CN106787425A - A kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor - Google Patents
A kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106787425A CN106787425A CN201610990731.4A CN201610990731A CN106787425A CN 106787425 A CN106787425 A CN 106787425A CN 201610990731 A CN201610990731 A CN 201610990731A CN 106787425 A CN106787425 A CN 106787425A
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- motor
- dimensional printer
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- drive circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor, including permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor（1）, reduction box（2）, mechanical driving device（3）And motor-drive circuit（4）, it is characterised in that three-dimensional printer uses permagnetic synchronous motor, rather than induction type stepper motor；The torque output of permagnetic synchronous motor connects reduction box, or permagnetic synchronous motor inherently carries the reducing motor of reduction box；Motor-drive circuit voltage and non-generic alternating voltage, but the driving voltage of controlled motor rotation direction and velocity of rotation.Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Successfully reduce motor cost and motor-driven cost；And motor cost is the chief component of three-dimensional printer cost, so the whole cost of three-dimensional printer is also decreased obviously therewith.The output of deceleration synchronization motor is more accurate, and printing effect is more careful, and electric energy is saved in printing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is mainly used in 3 D-printing field, it can also be used to general Digit Control Machine Tool manufacture field.
Background technology
The motor of current three-dimensional printer, generally using reaction stepping motor.Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure of this motor
Schematic diagram.Its operation principle is：Small tooth is all opened on the rotor and stator made of soft magnetic bodies, the winding on each stator can only allow this
The part alignment of the small tooth of small tooth and rotor of winding, distinguishes current pulse, different small teeth on the different windings of stator
Successively align, rotor forms the rotation of stepping angle very little, so as to export rotating torque.
This motor positioning precision is high, but in manufacturing process, it is necessary to machining accuracy it is also higher, and need out small
Tooth, so production cost is high.Mismachining tolerance is slightly larger, and motor does not just work, and is more than reducing performance.
This motor leads to different size of electric current simultaneously to different windings, it is possible to achieve stepping is segmented.If subdivision times
Number is larger, and the ability that rotor is navigated in subdivision step is just poor.So once small number of teeth amount is certain, motor cannot
Unlimited subdivision.
This motor, will make it keep constant rotational angle, it is necessary to lasting by electric current.That is this motor
Do not cut off self-lock ability, power-consuming.
The structure of permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor is similar to accompanying drawing 2.This motor utilizes alternating current, and a rotation is internally formed at it
The magnetic field for turning, the rotor made of permanent magnet synchronously follows magnetic field rotating, so as to export rotating torque.
Permagnetic synchronous motor has that small volume, efficiency high, power factor are high, starting torque is big, energy index good, temperature rise is low
The features such as, and above all output is big, and it is cheap using extensive.But, permagnetic synchronous motor control accuracy is low,
Cannot more realize that stepping angle is segmented.Because when PM rotor is between the adjacent the two poles of the earth of stator, as long as it is slightly biased to fixed
Any pole of son, can be all drawn through by nearer magnetic pole of the stator, and rotor is difficult to be accurately positioned between the adjacent the two poles of the earth of stator.
Except " reaction stepping motor " above-mentioned and " permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor ", also one kind is called " magneto
The motor of stepper motor ".It is actually all much like on permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor and p-m step motor concept and principle, but
When implementing, still there is certain difference.Synchronous motor focuses on AC energy to the conversion of mechanical energy（Or it is anti-
To conversion）, tried one's best during design simple cost-effective, improve power.And stepper motor is laid stress in high-precision control, electricity
Energy utilization ratio is not high.And p-m step motor is because its stepping angle is larger, it is difficult to obtain precise control, be rarely employed
.
At present, the print platform cleaning before synchronous motor has been applied to 3 D-printing, and being printed as after printing
Product are taken（The patent No.：2015104814855, applying date 2015-08-07）；But during 3 D-printing, not using same
Step motor.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of alternative of cheap three-dimensional printer stepper motor；And printing effect is thinner
It is greasy, it is more energy efficient during printing.
It is that the present invention substitutes induction type stepper motor using deceleration synchronization motor, and exploitation devises one up to above-mentioned purpose
Set motor-drive circuit.
Deceleration synchronization motor is equivalent to the stepping angle for reducing, it is possible to accurate because having carried reduction gear box
Output.When speed reducing ratio continues to increase, its output accuracy can exceed the induction type stepper motor after subdivision；Now its stationkeeping ability
Not only without reducing, also as the auto-lock function of reduction box, positioning performance increases on the contrary.And auto-lock function causes motor not
During rotation, it is not necessary to be powered.Motor for not rotating temporarily can be powered off, energy saving.Powered off and on can be hundreds of
The alternating of/mono- second.So even printer works, saving energy chance also can be relatively more.As long as motor is not to turn at full speed
It is dynamic, it is possible to energy-conservation.
Because the backlash of reduction gearing, time error is changed than larger in motor output torque direction.But if only
Only it is that rotation direction changes, the direction of output torque is constant, now just without larger error.So present invention is generally used in
The equipment of wire saws a, it is only necessary to situation for torque direction.
