnace of the 4th kind of cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention Structural representation；
Figure 21 is a kind of installation of the microwave heating equipment of biomass converting apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention Structural representation.
In Fig. 1-Figure 21,1 is feed arrangement, 101 is the first push-pull valve, 102 is the second push-pull valve, 2 For roller, 201 be roller material outlet, 3 be backing ring, 4 be gear ring, 5 for movable conduit, 501 to be in charge of, 502 is swivel joint, 6 is drawing mechanism, 601 is external stability discharge nozzle, 602 is tremie pipe, 7 is to turn over Flitch, 8 be temperature sensor, 9 be electrical control cubicles, 10 be motor, 11 be driving gear, 12 be support roller, 13 is movable chain, 14 is dividing plate, 15 is balance, 16 is support roller, 17 is support frame, 18 For through type swivel joint, 19 be heating jacket, 191 be pyrolysis gas import, 192 be pyrolysis gas outlet, 20 is electric heater, 202 is high temperature resistant wave-permeable layer, 203 is metal waveguide pipe, 21 is pyrolysis gas outlet, 22 is charcoal cooler, 221 is steam (vapor) outlet, 23 is cooling jacket, 231 is that cooling medium is exported, 24 are Gas distribution tube, 241 be venthole, 25 be gas access, 26 be condensate pump, 27 for condensation oil pump, 28 is combustion gas blower fan, 29 is combined condensing clarifier, 30 is tar entrance, 31 is baffle plate, 32 is steaming Vapor inlet, 33 be steam condenser, 34 be regulating valve, 35 be air-introduced machine, 36 be steam export mouth, A Pivot center, the axis that B is roller for swing type rotary furnace.
Specific embodiment
Core of the invention there is provided a kind of biomass gasification equipment, can be integrated real in the device Existing biomass pyrogenation gasification, catalytic cracking of tar technique, reduce the tar content in pyrolysis gas.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, and It is not all, of embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing Go out the every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 9, Figure 15 are refer to, a kind of biogas are the embodiment of the invention provides Change equipment, including around the swing type rotary furnace of pivot center reciprocating rotation, swing type rotary furnace is divided into center Swing type rotary furnace and eccentric swinging type rotary furnace, eccentric swing rotary furnace can be divided into eccentric swing in cylinder again Rotary furnace and the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder；Fig. 3 is the structural representation for swinging rotary furnace with one heart, that is, turn round The pivot center A of stove overlaps with the axis B of roller 2；It is the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder, i.e. rotary furnace in Fig. 9 Pivot center A do not overlapped with the axis B of roller 2, and the pivot center A of rotary furnace is located at the outer of roller 2 Portion；Figure 15 is that the pivot center A of the structural representation of eccentric swing rotary furnace in cylinder, i.e. rotary furnace is located at rolling Inside cylinder 2, and the pivot center A of rotary furnace does not overlap with the axis B of roller 2.These three swing types are turned round Stove includes roller 2, drive device, support meanss, oscillating control device, feed arrangement 1 and discharging dress Put 6.
Wherein, the two ends of roller 2 are respectively feed end and discharge end, and the end face of feed end and discharge end is sealed Close, and feed end is higher than the discharge end of roller 2, it is preferable that the folder between the axis and horizontal plane of roller 2 Angle is 1 °~15 °.Material is set voluntarily can slowly to be slided from feed end to discharge end by deadweight in roller 2 It is dynamic, more facilitate discharging, and sliding speed is moderate, is defined by completing every technique.By feeding in roller 2 End to discharge end is followed successively by dryer section I, retort section II, gasification section III, catalytic pyrolysis section IV and gas-solid point From section V；Be provided with dividing plate 14 between each section, particularly catalytic pyrolysis section IV and gas-solid segregation section V it Between be necessarily provided with dividing plate 14, dividing plate 14 is provided with opening in the position of the solid phase area near roller 2；Gas-solid Pyrolysis gas outlet 21 is provided with the gas phase zone barrel of segregation section V.
Drive device is arranged at the outside of roller 2, for driving roller 2 around the rotary shaft of swing type rotary furnace Line A reciprocally swingings.
Support meanss are arranged at the outside of roller 2, for the turning around swing type rotary furnace of rotational support roller 2 Shaft line A reciprocally swingings.
Oscillating control device is arranged at the outside of roller 2, is connected by wire with drive device, for controlling Drive device is acted, by controlling the radian and frequency of drive device and then the control reciprocally swinging of roller 2, this In embodiment, the radian of the reciprocally swinging of roller 2 is preferably 60 °~360 °, more preferably 180 °~270 °.
The feed end of roller 2 is provided with charging aperture, and the axis of charging aperture overlaps with the pivot center A of rotary furnace, Feed arrangement 1 carries out rotary seal and connects with charging aperture, and sealing means can be close using packing seal, machinery The static and dynamic sealing modes such as envelope, feed arrangement 1 is maintained static, and roller 2 can be rotated relative to feed arrangement 1, both Between be static and dynamic sealing, less than the cross-sectional area of feed end, cross section is vertical for the cross-sectional area of charging aperture In the plane of the axis of roller 2, (i.e. roller 2 is rotated the transport axis of feed arrangement 1 relative to feed arrangement 1 Axis, namely charging aperture axis) overlapped with the pivot center A of rotary furnace.
Drawing mechanism 6 connects the discharge end for being arranged at roller 2, mutually rotates close with drawing mechanism 6 in rotary furnace It is roller material outlet 201 to seal the position for coordinating, and material discharges roller 2 or discharging from roller material outlet 201 Device 6, the cross-sectional area of the cross-sectional area less than discharge end of roller material outlet 201, roller material outlet 201 axis overlaps with the pivot center A of rotary furnace, and (i.e. roller material goes out the transport axis of drawing mechanism 6 The axis of mouth 201) overlapped with the pivot center A of rotary furnace.
The connected mode and burner of the prior art, stove tail ring of feed arrangement 1 and drawing mechanism 6 and roller 2 Connection is rotated around the open two ends excircle of roller 2 to compare, sealing surface reduces, and sealing is easy, can use general Logical seal is sealed, and is difficult to leak out, and improves the sealing property of equipment.
Above-mentioned biomass gasification equipment operationally, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, by feed arrangement 1 to roller Material is conveyed in 2, controls drive device to act by control device, drive device drives roller 2 toward physical pendulum Dynamic, under the angle of inclination effect of roller 2, and under the reciprocally swinging of roller 2, material is along zigzag rail Mark is gradually moved to discharge end, sequentially passes through dryer section I, retort section II, gasification section III, catalytic pyrolysis Section IV and gas-solid segregation section V, wherein, roller 2 is heated by electric heater 20, it is introduced into roller To dryer section I, retort section II, the material subsequently come in exists the pyrolysis gas adverse current produced after 2 material heating Gas heating is pyrolyzed in dryer section I, retort section II pyrolytic gasification reaction occurs, constantly form pyrolysis gas, Contain substantial amounts of tar in pyrolysis gas, when material is by gasification section III, be still heated, give birth at high temperature Into combustion gas and charcoal, most of tar produced in retort section II is cracked under the high temperature of gasification section III When generation combustion gas, tar-concentration reduction in pyrolysis gas, charcoal and pyrolysis gas move to catalytic pyrolysis section IV, Tar in pyrolysis gas at high temperature with catalyst (catalyst is the charcoal that biomass are produced in gasification section III, Or to add the weight in biomass material than other catalyst for cracking for 0.1~1.5%, cracking and catalyzing Agent can be dolomite dust, agstone, calcined dolomite powder, lime burning stone flour, attapulgite clay One or more combination of powder etc.) it is fully contacted, most tar is further cracked by catalyst, Tar-concentration is further reduced in combustion gas, and afterwards, charcoal and pyrolysis gas enter gas solid separation section V, heat Vent one's spleen and discharge roller 2 from pyrolysis gas outlet 21, charcoal continues to be moved to discharge end, from drawing mechanism 6 Discharge roller 2.
By said process as can be seen that can integrally complete in the roller 2 biomass material pyrolytic gasification and The catalytic pyrolysis of tar, it is not necessary to discharge outside roller 2 pyrolysis gas, by special catalytic cracking of tar Equipment is processed, and therefore, there is no need to carry out the pyrolysis gas reheating of complexity, so that simply and effectively Reduce the content of tar in pyrolysis gas of biomass.As a result of before without swing type rotary furnace, Swing type rotary furnace reciprocally swinging in the range of certain radian, continuously rotates rather than along single direction, Therefore, it is only possible to be mounted directly sensor, the electricity for needing to be connected by wire with external equipment on roller 2 The dress for PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as heat exchange jacket that heater 20 or needs are connected with external equipment by pipeline Put, and wire and pipeline will not be wrapped on roller 2, will not hinder the normal swing of roller 2, more favorably In multiple techniques such as completion material pyrolytic gasification, catalytic cracking of tar within one device.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, in order to precisely control the technological reaction in roller, Temperature sensor 8, and temperature sensor 8 are provided with the gas phase zone of gasification section III and catalytic pyrolysis section IV It is connected by wire with the detection control apparatus for swinging rotary furnace；Temperature sensor 8 is set directly at roller 2 Corresponding process section cylinder on, the detection and control to the temperature in roller 2 can be completed, be more beneficial for rolling The reaction controlling of each technique in cylinder 2, and temperature signal directly transmits by wire, therefore, temperature signal biography Pass reliability.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, it is provided with electric adding in gasification section III and/or retort section II Hot device 20, electric heater 20 is connected with detection control apparatus by wire.Detection control apparatus is used for electricity Heater 20 is powered and controls delivery.Electric heater 20 heat soon, temperature-controllable it is good, improve each The efficiency of heating surface of process section.
Further, in the present embodiment, catalytic pyrolysis section IV is also equipped with electric heater 20, further The efficiency of heating surface is improved, certainly, catalytic pyrolysis section IV can also be not provided with electric heater 20.
Used as optimization, above-mentioned electric heater 20 can use strip heater, microwave applicator, electricity One or more combination in magnetic heater, plasma heater, according to the suitable electricity of concrete technology selection Heater.
Preferably, microwave applicator, the installation of microwave applicator are set on the outer wall of catalytic pyrolysis section IV As shown in figure 21, microwave applicator is fixed on the barrel of roller 2 structure by metal waveguide pipe 203, i.e., The metal waveguide pipe 203 connected with inside roller 2 is provided with the barrel of roller 2, microwave applicator is fixed In one end away from barrel of metal waveguide pipe 203, metal waveguide pipe 203 is the tube walls such as pipe, square tube envelope The metal tube for closing, the microwave that microwave applicator is produced is delivered to roller 2 by the tube chamber of metal waveguide pipe 203 Inside, heated material, metal waveguide pipe 203 can prevent microwave from leaking, and metal waveguide pipe 203 is by microwave The barrel of heater and roller 2 is away from can prevent microwave applicator by the barrel heat damage of roller 2.Should Mounting structure is applied to the relatively low or higher operating mode of heating-up temperature.
As optimization, as shown in figure 21, in the present embodiment, resistance to height is additionally provided with metal waveguide pipe 203 Warm wave permeation layer 202, high temperature resistant wave-permeable layer 202 separates metal waveguide pipe 203, makes the High Temperature Gas in roller 2 Body or high-temp solid can not be contacted by metal waveguide pipe 203 with microwave applicator, and microwave can be by resistance to height Warm wave permeation layer 202 enters inside roller 2.High temperature resistant wave-permeable layer 202 can be earthenware brick, silica brick, magnesia brick or height Aluminium brick etc..High temperature resistant wave-permeable layer 202 can be arranged at the optional position inside metal waveguide pipe 203, as in Between position and barrel connection position etc., as long as the high-temperature gas and solid in roller 2 can be intercepted. The quantity of high temperature resistant wave-permeable layer 202 is not limited herein, can be one layer, two-layer.Three layers or more layers. The setting structure is applied to heating-up temperature operating mode higher, can further prevent microwave applicator by high temperature Damage.Preferably, metal waveguide pipe 203 is fixed on the cylinder body outer wall of the gas phase zone of catalytic pyrolysis section IV, One end of metal waveguide pipe 203 connects with gas phase zone, and the other end is fixed with microwave applicator.Metal waveguide pipe 203 to be arranged on gas phase zone be in order to avoid metal waveguide pipe 203 is filled by material.Certainly, metal waveguide pipe May also be arranged on the barrel of solid phase area, material is intercepted by high temperature resistant wave-permeable therein layer 202.
The material in roller 2 that acts on of microwave field can be utilized to be internally formed part using microwave applicator Focus, is preferably reacted material by " hot spot-effect ".
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is to the further optimization of biomass gasification equipment, the gas in roller 2 Gu cooling section VI is additionally provided between segregation section V and discharge end, between cooling section VI and gas solid separation section V Dividing plate 14 is provided with, cooling jacket 23 is provided with the outer wall of cooling section VI, be provided with cooling jacket 23 Cooling medium inlet and cooling medium outlet 231.Cooling jacket 23 is looped around on the outer wall of cooling section VI, is led to Supercooling medium entrance is exported to cooling medium, cooling medium is passed through in cooling jacket 23 by cooling medium 231 out.Charcoal in gas solid separation section V enters cooling section VI by the opening of the bottom of dividing plate 14, The chuck 23 that is cooled herein is cooled down.It is of course also possible to cooling section VI is not set in roller 2, directly will be raw Thing charcoal material transfers out roller 2, is cooled down in the equipment after roller 2.Setting cooling section VI can be with Pre-cool, improve cooling effect.For eccentric swing rotary furnace, if being not provided with cooling section VI, Dividing plate 14 need not be set between gas solid separation section V and discharge end, because the discharging of eccentric swing rotary furnace End need not set material rotating plate 7, therefore, cylinder discharge end will not kick up a large amount of dust with gas solid separation section V Pyrolysis gas from pyrolysis gas outlet 21 discharge roller 2.
In order to further improve the pyrolysis efficiency of biomass, the heating of the inside of roller 2 is realized, such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 institutes Show, in the present embodiment, biomass gasification equipment also includes that the gas being arranged on the barrel of gasification section III enters Mouthfuls 25, gas access 25 is located at the solid phase area of gasification section III, for being passed through oxygen-containing gas in gasification section III； Valve is preferably provided with gas access 25, controls to enter in gasification section III by the aperture of control valve Oxygen-containing gas；Biomass gasification equipment also includes gas distribution tube 24, and gas distribution tube 24 is arranged at gas Change in the solid phase area of section III, and connected with gas access 25, the shape of gas distribution tube 24 can be straight tube, Its diameter parallel is in the axis of roller 2, the closed at both ends of gas distribution tube 24, the tube wall of gas distribution tube 24 On offer along gas distribution tube 24 axis arrange multiple opening directions point to barrel venthole 241, The aperture of venthole 241 is 2mm~15mm.It is distributed to prevent material from entering gas by venthole 241 In pipe 24, the both sides of the venthole 241 of gas distribution tube 24 are provided with two pieces of baffle plates 31, the length of baffle plate 31 , there is gap between baffle plate 31 and cylinder inboard wall in degree direction and the diameter parallel of gas distribution tube 24, so that Venthole 241 is protected between two baffle plates 31, material into the probability of gas distribution tube 24 is reduced, Meanwhile, when material blanketing gas distributor pipe 24, gas distribution channel is formed between two baffle plates 31, Gas circulation is smooth, and is flowed from the open at both ends of the gap location and baffle plate 31 of baffle plate 31 and cylinder inboard wall Go out.The quantity of gas distribution tube 24 is set according to process requirements, is not specifically limited herein.Certainly, Gas distribution tube 24 can also be other shapes, such as annular shape, if connected with gas access 25, and To being passed through oxygen-containing gas in roller 2.
The effect that gas distribution tube 24 is set in gasification section III is to provide sufficient containing to gasification process Carrier of oxygen, gas can be air, oxygen-enriched air or oxygen, make partial material that oxidation occur with oxygen anti- Should, big calorimetric is released, internal heating is carried out to gasification section III, bring up to the temperature of gasification section III 600~900 DEG C, material gasifies to form charcoal and combustion gas at high temperature.
For convenience to the control of oxygen-containing gas, the present embodiment is provided with valve, valve at gas access It is manually-operated gate and/or automatic valve, automatic valve can be electrically operated valve or operated pneumatic valve, automatic valve It is connected with detection control apparatus signal, can be connected by wire or wireless connection, the aperture of automatic valve By detection control apparatus control, control oxidation anti-by the content of the oxygen-containing gas for controlling to enter gasification section III Should, and then control the inside heating-up temperature of gasification section III.Reaction temperature can be according to the temperature of temperature sensor 8 Degree signal is controlled.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in order to realize the recycling of the energy, in the present embodiment, it is passed through cooling Cooling medium in chuck 23 is gaseous cooling medium, and gaseous cooling medium comes from air or oxygen generating plant, And cooling medium outlet 231 is connected with the gas access 25 in gasification section III.Because cooling gas are pressed from both sides in cooling The material heating being cooled in set 23 in section VI, after the gas after heating exports 231 out from cooling medium, Entered in gasification section III by gas access 25, oxidation reaction can occur with material as in gasification section III Oxygen-containing gas, therefore, reclaimed the waste heat of charcoal, it is no longer necessary to extra equipment hot gas, The energy is saved, the thermal efficiency is improve, air consumption is reduced, is accordingly reduced and is passed through what gas was brought into The amount of nitrogen, increased pyrolysis gas concentration.Certainly, cooling medium can also be liquid medium, carry out cold But directly discharged from cooling jacket 23 after, oxygen-containing gas is provided to gas access 25 by miscellaneous equipment.
Further, in order to realize the recycling of the heat of pyrolysis gas, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, In the present embodiment, biomass gasification equipment also includes being arranged on the outer wall of dryer section I and retort section II Heating jacket 19, heating jacket 19 is covered on the outer wall of dryer section I and retort section II, heating jacket 19 Close gasification section III outer wall on be provided with pyrolysis gas import 191, the close feed end of heating jacket 19 Pyrolysis gas outlet 192, pyrolysis gas outlet 21 and heating jacket in gas solid separation section V are provided with outer wall Pyrolysis gas import 191 on 19 is connected.
By setting heating jacket 19, the pyrogenous origin pyrolysis gas of material in roller 2 are imported into heating jacket 19 It is interior, because pyrolysis gas are from after roller 2 is interior out, with temperature higher, therefore, using the heat of pyrolysis gas Amount carries out partition-wall heat transfer to the material in retort section II and dryer section I, and heated material, same improves The thermal efficiency, reduces air consumption, accordingly reduces the amount for being passed through the nitrogen that gas is brought into, increased heat Vent one's spleen concentration.Pyrolysis gas import 191 in the present embodiment is located at the position of the close gasification section III of retort section II Put, pyrolysis gas outlet 192 is located at the position near feed end of dryer section I, is so disposed to make Moving direction of circulating direction of the pyrolysis gas in heating jacket 19 with material in roller 2 is conversely, increase temperature Degree gradient, makes full use of the heat of pyrolysis gas, improves the thermal efficiency.
It is of course also possible to pass through external equipment to heating medium is passed through in heating jacket 19, without using rolling The pyrolysis gas of cylinder 2, can not simply recycle the heat of pyrolysis gas.Or, heating jacket 19 is not provided with, Pyrolysis gas outlet is directly opened up on the barrel of dryer section I, the pyrolysis gas in roller 2 are reverse with respect to material Retort section II and dryer section I are circulated to, Direct Contact Heating material realizes the waste heat recovery of pyrolysis gas, But, the tar content in which pyrolysis gas is higher, and the mode for being not provided with heating jacket 19 is good.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in order to obtain clean combustion gas, the biomass gasification equipment in the present embodiment Also include combined type purification and condensation device 29 and combustion gas blower fan 28.Wherein, combined type purification and condensation device 29 with plus The pyrolysis gas outlet 192 of thermal jacket 19 passes through movable conduit 5 and connects, and combined type purification and condensation device 29 passes through Cooling water is condensed to pyrolysis gas, realizes gas-liquid separation, obtains combustion gas, tar and condensation Heisui River.Group Gas outlet, condensation-water drain and tar outlet have been provided with box-like purification and condensation device 29, respectively will combustion Gas, condensation Heisui River and tar discharge；The import of combustion gas blower fan 28 and the combustion gas of combined type purification and condensation device 29 Outlet, by swabbing action, combustion gas is delivered to the place of needs, and tar is processed as needed.
Further, in order to further be converted to material, more combustion gas are obtained, in the present embodiment Biomass gasification equipment also include the charcoal cooler 22 that is connected with the drawing mechanism 6 of swing type rotary furnace, charcoal Spray equipment and drain hole are set in cooler 22.The charcoal of generation enters charcoal cooler 22 in roller 2 In, charcoal spraying cooling water from the spray equipment of charcoal cooler 22 to high temperature, cooling water generated by evaporation There is water gas reaction (C+H with charcoal in water vapour, water vapour2O→CO+H2 C+2H2O→CO2+2H2) combustion gas is generated, rest materials are discharged from drain hole.So that further with The waste heat of charcoal, has obtained more combustion gas.
