CN103887836A - Battery management system and method - Google Patents
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- CN103887836A CN103887836A CN201210560008.4A CN201210560008A CN103887836A CN 103887836 A CN103887836 A CN 103887836A CN 201210560008 A CN201210560008 A CN 201210560008A CN 103887836 A CN103887836 A CN 103887836A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery management system and method. The battery management system comprises battery packs, battery management units and a battery pack management unit. Each battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series; each battery pack is connected with one battery management unit correspondingly; each battery management unit controls and manages the balance in the corresponding battery pack; the battery pack management unit is connected with the plurality of battery management units so as to manage the balance between the plurality of battery packs. Through the above method, the balance between the single batteries and the balance between the battery packs are realized; and the capacity between the single batteries and the capacity between the battery packs are consistent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery management field, particularly relate to a kind of battery management system and method thereof.
Background technology
The balancing technique of battery management system can change the electric current discharging and recharging between different batteries or charge and discharge accumulative total electric weight, is to solve the battery key technology of consistency difference in groups.The large current balance of continuous and effective and correct balanced control strategy, can prevent that consistency difference from appearring in battery, has conclusive effect useful life in groups at battery in index.
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of battery management system in prior art.As shown in Figure 1, in prior art, battery management system comprises battery detection device, multiple resistance and multiple metal-oxide-semiconductor, in prior art, battery management system adopts passive type equilibrium, be that battery detection device detects each battery both end voltage, at cell voltage during higher than a certain threshold value, with the metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting of this cell parallel, with the battery that electric voltage equalization is not yet full of to other.In prior art, battery management system adopts resistance to carry out equilibrium, produces very large heat dissipation in the time of equilibrium, need to increase heat dissipation design, increases cost.In addition, in prior art, battery management system can only be realized the equilibrium between battery cell, cannot realize the equilibrium between battery pack.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of battery management system and method thereof, to realize the equilibrium between equilibrium and the battery pack between battery cell.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of battery management system is provided, comprise multiple battery pack, multiple battery management unit, battery set management unit, wherein, each battery pack forms by multiple batteries is monomer series-connected, a battery management unit of the corresponding connection of each battery pack, equilibrium in battery pack corresponding to each battery management unit control and management, battery set management unit is connected with multiple battery management units, for managing the equilibrium between multiple battery pack.
Wherein, battery management unit comprises:
Acquisition module, voltage and the temperature signal of each batteries monomer in collection battery pack;
Filtering Analysis module, receives voltage and temperature signal that acquisition module gathers, and carries out filtering and analyzing and processing, obtains battery capacity corresponding to each batteries monomer;
The first balance module, is connected with Filtering Analysis module, and the first balance module carries out equilibrium to each batteries monomer in battery pack;
Balanced control module, is connected with the first balance module, and balanced control module is according to battery capacity control the first balance module;
The first communication module, for battery set management unit communication.
Wherein, battery set management unit comprises:
Operational analysis module, carries out operational analysis by the capacity information that obtains each battery pack;
The second balance module, according to the operational analysis result of operational analysis module to carrying out equilibrium between multiple battery pack;
The second communication module, for communicating by letter with battery management unit.
Wherein, the first balance module and the second balance module include an equalizing circuit, and equalizing circuit comprises:
The first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, the first diode, the second diode, the first diode first end connects the first electric capacity first end, and the second diode first end connects the first end of the second electric capacity;
The first resistance, the second resistance, the first resistance first end connects the first electric capacity first end, and the second resistance first end connects the first end of the second electric capacity;
The first metal-oxide-semiconductor, the grid of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the first resistance first end;
The second metal-oxide-semiconductor, the grid of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the second resistance first end, and the drain electrode of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the drain electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The 3rd diode, the 4th diode, the 3rd diode first end, the 4th diode first end connect the drain electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The first inductance, the first inductance first end connects the 3rd diode first end;
The 3rd electric capacity, the 4th electric capacity, the 3rd electric capacity first end, the 4th electric capacity first end connect first inductance the second end;
The first battery, the second battery, the first battery first end, the second battery first end connect first inductance the second end;
Wherein, second battery the second end, the 4th electric capacity the second end, the 4th diode the second end, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor source electrode, second resistance the second end are connected with second diode the second end;
First battery the second end, the 3rd electric capacity the second end, the 3rd diode the second end, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor source electrode, first resistance the second end are connected with first diode the second end.
