CN106802272A - Fracture network anisotropy of permeability is tested and visualization system - Google Patents
Fracture network anisotropy of permeability is tested and visualization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106802272A CN106802272A CN201710147964.2A CN201710147964A CN106802272A CN 106802272 A CN106802272 A CN 106802272A CN 201710147964 A CN201710147964 A CN 201710147964A CN 106802272 A CN106802272 A CN 106802272A
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- fracture networks
- glass plate
- fracture
- seepage
- visualization system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of test of fracture network anisotropy of permeability and visualization system, including three-dimensional head, Fracture Networks module, clipping interface, water seepage weighing system, seepage flow visualization system;Fracture Networks module includes levels glass plate and the glass plate containing Fracture Networks positioned at intermediate layer, aqueduct sequentially passes through the lower glass plates of three-dimensional head and downside and stretches into glass plate containing Fracture Networks, therefore current can carry out seepage flow into glass plate containing Fracture Networks and in Fracture Networks along aqueduct, and seepage flow is collected into water seepage weighing system through clipping interface.Using the system, any form Fracture Networks can be quantitative determined along the infiltration coefficient of different directions, while visual research can also be carried out to the flow event of different directions in Fracture Networks.The system solves the current leakage problem in seepage tests well, while having convenient test, processing is simple, the advantages of with low cost.
Description
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of for Fracture Networks edge in rock mass the present invention relates to network fissuted medium physical experiments field
The test system of different directions infiltration coefficient, and along the visual research method of different directions flow event.
Background technology
There are a large amount of discontinuity surface/cracks in natural rock mass, exist for the rock mass reclaimed water or other of these discontinuity surfaces have
The migration of evil material provides passage, and the seepage characteristic of crack rock plays more and more important effect in rock mass engineering project.
Crack in rock mass engineering project is general in netted, during water or harmful substance produce seepage flow wherein, typically along different directions
Infiltration coefficient and the process of seepage flow be all different.Therefore launch fluid in fracture network infiltration coefficient it is each to different
Property and along the visual research of different directions flow event, the safety for slope project stability and underground (storage) engineering is commented
Estimate and all have great importance.
The patent of invention of Application No. CN201210275148.7 proposes a kind of based on single hole from the angle of theory analysis
The method that water flow fluctuation equation determines anisotropic medium permeability parameters, the method is tried using fissuted medium hydrodynamics and vibration
Principle is tested, energy structure obtains the Coefficient Tensor of Permeability of anisotropic rock mass medium.
The patent of invention of Application No. CN201610064275.0 proposes a kind of oozing for research different angle crack rock
The method of saturating relation between rate and its own porosity, the patent utilization rocks analog material makes the rocks of different angle
Sample, applies confined pressure and changes sample porosity and its permeability is tested, by continuous by the sample to different angle
Change confined pressure, study the sensitivity of the permeability to porosity change of different angle sample.
The difference that the patent of invention of Application No. CN201610065036.7 have studied crack dip in crack rock causes
Permeability change, the patent determines the permeability variation rate of crack rock different directions with Mathematical Method, and to oozing
Saturating rate is standardized with the rate of change at inclination angle, obtains the change of the unit permeation rate that different angle unit change of pitch angle causes
Change amount.
It is above-mentioned in the prior art for the research of hydraulic characteristic(s) in rock mass, research is rock mass infiltration under different operating modes mostly
Relation between the size of rate, or rock mass permeability and other physical parameters (such as crack dip and porosity).But
As the infiltration coefficient for characterizing rock mass hydraulic characteristic, have along the different directions crack infiltration coefficient in crack rock very big
Difference, shows obvious directionality, and different directions infiltration coefficient is studied during fracture network seepage flow
Also it is rarely reported at present.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:For above-mentioned prior art, propose that a kind of fracture network anisotropy of permeability is tested and visual
Change system, can be for carrying out quantitative test, while can be with fine and close fracture network along the infiltration coefficient of different directions
For fluid in Fracture Networks visual research is carried out along the flow event of different directions.
Technical scheme:Fracture network anisotropy of permeability test and visualization system, including three-dimensional head, water source,
Syringe pump, Fracture Networks module, clipping interface, water seepage weighing system, seepage flow visualization system;Wherein, the fracture network
Network module include levels glass plate and the glass plate containing Fracture Networks positioned at intermediate layer, the levels glass plate and
Glass plate containing Fracture Networks is positive n sides shape, and n is even number, and the length of side of the glass plate containing Fracture Networks is more than or equal on described
The length of side of lower glass plates;The three-dimensional head, lower glass plates and the center position containing Fracture Networks glass plate respectively have one
Individual circular hole, the lower surface surrounding of the upper glass plate and the upper surface of lower glass plates are formed around fluid sealant;The crack
Mixed-media network modules mixed-media is horizontally placed on the three-dimensional head, and clipping interface is respectively connected with each edge of the Fracture Networks module,
Each clipping interface wraps a side of the Fracture Networks module, and the clipping interface connects with Fracture Networks module
Tactile edge is equipped with fluid sealant, and the outlet of each clipping interface is all connected with water seepage weighing system;Connected by syringe pump
The aqueduct at water source sequentially passes through three-dimensional head and lower glass plates and stretches into the glass plate containing Fracture Networks, the aqueduct
Sealed between lower glass plates;The seepage flow visualization system is arranged at the surface of the Fracture Networks module.
