CN106786909A - The equalising control device in groups and control method of a kind of energy storage liquid metal cell - Google Patents
The equalising control device in groups and control method of a kind of energy storage liquid metal cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN106786909A CN106786909A CN201611228338.8A CN201611228338A CN106786909A CN 106786909 A CN106786909 A CN 106786909A CN 201611228338 A CN201611228338 A CN 201611228338A CN 106786909 A CN106786909 A CN 106786909A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention belongs to electrochemical energy storage field, the equalising control device in groups and control method of specifically related to a kind of energy storage liquid metal cell, the equalising control device in groups of the energy storage liquid metal cell, liquid metal cell unit, voltage detection module including N number of series connection, equalization control module, equalizing circuit module, screening uniformity several sections of liquid metal cell monomers higher according to first go here and there again and mode constitute a battery unit, be placed in same high temperature dwell incubator.The invention also discloses a kind of energy storage liquid metal cell grouping charging and discharging balance control method.Control device of the invention and control method, can solve the problem that liquid metal cell voltage platform low and wide and be difficult to carry out the defect that active equalization is controlled, and tackle hot environment residing when liquid metal cell is used in groups, the complexity of equalising control device and control method is reduced, so as to meet the energy storage use demand for liquid metal cell.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrochemical energy storage field, and in particular to a kind of dress of Balance route in groups of energy storage liquid metal cell
Put and control method, it can solve the problem that liquid metal cell voltage platform is low and wide and is difficult to carry out lacking for active equalization control
Fall into, and residing hot environment when using in groups of reply liquid metal cell, reduce equalising control device and control method
Complexity.
Background technology
Energy storage technology is born improving the stability of the renewable energy system such as wind energy and solar energy, smooth user side
The aspects such as lotus, the safety and stability for improving power system play the role of very important.Electrochemical energy storage is by flexibly side
Just, efficiency high, maintenance cost it is low and turn into energy storage technology development important directions.But existing electrochemical energy storage technology all because
Security feature is not good and energy storage is relatively costly and the requirement of large-scale energy storage system cannot be met, liquid metal cell is exactly tackled
This challenge and the model electrochemical energy storage technology that grows up.Liquid metal cell operating temperature at 300 DEG C~700 DEG C, because
With special electrode material and structure design, its stable performance is lasted a long time.
In order to meet requirement of the energy-storage system to voltage and power, it is necessary to which liquid metal cell connection in series-parallel is used in groups,
But in actual moving process, cell due to differences such as manufacturing process, use environment, aging speeds, the performance between battery
Difference can also increase increasingly, because the presence of wooden pail effect, the capacity utilization and service life of battery pack will be substantially reduced, because
This must take liquid metal cell group corresponding Balance route measure.
The characteristics of liquid metal cell has Large Copacity, low-voltage, and hot environment is operated in, need to preserve when using in groups
In high temperature dwell incubator.The domestic Balance route to liquid metal cell studies relatively fewer, Chinese invention patent explanation at present
Book CN104682511A is proposed to completely filling the method that liquid metal cell carries out high current energy consumption balance, the method energy balance
Greatly, energy dissipation and a large amount of heat production problems are caused, and waits all batteries to reach fully charged state successively, balancing speed is slow.
Chinese invention patent specification CN105141004A proposes to be carried out using the non-linear electric group battery to reaching trimming threshold of high temperature
The method of energy consumption balance, although the method balancing speed is fast, control is simple, due in discharge and recharge end, liquid metal cell
Voltage change is very fast, and the electric current flowed through in nonlinear resistance also greatly, causes a large amount of losses and heat production.And both passive equilibriums
Method is not all accounted for, and when liquid metal cell is used in groups, need to be placed in high temperature dwell incubator, should be reduced as far as high temperature
Incubator to outer lead.
