CN106798613B - 一种具有抗菌、防潮作用的婴儿尿不湿 - Google Patents

一种具有抗菌、防潮作用的婴儿尿不湿 Download PDF

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CN106798613B
CN106798613B CN201710143810.6A CN201710143810A CN106798613B CN 106798613 B CN106798613 B CN 106798613B CN 201710143810 A CN201710143810 A CN 201710143810A CN 106798613 B CN106798613 B CN 106798613B
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尤学敏
雷东云
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You Xuemin
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Abstract

本发明提供一种具有抗菌、防潮作用的婴儿尿不湿。通过在尿不湿的皮肤接触面上通过开设无数小孔和无数均匀分布的凸起物，增加了空气的流动，提高了水分的透过和散失，从而提高了皮肤接触面附近的干爽感；另外，在皮肤接触面上覆盖了抗菌肽，使得尿不湿能够杀菌抑菌，从而更加有效的预防儿童皮肤病特别是尿布疹的发生。本发明制备简单，成本低廉，便于大面积推广使用，具有较好的市场前景。

Description

一种具有抗菌、防潮作用的婴儿尿不湿
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有抗菌、防潮作用的婴儿尿不湿，涉及日常生活用品。
背景技术
尿布是婴儿必需的生活用品，一次性尿布，是近来逐渐普及使用的新产品它是由无纺布包裹吸水性材料构成。具有舒适安全，便于携带且吸水量大。使用时间长等优点。然而，由于所用材料无抗菌功能，虽然在生产过程中经过严格消毒但在使用中仍会感染细菌，特别是婴儿皮肤细嫩，极易产生尿布皮炎症。
尿布疹是小儿常见的急诊，尤多见于婴幼儿。婴儿的皮肤极为娇嫩，若长期浸泡在尿液中或因尿布密不透风而潮湿的话，臀部常会出现红色的小疹子或皮肤变得比较粗糙，称做“尿布疹”或“红屁股”。如果婴儿长时间裹湿尿布或脏尿布，皮肤就会受到刺激，形成尿布疹。虽然大部分婴儿可患此病，但有些孩子对尿布疹的敏感性要比另一些孩子高。如果婴儿的屁股上有发痒的红色肿块，可能就是得了尿布疹。早产低体重儿，配方奶粉喂养的婴儿，腹泻婴儿及刚开始添加辅食婴儿更易发生尿布疹。
导致尿布疹的原因有很多，有可能是由于一种新的食物，也有可能是宝宝自己的尿液所引起的。下面是一些最主要的原因：1、潮湿：就算是吸收性最强的尿裤也会使一些尿液留在宝宝娇嫩的皮肤上。当宝宝的尿液和粪便中的细菌结合在一起，它们会分解、形成带有刺激性的氨。如果宝宝裹脏尿片的时间太长，会很容易长尿布疹；但对敏感性皮肤的宝宝来说，就算是爸爸、妈妈经常为他换尿布，他也还是有可能会长尿布疹的。2、摩擦或对化学物质敏感：宝宝出尿布疹也可能是因为尿布摩擦他的皮肤引起的，如直接接触皮肤的纸尿裤，目前日本产的纸尿裤在面料选择上比较注重舒适度，价格较高，原料无刺激，纤维细，面部肌肤摩擦时非常舒适，无针刺感，这也可以作为家长选择纸尿裤的一项重要指标。应尽量避免使用含有香精的纸尿裤，特别是当宝宝对一次性纸尿裤所用的芳香剂或清洗棉质尿布的洗涤剂等化学物质格外敏感时。另外，也有可能是因为你给宝宝用的护肤乳液或爽身粉并不适合宝宝娇嫩的皮肤所导致的。3、新食物：宝宝开始添加辅食，或尝试一种新食品时，长尿布疹是很普遍的现象。任何新的食物都会使宝宝粪便的成分发生改变，也会增加宝宝的排便。如果你的宝宝是进行母乳喂养的，那他的皮肤甚至还会对你吃的某些东西有所反应。4、感染：宝宝裹着尿布的区域温暖而潮湿，正好适合细菌和霉菌生长。所以细菌或霉菌感染很容易在那些地方出现，并导致尿布疹，特别是在宝宝皮肤开裂或有褶皱的部位。5、尿布粗糙吸水性差：尿布粗糙吸水性差。有些父母没有认识到孩子的皮肤特别娇嫩，所准备的尿布粗糙、或用化纤布做成的，吸水性能特别差，使局部皮肤更潮湿；在擦拭臀部时，由于动作粗暴及尿布粗硬，使皮肤损伤，继而在潮湿刺激环境下更容易发生红臀。