Further, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the spray of charcoal cooler 22 is filled Put and connected by condensate pump 26 with the condensation-water drain of combined type purification and condensation device 29, and charcoal cooler 22 On be provided with steam (vapor) outlet 221；Steam inlet 32 is further opened with the outer wall of roller 2, steam inlet 32 passes through Movable conduit 5 is connected with the steam (vapor) outlet 221 of charcoal cooler 22, and steam inlet 32 can be arranged on dryer section Ith, any one or more process sections in retort section II, gasification section III, catalytic pyrolysis section IV, preferably Be opened in the gas phase zone of retort section II.The purpose being arranged such is in order to cold by what is produced after condensation pyrolysis gas The solidifying secondary utilization in Heisui River, due to containing hundreds of organic matter such as acetic acid, methyl alcohol, aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols in Heisui River, Prevent from being arranged outside Heisui River and environment is polluted.During work, it is cold that charcoal is delivered in condensation Heisui River by condensate pump 26 But in the spray equipment of device 22, spraying cooling high-temperature biological charcoal, the water vapour of evaporation is from charcoal cooler 22 Steam (vapor) outlet 221 out, is entered in roller 2 so that the water vapour in pyrolysis gas is dense by steam inlet 32 Degree increases, and improves the conversion ratio of catalytic cracking of tar, reduce further the concentration of tar in combustion gas, The yield of combustion gas is improve, the pollution in condensation Heisui River is eliminated, the waste heat of high-temperature biological charcoal has been reclaimed, carried The thermal efficiency of equipment high.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the condensation separation tar content out from combined hot purification and condensation device 29 It is less, if as product, can directly be collected from after tar outlet discharge.If tar is not Used as product, the biomass gasification equipment in the present embodiment carries out secondary utilization to the tar separated. Specifically, tar entrance is offered on the barrel of dryer section I and/or retort section II and/or gasification section III 30, the tar outlet of combined type purification and condensation device 29 is by condensing oil pump 27 and movable conduit 5 and tar entrance 30 connections, the tar that will be separated from pyrolysis gas is sent back in roller 2 again, participates in catalytic pyrolysis reflection, Generation combustion gas, so as to improve generator yield, eliminates tar pollution significantly.
The movable conduit tube component 5 that above example is mentioned has three kinds of structure types, is used equally to swing back with one heart Converter and eccentric swing rotary furnace, one kind is flexible pipe, by flexible pipe by a nipple on the outer wall of roller 2 Connected with roller 2, the flexible pipe other end is connected with external equipment, flexible pipe can bend, it is ensured that flexible pipe long enough, Interference will not be produced to the swing of roller 2, because roller 2 swings in the range of certain radian, therefore flexible pipe Will not be wrapped on roller 2.The nipple being connected with flexible pipe can be arranged on the outer wall of roller 2 any position Put, as long as there is no soft tube winding.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, movable conduit tube component 5 is in charge of 501 to second movable conduit tube component 5 by least two It is formed by connecting by the head and the tail of swivel joint 502.When being worked due to swing type rotary furnace, temperature is higher, and living The medium being passed through in dynamic conduit tube component 5, some temperature are also higher, therefore movable conduit tube component 5 is preferably adopted It is near by swivel joint 502 with the pipe of hard refractory material, and for the swing of without prejudice to roller 2 501 head and the tail of being in charge of of few two hard rotate connection, relative between being in charge of 501 to turn with the swing of roller 2 It is dynamic, and without limitation on the swing of roller 2, one of them is in charge of 501 and passes through rotation with the nipple on roller 2 Joint 502 is connected, and another is in charge of 501 and is connected by swivel joint 502 with external pipe.Work in Fig. 2 Dynamic conduit tube component 5 is to be in charge of 501 by three and rotated by the head and the tail of swivel joint 502 to be formed by connecting, roller 2 from Starting position is swung along a direction, and during swing, drive activity conduit tube component 5 is rotated, in whole process, Movable conduit tube component 5 will not produce interference to the swing of roller 2.
The third movable conduit tube component 5 as shown in Figure 10-Figure 12, Figure 15, for fixed put by movable conduit tube component 5 Dynamic pipe 503, for the fixed swing pipe 503 for swinging rotary furnace with one heart, it is set and the setting class in Figure 15 Seemingly, that is, the one end for fixing swing pipe 503 is fixedly connected on the outer wall of roller 2；Fix the another of swing pipe 503 One end extends to the outside two ends for swinging rotary furnace with one heart, and is rotated by swivel joint 502 and external pipe Connection, swivel joint 502 be arranged in one heart swing rotary furnace outside two ends, and swivel joint 502 rotation Shaft axis overlap with the extended line of the axis B of the roller 2 of concentric swing rotary furnace.Rotary furnace is swung with one heart to exist During reciprocally swinging, axis B of the fixed swing pipe 503 with roller 2 around roller 2 swings, fixed swing pipe 503 will not produce interference to the swing of roller 2, while can be to being passed through fluid in roller 2 or heat exchange jacket Material or thermal source.One end of fixed swing pipe 503 can be fixed on the top or bottom of the outer tube wall of roller 2.
For the fixed swing pipe 503 of eccentric swing rotary furnace, if eccentric swing rotary furnace in cylinder, then The setting of fixed swing pipe 503 is similar with the setting of concentric swing rotary furnace, as shown in figure 15, fixed to swing The one end of pipe 503 is fixedly connected on the outer wall of roller 2, and the other end of fixed swing pipe 503 extends in cylinder partially The outside two ends of heart rotary furnace, and be rotatably connected with external pipe by swivel joint 502, swivel joint 502 The outside two ends of eccentric swing rotary furnace in cylinder are arranged in, and the rotation axis of swivel joint 502 is inclined with cylinder The extended line that the heart swings the pivot center A of rotary furnace overlaps, operation principle and the with one heart phase of swing rotary furnace Together.If the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder, its pivot center A is located at the outside lower section of roller 2, then solid The setting of swing pipe 503 is determined as shown in Figure 10-Figure 12, and one end of fixed swing pipe 503 is fixedly connected on roller 2 Bottom, the other end of fixed swing pipe 503 is rotatably connected by swivel joint 502 with external pipe, rotation Adapter 502 is located at the rotary shaft of eccentric swing rotary furnace outside the lower section of roller 2, and its rotation axis and cylinder Line A overlaps.Operation principle is as described above, repeat no more.Because the roller 2 of swing type rotary furnace is only one Determine reciprocally swinging in arc range, continuously rotated rather than along single direction, therefore, it can on roller 2 Conduit is directly set, and movable conduit tube component 5 itself can bend or transfer, therefore, movable conduit group Part 5 will not be wrapped on roller 2, it is ensured that the normal work of swing type rotary furnace.Due to straight on roller 2 Setting conduit is connect, the material in roller 2 or thermal source can directly be transported out, it is not necessary to by roller 2 Feed end and discharge end, with the prior art must burner or stove tail turnover material compared with, improve The sealing property of swing type rotary furnace, so as to improve the quality of biomass conversion.Movable conduit tube component 5 Motion state is as shown in figure 3, with the reciprocally swinging of roller 2, the bending of movable conduit tube component 5 is rotated, will not It is wrapped on roller 2.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the dryer section I of the roller 2 of biomass gasification equipment, Dividing plate 14, and dryer section I and destructive distillation are provided between retort section II, gasification section III and catalytic pyrolysis section A dividing plate 14 is respectively provided with least in section II.In dryer section I and retort section II, the effect of dividing plate 14 is set It is that will be divided into some temperature sections in roller 2, realize the graded of reaction temperature, can preferably carry out Each section of technological reaction.
In order that material reaction is fully, catalytic pyrolysis section is provided with material rotating plate, the structure of material rotating plate 7 is as schemed Shown in 6, material rotating plate 7 is fixed on the inwall of roller 2, with the swing of roller 2, material is dug, and is scattered, Can fully react.Material rotating plate 7 at drawing mechanism 6 is used to be directed to material in drawing mechanism 6, Convenient discharging.In addition in catalytic pyrolysis section, material rotating plate is set, dryer section I, retort section II, gasification section III and/or cooling section VI may also set up material rotating plate 7.Material rotating plate 7 can certainly be not provided with, for concentric Eccentric swing rotary furnace in rotary furnace and cylinder is swung, is discharged for convenience, preferably be close in discharge end Expect that the position of device sets material rotating plate 7.For the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder, then material rotating plate can be not provided with 7。
As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, dryer section I, retort section II, gasification section III, Catalytic pyrolysis section IV and/or cooling section VI are preferably provided with movable chain 13, it is also possible to be not provided with.Activity Chain 13 can be arranged on the inwall of roller 2, and the one end of movable chain 13 is fixed on the inwall of roller 2, separately One end is not fixed, or two ends are each attached on the inwall of roller 2, living with the reciprocally swinging of roller 2 The dynamic relative wall in roller 2 of chain 13 constantly slides, and the material that on the one hand can be will be attached on wall is clear Reason is got off, and on the other hand, movable chain 13 can promote material to be moved to discharge end, facilitate the defeated of material Send.Movable chain 13 can also strengthen heat transfer of the barrel to material.Movable chain 13 can also be arranged at every On plate 14, the two ends of movable chain 13 are individually fixed in two plate faces of dividing plate 14, and movable chain 13 is worn Cross the opening of dividing plate 14, with the reciprocally swinging of roller 2, movable chain 13 can at opening reciprocally swinging, Prevent dividing plate 14 from blocking；Certainly, the two ends through the movable chain 13 of dividing plate 14 may be also secured at roller 2 Top barrel on, or one end is fixed on the barrel of roller 2, and the other end is fixed on the plate face of dividing plate 14 On, the movable chain 13 through the opening of dividing plate 14 can be hanging, it is also possible to which partly the inwall with roller 2 is contacted Slide, preferably contact slide, material knot wall can be prevented, improve heat transfer efficiency.Certainly, movable chain 13 The installation form form that is not limited to cited by the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, biomass gasification equipment also includes the pressure sensor being arranged on roller 2, pressure Force snesor is connected with the detection control apparatus wire of swing type rotary furnace.By pressure sensor to roller 2 Interior pressure detected, better controls over the reaction of each process section.
As shown in Fig. 2 to the further optimization of biomass gasification equipment, due to higher organic of existing moisture content Thing or biomass experience the processes such as drying, destructive distillation during carbonization.Organic matter or biomass exist A large amount of water vapours, water vapour are produced to enter pyrolysis by processes such as destructive distillation, gasifications with material when drying In gas, it is condensed during pyrolysis gas condensation cleaning and is separated, condensation process needs to consume a large amount of colds (cold But water), while producing the greater number of condensation black liquor to need treatment；Simultaneously as containing in pyrolysis gas Have a large amount of water vapours, from stove discharge hot pyrolysis gas can not directly burn utilizations (influence combustion efficiency： On the one hand water vapour dilutes gas concentration influence fuel gas buring, and another aspect water vapour participates in combustion process Middle heat absorption influence flame temperature)；Water vapour is heated during destructive distillation, gasification from 100 DEG C or so 500~900 DEG C are increased to, the substantial amounts of energy is consumed；If first dried again in destructive distillation in drying equipment Carbonization in pyrolysis plant, then increased the complexity of number of devices and technical process.