Due to there is drawbacks described above and deficiency, this area is needed badly to make and is further improved, and design one kind is directed to
The equalising control device and control method of liquid metal cell, can solve liquid metal cell voltage platform it is low and wide and
The defect of active equalization control is difficult to carry out, and tackles hot environment residing when liquid metal cell is used in groups, reduced
The complexity of equalising control device and control method, to meet the use demand for liquid energy storage metal battery.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of energy storage liquid metal cell into
Group equalising control device and control method, the equalising control device include liquid metal cell unit, the voltage detecting of N number of series connection
Module, equalization control module, equalizing circuit module, it can solve the problem that liquid metal cell voltage platform is low and wide and is difficult to carry out
The defect of active equalization control, and hot environment residing when liquid metal cell is used in groups is tackled, reduce Balance route
The complexity of device and control method.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of energy storage liquid metal cell is in groups
Equalising control device, it is characterised in that liquid metal cell unit, voltage detection module including N number of series connection, Balance route mould
Block and equalizing circuit module, wherein, N >=0, and N is integer；
The liquid metal cell unit is made up of the several sections of liquid metal cell monomers obtained by screening, after screening
The consistent liquid metal cell monomer of performance is placed in same incubator, according to the mode after first going here and there simultaneously in groups, constitutes liquid
State metal battery unit, N number of liquid metal cell unit by incubator outside lead connected；
The voltage detection module is used to detecting the terminal voltage data of N number of liquid metal cell unit, and by voltage data
It is transported to equalization control module；
The voltage data of each battery unit of the equalization control module receiving voltage detection module, and according to each battery
The balanced object of voltage selection of unit and balanced opportunity, the pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal of respective switch is produced, and will
PWM drive signal is transported to equalizing circuit module for controlling turning on and off for respective switch pipe；
The equalizing circuit module is a kind of inductive type equalizing circuit based on switch matrix.
It is further preferred that the inductive type equalizing circuit in the equalizing circuit module includes that 2N metal-oxide-semiconductor, 2 (N+1) are individual
Diode and a balanced inductance,
Wherein, described 2 (N+1) individual diode, a metal-oxide-semiconductor of being connected in addition to diode D11 and diode D2N+1, on
Diode is stated to be serially connected between battery unit and balanced inductance to prevent battery short circuit；The diode D11 and diode D2N+1
Metal-oxide-semiconductor is not concatenated, for balanced inductance provides continuous current circuit.
Preferably, Schottky diode of the diode from low pressure drop.
More comparative test shows, the stabilization of circuital current can be effectively improved using above-mentioned inductive type equalizing circuit
Property, and then improve stability and electric energy service efficiency that battery is used.Diode selects the Schottky diode of low pressure drop, energy
Enough reduce the pressure drop and loss in energy transfer process.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that there is provided a kind of grouping charging and discharging Balance route side of energy storage liquid metal cell
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1. a collection of battery is screened, liquid metal cell monomer is carried out into discharge capacity, voltage platform and coulomb effect
Three screenings of reference quantity of rate, screening draws the consistent several sections of liquid metal cell monomers of performance；
S2. by the consistent several sections of liquid metal cell monomers of the performance after screening according to mode in parallel after first connecting, group
Into a liquid metal cell unit；
S3. by screening for several times, several liquid metal cell units are obtained；
S4. the several liquid metal cell units for obtaining will be screened to be connected from excellent to bad according to performance, echelon is utilized,
Liquid metal cell unit discharge and recharge to connecting is monitored and Balance route.
Battery cell in liquid metal cell unit is reasonably connected according to the mode after first going here and there simultaneously, on the one hand
The voltage of battery unit can be improved, another aspect parallel way can also realize that the voltage in battery unit is certainly balanced, relatively
Batteries monomer carries out Balance route respectively in incubator, on the one hand reduce incubator to outer lead, the opposing party
Face has been greatly reduced the complexity of equalising control device.More comparative test shows, after liquid metal cell is through screening,
Under identical use environment, battery with two side terminals is maintained to even across multi-turn circulation.
It is further preferred that in step S1, the screening process of the battery is comprised the following steps：
S11. charge-discharge test first is carried out to a collection of liquid metal cell of theoretical discharge capacity identical, filters out electric discharge and hold
One group liquid metal cell of the amount difference 2%；
S12. carry out 0.2C standards rate charge-discharge 2 to the liquid metal cell group after screening again to enclose, be defined by the second circle,
Filter out one group liquid metal cell of the voltage platform difference within 0.02V；
S13. carry out 0.2C standards rate charge-discharge 10 to the one group of liquid metal cell for newly filtering out to enclose, filter out coulomb
One group liquid metal cell of the efficiency variance within 0.5%, as uniformity preferably a collection of liquid metal cell monomer.
More comparative test shows, higher by one group of liquid metal cell uniformity after above-mentioned screening,
And long-play, influence of the difference of self-discharge rate to liquid metal cell performance is relatively small between battery cell.
Preferably, in step s 4, liquid metal cell unit discharge and recharge is monitored and Balance route process includes
Following steps：
S41. by each battery cell voltage data of data collecting module collected, and it is transported to equalization control module；
S42. equalization control module judges whether cell voltage meets balanced unlocking condition, if meeting, goes to step
S43, goes to step S46 if being unsatisfactory for；
S43. equalization control module produces the pulse width modulation (PWM) for needing battery balanced discharge and recharge metal-oxide-semiconductor in a balanced way to drive
Signal, and equalizing circuit module is transported to, while generation control signal makes charger reduce the charging and discharging currents of battery pack；
S44. equalizing circuit module is opened corresponding discharge and recharge and is returned according to the pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal for receiving
The switching tube on road, carries out active equalization process；
S45. equalization control module judges whether cell voltage meets balanced closedown condition, and step S46 is gone to if meeting,
Otherwise go to step S43；
S46. equalising control device is closed, equilibrium terminates.
Specifically, Balance route strategy using voltage as balanced variable, with the very big liquid metal cell unit of voltage and
The minimum liquid metal cell unit of voltage is carried out greatly in battery set charge/discharge end as balanced object with the euqalizing current of 0.1C
Electric current active equalization.It is existing although can preferably reach balanced purpose using SOC as the Balance route strategy of balanced variable
Not enough, especially for the liquid metal cell for being placed on high temperature dwell incubator, the SOC of cell estimates SOC algorithm for estimating precision
Meter depends on cell current detecting, and this is relatively difficult to achieve in practical operation；Conversely, voltage detecting is simple, and only need to
The voltage of battery unit is detected outside incubator, practical operation feasibility is higher.Selection is carried out in battery set charge/discharge end
High current active equalization, it is relatively flat to be primarily due to liquid metal cell charging and discharging curve, in the voltage platform phase, even if battery
Between SOC differ greatly, voltage differences still very little, thus the stage electric voltage equalization is not carried out to battery pack, filled when battery is in
During electric discharge end, monomer battery voltage is changed greatly, and now carrying out electric voltage equalization to battery pack can effectively improve battery pack
Uniformity.Meanwhile, to avoid the batteries in parallel connection string being likely to occur due to the SOC differential accumulations caused in the voltage platform phase, cause
High current phenomenon, when discharge and recharge end opens balanced, reduces the charging and discharging currents of battery pack, extends self regulation time, effectively
Improve the capacity utilization of batteries in parallel connection group.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below and
Beneficial effect：
(1) liquid metal cell of the invention equalising control device and method is in discharge capacity, voltage platform and fills in groups
The aspects such as discharging efficiency are screened to battery, and the several sections of liquid metal cells that uniformity is higher after screening constitute a battery list
Unit, is placed in same high temperature dwell incubator, and the identical of its use environment is conducive to keeping the uniformity between battery cell.Liquid
After state metal battery is through screening, under identical use environment, the consistent of battery is maintained to even across multi-turn circulation
Property.
(2) the preferable battery cell of uniformity is placed in same incubator, it is ensured that use environment is identical, according to elder generation
Mode after string simultaneously is carried out in groups, and series connection improves the voltage of battery unit, and parallel connection improves the capacity of battery unit, while parallel connection
The voltage that mode can be carried out between battery strings is certainly balanced, and selection carries out electric voltage equalization in battery charging and discharging end, while reduction is filled
Discharge current, on the one hand because discharge and recharge terminal voltage changes obvious with SOC, secondly reducing charging and discharging currents can alleviate
Due to the battery high current phenomenon that parallel connection is caused, cause battery excessively stream.
(3) in balance control method of the invention the several sections of liquid metal cell monomers of cell internal according to first going here and there again simultaneously
Mode be combined, series connection improves the voltage of battery unit, and parallel connection can realize the voltage of cell internal from balanced,
The complexity of equalising control device can be reduced, while in order to lift shunt voltage from effect in a balanced way, subtracting in discharge and recharge end
The charging and discharging currents of baby battery group, extend from time for balance.