申请公布号CN 103239570 A的中国专利公开了一种治疗小儿尿布疹的中药膏剂，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：珍珠粉10-20份、野菊花10-20份、滑石粉10-20份、白鲜皮10-20份、连翘5-15份、蛇床子5-15份、紫苏叶5-15份、积雪草8-20份、七星剑2-8份、紫草5-15份、黄柏5-15份、黄芩5-15份、白术5-15份。申请公布号CN 103690664 A(申请号201310609289.2)的中国专利公开了一种治疗新生儿尿布疹的外用中药，其特征在于原料药由如下质量份数的组分组成：硫磺18-22份、苦参20-30份、生大黄17-25份、积雪草25-35份。但是该方法使用了大量的中草药，成分复杂，成本也高，并不适宜大面积的推广使用。
而且市场上常见的治疗尿布疹的大多为激素类药膏和一些洗剂，容易对新生儿皮肤造成刺激，给婴儿带来痛苦。
发明内容
本发明为了解决婴儿尿布疹的技术问题，提供了一种全新的尿不湿，该尿不湿含有包括有边缘结合于一起并共同围装成袋体结构的导湿层(1)和防水层(2)，导湿层(1)与防水层(2)之间设置有吸水层(3)，导湿层(1)的外表面设置有软质贴合层(4)，其中软质贴合层表面均匀分布的1mm*1mm小孔以及均匀分布的
0.5mm*0.5mm的凸起物，其特征在于尿布与皮肤接触的使用面是由抗菌肽包覆制成的抗菌无纺布构成。
本发明另外提供一种抗菌肽，所述抗菌肽的序列如SEQ ID NO：1-11任一所示。所述抗菌肽为申请人在前期通过大量实验优化筛选获得的。其名称分别为NS-1～11，与SEQID NO：1-11相对应。所述抗菌肽可以采用人工合成或者原核表达的形式进行生产，该生产技术已经是现有技术，在此不一一赘述。
本发明另外提供一种抗菌肽包覆制成抗菌无纺布的方法，取SEQ ID NO：1-11任一所示的抗菌肽0.1克溶解在已稀释至1.7％的聚氨酯溶液500克中，然后将无纺布面料浸在上述溶液中，浴比为1:50，室温浸10分钟，二浸二轧，轧余率100，然后预烘(60℃,20分钟)，焙烘(90℃,20分钟)，清水浸洗10分钟，晾干，即得含抗菌肽的无纺布面料，即为软质贴合层(4)。
其中抗菌肽的涂层厚度为0.1-1.0微米。
本发明另外提供一种抗菌性测试方法，取直径为1厘米的含抗菌肽的涂层面料和未涂层面料，紫外照射灭菌(照射时间为30分钟)，无菌水浸润；将样品分别放至无菌细胞培养皿中，随后各加入50微升细菌培养液(106CFU/毫升)，并在37℃恒温箱中培养2小时；向培养皿中各加入1毫升磷酸缓冲液，并用超声波清洗((64kHz,2分钟)，然后各取50微升梯度稀释，把50微升不同稀释度的细菌缓冲液加到培养皿中，用涂布棒将菌液均匀涂布在固体琼脂培养基上，并置于37℃恒温箱中培养24小时；根据固体琼脂培养基上菌落的数目来计算样品的抗菌能力。
有益效果
本发明提供在尿不湿的皮肤接触面上通过开设无数小孔和无数均匀分布的凸起物，增加了空气的流动，提高了水分的透过和散失，从而提高了皮肤接触面附近的干爽感；另外，在皮肤接触面上覆盖了抗菌肽，使得尿不湿能够杀菌抑菌，从而更加有效的预防儿童皮肤病特别是尿布疹的发生。本发明制备简单，成本低廉，便于大面积推广使用，是儿童的福音。
附图说明
图1是尿不湿结构示意图；其中(1)是导湿层；(2)是防水层；(3)是吸水层，(4)是软质贴合层；
图2是软质贴合层的平面示意图。其中，白色为空洞，黑色为凸点。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例对本发明进行说明，但是实施例只是列举，并不能局限本发明的保护范围。
实施例1抗菌肽无纺布的制备
本发明利用多肽合成仪采用固相合成法合成抗菌肽SEQ ID NO:1-11。具体方法在此不一一赘述，已经是现有技术。