Above-mentioned in order to solve the problems, such as, the biomass gasification equipment of the present embodiment also includes being arranged at dryer section Steam export mouth 36 on I gas phase zone barrel, steam export mouth 36 passes through movable conduit tube component 5 and steam Condenser 33 is connected, and the outlet of steam condenser 33 is connected with air-introduced machine 35.By the suction of air-introduced machine 35 Effect, a large amount of water vapours of organic matter or biomass material generation are heated in advance from dryer section by dryer section I I pulls out, and reduces the amount that water vapour enters follow-up process section, and the water vapour to pumping out passes through Steam condenser 33 carries out condensation separation, obtains condensed water and fixed gas, fixed gas can be passed through combustion furnace or In miscellaneous equipment.
As shown in Fig. 2 the water vapour pre-separation in order to dryer section I is better achieved, in the present embodiment, Temperature sensor 8 is set on the jet chimney of steam export mouth 36 or connection steam export mouth 36, for examining Survey pulls out the temperature of the gas by steam export mouth 36 from dryer section I；On jet chimney or draw Regulating valve 34 is set at the import of blower fan 35, for adjusting the gas flow passed through from steam export mouth 36. Or regulating valve 34 is not provided with, but air-introduced machine 35 uses frequency converting induced draft fan, by frequency converting induced draft fan control The gas flow passed through from steam export mouth 36, makes composition in gas be drying by controlling gas flow Water vapour in section I.Because flow is excessive, the carbonizing gas of retort section II can be filled into water vapour, with Water vapour discharges roller 2 from steam export mouth 36.Accordingly, it would be desirable to control to adjust the aperture of valve 34, control from The gas flow of steam export mouth 36.The control of regulating valve 34 is to steam export mouth according to temperature sensor 8 What the temperature of 36 gas detection was carried out, because the temperature of the water vapour of dryer section I typically exists 100~120 DEG C, and the carbonizing gas temperature that retort section II is produced is generally higher than 180 DEG C, when temperature sensor 8 The gas temperature of the steam export mouth 36 for detecting is 100~130 DEG C, then illustrate the gas predominantly dryer section I water vapour；The gas temperature of the steam export mouth 36 detected when temperature sensor 8 exceedes water vapour During temperature range, then illustrate to be mixed into the carbonizing gas of retort section II, it is necessary to by regulating valve 34 in gas Aperture reduces or changes the power frequency of frequency converting induced draft fan.Therefore, controlled by regulating valve 34 and frequency converting induced draft fan The gas flow of steam export mouth 36 makes the temperature control of steam export mouth 36 at 100~130 DEG C, more preferably Between 110~120 DEG C, so as to realize moisture content organic matter higher or biomass material in the generation of dryer section I Water vapour pre-separation.A large amount of water vapours are avoided with organic matter or the destructive distillation of biomass experience, pyrolytic process Pyroprocess simultaneously enters in carbonization gas, so as to reduce organic matter or biomass carbonization, pyrolytic process Energy consumption, and reduce the vapour content in carbonization gas, accordingly reduce carbonization air cooling The yield of solidifying black liquor, improves the concentration of condensation black liquor, is conducive to condensing the recycling of black liquor.
The complete process process of above biomass converting apparatus is as follows：
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, when swing type rotary furnace runs, roller 2 is in the direction of the clock and square counterclockwise Run to alternate rotation, the biomass of pending stalk, agriculture and forestry organic waste material and other not chlorinated organics Solid waste material (hereinafter referred to as material) is transported in roller 2 by feed arrangement 1, material with The swing rotary of roller 2 is dynamic in the varus skid of roller 2 and is moved in zigzag track to discharge end along the gradient Dynamic, movable chain 13 is slided with material, can prevent material from gluing wall, and can improve heat transfer efficiency；Material according to It is secondary by dryer section I, retort section II, the pyrolysis gas heating of 800~1000 DEG C be heated in chuck 19 Dry, carbonization is warmed up to 400~500 DEG C, pyrolytic process is sufficiently complex, and result is macromolecular charcoal water The key of compound is broken, separates out a large amount of fugitive constituents (mainly including H2、CO、CO2、CH4, tar and Other carbon compounds) enter in pyrolysis gas, produce substantial amounts of tar (bio-oil), water vapour and Combustion gas, tar-concentration is in 10~50g/m in combustion gas3(condensed tar in combined type purification charcoal cooler 29 and The addition of Heisui River steam is condensed, the concentration of tar and water vapour in pyrolysis gas is increased)；Material continue to Discharge end moves into gasification section III, material and the gas (air, the oxygen-enriched sky that are passed through from gas access 25 Gas or oxygen) there is the big calorimetric of following series reaction releasing, temperature brings up to 600~900 DEG C, material Partial gasification reaction at high temperature generates combustion gas and charcoal, and the tar that most of retort section II is produced is in gas Change generation cracking reaction generation combustion gas (C under the high temperature of section IIInHm+H2O→CO+H2, CnHm+CO2→CO+H2), tar-concentration drops to 1~2g/m in pyrolysis gas3；
Reaction in gasification section III is：
CnHm+O2→CO2+H20
CnHm+O2→CO+H20
C+O2→CO2
C+CO2→CO
C+H2O→CO+H2
CnHm+H2O→CO+H2
CnHm+CO2→CO+H2
……
Charcoal and pyrolysis gas continue to be moved to discharge end, are kept for 600~900 DEG C, into catalytic pyrolysis section IV, Tar in pyrolysis gas offered with material rotating plate 7 under catalyst (catalyst be charcoal or charging addition urge Agent) it is fully contacted, while being electrically heated device 20 (preferably microwave applicator) is heated to 800~1000 DEG C, Temperature is monitored by temperature sensor 8, and is controlled by the heating power of control device control electric heater 20 Temperature, catalyst surface forms hot localised points in the presence of microwave field, is improved by " hot spot-effect " Catalyst activity, tar is most of, and by catalyst cracking, (pyrolysis gas are stopped in catalytic pyrolysis section IV Time is more than 2 seconds), tar-concentration is in 0.05~0.5g/m in combustion gas3, the carbon compound (C in tarnHm) In catalyst surface and water vapour or carbon dioxide reaction generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen, course of reaction is：
CnHm+H2O→CO+H2
CnHm+CO2→CO+H2
Charcoal and pyrolysis gas continue to be moved to discharge end, into gas solid separation section V, pyrolysis gas with it is biological Charcoal discharges roller 2 after separating under the swabbing action of combustion gas blower fan 28；Charcoal is along the swing type rotary furnace gradient Direction enters cooling section VI through the opening of dividing plate 14, and the cooling medium in the cooled chuck 23 of charcoal is (excellent Elect gaseous cooling medium as) cooling, gaseous cooling medium is for air or from oxygen generating plant, gaseous state cooling Medium is heated to 500~600 DEG C during charcoal is cooled down, and then goes out from cooling medium outlet 231 Come, gasification section III entered as the oxygen-containing gas for participating in pyrolytic reaction by the gas access 25 of gasification section III, The waste heat of charcoal has been reclaimed, the thermal efficiency of pyrolysis gasification system has been improve；Charcoal is moved along the gradient Into discharge end, roller 2 is discharged by drawing mechanism 6 and enters cooling in charcoal cooler 22.Charcoal is in charcoal Charcoal cooler 22 is discharged after being cooled to 120~150 DEG C in the condensation Heisui River being injected into cooler 22.In black liquor Moisture and organic pollution cool down charcoal during by high-temperature biological charcoal vaporization generation steam, steam Vapour out, roller 2 is sent into by movable conduit 5 and steam inlet 32 from the steam (vapor) outlet 221 of charcoal cooler 22 Interior, steam constantly heats up with pyrolysis gas to discharge end movement, participates in the high-temperature water gas gasified reverse of charcoal Should be reacted with catalytic cracking of tar.
800~1000 DEG C of pyrolysis gas of high temperature under the swabbing action of combustion gas blower fan 28, from gas solid separation section V Pyrolysis gas outlet 21 extract out after enter heating jacket 19, high temperature pyrolysis gas is in heating jacket 19 from destructive distillation Section II flows to feed end.At the same time, material constantly enters roller 2 by feed arrangement 1, along slope Moved to gasification section III to through dryer section I, retort section II, stream of the high temperature pyrolysis gas in heating jacket 19 Lead to direction with material moving direction conversely, realizing partition-wall heat transfer, material is progressively warmed up to 400~500 DEG C, Pyrolysis gas and tar are produced in material temperature-rise period；High temperature pyrolysis gas then progressively heat exchange cool to 200~ 400 DEG C, discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 192 of heating jacket 19 under the swabbing action of combustion gas blower fan 28.
Pyrolysis gas enter combined type purification and condensation device 29 after being released from heating jacket 19, and pyrolysis gas are cold But water is cooled to 20~50 DEG C, and the bio-oil and water vapour in pyrolysis gas are condensed into liquid, after separation Combustion gas is sent to user by the combustion gas being purified, combustion gas blower fan 28, and the suction of combustion gas blower fan 28 makes roller 2 Interior holding 10~200Pa negative pressure.
Containing 5~10% dissolved organic matter, Main Ingredients and Appearance is acetic acid, can be with the condensation Heisui River of condensation separation Charcoal cooler 22 is sent to by condensate pump 26, spraying cooling charcoal is converted into steam, in the negative pressure of roller 2 In the presence of, steam passes through movable conduit 5 and sends into roller 2, is moved to discharge end with pyrolysis gas, constantly rises Temperature participates in high-temperature water gas gasification reaction and the catalytic cracking of tar reaction of charcoal.Condensation Heisui River can also be as Primary product vinegar liquid carries out deep processing or sells outward.
The tar of condensation separation can be sent in roller 2 by movable conduit 5 by cooling oil pump 27 and be split by catalysis Solution produces combustion gas, it is also possible to as being sold outside the raw material of industry.
In order to improve the efficiency of catalytic cracking of tar, the barrel diameter of catalytic pyrolysis section IV can be expanded, made The pyrocarbon (Pd/carbon catalyst) that catalytic pyrolysis section IV is stopped is more, improves the solid-gas ratio of catalytic pyrolysis section IV.
When swing type rotary furnace starts, material is firstly added, electric heater 20 is started afterwards, by gasification section III material is heated and is passed through oxygen-containing gas, and exothermic oxidation reaction occurs with partial material, works as TEMP When the temperature that device 8 detects gasification section III rises to 400~500 DEG C of biomass self-ignition temperature and constantly raises, control Device processed closes electric heater 20, continues to be passed through oxygen-containing gas, and the temperature of gasification section III brings up to 600~ 900 DEG C, the valve opening at gas access 25 is monitored and adjusts by temperature sensor 8, control is passed through gas The amount of body controls the temperature of gasification section III.
For the biomass of high-moisture percentage, the water vapour produced in dryer section I can by steam export mouth 36, Temperature sensor 8, regulating valve 34, air-introduced machine 35 and steam condenser 33 carry out pre-separation treatment, herein not Repeat again.
