CN106797999A - A kind of plant source composite preservative and its preparation method and the purposes in prawn is fresh-keeping - Google Patents
A kind of plant source composite preservative and its preparation method and the purposes in prawn is fresh-keeping Download PDFInfo
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- CN106797999A CN106797999A CN201710034659.2A CN201710034659A CN106797999A CN 106797999 A CN106797999 A CN 106797999A CN 201710034659 A CN201710034659 A CN 201710034659A CN 106797999 A CN106797999 A CN 106797999A
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- plant source
- composite preservative
- source composite
- dry powder
- root
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/14—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12
- A23B4/18—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B4/20—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plant source composite preservative and its preparation method and the purposes in prawn is fresh-keeping, its preparation method is comprised the following steps：To be crushed after galangal, mountain Shen, root of large-flowered skullcap drying, after being extracted through alcohol steep and ultrasound, be concentrated to give extraction concentrated liquor；Galangal extracts concentrated liquor and is isolated and purified with HPD600 macroreticular resins, and the extraction concentrated liquor of mountain Shen and the root of large-flowered skullcap is isolated and purified with the macroreticular resins of AB 8；Concentrated liquor dry method loading will be extracted, will then be eluted, collect the eluent of 60% and 80% ethanol solution, merged, freeze-drying will obtain dry powder；By mountain Shen dry powder, galangal dry powder and root of large-flowered skullcap dry powder in mass ratio 1.00:1.00:(0.67 2.00) mix, obtain plant source composite preservative.Galangal, hill gooseberry and the root of large-flowered skullcap are China's frequently seen plants resource, containing various bioactivators, can produce antibacterial bacteriostatic effect of wide spectrum, therefore with researching and developing into the potentiality of green plants antisepsis antistaling agent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological preservation field, and in particular to a kind of plant source composite preservative and its preparation method and prawn protect
Purposes in fresh.
Background technology
Aquatic livestock refers to being grown in water, animal having the wild of economic worth or cultivation to the mankind.China
Aquatic livestock resource is enriched very much, except fish, various aquatic products such as also miscellaneous shrimp, crab, sea cucumber, clam, oyster.
Shrimp, crab belong to arthropod, and clam, oyster belong to mollusk.
Aquatic products can be divided into according to water quality whether there is salt component：1. salinity is had, the aquatic products grown under salt water environment.Such as
Ocean, the aquatic products of salt water lake growth；2. the aquatic products for being grown under fresh water environment without salinity.Such as rivers and lakes, Jiang Liu, reservoir.Nothing
By being seawater, or freshwater fish, mainly include 5 major class aquatic products：Fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish, algae.
Under unique living environment, seafood and its byproduct are in transport, sale and during preserving easily by bacterium sense
Dye, causes aquatic products putrid and deteriorated.
Existing seafood freshing means are mainly deepfreeze and chemical synthesis preservative anti-corrosive fresh-keeping.The disadvantage of deepfreeze
End is the quality and local flavor for changing product, is not popular inclination；And after chemical synthesis preservative is by human intake, human body is made
Into harmful effect.Therefore, the bio-preservative of natural nuisance-free is increasingly favored.
Bio-preservative is referred to the natural of the extraction from animals and plants, microorganism or is transformed using biotechnology and obtained
Antistaling agent safe to the human body.Bio-preservative can be divided into according to source：The life of plant source, animal sources, microbial source and enzyme
Thing antistaling agent, also complex biological preservative.
The Fresh Keeping Mechanics of bio-preservative：1. contain antibacterial substance, suppress or kill the spoilage organisms in aquatic products, subtract
The rising of slow TVB-N values, keeps the freshness of aquatic products.2. antioxidation, prevents the oxidation such as unrighted acid in aquatic products
Cause quality deterioration.3. the activity of inhibitory enzyme, prevents the discoloration of aquatic products, it is ensured that good organoleptic quality.4. one layer of guarantor is formed
Cuticula, prevents microorganism pollution, reduces aquatic products moisture loss, keeps aquatic products quality.