Wherein, in the first balance module, the first battery and the second battery are single battery monomer, and first electric capacity the second end, second electric capacity the second end connect the control signal of battery management unit;
In the second balance module, the first battery and the second battery are battery pack, and first electric capacity the second end, second electric capacity the second end connect the control signal of battery set management unit.
Wherein, the first balance module and the second balance module all adopt active equalization circuit design.
When the capacity of Capacity Ratio second battery of the first battery is high, from the fixing square-wave pulse of the second end input duty cycle of the first electric capacity, drive the first metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting in the high level part of square wave, by the stored energy of the first battery in the first inductance, low level part the first metal-oxide-semiconductor cut-off at square wave is turn-offed, the energy of the first inductance storage passes through the 4th diode continuousing flow, then becomes level and smooth electric current to charge to the second battery through the 4th capacitor filtering, and the energy of the first battery is moved to the second battery.
When the capacity of Capacity Ratio second battery of the first battery is low, from the fixing square-wave pulse of the second end input duty cycle of the second electric capacity, drive the second metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting in the low level part of square wave, by the stored energy of the second battery in the first inductance, high level part the second metal-oxide-semiconductor cut-off at square wave is turn-offed, the energy of the first inductance storage passes through the 3rd diode continuousing flow, then becomes level and smooth electric current to charge to the first battery through the 3rd capacitor filtering, and the energy of the second battery is moved to the first battery.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, another technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of battery management method is provided, and it comprises:
Utilize the equilibrium of the interior each battery cell of group of the multiple battery pack of corresponding management respectively of multiple battery management units;
Utilize an equilibrium between the multiple battery pack of battery set management Single Component Management.
Wherein, the communication between battery management unit and battery set management unit adopts CAN communication protocol.
Wherein, under charging and discharging pattern, battery management unit and battery set management unit all can do equilibrium, wherein, when certain battery cell in each battery pack approaches while overcharging, corresponding battery management unit is assigned to the charging current that this approaches the battery cell overcharging in the battery cell that in battery pack, other are not yet full of; In the time producing capacity volume variance between different battery pack, the energy distribution of battery pack high capacity is arrived the low battery pack of other capacity by battery set management unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the situation that is different from prior art, the present invention is by a battery management unit of the corresponding connection of each battery pack, equilibrium in battery pack corresponding to each battery management unit control and management, battery set management unit is connected with multiple battery management units, for managing the equilibrium between multiple battery pack, to realize the equilibrium between equilibrium and the battery pack between battery cell, and capacity between battery cell and battery pack has consistency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of battery management system in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the battery management system of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of battery management unit in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of battery set management unit in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of equalizing circuit in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the battery management method of first embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the battery management system of first embodiment of the invention.The battery management system that the present embodiment discloses comprises: multiple battery pack 10, multiple battery management unit (Battery Management Unit, BMU) 20, battery set management unit 30.Wherein, each battery pack 10 forms by multiple batteries is monomer series-connected, a battery management unit 20 of each battery pack 10 corresponding connections, equilibrium in battery pack 10 corresponding to each battery management unit 20 control and management, battery set management unit 30 is connected with multiple battery management units 20, for managing the equilibrium between multiple battery pack 10.Preferably, each battery pack 10 comprises 12 battery cells, i.e. battery B1-B12.In the present embodiment, the communication between battery management unit 20 and battery set management unit 30 adopts CAN(ControllerArea Network, controller local area network) communication protocol.
Referring again to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of battery management unit in Fig. 2.As shown in Figure 3, the battery management unit 20 that the present embodiment discloses comprises: acquisition module 201, Filtering Analysis module 202, balanced control module 203, the first balance module 204 and the first communication module 205.
In the present embodiment, acquisition module 201 is responsible for gathering voltage and the temperature signal of the interior each batteries monomer of battery pack 10, gathers voltage and the temperature signal of battery B1-B12.Filtering Analysis module 202 is connected with acquisition module 201, to receive voltage and the temperature signal of each batteries monomer from acquisition module 201, and voltage and temperature signal is carried out to filtering and analyzing and processing, to obtain battery capacity corresponding to each batteries monomer.The first balance module 204 is connected with Filtering Analysis module 202, to obtain battery capacity corresponding to each batteries monomer from Filtering Analysis module 202, and the first balance module 204 carries out equilibrium to the interior each batteries monomer of battery pack 10, so that the battery capacity equilibrium of battery pack 10 interior each batteries.