The biomass gasification equipment that be can be seen that by above-mentioned technique in the present invention can be in roller 2 integrally Formula completes biomass pyrogenation gasification and catalytic cracking of tar technique, reduces tar-concentration, tar-concentration energy Enough reduce by 80%~90%；Pyrolysis gas and charcoal waste heat are reclaimed by heating jacket 19 and cooling jacket 23, Improve the thermal efficiency；Condensation Heisui River and condensed tar are recovered in roller 2, secondary utilization is carried out, improved Generator yield, while eliminate the pollution of tar and Heisui River to environment.Efficiently complete biomass energy Conversion.
As shown in Fig. 3, Figure 10, Figure 16, further, a kind of specific charging dress is present embodiments provided 1 is put, feed arrangement 1 is spiral feeding conveyer or piston charger.As shown in figs. 3 and 10, spiral enters Material conveyer is circular tube structure, and screw mechanism is provided with pipe, and one end of feed arrangement 1 offers opening Feed bin upward, for swinging eccentric swing rotary furnace, spiral feeding conveyer in rotary furnace and cylinder with one heart Pipe be connected with the charging aperture rotary seal being opened on the end face of the feed end of roller 2, pipe can pass through A kind of end of through type swivel joint 18 (through type swivel joint is static and dynamic sealing connector) with feed end Face rotates connection, and the transport axis of spiral feeding conveyer overlap with the pivot center of roller 2.Spiral enters Material conveyer is transported material in roller 2 by screw mechanism.If using piston charger, its structure It is identical with the structure in Figure 16, then the delivery pipe of piston charger equally with the feed end for being arranged at roller 2 Charging aperture on end face is connected by the rotary seal of through type swivel joint 18, and piston charger conveying The transport axis of pipe overlap with the pivot center of roller 2, and piston charger passes through the piston that moves back and forth by thing Material is pushed and entered in roller 2.No matter using which kind of feed arrangement 1, remaining some in delivery pipe It is full of by material, forms vapour lock, prevents gas in roller 2 from being altered to outside roller 2 by feed arrangement 1, or roller 2 outer air enter in roller 2 from feed arrangement 1；In order to sealing is better achieved, in the material of piston charger Cang Chu sets the first push-pull valve 101, and the second push-pull valve 102 is set in the delivery pipe of piston charger.Enter During material, the second push-pull valve 102 is opened, and the first push-pull valve 101 closes that (material is up when preventing piston material pushing Extrusion delivery pipe returns to feed bin), piston to advance under the promotion of cylinder or oil cylinder and pass through through type by material Swivel joint 18 and delivery pipe feeding rotary furnace；Charging is closed the second push-pull valve 102 and (prevents piston after finishing Feed back during rollback), the first push-pull valve 101 is opened, piston retracts under the pulling of cylinder or oil cylinder, material Entered in the delivery pipe of piston charger by the feed opening for opening the first push-pull valve 101.
The delivery pipe of above-mentioned feed arrangement 1 carries out rotary seal and is connected with the end face of the feed end of roller 2, Compared with the large area sealing surface of the burner wound drum one end in existing rotary furnace, the charging in the present invention Device 1 is small with the rotary seal face of roller 2, and only only needing to common packing seal or sealing ring just can expire Sufficient seal request, sealing is simple, reduces sealing cost, is difficult to leak out.Ensure that material in roller 2 Reaction mass.
Feed arrangement 1 above is equally applicable to eccentric swing rotary furnace, is turned round for eccentric swing in cylinder Stove, the structure and mounting means of feed arrangement 1 are identical with concentric swing rotary furnace；Eccentric pendulum outer for cylinder Dynamic rotary furnace, as shown in Figure 10, the end face of the feed end of roller 2 may extend to pivot center A, at the end Charging aperture is opened up on face, the delivery pipe of feed arrangement 1 can pass through straight with the end face extended at pivot center A The rotary seal of formula swivel joint 18 is connected；Or the feed end end face of roller 2 is not extend to pivot center A, But the cylinder in feed end connects a pipeline, there is charging aperture, feed arrangement 1 and the pipeline on pipeline On charging aperture rotary seal connection, as shown in figure 16, as long as the transport axis and rotary furnace of feed arrangement 1 Pivot center A overlap, will not be repeated here.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of concentric drawing mechanism 6 for swinging rotary furnace, discharging are present embodiments provided Device 6 is the end face of spiral discharging conveyer, the delivery pipe of spiral discharging conveyer and the discharge end of roller 2 Rotary seal is connected, and delivery pipe overlaps with the axis B of roller 2, then roller material outlet 201 is arranged at out Expect on the end face at end, the delivery pipe of spiral discharging conveyer is maintained static, and roller 2 rotates to it.Conveying Part of the pipe in roller 2, its top offers blow tank, and material is flipped up in roller 2, and Enter delivery pipe from blow tank, finally discharge delivery pipe.
As shown in Figure 10-Figure 12, Figure 17-Figure 20, going out for three kinds of eccentric swing rotary furnaces is present embodiments provided Material device 6, the drawing mechanism 6 of eccentric swing rotary furnace swings rotary furnace identical spiral shell using with concentric in cylinder Material conveyer is screwed out, is discharged for convenience, the solid material near spiral discharging conveyer in roller 2 is moved Dynamic region sets material rotating plate 7.The outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder is identical with concentric swing rotary furnace except that can use Spiral discharging conveyer outside, the drawing mechanism 6 of the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder can also be piston discharging machine Or discharge pipe.As shown in figure 17, the drawing mechanism 6 of the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder is spiral discharging conveying Machine, the delivery pipe positioned at cylindrical outer of spiral discharging conveyer can turn with extending to for the discharge end of roller 2 The end face of shaft line A is connected by the rotary seal of through type swivel joint 18, in such cases, roller material Outlet 201 is arranged on the discharge end end face of extension；Or the discharge end end face of roller 2 is not extend to rotate Axis A, the delivery pipe of spiral discharging conveyer is with a pipeline being arranged on the cylinder of discharge end by straight The rotary seal of formula swivel joint 18 is connected, then roller material outlet 201 is the mouth of pipe of the pipeline.Such as Figure 18 Shown, the drawing mechanism 6 of the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder is piston discharging machine, the delivery pipe of piston discharging machine Cylinder with the discharge end of roller 2 is connected, and the transport axis of piston discharging machine are turned round with the outer eccentric swing of cylinder The pivot center A of stove overlaps.The outlet of the delivery pipe of piston discharging machine passes through with external stability discharge nozzle 601 The rotary seal of through type swivel joint 18 is connected, then roller material outlet 201 is the delivery pipe of piston discharging machine Outlet.Be provided with movable chain 13 in roller 2 on the cylinder inboard wall of discharge end, the cylinder of roller 2 with The position of the connection of drawing mechanism 6 is slope, and material is slipped into drawing mechanism 6 by slope, is finally discharged.
As shown in figure 19, the drawing mechanism 6 of the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of another cylinder is discharge pipe, this reality Apply example and enumerate two kinds of setting forms of discharge pipe, a kind of end face of the discharge end for being roller 2 extends to rotation Axis A, opens up roller material outlet 201, roller material outlet 201 on the end face of the discharge end of roller 2 Bottom near the end face of discharge end is set, and the axis of roller material outlet 201 is returned with the outer eccentric swing of cylinder The pivot center A of converter overlaps, and solid phase area barrel and the roller material outlet 201 of roller 2 pass through sloped transition Connect, be easy to solid material to slide to roller material outlet 201 along slope；Discharge pipe and roller material outlet 201 rotary seals are connected, and can be connected by through type swivel joint 18, and discharge pipe is bending pipeline, to Lower right-angle bending, is provided with movable chain 13 on slope and/or discharge pipe.With the pendulum of movable chain 13 It is dynamic, material is delivered into roller material outlet 201, and discharge from discharge pipe.
As shown in figure 20, the end face of the discharge end of roller 2 is not extend to the setting form of another discharge pipe Pivot center A；Feed opening is opened up on the solid phase area barrel near discharge end of roller 2, feed opening is with Expects pipe 602 is connected, and discharge pipe is tightly connected with the mouth rotation of the tremie pipe 602, specifically can be by straight Formula swivel joint 18 rotates connection, then roller material outlet 201 is the outlet of tremie pipe 602, discharging The pivot center of pipeline overlaps with the pivot center A of the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder.As long as can realize outside cylinder The discharging of eccentric swing rotary furnace, it is not limited to the structure type cited by the present embodiment.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of specific drive device and support meanss are the embodiment of the invention provides, for Rotary furnace is swung with one heart, and drive device is concentric gear gear ring drive device, and support meanss are concentric support roller Backing ring support meanss；Wherein, concentric support roller backing ring support meanss include at least two groups backing rings 3 and support roller 12, Backing ring 3 is fixed on the periphery wall of roller 2, and the axis of backing ring 3 overlaps with the axis B of roller 2, backing ring 3 Outer peripheral surface contacts support with support roller 12, and support roller 12 is located at the lower section of backing ring 3, and the rotating shaft position of support roller 12 is consolidated Fixed motionless, a backing ring 3 at least corresponds to a support roller 12, preferably two support rollers 12, for supporting roller 2 rotation, two groups of backing rings 3 and support roller 12 are preferably provided near the position at the two ends of roller 2, and support is more Steadily.Concentric gear gear ring drive device includes at least one set of gear ring 4, driving gear 11 and power part 10, Gear ring 4 is fixed on the periphery wall of roller 2, and the axis of gear ring 4 overlaps with the axis B of roller 2, gear ring 4 with Driving gear 11 is engaged, and driving gear 11 is connected with power part 10, and power part 10 can be electricity Machine or hydraulic motor, if motor, then driving gear 11 is passed power part 10 with motor via reducer Dynamic connection, if hydraulic motor, then driving gear 11 directly can connect power part 10 with hydraulic motor Connect or connected by speed reducer drive.Power part 10 is connected with oscillating control device by wire, is swung Control device controls the rotation direction of power part 10, drives driving gear 11 reciprocal by power part 10 Rotate, and then driven gear ring 4 and roller 2 are around pivot center A reciprocally swingings.Preferably, gear ring 4 can be by Backing ring 3 and tooth form circle are constituted, i.e., fix tooth form circle on the either side vertical with its axis of backing ring 3, Tooth form circle is rotated with backing ring 3, forms gear ring 4, and the manufacture of such gear ring 4 can utilize backing ring 3, drop Low manufacture difficulty and manufacturing cost, while the backing ring 3 for being fixed with tooth form circle can also continue to match somebody with somebody with support roller 12 Close support；Or tooth form circle is fixed on the outer ring of backing ring, gear ring 4 is formed.The structure shape of this gear ring 4 Formula is particularly well-suited to eccentric swing rotary furnace, rotary furnace is swung with one heart and is equally used.Certainly, gear ring 4 may be used also With separately fabricated, it is structure as a whole.