取SEQ ID NO：1所示的抗菌肽0.01克溶解在已稀释至1.7％的聚氨酯溶液50克中，然后将无纺布面料(所述面料已经做好打孔和增加凸点的前期工作(凸点的材料为食品级PVC材料)，该技术也是现有技术可以操作的)浸在上述溶液中，浴比为1:50，室温浸10分钟，二浸二轧，轧余率100，然后预烘60℃,20分钟，焙烘90℃,20分钟，清水浸洗10分钟，晾干，即得含抗菌肽的无纺布面料。通过检测，其中抗菌肽的涂层厚度为0.55微米。命名为NS-1无纺布。
SEQ ID NO：2-11的抗菌肽也采用类似的方法分别也制备得到相应的抗菌肽无纺布面料，分别命名为NS-2～11无纺布。
以现有技术的
Phe-Lys-Ile-Gly-Gly-Phe-Ile-Lys-Lys-Leu-Trp-Arg-Ser-Leu-Leu-Ala抗菌肽作为平行对照。也制备得到相应的无纺布。
实施例2抗菌性检测
抗菌性测试方法，取直径为1厘米的含抗菌肽的涂层面料和未涂层面料，紫外照射灭菌(照射时间为30分钟)，无菌水浸润；将样品分别放至无菌细胞培养皿中，随后各加入50微升细菌培养液(106CFU/毫升)，并在37℃恒温箱中培养2小时；向培养皿中各加入1毫升磷酸缓冲液，并用超声波清洗((64kHz,2分钟)，然后各取50微升梯度稀释，把50微升不同稀释度的细菌缓冲液加到培养皿中，用涂布棒将菌液均匀涂布在固体琼脂培养基上，并置于37℃恒温箱中培养24小时；根据固体琼脂培养基上菌落的数目来计算样品的抗菌能力。选择稀释度为200个单菌落的平板作为检测对象，设置3组平行样，取3组平均菌落个数作为最后的数值。其中病原菌分别为：大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、副大肠杆菌、克雷白杆菌、粪链球菌及金黄色葡萄球菌，具体结果如下，实验发现，3组平行样本，P值菌<0.05,具有统计学意义。以无抗菌肽的无纺布作为空白对照。表1为200个单菌落涂布培养24小时之后单菌落计数的结果。
Figure BDA0001243608460000051
Figure BDA0001243608460000061
从表1的结果可以看出，本发明提供的11个抗菌肽菌具有较好的抑制婴儿常见病原菌的作用，而且比现有技术的抗菌肽的抑制效果也要好，表现出了较好的特性。
实施例3抗菌肽安全性验证
将本发明的抗菌肽采用本领域常规的OD414测量的方法进行溶血性测定，见(表2)。
表2抗菌肽溶血性
500微克/mL的添加量计算 OD<sub>414nm</sub>值
NS-1肽 1.012
NS-2肽 1.023
NS-3肽 1.034
NS-4肽 1.035
NS-5肽 1.040
NS-6肽 1.031
NS-7肽 1.029
NS-8肽 1.035
NS-9肽 1.032
NS-10肽 1.025
NS-11肽 1.024
2％Triton X-100 4.063
空白PBS 0.520
实验表明(表2):在使用的最大浓度下下，本发明所述抗菌肽的溶血性检查的OD414nm均小于2％Triton X-100引起的溶血效果，即使高浓度的抗菌肽对红细胞也几乎没有破坏作用，即基本没有溶血作用，因此，使用本发明的抗菌肽安全性较好。
实施例4尿不湿实际使用验证
将本发明实施例1制备的到抗菌肽无纺布与边缘结合于一起并共同围装成袋体结构的导湿层(1)、防水层(2)、吸水层(3)，以及软质贴合层(4)按照图1的顺序贴合好，其中软质贴合层表面均匀分布的1mm*1mm小孔以及均匀分布的0.5mm*0.5mm的凸起物。每一个种类的抗菌肽尿不湿均由30个志愿者连续使用1周。一周后检测其尿道周围皮肤，均没有发现尿布疹的发生，具有较好的应用效果。
另外，为了验证本发明透水性和透气性的优势，本发明通过模拟婴儿小便100mL喷洒于尿不湿表面，等待相同的时间10min，取软质贴合层，测量其表面含水量，以不含有表面凸起和小孔的尿不湿作为对照，结果如下表3所示：
含水量
NS-1尿不湿 3.5％
NS-2尿不湿 4.6％
NS-3尿不湿 4.7％
NS-4尿不湿 3.9％
NS-5尿不湿 4.0％
NS-6尿不湿 4.1％
NS-7尿不湿 5.0％
NS-8尿不湿 3.6％
NS-9尿不湿 4.4％
NS-10尿不湿 4.7％