(4) the Balance route strategy using voltage as balanced variable is used in the present invention, selection is carried out in discharge and recharge end
Equilibrium differentiates, overcomes using SOC as balanced variable that SOC estimation precision is not high and the detection of incubator internal current is difficult to carry out
Problem.Inductive type equalizing circuit is used in the present invention, the controllability of inductive current is strong, it is possible to achieve to the big electricity of battery unit
Stream is balanced.
(5) equalising control device of the invention and control method can solve the problem that liquid metal cell voltage platform it is low and wide and
The defect of active equalization control is difficult to carry out, and tackles hot environment residing when liquid metal cell is used in groups, reduced
The complexity of equalising control device and control method, improves the performance of liquid metal cell.
Brief description of the drawings
The equalising control device structure chart that Fig. 1 is provided for the present invention；
The inductive type equalizing circuit topological diagram based on switch matrix that Fig. 2 Fig. 1 is provided for the present invention；
The liquid metal cell unit internal cell monomer connected mode figure that Fig. 3 is provided for the present invention；
The theoretical capacity 20Ah liquid metal cell charging/discharging voltage curve maps that Fig. 4 is provided for the present invention；
The liquid metal cell balance control method flow chart that Fig. 5 is provided for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as additionally, technical characteristic involved in invention described below each implementation method
Not constituting conflict each other can just be mutually combined.
As shown in figure 1, being a kind of equalising control device in groups of the energy storage liquid metal cell for providing of the invention, it includes
The liquid metal cell unit of N number of series connection, voltage detection module, equalization control module and equalizing circuit module, wherein, N >=0,
And N is integer；
The liquid metal cell unit is made up of the several sections of liquid metal cell monomers obtained by screening, after screening
The consistent liquid metal cell monomer of performance is placed in same incubator, according to the mode after first going here and there simultaneously in groups, constitutes liquid
State metal battery unit, N number of liquid metal cell unit by incubator outside lead connected；
The voltage detection module is used to detecting the terminal voltage data of N number of liquid metal cell unit, and by voltage data
It is transported to equalization control module；
The voltage data of each battery unit of the equalization control module receiving voltage detection module, and according to each battery
The balanced object of voltage selection of unit and balanced opportunity, the pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal of respective switch is produced, and will
PWM drive signal is transported to equalizing circuit module for controlling turning on and off for respective switch pipe；
The equalizing circuit module is a kind of inductive type equalizing circuit based on switch matrix.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inductive type equalizing circuit in the equalizing circuit module includes 2N
The balanced inductance of metal-oxide-semiconductor, 2 (N+1) individual diodes and one,
Wherein, described 2 (N+1) individual diode, a metal-oxide-semiconductor of being connected in addition to diode D11 and diode D2N+1, on
Diode is stated to be serially connected between battery unit and balanced inductance to prevent battery short circuit；The diode D11 and diode D2N+1
Metal-oxide-semiconductor is not concatenated, for balanced inductance provides continuous current circuit.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, Schottky diode of the diode from low pressure drop.
Present invention also offers a kind of grouping charging and discharging balance control method of energy storage liquid metal cell, its feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
S1. a collection of battery is screened, liquid metal cell monomer is carried out into discharge capacity, voltage platform and coulomb effect
Three screenings of reference quantity of rate, screening draws the consistent several sections of liquid metal cell monomers of performance；
S2. by the consistent several sections of liquid metal cell monomers of the performance after screening according to mode in parallel after first connecting, group
Into a liquid metal cell unit；
S3. by screening for several times, several liquid metal cell units are obtained；
S4. the several liquid metal cell units for obtaining will be screened to be connected from excellent to bad according to performance, echelon is utilized,
Liquid metal cell unit discharge and recharge to connecting is monitored and Balance route.
Battery cell in liquid metal cell unit is reasonably connected according to the mode after first going here and there simultaneously, on the one hand
The voltage of battery unit can be improved, another aspect parallel way can also realize that the voltage in battery unit is certainly balanced, relatively
Batteries monomer carries out Balance route respectively in incubator, on the one hand reduce incubator to outer lead, the opposing party
Face has been greatly reduced the complexity of equalising control device.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in step S1, the screening process of the battery is comprised the following steps：
S11. charge-discharge test first is carried out to a collection of liquid metal cell of theoretical discharge capacity identical, filters out electric discharge and hold
One group liquid metal cell of the amount difference 2%；
S12. carry out 0.2C standards rate charge-discharge 2 to the liquid metal cell group after screening again to enclose, be defined by the second circle,
Filter out one group liquid metal cell of the voltage platform difference within 0.02V；
S13. carry out 0.2C standards rate charge-discharge 10 to the one group of liquid metal cell for newly filtering out to enclose, filter out coulomb
One group liquid metal cell of the efficiency variance within 0.5%, as uniformity preferably a collection of liquid metal cell monomer.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in step s 4, liquid metal cell unit discharge and recharge is supervised
Survey and Balance route process is comprised the following steps：
S41. by each battery cell voltage data of data collecting module collected, and it is transported to equalization control module；
S42. equalization control module judges whether cell voltage meets balanced unlocking condition, if meeting, goes to step
S43, goes to step S46 if being unsatisfactory for；
S43. equalization control module produces the pulse width modulation (PWM) for needing battery balanced discharge and recharge metal-oxide-semiconductor in a balanced way to drive
Signal, and equalizing circuit module is transported to, while generation control signal makes charger reduce the charging and discharging currents of battery pack；
S44. equalizing circuit module is opened corresponding discharge and recharge and is returned according to the pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal for receiving
The switching tube on road, carries out active equalization process；
S45. equalization control module judges whether cell voltage meets balanced closedown condition, and step S46 is gone to if meeting,
Otherwise go to step S43；
S46. equalising control device is closed, equilibrium terminates.
Preferably to explain the present invention, a specific embodiment given below：
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, be a kind of energy storage liquid metal cell equalising control device for providing of the present invention, including N number of string
The liquid metal cell unit of connection, voltage detection module, equalization control module, equalizing circuit module.
Liquid metal cell unit is the 6 section liquid metals of 20Ah by utilizing the theoretical capacity for obtaining by screening and echelon
Battery cell is constituted.The 6 section liquid metal cells that each battery unit is included are placed in an incubator, N number of liquid gold
Category battery unit by incubator outside lead connected.
Voltage detection module is used to detect the terminal voltage data of N number of liquid metal cell unit, and voltage data is conveyed
To equalization control module.
The voltage data of equalization control module receiving voltage detection module, and it is equal according to the selection of the voltage of each battery unit
Weighing apparatus opportunity and balanced object, produce the PWM drive signal of respective switch, are transported to equalizing circuit module for controlling respective switch
Pipe is turned on and off.
Equalizing circuit module, as shown in Fig. 2 be a kind of inductive type equalizing circuit based on switch matrix, by 2N MOS
Pipe, 2 (N+1) individual diodes, a balanced inductance are constituted.Wherein, 2 (N+1) individual diode, in addition to D11 and D2N+1, connects
One metal-oxide-semiconductor, is serially connected between battery unit and inductance, can prevent battery short circuit.D11 and D2N+1 do not concatenate metal-oxide-semiconductor, are
Inductance provides continuous current circuit.In order to reduce the pressure drop in energy transfer process and loss, Schottky of the diode from low pressure drop
Diode.
The present invention provides a kind of groups of charge and discharge balancing control method of energy storage liquid metal cell, and its control flow is as schemed
Shown in 3, comprise the following steps：
First, a collection of battery screen and echelon is utilized, by discharge capacity, voltage platform and coulombic efficiency three
After reference quantity screening, it is determined the preferable liquid metal cell of uniformity and constitutes a battery unit, echelon utilizes uniformity not
Same battery unit.
The screening process includes：
(1) theoretical discharge capacity is filtered out and is put for a collection of liquid metal cell of 20Ah carries out different current charge-discharge electricity
A Battery pack of the capacitance difference 2%.
(2) carry out 0.2C standards rate charge-discharge 2 to the battery pack after screening again to enclose, be defined by the second circle, filter out electricity
A Battery pack of the flattening bench difference within 0.02V.
(3) last, the Battery pack to newly filtering out carries out 0.2C standards rate charge-discharge 10 and encloses, and filters out coulombic efficiency
A Battery pack of the difference within 0.5%.
Experience have shown that, it is higher by one group of liquid metal cell uniformity after screening, and long-play,
Influence of the difference of self-discharge rate to liquid metal cell performance is relatively small between battery cell.
Secondly, in liquid metal cell unit battery unit connected mode as shown in figure 4, by the uniformity after screening compared with
6 good section liquid metal cell B1, B2, B3 connect and obtain B1 ', B4, B5, B6 and carry out series connection B2 ', then B1 ' and B2 ' are entered
Row composes in parallel a battery unit, and the voltage of battery unit is three section liquid metal cell voltage sums, cell internal
After first going here and there and by way of be attached, the voltage of battery unit on the one hand can be improved, on the other hand due to B1 ' and B2 '
Parallel connection can also realize that the voltage in battery unit is certainly balanced, and equilibrium is carried out respectively relative to 6 batteries monomers in incubator
Control, on the one hand reduce incubator to outer lead, on the other hand also reduce the complexity of equalising control device.
Finally, then by all battery units connected from excellent to bad according to performance, series-connected cell unit discharge and recharge is entered
Row monitoring and Balance route.
Balance route strategy uses voltage as balanced variable, minimum with the very big liquid metal cell unit of voltage and voltage
Liquid metal cell unit is balanced object, and high current is carried out actively with 0.1C euqalizing currents in battery set charge/discharge end
Weighing apparatus.Although can preferably reach balanced purpose using SOC as the Balance route strategy of balanced variable, existing SOC estimates to calculate
Not enough, especially for the liquid metal cell for being placed on high temperature dwell incubator, the SOC of cell estimates to depend on list method precision
Body battery current detects that this is relatively difficult to achieve in practical operation；Conversely, voltage detecting is simple, and only need to be examined outside incubator
The voltage of battery unit is surveyed, practical operation feasibility is higher.Selection carries out high current actively in battery set charge/discharge end
Equilibrium, it is relatively flat to be primarily due to liquid metal cell charging and discharging curve, as shown in figure 5, in the voltage platform phase, even if battery
Between SOC differ greatly, voltage differences still very little, thus the stage electric voltage equalization is not carried out to battery pack, filled when battery is in
During electric discharge end, monomer battery voltage is changed greatly, and now carrying out electric voltage equalization to battery pack can effectively improve battery pack
Uniformity.Meanwhile, to avoid the batteries in parallel connection string being likely to occur due to the SOC differential accumulations caused in the voltage platform phase, and
Discharge and recharge end produces high current phenomenon, when equilibrium is opened, reduces the charging and discharging currents of battery pack, extends self regulation time, has
Effect improves the capacity utilization of batteries in parallel connection group.
Further battery unit discharge and recharge is monitored and Balance route, equilibrium is detected and control flow chart such as Fig. 5
It is shown, including：
(1) data acquisition module, gathers each battery cell voltage data, and be transported to equalization control module.
(2) equalization control module judges whether cell voltage meets balanced unlocking condition, i.e. battery unit and be in discharge and recharge
End and voltage extreme difference are more than 50mV, if meeting, go to step (3), and step (6) is gone to if being unsatisfactory for.
(3) equalization control module produces the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal for needing battery balanced discharge and recharge metal-oxide-semiconductor in a balanced way,
And equalizing circuit module is transported to, while generation control signal makes charger reduce the charging and discharging currents of battery pack.
(4) equalizing circuit module opens opening for corresponding charging and discharging circuit according to the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal for receiving
Close, carry out active equalization process.
(5) equalization control module judges whether cell voltage meets balanced closedown condition, i.e. voltage extreme difference less than 50mV, if
Satisfaction then goes to (6), otherwise goes to (3).
(6) equalizing circuit is closed, equilibrium terminates.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of equalising control device in groups of energy storage liquid metal cell, it is characterised in that the liquid metal including N number of series connection
Battery unit, voltage detection module, equalization control module and equalizing circuit module, wherein, N >=0, and N is integer；
The liquid metal cell unit is made up of the several sections of liquid metal cell monomers obtained by screening, the performance after screening
Consistent liquid metal cell monomer is placed in same incubator, according to the mode after first going here and there simultaneously in groups, constitutes liquid gold
Category battery unit, N number of liquid metal cell unit by incubator outside lead connected；
The voltage detection module is used to detect the terminal voltage data of N number of liquid metal cell unit, and voltage data is conveyed
To equalization control module；
The voltage data of each battery unit of the equalization control module receiving voltage detection module, and according to each battery unit
The balanced object of voltage selection and balanced opportunity, produce the pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal of respective switch, and PWM is driven
Dynamic signal is transported to equalizing circuit module for controlling turning on and off for respective switch pipe；
The equalizing circuit module is a kind of inductive type equalizing circuit based on switch matrix.
2. equalising control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the inductive type in the equalizing circuit module is balanced
Circuit includes 2N metal-oxide-semiconductor, 2 (N+1) individual diodes and a balanced inductance,
Wherein, described 2 (N+1) individual diode, connected in addition to diode D11 and diode D2N+1 a metal-oxide-semiconductor, above-mentioned two
Pole pipe is serially connected between battery unit and balanced inductance to prevent battery short circuit；The diode D11 and diode D2N+1 do not go here and there
Metal-oxide-semiconductor is connect, for balanced inductance provides continuous current circuit.
3. equalising control device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that Schottky two of the diode from low pressure drop
Pole pipe.
4. a kind of grouping charging and discharging balance control method of energy storage liquid metal cell, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1. a collection of battery is screened, liquid metal cell monomer is carried out into discharge capacity, voltage platform and coulombic efficiency three
The screening of individual reference quantity, screening draws the consistent several sections of liquid metal cell monomers of performance；
S2. by the consistent several sections of liquid metal cell monomers of the performance after screening according to mode in parallel after first connecting, composition one
Individual liquid metal cell unit；
S3. by screening for several times, several liquid metal cell units are obtained；
S4. the several liquid metal cell units for obtaining will be screened to be connected from excellent to bad according to performance, echelon is utilized, to string
The liquid metal cell unit discharge and recharge of connection is monitored and Balance route.
5. charge and discharge balancing control method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that in step S1, the screening of the battery
Process is comprised the following steps：
S11. charge-discharge test first is carried out to a collection of liquid metal cell of theoretical discharge capacity identical, filters out discharge capacity poor
Different one group of liquid metal cell 2%；
S12. carry out 0.2C standards rate charge-discharge 2 to the liquid metal cell group after screening again to enclose, be defined by the second circle, screen
Go out one group liquid metal cell of the voltage platform difference within 0.02V；
S13. carry out 0.2C standards rate charge-discharge 10 to the one group of liquid metal cell for newly filtering out to enclose, filter out coulombic efficiency
One group liquid metal cell of the difference within 0.5%, as uniformity preferably a collection of liquid metal cell monomer.
6. charge and discharge balancing control method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that in step s 4, to liquid metal electricity
Pool unit discharge and recharge is monitored and Balance route process is comprised the following steps：
S41. by each battery cell voltage data of data collecting module collected, and it is transported to equalization control module；
S42. equalization control module judges whether cell voltage meets balanced unlocking condition, if meeting, goes to step S43, if
It is unsatisfactory for, goes to step S46；
S43. equalization control module produces the pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal for needing battery balanced discharge and recharge metal-oxide-semiconductor in a balanced way,
And equalizing circuit module is transported to, while generation control signal makes charger reduce the charging and discharging currents of battery pack；
S44. equalizing circuit module opens corresponding charging and discharging circuit according to the pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal for receiving
Switching tube, carries out active equalization process；
S45. equalization control module judges whether cell voltage meets balanced closedown condition, goes to step S46 if meeting, otherwise
Go to step S43；
S46. equalising control device is closed, equilibrium terminates.
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| CN110015130A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-07-16 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization system, vehicle, battery equalization method and storage medium |
| CN112133976A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-25 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Battery pack module balancing method |
| WO2022134320A1 (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-30 | 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 | Battery equalization method and apparatus, and battery management system |
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| CN110015130A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-07-16 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization system, vehicle, battery equalization method and storage medium |
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