As shown in figure 8, present embodiments provide another drive device for swinging rotary furnace with one heart and support filling Put, drive device is concentric push rod drive device, support meanss are concentric support roller backing ring support meanss；Its In with one heart support roller backing ring support meanss include at least one set of backing ring 3 and support roller 12；Backing ring 3 is fixed on roller 2 On periphery wall, and the axis of backing ring 3 overlaps with the axis B of roller 2；The outer peripheral surface of support roller 12 and backing ring 3 Support contact, support roller 12 is located at the bottom of backing ring 3, and the position of support roller 12 fixes different, for rotational support Backing ring 3；One backing ring 3 is preferably engaged with two support rollers 12, it is highly preferred that including two groups of backing rings 3 and support Wheel 12, and the two ends of roller 2 are located at respectively, support is more stablized.Concentric push rod drive device includes at least one Individual telescoping cylinder 19, expansion link and the roller 2 of telescoping cylinder 19 are hinged, fixing end and the fixation table-hinges of telescoping cylinder 19 Connect, by the flexible of expansion link, drive the reciprocally swinging of roller 2.Specifically, set on the outer wall of roller 2 There is body cradle, body cradle is extended radially out along roller 2, and the expansion link of telescoping cylinder 19 is articulated with body cradle Outer end, such that it is able to avoid expansion link from encountering roller 2 during flexible.The present embodiment is preferably used Two telescoping cylinders 19, body cradle mutually should be two, and the axis B of two body cradle opposing rollers 2 is right up and down Claim arrangement, two expansion links of telescoping cylinder 19 are hinged with upper and lower two body cradles respectively, two telescoping cylinders 19 Expansion link be hingedly connected to be located at the both sides of roller 2 fixed station on, the line level between two fixed stations The pivot center A of arrangement and relatively concentric swing rotary furnace is symmetrical, flexible by two alternatings of telescoping cylinder 19 Realize the reciprocally swinging of roller 2.Certainly, the quantity of telescoping cylinder 19 can also be one, two, three or Person more, the position of telescoping cylinder 19 is arranged according to actual conditions, it is not limited to the present embodiment institute The form enumerated, as long as the reciprocally swinging of roller 2 can be realized.
As shown in figure 9, present embodiments providing drive device and the support dress that the third swings rotary furnace with one heart Put, drive device is at least one set of support roller backing ring drive device with one heart, support meanss are multigroup concentric support roller Backing ring support meanss；Wherein, every group of concentric support roller backing ring support meanss include backing ring 3 and support roller 12, backing ring 3 are fixed on the periphery wall of roller 2, and the axis of backing ring 3 overlaps with the axis B of roller 2；Outside support roller 12 Circle surface contacts with the support of backing ring 3, and support roller 12 is located at the bottom of backing ring 3, and the position of support roller 12 fixes different, For rotational support backing ring 3；One backing ring 3 preferably coordinates support with two support rollers 12, it is highly preferred that Including two groups of backing rings 3 and support roller 12, and the two ends of roller 2 are located at respectively, support is more stablized.Concentric support roller Backing ring drive device includes backing ring 3, support roller 12 and power part 10, and backing ring 3 is fixed on the periphery wall of roller 2 On, and the axis of backing ring 3 overlaps with the axis B of roller 2；The outer peripheral surface of support roller 12 connects with the support of backing ring 3 Touch, support roller 12 is located at the bottom of backing ring 3, and the position of support roller 12 fixes different, for rotational support backing ring 3； One backing ring 3 preferably coordinates support with two support rollers 12, and power part 10 is connected with support roller 12, moves Power part 10 drives the reciprocating rotation of support roller 12, and backing ring is driven by the stiction between support roller 12 and backing ring 3 3 reciprocally swingings, and then make the reciprocally swinging of roller 2.
As shown in Figure 10, present embodiments provide a kind of drive device of eccentric swing rotary furnace and support is filled Put, drive device is eccentric gear gear ring drive device, support meanss are support roller support meanss, support Roller support meanss are only applicable to the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder, therefore the drive combined with support roller support meanss Dynamic device and support meanss are only applicable to the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder；Wherein, eccentric gear gear ring drives Device includes gear ring 4, driving gear 11 and power part 10, and gear ring 4 is fixed on the outer wall of roller 2, and The axis of gear ring 4 is overlapped with the pivot center A of eccentric swing rotary furnace, and gear ring 4 is engaged with driving gear 11, Driving gear 11 is connected with power part 10, and power part 10 is identical with swing rotary furnace with one heart, Will not be repeated here.Power part 10 is connected with oscillating control device wire, and oscillating control device control is dynamic The rotation direction of power part 10, power part 10 drives driving gear 11 to rotate, the sliding tooth of driving gear 11 Circle 4 and roller 2 around eccentric swing rotary furnace pivot center A reciprocally swingings.Support roller support meanss are included extremely Few two groups of support frames 17 and support roller 16, wherein, support frame 17 is maintained static, and support roller 16 rotates connection On support frame 17, and the pivot center of support roller 16 overlaps with the pivot center A of eccentric swing rotary furnace, The bottom of roller 2 is fixedly connected with support roller 16, and balance 15 is fixed in support roller 16, preferably Ground, the mass axis of balance 15 swings the rotation of rotary furnace with the mass axis relative eccentric of roller 2 Axis A is arranged symmetrically, also can unsymmetrical arrangement, two groups of support frames 17 and support roller 16 are preferably respectively close to The two ends of roller 2 are set, and make support more steady.
As shown in figure 11, drive device and the support of another eccentric swing rotary furnace are present embodiments provided Device, drive device is eccentric gear gear ring drive device, and support meanss are eccentric support roller backing ring support dress Put, the combination of the drive device and support meanss is applicable to eccentric swing rotary furnace and the outer bias of cylinder in cylinder Swing rotary furnace.Wherein, eccentric gear gear ring drive device includes gear ring 4, driving gear 11 and power part Part 10, the eccentric gear gear ring drive device in the present embodiment drives dress with the eccentric gear gear ring in Figure 10 Put identical, will not be repeated here.Eccentric support roller backing ring support meanss include at least two groups backing rings 3 and support roller 12, Backing ring 3 is fixed on the periphery wall of roller 2, and axis and the eccentric swing rotary furnace of backing ring 3 pivot center A overlaps, and a backing ring 3 contacts support with least one support roller 12, for supporting backing ring 3 to rotate, backing ring 3 On be provided with balance 15, it is preferable that the mass axis of balance 15 and the gravity axis of roller 2 Line relative eccentric swing rotary furnace pivot center A be arranged symmetrically, also can unsymmetrical arrangement, as long as making revolution Pivot center of the mass axis of stove near rotary furnace.As illustrated in figures 11 and 13, gear ring and backing ring Can be part circle or completely circular structure, i.e. gear ring 4 and backing ring 3 are circular plate structure, be processed on circular slab Go out the axle of the outward flange more than roller 2 of the arc notch or circular hole for being embedded in roller 2, gear ring 4 and backing ring 3 Line and near or above the edge of roller 2, to improve fixing intensity.
As shown in figure 12, drive device and the support of the third eccentric swing rotary furnace are present embodiments provided Device, drive device is eccentric support roller backing ring drive device, and support meanss are driven for multigroup eccentric support roller backing ring Dynamic device, at least two groups, the combination of the drive device and support meanss is applicable to the outer eccentric swing of cylinder Eccentric swing rotary furnace in rotary furnace and cylinder；Wherein, every group of eccentric support roller backing ring support meanss include backing ring 3 With support roller 12, backing ring 3 is fixed on the periphery wall of roller 2, axis and the eccentric swing rotary furnace of backing ring 3 Pivot center A is overlapped, and support roller 12 contacts support with the outer peripheral surface of backing ring 3, and the axis of support roller 12 is fixed not It is dynamic, for rotational support backing ring 3；One outer peripheral surface of backing ring 3 preferably contacts branch with two support rollers 12 Support, it is highly preferred that including two groups of backing rings 3 and support roller 12, and the two ends of roller 2 are located at respectively, support is more Stabilization.Eccentric support roller backing ring drive device includes backing ring 3, support roller 12 and power part 10, power part 10 Be connected with support roller 12, power part 10 drives the reciprocating rotation of support roller 12, by support roller 12 and backing ring 3 it Between stiction drive the reciprocally swinging of backing ring 3, and then make the reciprocally swinging of roller 2.It is provided with backing ring 3 and is matched somebody with somebody Weight balance weight 15, it is preferable that the mass axis of balance 15 and the mass axis relative eccentric of roller 2 The pivot center A for swinging rotary furnace is arranged symmetrically.
As shown in figure 13, drive device and the support of the 4th kind of eccentric swing rotary furnace are present embodiments provided Device, drive device is eccentric push rod drive device, and support meanss are eccentric support roller backing ring support meanss, The combination of the drive device and support meanss is applicable to eccentric swing in the outer eccentric swing rotary furnace of cylinder and cylinder Rotary furnace；Wherein, eccentric support roller backing ring support meanss include at least two groups backing rings 3 and support roller 12, backing ring 3 It is fixed on the outer wall of roller 2, and the axis of backing ring 3 overlaps with the pivot center A of eccentric swing rotary furnace, support The outer peripheral surface of circle 3 contacts support with least one support roller 12, for supporting backing ring 3 to rotate, is set on backing ring 3 It is equipped with balance 15, it is preferable that the mass axis phase of the mass axis of balance 15 and roller 2 Pivot center A to eccentric swing rotary furnace is arranged symmetrically.Eccentric push rod drive device includes telescoping cylinder 19, The quantity of telescoping cylinder 19 is preferably two, is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of roller 2, the expansion link of telescoping cylinder 19 End is hinged with backing ring 3, and the fixing end of telescoping cylinder 19 is hinged with fixed station, two telescoping cylinders 19 it is flexible The vertical radial symmetric of bar and 2 points of relative backing rings 3 that backing ring 3 is hinged, two fixing ends of telescoping cylinder 19 with Two pin joints of fixed station are located in same horizontal line, by two alternatings of the expansion link of telescoping cylinder 19 It is flexible, the reciprocating rotation of backing ring 3 is driven, and then drive the reciprocally swinging of roller 2.Certainly, the number of telescoping cylinder 19 Amount can also be one, three or more.The position of telescoping cylinder 19 according to actual conditions determine, only Ensure that roller 2 being capable of reciprocally swinging.