NS-11尿不湿 4.6％
对照尿不湿 23.6％
从表3的结果可以看出，本发明提供的尿不湿具有较好的透水性和透气性，能够保持表面的干爽感，让使用者感官更加舒服。
最后，还需要注意的是，以上列举的仅是本发明的具体实施例子。显然，本发明不限于以上实施例子，还可以有许多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形，均应认为是本发明的保护范围。
序列表
〈110〉南昌青囊中医药有限责任公司
〈120〉一种具有抗菌、防潮作用的尿不湿
〈160〉11
〈210〉1
〈211〉27
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-1
RQCGYQGRQNVPYSTWFHWCMWSNPWP
〈210〉2
〈211〉28
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-2
RCQFDTHGWGISDHCDCWFHHGPWDVSP
〈210〉3
〈211〉29
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-3
EARTLDEPHQYEFDDCSMHRGCRPSKSKV
〈210〉4
〈211〉27
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-4
YHDVQNCEHHARIDHTYSKYYGFRFSY
〈210〉5
〈211〉28
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-5
KAVSSKQTLSTCVQGMSPKIMSMGPWSQ
〈210〉6
〈211〉27
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-6
YHIFDDRMGDICEDRQLQYKQWAMVYG
〈210〉7
〈211〉27
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-7
QQPHWSHERREHAMYRSNAWRACQDSN
〈210〉8
〈211〉30
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-8
HGQWLEDLWDSMIKSQRCFHNPPWHGQHWL
〈210〉9
〈211〉28
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-9
WQPRGDGGPHCNQFIHIRNPEDSGHNVR
〈210〉10
〈211〉27
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-10
IHYQHWRHPHPEILHSKCKQQWYNRTP
〈210〉11
〈211〉28
〈212〉PRT
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NS-11
GLTGFQSPHVQDSIAHAHWNRAHAEQRV

Claims (3)

1.一种杀菌、防潮的尿不湿，其特征在于：该尿不湿包括有边缘结合于一起并共同围装成袋体结构的导湿层(1)和防水层(2)，导湿层(1)与防水层(2)之间设置有吸水层(3)，导湿层(1)的外表面设置有软质贴合层(4)，其特征在于：其中软质贴合层表面均匀分布有1mm*1mm小孔和均匀分布有0.5mm*0.5mm的凸起物，尿不湿与皮肤接触的软质贴合层是由抗菌肽包覆制成的抗菌无纺布构成，所述的抗菌肽序列如SEQ ID NO：1所示。
2.一种抗菌肽，其特征在于：其序列如SEQ ID NO：1所示。
3.权利要求2所述的抗菌肽在制备抗菌的尿不湿中的用途，其特征在于：其中尿不湿的软质贴合层表面均匀分布有1mm*1mm小孔以及均匀分布有0.5mm*0.5mm的凸起物，尿不湿与皮肤接触的软质贴合层是由抗菌肽包覆制成的抗菌无纺布构成。
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