In the present embodiment, balanced control module 203 is connected with the first balance module 204, and balanced control module 203 is according to battery capacity control the first balance module 204.Particularly, balanced control module 203 is obtained battery capacity corresponding to each batteries monomer from the first balance module 204, if the battery capacity that each batteries monomer is corresponding is unbalanced, balanced control module 203 is controlled the first balance module 204 the interior each batteries monomer of battery pack 10 is carried out to equilibrium; If the battery capacity equilibrium that each batteries monomer is corresponding, balanced control module 203 is controlled the first balance module 204 and is stopped the interior each batteries monomer of battery pack 10 to carry out equilibrium.In addition, battery management unit 20 is communicated by letter with battery set management unit 30 by the first communication module 205.
As shown in Figure 4, the battery set management unit 30 that the present embodiment discloses comprises: the second communication module 301, operational analysis module 302 and the second balance module 303.Wherein, battery set management unit 30 communicates with battery management unit 20 by the second communication module 301 and the first communication module 205.
In the present embodiment, the capacity information that obtains each battery pack 10 is carried out operating analysis by operational analysis module 302, to obtain the capacity of each battery pack 10.The second balance module 303 is connected with operational analysis module 302, and according to the operational analysis result of operational analysis module 302 to carrying out equilibrium between multiple battery pack 10, so that the capacity equilibrium of each battery pack 10.In the present embodiment, the first balance module 204 and the second balance module 303 include an equalizing circuit 40.As shown in Figure 5, the equalizing circuit 40 that the present embodiment discloses comprises:
The first electric capacity 401, the second electric capacity 402, the first diode 403, the second diode 404, the first diode 403 first ends 4031 connect the first end 4021 that the first electric capacity 401 first end 4011, the second diode 404 first ends 4041 connect the second electric capacity 402;
The first resistance 405, the second resistance 406, the first resistance 405 first ends 4051 connect the first end 4021 that the first electric capacity 401 first end 4011, the second resistance 406 first ends 4061 connect the second electric capacity 402;
The grid of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 407, the first metal-oxide-semiconductors 407 connects the first resistance 405 first ends 4051;
The drain electrode that the grid of the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 408, the second metal-oxide-semiconductors 408 connects the second resistance 406 first end 4061, the second metal-oxide-semiconductors 408 connects the drain electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 407;
The 3rd diode 409, the 4th diode 410, the three diode 409 first ends 4091, the 4th diode 410 first ends 4101 connect the drain electrode of the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 407;
The first inductance 415, the first inductance 415 first ends 4051 connect the 3rd diode 409 first ends 4091;
The 3rd electric capacity 411, the 4th electric capacity 412, the three electric capacity 411 first ends 4111, the 4th electric capacity 412 first ends 4121 connect the first inductance 415 second ends 4152;
The first battery 413, the second battery 414, the first battery 413 first ends 4131, the second battery 414 first ends 4141 connect the first inductance 415 second ends 4152;
Wherein, the second battery 414 second ends 4142, the 4th electric capacity 412 second ends 4122, the 4th diode 410 second ends 4102, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 408 source electrodes, the second resistance 406 second ends 4062 are connected with the second diode 404 second ends 4042;
The first battery 413 second ends 4132, the 3rd electric capacity 411 second ends 4112, the 3rd diode 409 second ends 4092, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 407 source electrodes, the first resistance 405 second ends 4052 are connected with the first diode 403 second ends 4032.
Below describe the operation principle of equalizing circuit 40 in detail:
In the time that the capacity of Capacity Ratio second battery 414 of the first battery 413 is high, from the fixing square-wave pulse of the second end 4012 input duty cycles of the first electric capacity 401, drive the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 407 conductings in the high level part of square wave, by the stored energy of the first battery 413 in the first inductance 415, low level part the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 413 cut-offs at square wave are turn-offed, the energy that the first inductance 415 is stored is by the 4th diode 410 afterflows, be filtered into level and smooth electric current through the 4th electric capacity 412 again and charge to the second battery 414, the energy of the first battery 413 is moved to the second battery 414.