Now, put into production using it is most be plant antistaling agent, one because China's floristics is various is easy to get.Two are
Because containing the material with antibacterial benefit such as anthocyanin class, flavonoids, phenolic acid class in most plants body.Three because extract
The maturation of isolation technics, the extraction that antibacterial substance can be effectively ensured is separated.
The main antipathogenic composition of generally existing is anthocyanin class, flavonoids, flavanol compound, phenolic acid class, alkaloid in plant
Class and sterol, wherein anthocyanin class, flavonoids, flavanol compound, phenolic acid class belong to polyphenols.Natural activity polyphenol tool is more
Bioactivity is planted, in the aspects such as medical treatment, food and daily chemical products tool significant application value.Research finds that polyphenols can prevent
Some chronic diseases, such as high fat of blood, diabetes, nerve degenerative diseases, cancer and angiocardiopathy, these effects give the credit to
The ability of its inoxidizability, radical scavenging activity, the property of chelated metal ions and the different enzymatic activitys of suppression.
Flavones ingredient is the main component of polyphenol, is widely present in plant, is combined into flavonoid glycoside with glucosides mostly, its
Basic framework is 6C-3C-6C, is often accompanied by the substitution base such as hydroxyl, methoxyl group, methyl and isopentene group, and diversified substitution base makes
Flavones ingredient has multiple biological activities.Non- flavones ingredient in polyphenol, such as gallic acid and former catechin, are respectively provided with good
Good antibacterial bacteriostatic effectiveness.
The content of the invention
Primary and foremost purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of plant source composite preservative, and the method extracts Gao Liang
, to prepare composite plant antistaling agent, simple to operate, recovery rate is high, cost for ginger, three kinds of antipathogenic compositions of plant of mountain Shen and the root of large-flowered skullcap
It is low.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the plant source composite preservative as obtained in the above method, the antistaling agent is antibacterial
Effect is good, Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution, is a class green product.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide application of the above-mentioned antistaling agent in prawn is fresh-keeping.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of preparation method of plant source composite preservative, comprises the following steps：
(1) will be crushed after galangal, mountain Shen, root of large-flowered skullcap drying, be separately added into ethanol solution extraction more than 24h, Ran Houzai
Ultrasound extraction more than 2h is carried out, extract solution is obtained；The extraction process is repeated 3-5 times, merges extract solution, is filtrated to get filtrate, will
Three kinds of extraction concentrated liquors of raw material are obtained after filtrate concentration；
The concentration preferably 70% (V/V) of step (1) described ethanol solution；
Ultrasound extraction described in step (1), power is 250-500W, 45-60 DEG C of temperature；
(2) galangal extracts concentrated liquor and is isolated and purified with HPD600 macroreticular resins, and the extract solution of mountain Shen and the root of large-flowered skullcap is dense
Contracting liquid is isolated and purified with AB-8 macroreticular resins；By three kinds of extraction concentrated liquor dry method loadings of raw material, distilled water is then used successively,
The ethanol solution wash-out of 20% (V/V), 40% (V/V), 60% (V/V) and 80% (V/V), distilled water and every kind of ethanol solution are washed
Take off to eluent it is colourless, collect the eluent of 60% (V/V) and 80% (V/V) ethanol solution, merging is carried out cold after concentration
It is lyophilized dry, obtain the corresponding dry powder of three kinds of raw materials；
Concentration described in step (1) and (2) is concentrated under reduced pressure, is preferably carried out at vacuum 65-75kPa, 45-60 DEG C；
Dry powder described in step (2), moisture is less than 5% (mass volume ratio)；
(3) by mountain Shen dry powder, galangal dry powder and root of large-flowered skullcap dry powder in mass ratio 1.00:1.00:(0.67-2.00) is mixed
Close, obtain plant source composite preservative.
Plant source composite preservative obtained in the above method is brown color, is dissolved in water and ethanol equal solvent.
Above-mentioned plant source composite preservative has effect that is anti-oxidant and suppressing various bacteria growth, can be applied to prawn
It is fresh-keeping, plant source composite preservative 30-50g is added in 1000g prawn basal feeds when using, be well mixed, be used for
Prawn feeds；
Described basal feed is made up of the raw material of following mass percent：Fish meal 30%, peanut meal 35%, wholemeal
10%, shrimp chaff 6%, Cottonseed Meal 5%, medical stone 4%, miscella 4%, premix 6%.
In the raw material of antistaling agent of the present invention, galangal, hill gooseberry and the root of large-flowered skullcap are the plant resources of China's abundant.Gao Liang
Jiang Zhongyou abundant flavones ingredient, including Kaempferol, Galangin and Quercetin.Hill gooseberry is rich in flavonoid glycoside, alkaloid, many
The composition such as sugar and quinones.The chemical composition of the root of large-flowered skullcap has phenolic acid class, benzyl carbinol, amino acid and sterol etc. based on flavonoids.This
A little chemical substances have certain anti-oxidant and antibacterial action, and adjustable metabolic enzyme activity.By extraction, rotary evaporation and mistake post
Etc. technique, the materials such as the flavones ingredient of this several plant, Galangin and alkaloid can be extracted and separated.Single plant
The antimicrobial spectrum of thing extract is narrower, and compound plant source antistaling agent can form complementation, increases the antimicrobial spectrum of antistaling agent.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect relative to prior art：
(1) in the preparation method of plant source composite preservative of the present invention, plant powder is dense by 70% ethanol rotary evaporation
Contracting, concentrate uses gradient concentration ethanol elution, has effectively purified the antipathogenic composition of plant.
(2) preparation method of high-efficiency plant antistaling agent of the invention, is concentrated using the method for vacuum concentration to filtrate,
Avoid normal pressure concentration under the conditions of, influence of the high temperature to antipathogenic composition.
(3) preparation method of high-efficiency plant antistaling agent of the invention, using micro-wave vacuum, not only increases dry
Speed, and effectively maintain the quality and bioactivity of antipathogenic composition.
(4) galangal, hill gooseberry and the root of large-flowered skullcap are China's frequently seen plants resource, containing various bioactivators, can be produced
Antibacterial bacteriostatic effect of wide spectrum, therefore with researching and developing into the potentiality of green plants antisepsis antistaling agent.Using green plants antistaling agent
In marine product and its byproduct it is fresh-keeping in take for former chemical reagent, not only the development of promotion green economy, more drives
The comprehensive exploitation of China's characteristic wild resource and utilization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is four kinds of fungistatic effect figures of concentration ethanol eluent of the root of large-flowered skullcap；Wherein, A is pseudomonad, and B is waxy brood cell
Bacillus, C is Aeromonas, and D is Shewanella, and what hole 1, hole 2, hole 3, hole 4 were injected is respectively 20% ethanol eluate, 40% second
Alcohol eluen, 60% ethanol eluate, 80% ethanol eluate.
Fig. 2 is four kinds of fungistatic effect figures of concentration ethanol eluent of galangal；Wherein, A is pseudomonas putida, and B is wax
Sample bacillus, C is Colombia enterococcus, and what hole 1, hole 2, hole 3, hole 4 were injected is respectively 20% ethanol eluate, 40% second
Alcohol eluen, 60% ethanol eluate, 80% ethanol eluate, what middle hole added is distilled water, used as blank.
Fig. 3 is four kinds of fungistatic effect figures of concentration ethanol eluent of mountain Shen；Wherein, A is pseudomonas putida, and B is thermophilic
Hydrophila, C is micrococcus luteus, and hole 1, hole 2, hole 3, the injection of hole 4 are respectively 20% ethanol eluate, 40% ethanol are washed
De- liquid, 60% ethanol eluate, 80% ethanol eluate.
Fig. 4 is the fungistatic effect figure of plant source composite preservative of the present invention；Wherein, A is Shewanella putrefaciens, and B is thermophilic water
Aeromonas, C is Bacillus cereus, and D is pseudomonas putida, and E is micrococcus luteus, and hole 1, hole 2, hole 3, hole 4 are injected
It is respectively formula 1, formula 2, formula 3, the dry powder solution of formula 4, what middle hole added is distilled water, used as blank.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited
In this.
Embodiment
A kind of preparation method of plant source composite preservative, comprises the following steps：
(1) will galangal, mountain Shen, the root of large-flowered skullcap drying after crush, be separately added into 70% (V/V) ethanol solution extraction 24h with
On, ultrasonic extraction (power is 250-500W, 45-60 DEG C of temperature) more than 2h is then carried out again, obtain extract solution；The extraction process
Repeat 3-5 times, merge extract solution, be filtrated to get filtrate, three kinds of extraction concentrated liquors of raw material are obtained after filtrate is concentrated；
(2) galangal extracts concentrated liquor and is isolated and purified with HPD600 macroreticular resins, and the extract solution of mountain Shen and the root of large-flowered skullcap is dense
Contracting liquid is isolated and purified with AB-8 macroreticular resins；By three kinds of extraction concentrated liquor dry method loadings of raw material (body of applied sample amount and resin
Product is than being 1:20) distilled water, is then used successively, and the ethanol of 20% (V/V), 40% (V/V), 60% (V/V) and 80% (V/V) is molten
Liquid is eluted, distilled water and every kind of ethanol solution be eluted to eluent it is colourless untill.
Compare three kinds of inhibition zone sizes of the four of raw material kinds of ethanol eluates.
Pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus cereus, micrococcus luteus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Shewanella putrefaciens and the brother of prawn
Rival Asia enterococcus) during bacteria suspension coats NA flat boards, punched with card punch, inject 30-100 μ l concentrates in hole, and in
30 DEG C of incubator cultures 16-24 hours, have seen whether inhibition zone and inhibition zone size.
The fungistatic effect of four kinds of eluents of the root of large-flowered skullcap is as shown in Figure 1：Four kinds of ethanol eluates of concentration are corrupt to several prawns
Bacterium has different degrees of inhibitory action, wherein, with 60% ethanol eluate best results, 80% effect is taken second place, and 40% is slightly weak,
20% does not have effect.
The fungistatic effect of four kinds of eluents of galangal is as shown in Figure 2：80% ethanol eluate suppresses to imitate to prawn spoilage organisms
Fruit is optimal, and 60% effect is taken second place, and 20% and 40% does not have fungistatic effect substantially.
The fungistatic effect of four kinds of eluents of mountain Shen is as shown in Figure 3：60%th, 80% ethanol eluate is corrupt to several prawns
Bacterium has inhibitory action.
(3) eluent of three kinds of raw materials 60% (V/V) and 80% (V/V) ethanol solution is collected, is merged, carried out after concentration cold
It is lyophilized dry, obtain the corresponding dry powder of three kinds of raw materials；
(4) mountain Shen dry powder, galangal dry powder and root of large-flowered skullcap dry powder are mixed by following four formula (being mass ratio), is obtained
To plant source composite preservative, bacteriostatic test is carried out.
Formula 1：Mountain Shen dry powder:Root of large-flowered skullcap dry powder:Galangal dry powder=1:1:1
Formula 2：Mountain Shen dry powder:Root of large-flowered skullcap dry powder:Galangal dry powder=1.0:1.5:1.0
Formula 3：Mountain Shen dry powder:Root of large-flowered skullcap dry powder:Galangal dry powder=1.5:1.0:1.5
Formula 4：Mountain Shen dry powder:Root of large-flowered skullcap dry powder:Galangal dry powder=1:2:1；
Pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus cereus, micrococcus luteus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Shewanella putrefaciens and the brother of prawn
Rival Asia enterococcus) during bacteria suspension coats NA flat boards, punched with card punch, 30-100 μ l composite preservatives are injected in hole molten
0.1g composite preservative powder (is dissolved in 1ml distilled water and is made composite fresh-keeping agent solution) by liquid, and in 30 DEG C of incubator culture 16-
24 hours, inhibition zone and inhibition zone size are seen whether.
Result such as Fig. 4.As shown in Figure 4, this 4 kinds composite preservatives of formula are to Shewanella putrefaciens, Aeromonas hydrophila,
Bacillus cereus, pseudomonas putida and micrococcus luteus have inhibitory action, and different ratio, antibacterial circle diameter size also have
Difference, table 1 is antibacterial circle diameter.