Further, the water seepage weighing system includes collection vessel, electronic scale and computer, and collection vessel is used to receive
The water that seepage flow goes out in collection Fracture Networks module, collection vessel is placed on electronic scale, and computer is connected for title in real time with electronic scale
Measure and record the quality of water seepage.
Further, the aqueduct connects the water source end and is provided with filter.
Further, including following experimental procedure:
1) Fracture Networks glass plate is made first, is then assembled Fracture Networks module and is connected whole pilot system;
2) Fracture Networks module is adjusted to fully horizontal using three-dimensional head, and utilizes vacuum pumped Fracture Networks mould
Air in block;
3) switch of clipping interface is opened, and opens syringe pump to seepage water is injected in Fracture Networks module, wait to ooze out
After water-carrying capacity stabilization, by the quality that fissure direction water seepage is surveyed in the water seepage weighing system acquisition units time;
4) Mass Calculation according to water seepage in the surveyed fissure direction unit interval goes out Fracture Networks along this different crack side
To infiltration coefficient;
5) water source is changed to coloured dye liquor, is observed by seepage flow visualization system and coloured dye liquor exists in the unit of account time
Along the flow distance of different fissure directions in Fracture Networks module.
Further, the step 1) in, Fracture Networks glass plate is to use high pressure waterjet or glass graduating with cutter on a glass
Draw or physics strike prepares Fracture Networks.
Further, the step 3) in, open one or several clipping interfaces.
Beneficial effect:1st, present invention firstly discloses the quantitative survey for rock cranny Rockmass Permeabuity Coefficient direction Journal of Sex Research
Test system, has filled up conventional technological gap.
2nd, the Fracture Networks module in the present invention solves the leakage problems of current in seepage tests well;While crack
Glass plate containing Fracture Networks in mixed-media network modules mixed-media is easy to make, with low cost.
3rd, glass plate containing Fracture Networks has been well adapted for the diverse problems of research, and crack generation method therein has
Diversity, both can according to research need to carry out it is self-defined, can according to the image zooming-out of engineering site, can also be by random
Monte carlo method automatically generate, change, such as crack the need for the parameters in corresponding crack are also dependent on research
Inclination angle, mark long, aperture, roughness and distributing position etc., can be directed to different test objectives and make accordingly containing Fracture Networks
Glass Slab, pilot system remainder is reusable, enhances the scope of application of test system.
4th, the visualization system constituted using high accuracy CCD camera and computer has shooting speed fast, and the precision of images is high,
The characteristics of imaging clearly, be that experimental phenomena record and process of the test contrast provide new technological means.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that Fracture Networks anisotropy of permeability is tested and visualization system;
Fig. 2 is Fracture Networks module;
Fig. 3 is can clipping interface.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is done below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings further is explained.
As shown in figure 1, the test of fracture network infiltration coefficient directionality and visualization system include three-dimensional head 1, water
Source 2, syringe pump 4, Fracture Networks module 5, clipping interface 6, water seepage weighing system 7, seepage flow visualization system 11.
As shown in Fig. 2 Fracture Networks module 5 includes levels glass plate 14,16 and positioned at intermediate layer containing fracture network
The glass plate 15 of network, levels glass plate 14,16 clamps the glass plate 15 containing Fracture Networks from upper and lower both sides respectively.Levels glass
Glass plate 14,16 and the glass plate 15 containing Fracture Networks are positive n sides shape, and n is even number, the side of the glass plate 15 containing Fracture Networks
The length of side for being equal or slightly larger than levels glass plate 14,16 long.The lower surface surrounding and lower glass plates 16 of upper glass plate 14
Upper surface be formed around fluid sealant, triplex glass level is stacked and just to setting, fluid sealant realizes the whole of Fracture Networks module
Body waterproof, i.e., when sillar is very fine and close, network model of fissuration thinks that sillar is waterproof in itself.The three of composition Fracture Networks module 5
Block glass plate is positive n sides shape, and side number n can change according to test requirements document, and n values are more big, the Fracture Networks infiltration coefficient for obtaining
Direction density it is bigger;Levels glass plate 14,16 and the glass plate 15 containing Fracture Networks are positive 6 side in the present embodiment
Shape.Due to the infiltration coefficient of the infiltration coefficient much smaller than crack of rock matrix itself, therefore utilize glass plate containing Fracture Networks 15
Rock mass of the simulation containing Fracture Networks, the glass material simulation less rock matrix of infiltration coefficient.
Fracture Networks module 5 is horizontally placed on three-dimensional head 1, and one is respectively connected with each edge of Fracture Networks module 5
Clipping interface 6, each clipping interface 6 wraps a side of Fracture Networks module 5, clipping interface 6 and fracture network
The edge of the contact of network module 5 is equipped with fluid sealant.When the length of side of the glass plate 15 containing Fracture Networks is slightly larger than levels glass plate
During 14,16 length of side, the portion of the edge of glass plate containing Fracture Networks 15 protrusion can be more easily clamped using clipping interface 6
Point, it can reach better seal effect.
The center position of three-dimensional head 1, lower glass plates 16 and glass plate containing Fracture Networks 15 respectively has a circular hole, leads to
The aqueduct 18 for crossing the connection of syringe pump 4 water source 2 sequentially passes through three-dimensional head 1 and lower glass plates 16 and stretches into glass containing Fracture Networks
Glass plate 15, seals between aqueduct 18 and lower glass plates 16.The connection of aqueduct 18 end of water source 2 is provided with filter 3, filtering dress
The effect for putting 3 is that the impurity in water source is filtered, and prevents impurity from blocking crack after entering Fracture Networks.Each is clipping
The outlet of interface 6 is all connected with water seepage weighing system 7, and seepage flow visualization system 11 is arranged at the surface of Fracture Networks module 5.
Water seepage weighing system 7 includes collection vessel 8, electronic scale 9 and computer 10, and collection vessel 8 is used to collect crack
The water that seepage flow goes out in mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5, collection vessel 8 is placed on electronic scale 9, and computer 10 is connected for title in real time with electronic scale 9
Measure and record the quality of water seepage.
As Fig. 3 clip inside be hollow structure, outside in addition to clip oral area remainder good seal, with oral area phase
To side pass through the external aqueduct of preformed hole, it is possible to achieve fracture seepage flows into from after being collected through clipping interface 6 and weighs and be
System.
Based on the test of above-mentioned fracture network anisotropy of permeability and visualization system, including following experimental procedure:
1) make Fracture Networks glass plate 15 first, that is, make hexagon glass plate containing Fracture Networks needed for experiment and
Two pieces of hexagon glass plates, then assemble Fracture Networks module 5 and connect whole pilot system.Wherein, Fracture Networks glass plate
15 is to be portrayed with high pressure waterjet or glass cutter on a glass or physics strike prepares Fracture Networks, and Fracture Networks are thick along it
Degree direction be completely through, for simulating the Fracture Networks in rock mass.Fracture Networks be need to carry out according to research it is self-defined
, can be according to engineering site it is image zooming-out, can also be automatically generated by random method.Corresponding crack
Parameters can also change according to the need for research, such as the inclination angle in crack, mark long, aperture, roughness and distribution position
Put.
2) Fracture Networks module 5 is adjusted to fully horizontal, so as to exclude current gravity be tied to experiment using three-dimensional head 1
The influence of fruit;And using the air in vacuum pumped Fracture Networks module 5, prevent water during seepage flow in Fracture Networks
Produce aeration result of the test;
3) switch of all clipping interfaces 6 is opened, and opens syringe pump 4 to injecting seepage water in Fracture Networks module 5,
Current can carry out seepage flow into glass plate containing Fracture Networks 15 and in Fracture Networks along aqueduct 18;Water flow for seep is steady
After fixed, by the quality that fissure direction water seepage is surveyed in the acquisition units time of water seepage weighing system 7;
4) syringe pump is closed after certain hour, the Mass Calculation according to water seepage in the surveyed fissure direction unit interval goes out to split
Gap network along this different fissure direction infiltration coefficient;
5) water source 2 is changed to coloured dye liquor, is again turned on syringe pump 4 to coloured dye liquor is injected in Fracture Networks module, led to
Cross seepage flow visualization system 11 observation and the unit of account time in coloured dye liquor in Fracture Networks module 5 along different fissure directions
Flow distance.Seepage flow visualization system 11 includes high accuracy CCD camera 12 and computer 13, by high accuracy CCD camera 12
The surface of crack mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5 is taken pictures according to certain frequency, can be with by carrying out to the photo for obtaining image procossing
Flow distance of the current in crack in intervals is calculated, flow distance is bigger, then show the infiltration in direction crack
Coefficient is bigger.Using the method, be capable of achieving to fluid in fracture network along the infiltration coefficient of different crack flow process
Anisotropic observation directly perceived, realizes Fracture Networks flow event anisotropy visual research.The concentration of coloured dye liquor should be wanted
Smoothly can pass through from Fracture Networks, the present embodiment chooses the orcein dye of 0.5g/L.
In above-mentioned experimental procedure, can adjust step 3) in clipping interface 6 open quantity, with this Research Characteristics direction
Crack infiltration coefficient.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. fracture network anisotropy of permeability is tested and visualization system, it is characterised in that:Including three-dimensional head (1), water
Source (2), syringe pump (4), Fracture Networks module (5), clipping interface (6), water seepage weighing system (7), seepage flow visualization system
System (11);Wherein, the Fracture Networks module (5) including levels glass plate (14,16) and positioned at intermediate layer containing crack
The glass plate (15) of network, the levels glass plate (14,16) and the glass plate (15) containing Fracture Networks are positive n sides
Shape, n is even number, the length of side of the length of side more than or equal to the levels glass plate (14,16) of the glass plate (15) containing Fracture Networks;
The center position of the three-dimensional head (1), lower glass plates (16) and glass plate containing Fracture Networks (15) respectively has a circular hole,
The lower surface surrounding of the upper glass plate (14) and the upper surface of lower glass plates (16) are formed around fluid sealant;The crack
Mixed-media network modules mixed-media (5) is horizontally placed on the three-dimensional head (1), and folder is respectively connected with each edge of the Fracture Networks module (5)
Formula interface (6) is held, each clipping interface (6) wraps a side of the Fracture Networks module (5), it is described clipping to connect
The edge that mouth (6) is contacted with Fracture Networks module (5) is equipped with fluid sealant, and the outlet of each clipping interface (6) is all connected with oozing
Water outlet weighing system (7);The aqueduct (18) for connecting water source (2) by syringe pump (4) sequentially passes through three-dimensional head (1) and lower floor
Glass plate (16) simultaneously stretches into the glass plate containing Fracture Networks (15), close between the aqueduct (18) and lower glass plates (16)
Envelope;The seepage flow visualization system (11) is arranged at the surface of the Fracture Networks module (5).
2. fracture network anisotropy of permeability according to claim 1 is tested and visualization system, it is characterised in that:
The water seepage weighing system (7) includes collection vessel (8), electronic scale (9) and computer (10), and collection vessel (8) is for receiving
The water that seepage flow goes out in collection Fracture Networks module (5), collection vessel (8) is placed on electronic scale (9), computer (10) and electronic scale
(9) it is connected for weighing in real time and records the quality of water seepage.
3. fracture network anisotropy of permeability according to claim 1 is tested and visualization system, it is characterised in that:
The aqueduct (18) connects water source (2) end and is provided with filter (3).
4. fracture network anisotropy of permeability is tested and visualization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that bag
Include following experimental procedure:
1) Fracture Networks glass plate (15) are made first, are then assembled Fracture Networks module (5) and are connected whole pilot system;
2) Fracture Networks module (5) is adjusted to fully horizontal using three-dimensional head (1), and utilizes vacuum pumped Fracture Networks
Air in module (5);
3) switch of clipping interface (6) is opened, and opens syringe pump (4) to injection seepage water in Fracture Networks module (5), treated
After water seepage stability of flow, by the quality that fissure direction water seepage is surveyed in water seepage weighing system (7) the acquisition units time;
4) Mass Calculation according to water seepage in the surveyed fissure direction unit interval goes out Fracture Networks along this different fissure direction
Infiltration coefficient;
5) water source (2) are changed to coloured dye liquor, are observed by seepage flow visualization system (11) and coloured dye in the unit of account time
Liquid is in Fracture Networks module (5) along the flow distance of different fissure directions.
5. fracture network infiltration coefficient directionality is tested and visualization system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
The step 1) in, Fracture Networks glass plate (15) is to be portrayed with high pressure waterjet or glass cutter on a glass or physics strike system
It is standby to obtain Fracture Networks.
6. fracture network infiltration coefficient directionality is tested and visualization system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
The step 3) in, open one or several clipping interfaces (6).
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CN108037057A (en) * | 2017-12-10 | 2018-05-15 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of experimental provision for observing fluid flowing law in Fracture Networks model |
CN108051349A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-18 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of visual Single Fracture permeability dimensional effect testing equipment and method |
CN109668926A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-23 | 中国矿业大学 | The Equivalent Thermal Conductivities test macro and calculation method of crack rock cellular construction |
CN110160936A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-23 | 四川大学 | Complexity based on 3D printing divides shape crack multiple coupling seepage flow experiment system and method |
CN111638169A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rock three-dimensional fracture network seepage distribution testing system and method |
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LU500448A1 (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-01-20 | Univ China Mining | Device and method for shear and two-phase flow test of fracture network |
CN113702246A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-26 | 河海大学 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for pollutant migration in filling fracture network |
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