In the time that the capacity of Capacity Ratio second battery 414 of the first battery 413 is low, from the fixing square-wave pulse of the second end 4022 input duty cycles of the second electric capacity 402, drive the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 408 conductings in the low level part of square wave, by the stored energy of the second battery 414 in the first inductance 415, high level part the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 408 cut-offs at square wave are turn-offed, the energy that the first inductance 415 is stored is by the 3rd diode 409 afterflows, be filtered into level and smooth electric current through the 3rd electric capacity 411 again and charge to the first battery 413, the energy of the second battery 414 is moved to the first battery 413.
In the first balance module 204, the first battery 413 and the second battery 414 are single battery monomer, and the first electric capacity 401 second ends 4012, the second electric capacity 402 second ends 4022 connect the control signal of battery management unit 20.
In the second balance module 303, the first battery 413 and the second battery 414 are battery pack 10, and the first electric capacity 401 second ends 4012, the second electric capacity 402 second ends 4022 connect the control signal of battery set management unit 30.
In the present embodiment, battery management system that the present embodiment discloses is by a battery management unit 20 of each battery pack 10 corresponding connections, equilibrium in battery pack 10 corresponding to each battery management unit 20 control and management, battery set management unit 30 is connected with multiple battery management units 20, for managing the equilibrium between multiple battery pack 10, to realize the equilibrium between equilibrium and the battery pack 10 between battery cell, and capacity between battery cell and battery pack 10 has consistency.
Refer to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the battery management method of first embodiment of the invention.On the basis of the battery management system of first embodiment of the invention, be described, as shown in Figure 6, battery management method comprises:
Step 601: utilize the equilibrium of the interior each battery cell of group of the multiple battery pack 10 of corresponding management respectively of multiple battery management units 20;
Step 602: utilize a battery set management unit 30 to manage the equilibrium between multiple battery pack 10.
In the present embodiment, under charging and discharging pattern, battery management unit 20 and battery set management unit 30 all can do equilibrium, wherein, when certain battery cell in each battery pack 10 approaches while overcharging, corresponding battery management unit 20 is assigned to this charging current that approaches the battery cell overcharging in battery pack 10 in other battery cells that are not yet full of; In the time producing capacity volume variance between different battery pack 10, the energy distribution of battery pack high capacity 10 is arrived the low battery pack 10 of other capacity by battery set management unit 30.
Wherein, communication between battery management unit 20 and battery set management unit 30 adopts CAN communication protocol, and the first balance module 204 and the second balance module 303 all adopt the active equalizing circuit design of noenergy loss, there is no heat dissipation problems, so euqalizing current can be larger, the Capacity uniformity between battery cell and battery pack 10 can well be maintained, under charging and discharging pattern, equilibrium can be done.
In sum, of the present invention by a battery management unit of the corresponding connection of each battery pack, equilibrium in battery pack corresponding to each battery management unit control and management, battery set management unit is connected with multiple battery management units, for managing the equilibrium between multiple battery pack, to realize the equilibrium between equilibrium and the battery pack between battery cell, and capacity between battery cell and battery pack has consistency.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a battery management system, it is characterized in that, described battery management system comprises multiple battery pack, multiple battery management unit, battery set management unit, wherein each described battery pack forms by multiple batteries is monomer series-connected, a described battery management unit of the corresponding connection of each described battery pack, equilibrium described in each in described battery pack corresponding to battery management unit control and management, described battery set management unit is connected with multiple described battery management units, for managing the equilibrium between multiple described battery pack.
2. battery management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described battery management unit comprises:
Acquisition module, described acquisition module is responsible for gathering voltage and the temperature signal of each batteries monomer in described battery pack;
Filtering Analysis module, described Filtering Analysis module receives described voltage and the temperature signal that described acquisition module gathers, and carries out filtering and analyzing and processing, obtains battery capacity corresponding to each batteries monomer;
The first balance module, is connected with described Filtering Analysis module, and described the first balance module carries out equilibrium to each batteries monomer in described battery pack;
Balanced control module, is connected with described the first balance module, and described balanced control module is according to the first balance module described in battery capacity control;
The first communication module, for described battery set management unit communication.
3. battery management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described battery set management unit comprises:
Operational analysis module, the capacity information that obtains each battery pack is carried out operational analysis by described operational analysis module;
The second balance module, described the second balance module according to the operational analysis result of described operational analysis module to carrying out equilibrium between multiple described battery pack;
The second communication module, for communicating by letter with described battery management unit.