As shown in figure 14, drive device and the support of the 5th kind of eccentric swing rotary furnace are present embodiments provided Device, drive device is eccentric push rod drive device, and support meanss are support roller support meanss, due to branch Support arrangement uses support roller support meanss, then the combination of the drive device and support meanss is only applicable to outside cylinder Eccentric swing rotary furnace；Wherein, support roller support meanss include at least two groups support frames 17 and support roller 16, It is identical with the support roller support meanss in Figure 10, will not be repeated here.Balance 15 is fixed on support On roller 16, it is preferable that the mass axis of balance 15 swings with the mass axis relative eccentric of roller 2 The pivot center A of rotary furnace is arranged symmetrically.Eccentric push rod drive device includes that body cradle and at least one stretches Cylinder 19, telescoping cylinder 19 is preferably two, is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of roller 2, and body cradle is fixed on support roller On 19, two expansion links of telescoping cylinder 19 are hinged with the two ends of body cradle respectively, are increased by body cradle and turned Square, fixing end and the fixed station of telescoping cylinder 19 are hinged, two fixing ends of telescoping cylinder 19 and the two of fixed station Individual pin joint is located in same horizontal line, flexible by two alternatings of the expansion link of telescoping cylinder 19, is driven The reciprocating rotation of support roller 16, and then drive the reciprocally swinging of roller 2.Certainly, the quantity of telescoping cylinder 19 can be with One, three or more.The position of telescoping cylinder 19 determines according to actual conditions, as long as can protect Card roller 2 being capable of reciprocally swinging.
In the present embodiment, telescoping cylinder 19 can be electric expansion cylinder, hydraulically extensible cylinder or Pneumatic extension cylinder. Telescoping cylinder 19 is connected with control device, and the flexible of telescoping cylinder 19 is controlled by control device, realizes roller 2 Reciprocally swinging.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of specific oscillating control device is the embodiment of the invention provides, including position passes Sensor and electrical control cubicles 9.Wherein, position sensor is fixed in roller 2 or drive device, is rolled for monitoring The radian of the reciprocally swinging of cylinder 2, and send the positional information that roller 2 swings to electrical control cubicles 9；Electrical control cubicles 9 with Position sensor and drive device are connected by wire, and electrical control cubicles 9 are used for the position of receiving position sensor Information, when positional information is the extreme position that roller 2 swings, that is, reaches the one direction full swing of roller 2 During radian, 9 controlled motor of electrical control cubicles 10 changes rotation direction, or electrical control cubicles 9 control stretching for telescoping cylinder 19 Contracting direction, realizes the control reciprocally swinging of roller 2.Temperature sensor 8 and electric heater 20 by wire with Electrical control cubicles 9 are connected.Detection control apparatus and oscillating control device can be integrated in an electrical control cubicles 9, then Temperature sensor 8 is connected by wire with electrical control cubicles 9, and detection control apparatus and oscillating control device can also It is separately set in different equipment.
As long as the reciprocally swinging control and driving to swing type rotary furnace, the control of other forms can be realized Device and drive device can also be used, it is not limited to the structure type cited by the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of gasification of biomass technique, comprises the following steps：
Step S01, material are dried successively, destructive distillation, and pyrolytic reaction occurs, and obtain pyrolysis gas, are pyrolyzed Contain substantial amounts of bio-oil (tar), water vapour and combustion gas in gas, material is warming up to 400~500 DEG C.
There is oxidation reaction in step S02, partial material and oxygen-containing gas, release big calorimetric, make reaction temperature 600~900 DEG C are risen to, part gasification reaction generation combustion gas and charcoal, big portion to material occurs at such a temperature There is cracking reaction generation combustion gas at such a temperature in the bio-oil for being produced in S01 step by step.
Most of bio-oil in step S03, pyrolysis gas is split at 800~1000 DEG C by catalyst Solution, generates combustion gas.
Step S04, the charcoal that will be obtained in above-mentioned steps are separated with pyrolysis gas.
The gasification of biomass technique can be completed within one device, and the tar in pyrolysis gas can be carried out Catalytic pyrolysis, is converted into useful combustion gas and charcoal.
The present embodiment is optimized to gasification of biomass technique, and technique is also including step S05, by oxygenous State medium carries out partition cooling to charcoal isolated in step S04, and oxygen-containing gaseous medium is by charcoal The oxidation reaction of the partial material in step S02 is participated in after heating.The process has reclaimed the waste heat of charcoal, Further increase the thermal efficiency.
Further, in the gasification of biomass technique in the present embodiment, step S05 is also included step S04 In isolated high temperature pyrolysis gas be used to carry out partition heating to the material in step S01, material is carried out Dry and destructive distillation.The step make use of the heat of high temperature pyrolysis gas, further increase the thermal efficiency.
In the present embodiment, gasification of biomass technique also include step S06, to completing partition in step S05 The pyrolysis gas of heating carry out condensation cleaning, the bio-oil of isolated liquid, condensation Heisui River and clean Combustion gas.It is easy to the application and treatment of subsequent handling.
Further, in the present embodiment, gasification of biomass technique also include step S07, by step S06 The condensation Heisui River that middle condensation separation is obtained to step S05 in by oxygen-containing gaseous medium partition cool down height Warm charcoal carries out spraying cooling, generates water vapour, and the water vapour is participated in the high-temperature water gas gasification of charcoal Reaction and the bio-oil catalytic cracking reaction of step S02 and step S03；Or divide condensation in step S06 From the condensation Heisui River for obtaining deep processing is carried out as primary product vinegar liquid.The process can be with secondary using condensation Heisui River, reduces pollution of the discharge in condensation Heisui River to environment.
In order to process the bio-oil that condensation separation in step S06 is obtained, the biomass of the present embodiment Gasification process also includes step S08, and the bio-oil that condensation separation in step S06 is obtained participates in step S02 With the catalytic cracking reaction in step S03, combustion gas is generated, secondary utilization bio-oil improves the product of combustion gas Amount；Or carry out deep adding as the raw material of industry after the bio-oil collection for obtaining condensation separation in step S06 Work is sold outward.
In the present embodiment, in order to better control over the reaction of technique, to the material reaction temperature in step S02 Degree is detected that the temperature control according to detection occurs the amount of the oxygen-containing gas of oxidation reaction with material, with Precise control gasification reaction temperature.
In the present embodiment, when the temperature of charge in step S02 is too low, biomass and oxygen-containing gas are difficult to send out During raw reaction, material is heated by electrically heated mode, when material is heated to biomass self-ignition temperature There is oxidation reaction with oxygen-containing gas, when temperature is further improved, stop electrical heating.Can by electrical heating To improve firing rate, the thermal efficiency is improved.
Gasification of biomass technique is further optimized, the material in step S01 is after completing to dry and in destructive distillation Also include step S011 before：The water vapour produced during by dry materials is pulled out in advance from drying process Come, reduce the water vapour amount for entering subsequent technique.A large amount of water vapours are avoided to be experienced with organic matter or biomass Destructive distillation, the pyroprocess of pyrolytic process simultaneously enter in carbonization gas, so as to reduce organic matter or biology Matter destructive distillation, the energy consumption of pyrolytic process, and the vapour content in carbonization gas is reduced, accordingly subtract The yield of the solidifying black liquor of carbonization air cooling is lacked, has improve the concentration of condensation black liquor, be conducive to condensing black liquor Recycling.
Used as optimization, water vapour in step S011 detaches operation and is in advance：Detection is taken out from drying process The temperature of the gas for coming is separated out, whether the temperature according to gas judges include generation in distillation process in gas Carbonizing gas, then by control pull out come gas flow, reduction with the steam in drying process The amount of the carbonizing gas for coming is pulled out together.
Specifically, it is if what is detected pulls out the temperature of the gas for coming from drying process 100~130 DEG C, then be mostly the water vapour in drying process in explanation gas, if the gas for detecting Temperature range of the temperature more than 100~130 DEG C, then filled into the carbonization gas of distillation process in explanation gas Body, by reduce pull out come gas flow reduction pulled out with the water vapour in distillation process The amount of the carbonizing gas for coming.In order to more accurately judge the composition of the gas for pulling out next, by detection temperature It is set as in the range of 110~120 DEG C.
Concrete application for the gasification of biomass technique is retouched above in biomass gasification equipment State, will not be repeated here.
Biomass gasification equipment in the present invention is completed based on the gasification of biomass technique, other utilization The equipment of the gasification of biomass technique also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, and each embodiment is stressed The difference with other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or use The present invention.Various modifications to these embodiments will be for those skilled in the art aobvious and easy See, generic principles defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, Realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, And it is to fit to the most wide scope consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty.

Claims (36)

1. a kind of biomass gasification equipment, including rotary furnace, it is characterised in that the rotary furnace is swing Formula rotary furnace, the swing type rotary furnace includes：
Roller (2), the discharge end of the feed end higher than the roller (2) of the roller (2) is described In roller (2) by the feed end to the discharge end be followed successively by dryer section (I), retort section (II), Gasification section (III), catalytic pyrolysis section (IV) and gas-solid segregation section (V), catalytic pyrolysis section (IV) Dividing plate (14) is provided with and gas-solid segregation section (V) between, the dividing plate (14) is near the rolling The position of the solid phase area of cylinder (2) is provided with opening；On the gas phase zone barrel of gas solid separation section (V) It is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet (21)；
Drive device, is arranged at the outside of the roller (2), for driving the roller (2) around institute State the pivot center reciprocally swinging of swing type rotary furnace；
Support meanss, are arranged at the outside of the roller (2), for roller described in rotational support (2) Around the pivot center reciprocally swinging of the rotary furnace；
Oscillating control device, is connected with the drive device by wire, for controlling the drive device Action, controls the radian and frequency of the reciprocally swinging of the roller (2).
2. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gasification section (III) Temperature sensor (8), and the temperature sensor (8) are provided with catalytic pyrolysis section (IV) Detection control apparatus with the swing type rotary furnace is connected by wire.
3. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the gasification section (III) And/or electric heater (20), the electric heater (20) and institute are provided with the retort section (II) State the connection of detection control apparatus wire.
4. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the catalytic pyrolysis The electric heater (20) is provided with section (IV).
5. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the electric heater (20) be strip heater, the one kind in microwave applicator, electromagnetic heater or plasma heater Or multiple combinations.
6. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that be arranged at described urging The electric heater (20) changed in cracking section (IV) is the microwave applicator；The microwave applicator leads to The barrel outside that metal waveguide pipe (203) is fixed on catalytic pyrolysis section (IV) is crossed, the metal is led Wave duct (203) is connected with inside the roller (2).
7. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the metal guided wave High temperature resistant wave-permeable layer (202) for separating the metal waveguide pipe is additionally provided with pipe (203).
8. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the roller (2) Interior gas solid separation section (V) is additionally provided with cooling section (VI), the cooling section (VI) and discharge end between The dividing plate (14) is provided between gas solid separation section (V), the cooling section (VI) Cooling jacket (23) is provided with outside barrel, cooling is offered on the outer wall of the cooling jacket (23) and is situated between Matter import and cooling medium outlet (231).
9. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 8, it is characterised in that also include：
The gas access (25) on the solid phase area barrel of the gasification section (III) is arranged on, for institute State in gasification section (III) and be passed through oxygen-containing gas；
It is arranged at the gas distribution tube (24) in the solid phase area of the gasification section (III), the gas point Stringing (24) is connected with the gas access, along its axis on the tube wall of the gas distribution tube (24) Multiple ventholes (241) are offered, the venthole of the gas distribution tube (24) in the solid phase area (241) towards the inwall of the roller (2), and the gas distribution tube (24) in the solid phase area Venthole (241) both sides be additionally provided with baffle plate with the radial direction cross section perpendicular of the gas distribution tube (24) (31), for preventing material from entering the venthole (241).
10. biomass gasification equipment according to claim 9, it is characterised in that also including setting In the valve at the gas access (25) place；The valve be manually-operated gate and/or automatic valve, it is described The aperture of automatic valve is controlled by the detection control apparatus.
11. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the cooling folder Cooling medium in set (23) is gas, and the cooling medium exports (231) and the gasification section (III) Gas access (25) connection on barrel.
12. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 8, it is characterised in that also including setting Heating jacket (19) outside the dryer section (I) and the retort section (II) barrel, it is described to add Position on thermal jacket (19) outer wall near the gasification section (III) is provided with pyrolysis gas import (191), Position on heating jacket (19) outer wall near the feed end is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet (192), Pyrolysis gas outlet (21) on described gas solid separation section (V) barrel is with the heating jacket (19) outward Pyrolysis gas import (191) connection on wall.
13. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 12, it is characterised in that also include：
Combined type purification and condensation device (29), the pyrolysis gas outlet (192) with the heating jacket (19) Connected by movable conduit tube component (5), be provided with combustion gas on the combined type purification and condensation device (29) and go out Mouth, condensation-water drain and tar outlet；
Combustion gas blower fan (28), its import connects with the gas outlet of the combined type purification and condensation device (29) It is logical.
14. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 13, it is characterised in that also including with institute State the charcoal cooler (22) of drawing mechanism (6) connection of swing type rotary furnace, the charcoal cooler (22) It is interior that spray equipment and drain hole are set.
15. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 14, it is characterised in that the charcoal cooling The spray equipment of device (22) passes through condensation with the condensation-water drain of the combined type purification and condensation device (29) Water pump (26) is connected, and steam (vapor) outlet (221) is provided with the charcoal cooler (22)；
Also opened up on the barrel of the dryer section (I) and/or retort section (II) and/or gasification section (III) There is steam inlet (32), the steam inlet (32) is cold with the charcoal by movable conduit tube component (5) But steam (vapor) outlet (221) connection of device (22).
16. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the dryer section (I) and/or tar is offered on the barrel of the retort section (II) and/or the gasification section (III) to enter Mouthful (30), the tar outlet of the combined type purification and condensation device (29) by condense oil pump (27) and Movable conduit tube component (5) connects with the tar entrance (30).
17. biomass gasification equipment according to claim any one of 1-16, it is characterised in that institute State dryer section (I), the retort section (II), the gasification section (III) and the catalytic pyrolysis section (IV) dividing plate (14) is provided between.
In 18. dryer sections (I) and the retort section (II) according to claim any one of 1-17 It is respectively provided with least a dividing plate (14).
19. biomass gasification equipment according to claim any one of 8-17, it is characterised in that institute State catalytic pyrolysis section (IV) and be provided with material rotating plate (7).
20. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 19, it is characterised in that the dryer section (I), the retort section (II), the gasification section (III) and/or the cooling section (VI) are set There is the material rotating plate (7).
21. biomass gasification equipment according to claim any one of 8-17, it is characterised in that institute State dryer section (I), the retort section (II), the gasification section (III), catalytic pyrolysis section And/or the cooling section (VI) is provided with movable chain (13) (IV).
22. biomass gasification equipment according to claim any one of 1-17, it is characterised in that also Including the pressure sensor being arranged on the roller (2), the pressure sensor and swing type rotary furnace Detection control apparatus wire connection.
23. biomass gasification equipment according to claim any one of 1-17, it is characterised in that also Including the steam export mouth (36) being arranged on the gas phase zone barrel of the dryer section (I), the steaming Vapour export mouth (36) is connected by movable conduit tube component (5) with steam condenser (33), the steam The outlet of condenser (33) is connected with air-introduced machine (35).
24. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 23, it is characterised in that also include：
It is arranged at the steam export mouth (36) or connects the jet chimney of the steam export mouth (36) On temperature sensor (8), the temperature for detecting the gas by the steam export mouth (36)；
Be arranged on the jet chimney or the import of the air-introduced machine (35) at regulating valve (34), For adjusting the gas flow passed through from the steam export mouth (36).
25. biomass gasification equipments according to claim 23, it is characterised in that the air-introduced machine (35) it is frequency converting induced draft fan, for adjusting the gas flow passed through from the steam export mouth (36)； Also include being arranged at the steam export mouth (36) or connect the steam pipe of the steam export mouth (36) Temperature sensor (8) on road, the temperature for detecting the gas by the steam export mouth (36).
26. a kind of gasification of biomass techniques, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S01, material are dried successively, destructive distillation, and pyrolytic reaction occurs, and pyrolysis gas are obtained, in pyrolysis gas Containing bio-oil, water vapour and combustion gas, material is warming up to 400~500 DEG C；
There is oxidation reaction in S02, partial material and oxygen-containing gas, release big calorimetric, rise to reaction temperature 600~900 DEG C, at such a temperature gasification reaction generation combustion gas and charcoal, most of institute in part to material there is State the bio-oil produced in step S01 and cracking reaction generation combustion gas occurs at such a temperature；
Most of bio-oil in S03, pyrolysis gas is cracked at 800~1000 DEG C by catalyst, raw Into combustion gas；
S04, charcoal is separated with pyrolysis gas.
27. gasification of biomass techniques according to claim 26, it is characterised in that also including step S05, partition cooling is carried out to charcoal isolated in the step S04 by oxygen-containing gaseous medium, The oxygen-containing gaseous medium participates in the oxygen of the partial material in the step S02 after being heated by the charcoal Change reaction.
28. gasification of biomass techniques according to claim 26, it is characterised in that the step S05 Also include being used for high temperature pyrolysis gas isolated in the step S04 to the thing in the step S01 Material carries out partition heating, material is dried and destructive distillation.
29. gasification of biomass techniques according to claim 28, it is characterised in that also including step S06, the pyrolysis gas to completing partition heating in the step S05 carry out condensation cleaning, isolated liquid Bio-oil, condensation Heisui River and clean combustion gas.
30. gasification of biomass techniques according to claim 28, it is characterised in that also including step S07, the condensation Heisui River that condensation separation in the step S06 is obtained is contained to the process in the step S05 The high-temperature biological charcoal of oxygen gaseous medium partition cooling carries out spraying cooling, water vapour is generated, by the water vapour The bio-oil of the high-temperature water gas gasification reaction and the step S02 and the step S03 that participate in charcoal is urged Change cracking reaction；Or the condensation Heisui River for obtaining condensation separation in the step S06 is used as primary product Carry out deep processing.
31. gasification of biomass techniques according to claim 29, it is characterised in that also including step S08, the bio-oil for obtaining condensation separation in the step S06 participate in the step S02 and the step Catalytic cracking reaction in rapid S03, generates combustion gas；Or obtain condensation separation in the step S06 Bio-oil carry out deep processing as the raw material of industry.
The 32. gasification of biomass technique according to claim any one of 26-31, it is characterised in that right Material reaction temperature in the step S02 is detected that the temperature control according to detection occurs with material The amount of the oxygen-containing gas of oxidation reaction, to control gasification reaction temperature.
33. gasification of biomass techniques according to claim 32, it is characterised in that when the step When temperature of charge in S02 is too low, biomass and oxygen-containing gas are difficult to react, by electrically heated side Formula is heated to material, and oxidation reaction occurs with oxygen-containing gas when material is heated to biomass self-ignition temperature, When temperature is further improved, stop electrical heating.
The 34. gasification of biomass technique according to claim any one of 26-310, it is characterised in that Material in the step S01 also includes step S011 after completing to dry and before destructive distillation：By material The water vapour produced when drying pulls out to come in advance from drying process, reduces the water steaming for entering subsequent technique Vapour amount.
35. gasification of biomass techniques according to claim 34, it is characterised in that the step S011 In water vapour in advance detach operation and be：Detect the temperature that the gas for coming is pulled out from drying process, root Whether judge in gas comprising the carbonizing gas produced in distillation process according to the temperature of gas, taken out by control The flow of the gas for coming is separated out, is reduced and is pulled out next carbonizing gas with the steam in drying process Amount.
36. gasification of biomass techniques according to claim 35, it is characterised in that the step S011 The temperature that middle detection pulls out the gas for coming from drying process is set in 100~130 DEG C.
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CN108822878A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-16 湖南景翌湘台环保高新技术开发有限公司 A kind of anaerobic cracking technology of organic solid waste
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CN108195179A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-06-22 山东琦泉能源科技有限公司 Aeration drying machine and aeration-drying method
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CN108003907A (en) * 2018-01-09 2018-05-08 上海电气集团股份有限公司 The interior cyclic hardening pyrolysis cylinder and its application method of a kind of biomass gasification system
CN108822878A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-16 湖南景翌湘台环保高新技术开发有限公司 A kind of anaerobic cracking technology of organic solid waste
WO2020010675A1 (en) * 2018-07-12 2020-01-16 中国科学院上海高等研究院 Method and device for biomass pyrolysis and low temperature tar removal based on microwave hotspot
CN109439346A (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-03-08 湖南远扬煤机制造有限公司 A kind of Two-way Cycle heat exchange tar separation system
CN109825317A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-31 洛阳建材建筑设计研究院有限公司 A kind of house refuse thermal pyrolysis device and method
CN111218291A (en) * 2020-03-09 2020-06-02 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Pyrolysis, carbonization and catalysis integrated method
WO2021179566A1 (en) * 2020-03-09 2021-09-16 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Biomass pyrolysis and carbonization and catalysis integrated method and device
CN111218291B (en) * 2020-03-09 2021-05-07 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Pyrolysis, carbonization and catalysis integrated method
CN113582763A (en) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-02 中科鼎乾(北京)环保发展有限公司 Method and system for producing high-silicon compound fertilizer by activating coal gangue
CN113582763B (en) * 2021-08-18 2023-02-21 中科鼎乾(北京)环保发展有限公司 Method and system for producing high-silicon compound fertilizer by activating coal gangue
CN114577001A (en) * 2022-03-23 2022-06-03 深圳市弘玮微波技术有限公司 Microwave swinging oven device
CN117490397A (en) * 2023-12-08 2024-02-02 包头市玺骏稀土有限责任公司 Rotary kiln based on rare earth oxide preparation
CN117490397B (en) * 2023-12-08 2024-07-23 包头市玺骏稀土有限责任公司 Rotary kiln based on rare earth oxide preparation

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