Because present invention uses reduction box, there is no need to segment motor, still more synchronous motor is not also propped up in itself
Hold subdivision；Again because subdivision function needs driver to provide different current strength, and the motor without subdivision function drives, only
It is the function of binary switch；So the synchronous machine drives circuit that the present invention is used, because not segmenting function, and significantly letter
Change, drive circuit cost is greatly reduced.Because synchronous motor is placed on design focal point in energy conversion, general this motor
Rated voltage it is higher, so also requiring that motor-drive circuit can provide output voltage higher.
It is demonstrated experimentally that not using motor and motor-driven subdivision function, print quality can be increased.Theoretically come
Say, motor（Including synchronous motor and stepper motor）Rotor magnetic pole just to magnetic pole of the stator when, rotor fixed position ability is most strong；It is this
The motor of the actual correspondence " not using subdivision function " of situation.When using subdivision function, the magnetic pole of rotor is located at stator magnet
Between pole；" resultant field " positioning that rotor is formed by two adjacent stator poles, rotor magnetic pole is fixed apart from any one
Sub- magnetic pole is all distant；Rotor fixed position ability, causes printer to be difficult to overcome the inertia of printhead, and printing effect is poor.
Preferably, the present invention is applied to wire saws equipment, when the backlash of reduction gearing is smaller, or in change side
To when it is relatively low to error requirements in the case of, the present invention still go for toothed belt transmission or bar transmission situation.
Preferably, more typical permagnetic synchronous motor is used, it is also possible to use rare p-m step motor.
The present invention successfully reduces motor cost and motor-driven cost；And motor cost be three-dimensional printer into
This chief component, so the whole cost of three-dimensional printer is also decreased obviously therewith.The output of deceleration synchronization motor is more smart
Really, printing effect is more careful, and electric energy is saved in printing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of reaction stepping motor.In figure, 1, the small tooth of rotor（There is omission in figure）；2nd, stator around
Group；3rd, the small tooth of stator.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor.In figure, 1, stator winding；2nd, stator core；3rd, permanent magnet turns
Son.
Fig. 3 is application schematic diagram of the motor of the present invention in three-dimensional printer.In figure, 1, permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor and
Reduction box；2nd, shaft coupling；3rd, synchronizing wheel；4th, Timing Belt；5th, synchronous Belt connector；6th, pulling force output rope；7, pulling force delivery outlet；8、
Servo-actuated bearing.
Fig. 4 is a branch of motor-drive circuit of the present invention.In figure, 1, drive signal line input；2nd, positive pole
Output fet gate voltage generator；3rd, positive pole output FET；4th, negative pole output FET；5th, output voltage
Line.A, output voltage feedback；B, C, D are respectively grid, drain electrode and the source electrode of positive pole output FET；E, G, F are respectively negative
Pole output fet gate, drain electrode and source electrode.
Fig. 5 is motor-drive circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.1,2,3,4 is motor drive signal input line in figure；
5th, motor-drive circuit；6th, positive source；7th, circuit ground；8th, 9,10,11 is drive circuit output line, is respectively：A+、A-
With B+, B-；12nd, synchronous motor stator winding A；13rd, synchronous motor stator winding B；14th, synchronous motor permanent magnetic body rotor.
Fig. 6 is of the present invention to replace the schematic diagram of three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor.1 in figure, forever
Magnetic-type synchronous motor；2nd, reduction box；3rd, mechanical driving device；4th, motor-drive circuit.
Specific implementation
The present invention is using the special deceleration permagnetic synchronous motor of mahjong machine.Because mahjong machine popularization degree is high, mahjong machine motor
Relatively conventional, price is low.When generally the least expensive, its price price $10 or so.And the rotating speed of this motor refers to logical 50Hz alternating currents
When rotating speed, its product type enrich, selection of speed wider range.Slower rotating speed, actually corresponds to larger speed reducing ratio, makes
This kind of motor is used, output accuracy can be greatly improved.Because this motor carries reduction box, cut off self-lock function, can
With the energy of terminating an agreement.Because selected decelerating through motor is than very big, stepping angle very little, so there is no need to carry out stepping angle subdivision.
Preferably, the mahjong machine motor in this example, rotating speed is two kinds of 25 revolutions per minute and 20 revolutions per minute, it is also possible to use other
The motor of rotating speed.Such as 10 revolutions per minute, rotating speed is slower, and printing precision is higher.40 revolutions per minute for another example, at this moment print speed is more
Hurry up.
Preferably, this example uses cheap Lundell mahjong machine synchronous motor, it is also possible to use other kinds of synchronization
Motor.
Preferably, this example uses the synchronous motor for carrying reduction box, it is also possible to use common synchronous motor and separation
Reduction box.
Preferably, this example is the synchronous motor of 110V using rated voltage, it is also possible to use the same of other rated voltages
Step motor.
As shown in figure 3, the output torque of deceleration permagnetic synchronous motor 1, synchronizing wheel 3, synchronizing wheel 3 are transmitted to by shaft coupling 2
Timing Belt 4, Timing Belt 4 is driven to pull output drawstring 6.And servo-actuated bearing 8 follows Timing Belt to move, itself is not dynamic.