4. according to battery management system described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described the first balance module and described the second balance module include an equalizing circuit, and described equalizing circuit comprises:
The first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, the first diode, the second diode, described the first diode first end connects described the first electric capacity first end, and described the second diode first end connects the first end of described the second electric capacity;
The first resistance, the second resistance, described the first resistance first end connects described the first electric capacity first end, and described the second resistance first end connects the first end of described the second electric capacity;
The first metal-oxide-semiconductor, the grid of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor connects described the first resistance first end;
The second metal-oxide-semiconductor, the grid of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor connects described the second resistance first end, and the drain electrode of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the drain electrode of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The 3rd diode, the 4th diode, described the 3rd diode first end, described the 4th diode first end connect the drain electrode of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The first inductance, described the first inductance first end connects the 3rd diode first end;
The 3rd electric capacity, the 4th electric capacity, described the 3rd electric capacity first end, described the 4th electric capacity first end connect described first inductance the second end;
The first battery, the second battery, described the first battery first end, the second battery first end connect described first inductance the second end;
Wherein, described second battery the second end, the 4th electric capacity the second end, the 4th diode the second end, the second metal-oxide-semiconductor source electrode, second resistance the second end are connected with second diode the second end;
Described first battery the second end, the 3rd electric capacity the second end, the 3rd diode the second end, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor source electrode, first resistance the second end are connected with first diode the second end.
5. battery management system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in described the first balance module, described the first battery and described the second battery are single battery monomer, and described first electric capacity the second end, described second electric capacity the second end connect the control signal of described battery management unit;
In described the second balance module, described the first battery and described the second battery are battery pack, and described first electric capacity the second end, described second electric capacity the second end connect the control signal of described battery set management unit.
6. battery management system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described the first balance module and described the second balance module all adopt active equalization circuit design.
7. battery management system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, when described in the Capacity Ratio of described the first battery, the capacity of the second battery is high, from the fixing square-wave pulse of the second end input duty cycle of described the first electric capacity, drive described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting in the high level part of square wave, by the stored energy of described the first battery in described the first inductance, turn-off in the first metal-oxide-semiconductor cut-off described in the low level part of square wave, the energy of described the first inductance storage is by the 4th diode continuousing flow, become level and smooth electric current to charge to described the second battery through the 4th capacitor filtering again, the energy of described the first battery is moved to described the second battery.
When described in the Capacity Ratio of described the first battery, the capacity of the second battery is low, from the fixing square-wave pulse of the second end input duty cycle of described the second electric capacity, drive described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting in the low level part of square wave, by the stored energy of described the second battery in described the first inductance, turn-off in the second metal-oxide-semiconductor cut-off described in the high level part of square wave, the energy of described the first inductance storage is by the 3rd diode continuousing flow, become level and smooth electric current to charge to described the first battery through the 3rd capacitor filtering again, the energy of described the second battery is moved to described the first battery.
8. a battery management method, is characterized in that, described battery management method comprises:
Utilize the equilibrium of the interior each battery cell of group of the multiple battery pack of corresponding management respectively of multiple battery management units;
Utilize an equilibrium between the multiple described battery pack of battery set management Single Component Management.
9. battery management method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the communication between described battery management unit and described battery set management unit adopts CAN communication protocol.
10. battery management method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, under charging and discharging pattern, described battery management unit and described battery set management unit all can do equilibrium, wherein:
When certain battery cell in battery pack described in each approaches while overcharging, corresponding described battery management unit is assigned to this charging current that approaches the battery cell overcharging in described battery pack in other battery cells that are not yet full of;
In the time producing capacity volume variance between different described battery pack, the energy distribution of battery pack high capacity is arrived the low battery pack of other capacity by described battery set management unit.
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| CN105703425A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-06-22 | 上海航盛实业有限公司 | Battery management system |
| CN106573551A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2017-04-19 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for connecting multiple battery cells of a battery and battery system having a battery with multiple battery cells and multiple battery-cell-monitoring modules which are respectively assigned to a battery cell |
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| CN107210614A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2017-09-26 | 标致·雪铁龙汽车公司 | The charging management method of electrochemical cell |
| CN108016310A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of battery management system and its energy management method of Distributed logic formula |
| CN109523772A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 东莞钜威动力技术有限公司 | A kind of voltage data transmission method, device, terminal and storage medium |
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| CN113725975A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-30 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Double-layer capacitance resistance battery equalization circuit |
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