The different inhibitory action compounded than antistaling agent to spoilage organisms of table 1
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably implementation method, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of plant source composite preservative, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) will be crushed after galangal, mountain Shen, root of large-flowered skullcap drying, be separately added into ethanol solution extraction more than 24h, then carried out again
Ultrasound extraction more than 2h, obtains extract solution；The extraction process is repeated 3-5 times, merges extract solution, filtrate is filtrated to get, by filtrate
Three kinds of extraction concentrated liquors of raw material are obtained after concentration；
(2) galangal extracts concentrated liquor and is isolated and purified with HPD600 macroreticular resins, the extraction concentrated liquor of mountain Shen and the root of large-flowered skullcap
Isolated and purified with AB-8 macroreticular resins；By three kinds of extraction concentrated liquor dry method loadings of raw material, distilled water, 20% are then used successively
(V/V), the ethanol solution wash-out of 40% (V/V), 60% (V/V) and 80% (V/V), distilled water and every kind of ethanol solution are eluted to
Untill eluent is colourless, the eluent of 60% (V/V) and 80% (V/V) ethanol solution is collected, merged, freezing is carried out after concentration dry
It is dry, obtain the corresponding dry powder of three kinds of raw materials；
(3) by mountain Shen dry powder, galangal dry powder and root of large-flowered skullcap dry powder in mass ratio 1.00:1.00:(0.67-2.00) mixes, and obtains
To plant source composite preservative.
2. the preparation method of plant source composite preservative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (1) described second
The concentration of alcoholic solution is 70% (V/V).
3. the preparation method of plant source composite preservative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step (1)
Ultrasound extraction, power is 250-500W, 45-60 DEG C of temperature.
4. the preparation method of plant source composite preservative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (1) and (2) institute
The concentration stated is concentrated under reduced pressure, is carried out at vacuum 65-75kPa, 45-60 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of plant source composite preservative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in step (2)
Dry powder, moisture is less than 5%.
6. a kind of plant source composite preservative, it is characterised in that：It is that method as described in claim any one of 1-5 is obtained.
7. application of the plant source composite preservative described in claim 6 in prawn is fresh-keeping.
8. application of the plant source composite preservative according to claim 7 in prawn is fresh-keeping, it is characterised in that：When using
Plant source composite preservative 30-50g is added in 1000g prawn basal feeds, is well mixed, for prawn feeding.
9. application of the plant source composite preservative according to claim 8 in prawn is fresh-keeping, it is characterised in that：Described
Basal feed is made up of the raw material of following mass percent：Fish meal 30%, peanut meal 35%, wholemeal 10%, shrimp chaff 6%, cotton
The seed dregs of rice 5%, medical stone 4%, miscella 4%, premix 6%.
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| CN107474556A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-15 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of edible packing membrane and its production and use |
| CN107897355A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-13 | 柳州飞升鹏科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fruit antistaling agent |
| CN108578520A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-09-28 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of Compositional type plant source antiseptic agent of response phase method optimum organization and application thereof |
| CN109156478A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-01-08 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of Polyelement botanical preservative and application thereof |
| CN110692702A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-17 | 宁波大学 | Antibacterial agent for inhibiting Shewanella putrefaciens, preparation method thereof and application of antibacterial agent in preparation of litopenaeus vannamei preservative |
| CN115316426A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-11-11 | 华中农业大学 | Application of baicalein in fresh fish preservation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107474556A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-15 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of edible packing membrane and its production and use |
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| CN108578520A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-09-28 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of Compositional type plant source antiseptic agent of response phase method optimum organization and application thereof |
| CN109156478A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-01-08 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of Polyelement botanical preservative and application thereof |
| CN108578520B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2021-06-04 | 华南师范大学 | Response surface method optimized combination compound plant-derived preservative and application thereof |
| CN110692702A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-17 | 宁波大学 | Antibacterial agent for inhibiting Shewanella putrefaciens, preparation method thereof and application of antibacterial agent in preparation of litopenaeus vannamei preservative |
| CN115316426A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-11-11 | 华中农业大学 | Application of baicalein in fresh fish preservation |
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Application publication date: 20170606 |