As shown in figure 4, the function that the branch circuit of motor-drive circuit is completed is：When input signal cable 1 is high level 5V
When, output voltage wire is power cathode voltage 0V, and when input signal cable 1 is low level 0V, output voltage wire is positive source
Voltage 100V.Positive pole exports FET 3 and negative pole output FET 4, is " N-channel enhancement mode FET ".Wherein
Negative pole output FET 4 source electrode G ground connection, once its grid E, when being high level 5V, the FET can conducting, drain electrode F
Output 0V voltages.Positive pole exports FET 3, and its drain electrode C connects the supply voltage of 100V, is low level 0V in input signal cable 1
When turn on, its source electrode D export 100V supply voltage.The turn-on logic of positive pole output FET 3 is by " positive pole output field is imitated
Answer tube grid voltage generator 2 " Digital Logical Circuits obtain.Gate voltage generator 2, the conducting voltage of output, it is necessary to be
The voltage of positive pole output FET 3 output voltage 10V or so is higher by, and 20V can not be higher by；So grid voltage occurs
Device 2 must take the output voltage that positive pole exports FET 3 at A in figure.The voltage of the output of gate voltage generator 2 is
Higher than supply voltage, powered using other power supply in present invention practice, it is also possible to carry booster circuit.3 sections of scene effect pipe
When disconnected, the output voltage of gate voltage generator 2 must keep unanimous on the whole with the source electrode D voltages of FET 3.
Preferably, motor driven voltage is 100V, or 5V, 12V, other voltages such as 110V, 220V.Preferably,
Logic high is other voltages such as 5V, or 3.3V.When logical high voltage is too low, it is necessary to increase voltage after,
Driving FET again.Preferably, the present invention uses double N-channel FET circuits, it is also possible to drive electricity using other motors
Road, as long as can respectively export the circuit close to motor drive power supply positive pole and cathode voltage.
One drive circuit of motor is made up of four above-mentioned branch circuits.As shown in figure 5, four branch circuits, are put into
In motor-drive circuit 5, input logic control signal is distinguished, then output motor driving voltage.Output lead 8,9,10 and 11
It is divided into A and two groups of B, every group of motor winding（12 or 13）, form rotating excitation field.Rotor 14, just can revolve
Turn output torque.Convenient in order to do figure, motor is the two poles of the earth in figure, and motor is multipole during practical application.
Preferably, this example uses four line motors, it is also possible to use 5 lines or 6 line motors, as long as synchronous motor is
Can.
As a further improvement, the servo-actuated bearing 8 in Fig. 3, can change the mechanical device of constant moment of torsion into.It is turned round
Square is about the half of the output torque of reducing motor 1.The backlash that so just can substantially eliminate speed reduction gear box brings
Error.It can in addition contain pass through the mechanical device of constant pulling force, hold Timing Belt to eliminate backlash error.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor, including permanent magnetic synchronous electrical motor, slows down
Case, mechanical driving device and motor-drive circuit, it is characterised in that use permagnetic synchronous motor, rather than induction type stepping
Motor.
2. a kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor according to claim 1, its feature
It is to use reducing motor or reduction box.
3. a kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor according to claim 1, its feature
It is that motor and motor-drive circuit are all without subdivision function.
4. a kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor according to claim 1, its feature
It is that motor cuts off self-lock function, equipment work, but motor is not when turning temporarily, motor power-off.
5. a kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the torque output in motor only one of which direction.
6. a kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor according to claim 1, its feature
It is, motor-drive circuit on-fixed frequency, but according to control signal, output control direction of motor rotation and velocity of rotation
Driving voltage.
7. a kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor according to claim 1, its feature
It is that motor-drive circuit output voltage is 3 ~ 110V.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610990731.4A CN106787425A (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | A kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610990731.4A CN106787425A (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | A kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor |
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| CN106787425A true CN106787425A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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| CN201610990731.4A Pending CN106787425A (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2016-11-10 | A kind of method for replacing three-dimensional printer stepper motor with synchronous motor |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002320371A (en) * | 2001-04-18 | 2002-10-31 | Sanryuusha:Kk | Pm motor having three stators |
| CN101713473A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-05-26 | 河北工业大学 | Device for carrying out valve microstep regulation by utilizing permanent magnet synchronous motor and realizing method thereof |
| CN103296957A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-11 | 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 | Position scanning control method and system of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN205123507U (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-30 | 张嘉 | Take micro motor of auto -power -off function |
-
2016
- 2016-11-10 CN CN201610990731.4A patent/CN106787425A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002320371A (en) * | 2001-04-18 | 2002-10-31 | Sanryuusha:Kk | Pm motor having three stators |
| CN101713473A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-05-26 | 河北工业大学 | Device for carrying out valve microstep regulation by utilizing permanent magnet synchronous motor and realizing method thereof |
| CN103296957A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-11 | 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 | Position scanning control method and system of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN205123507U (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-30 | 张嘉 | Take micro motor of auto -power -off function |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |