CN106684475A - Method for sorting lithium iron phosphate batteries - Google Patents
Method for sorting lithium iron phosphate batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN106684475A CN106684475A CN201710027553.XA CN201710027553A CN106684475A CN 106684475 A CN106684475 A CN 106684475A CN 201710027553 A CN201710027553 A CN 201710027553A CN 106684475 A CN106684475 A CN 106684475A
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- Prior art keywords
- ferric phosphate
- lithium cell
- phosphate lithium
- discharge
- voltage
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for sorting lithium iron phosphate batteries and belongs to the field of battery sorting and grouping. The problem that the two voltage platforms of different lithium iron phosphate batteries are in little difference and the batteries are difficult to distinguish can be solved. The method comprises the following steps of: respectively performing charge/discharge test on n lithium iron phosphate battery monomers; reserving the lithium iron phosphate battery monomers with the charge/discharge capacity more than or equal to C1 but less than or equal to C2; respectively performing direct current internal resistance test on the reserved lithium iron phosphate battery monomers; reserving the lithium iron phosphate battery monomers with the direct current internal resistance more than or equal to R1 but less than or equal to R2; performing small ratio current charging discharging test on the lithium iron phosphate batteries and drawing a changing curve of voltage to capacity increment Delta Q/Delta V; extracting three extreme values of the curve of voltage to capacity increment Delta Q/Delta V; utilizing the three extreme values as feature points of a clustering algorithm; and clustering and grouping the secondarily screened batteries, thereby realizing the sorting of the lithium iron phosphate batteries. The method is suitable for the sorting of the lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to battery sorting combo field, and in particular to a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell method for separating.
Background technology
Ferric phosphate lithium cell is the primary energy source of electric automobile, but is limited to the capacity of cell, voltage, energy and has
The reasons such as limit, it is necessary to after by connection in series-parallel in groups, can be only achieved for applicable voltage class, energy grade and power grade
Requirement.The quantity of stack battery is directly related with the specification of cell, energy supply application demand.But due to battery cell it
Between consistent sex differernce cause battery in groups after overall performance be limited by the worst cell of performance, especially with the longevity
Life is even more the service life significantly lower than battery cell, and such case makes the energy supply application of ferric phosphate lithium cell have a greatly reduced quality, both
The performance of battery performance is limited, use cost is improve again.
For such case, battery sorting technology is occurred in that, i.e., before battery is in groups, by technological means from numerous electricity
The close cell of uniformity is filtered out in pond, the battery cell that exclusion differs greatly reduces the bad shadow of " wooden pail effect "
Ring, combo is carried out after sorting technology screens battery, improve the overall performance of battery pack and increase the service life.
However, sorting technology traditional at present is mostly to be with the external characteristics parameter such as the capacity of cell, voltage, internal resistance
Index is screened, and is characterized in that screening time is short, and efficiency high can quickly complete sorting, and it has the disadvantage to join with these external characteristics
Number can only often ensure the uniformity of these indexs for the cell that index screening goes out, it is impossible to reflect inside battery feature
Uniformity.Voltage platform difference very little between different ferric phosphate lithium cells, it is difficult to make a distinction, it is in this case, conventional
Method for separating also just lose meaning.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve two voltage platform difference very littles between different ferric phosphate lithium cells, it is difficult to make a distinction
Problem, it is proposed that a kind of method for separating of ferric phosphate lithium cell.
A kind of method for separating of ferric phosphate lithium cell of the present invention, the method is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step one, carry out charge-discharge test respectively to n ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer, n ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer
Charge and discharge are identical by voltage, record the n discharge capacity of ferric phosphate lithium cell, retain discharge capacity satisfaction and are more than or equal to
Ferric phosphate lithium cell monomers of the C1 less than or equal to C2, completes to screen for the first time；Wherein, n is the integer more than 10, and C1 and C2 are equal
It is positive number, and C1 ＜ C2；
Step 2, the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomers to all completions screening for the first time carry out DC internal resistance test respectively, protect
Stay DC internal resistance value to meet the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer more than or equal to R1 less than or equal to R2, complete programmed screening；R1、
R2 is positive number, and R1 ＜ R2；
Step 3, the ferric phosphate lithium cell to completing programmed screening carry out small multiplying power current charge-discharge electrical testing, draw every
The discharge time of individual ferric phosphate lithium cell and discharge voltage change curve, discharge time and discharge voltage from ferric phosphate lithium cell
Curve of the voltage change range less than m is intercepted in change curve；And extract the electricity corresponding to curve of the voltage change range less than m
Pressure value；The magnitude of voltage corresponding to curve using the voltage change range less than m is abscissa, draws voltage and capacity increment
The change curve of Δ Q/ Δs V；Wherein Δ Q is the variable quantity of battery capacity, and Δ V is the variable quantity of the voltage of battery, and m is 0.25V.
Three extreme values of the incremental capacity plot of step 4, extraction voltage and Δ Q/ Δs V, and using three described extreme values
Used as the characteristic point of clustering algorithm, the battery to completing programmed screening carries out Clustering, realizes to ferric phosphate lithium cell point
Choosing.
The present invention is not only sorted from surfaces such as battery actual discharge capacity, DC internal resistances to battery, also by phosphorus
The voltage platform curve of sour lithium iron battery is converted into the incremental capacity plot more sensitive the difference between different monomers battery, leads to
Cross carries out capacity increment analysis to battery, and battery is sorted from the electrochemistry bulk properties of battery, the monomer electricity for sub-electing
The battery pack of pond composition can be after charge and discharge cycles 100 times, and the inducing capacity fading of battery pack is less than 7%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the invention；
Fig. 2 is the discharge time and discharge voltage change curve described in specific embodiment one；In figure, dotted line is the time
Current curve, solid line is time voltage curve；
Fig. 3 is the change curve of the voltage described in specific embodiment one and capacity increment Δ Q/ Δs V.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Specific embodiment one, with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 illustrate present embodiment, a kind of ferric phosphate described in present embodiment
The method for separating of lithium battery, the method is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step one, carry out charge-discharge test respectively to n ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer, n ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer
Charge and discharge are identical by voltage, record the n discharge capacity of ferric phosphate lithium cell, retain discharge capacity satisfaction and are more than or equal to
Ferric phosphate lithium cell monomers of the C1 less than or equal to C2, completes to screen for the first time；Wherein, n is the integer more than 10, a, C1 and C2
It is positive number, and C1 ＜ C2；
Step 2, the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomers to all completions screening for the first time carry out DC internal resistance test respectively, protect
Stay DC internal resistance value to meet the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer more than or equal to R1 less than or equal to R2, complete programmed screening；R1、
R2 is positive number, and R1 ＜ R2；
Step 3, the ferric phosphate lithium cell to completing programmed screening carry out small multiplying power current charge-discharge electrical testing, draw every
The discharge time of individual ferric phosphate lithium cell and discharge voltage change curve, discharge time and discharge voltage from ferric phosphate lithium cell
Curve of the voltage change range less than m is intercepted in change curve；And extract the electricity corresponding to curve of the voltage change range less than m
Pressure value；The magnitude of voltage corresponding to curve using the voltage change range less than m is abscissa, draws voltage and capacity increment
The change curve of Δ Q/ Δs V；Wherein Δ Q is the variable quantity of battery capacity, and Δ V is the variable quantity of the voltage of battery, and m is 0.25V.
Three extreme values of the incremental capacity plot of step 4, extraction voltage and Δ Q/ Δs V, and using three described extreme values
Used as the characteristic point of clustering algorithm, the battery to completing programmed screening carries out Clustering, realizes to ferric phosphate lithium cell point
Choosing.
The present invention combines the external behavior and bulk properties of battery, is both sorted by the voltage and AC internal Resistance of battery
Combo, and two charging voltage platform curves of zinc-silver oxide cell are separately converted to quicker the difference between different monomers battery
The incremental capacity plot of sense, capacity increment analysis is carried out by battery, and battery is carried out from the electrochemistry bulk properties of battery
Sorting combo.
Specific embodiment two, present embodiment is dividing to a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell described in specific embodiment one
Choosing method is further illustrated, in step one：
It is to the process that n ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer carries out charge-discharge test respectively：By the monomer to be measured electricity of 0%SOC
Pond with 0.5C multiplying powers constant-current charge to blanking voltage 3.6V, after standing 1 hour, with 1C multiplying powers current discharge to blanking voltage 2.0V
After stop, completion charge-discharge test is carried out to ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer.
Specific embodiment three, present embodiment is dividing to a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell described in specific embodiment one
Further illustrating for method for group matching is selected, the battery of pair completion programmed screening carries out small multiplying power current charge-discharge electrical measurement described in step 3
The current ratio of examination is 1/20C~1/5C, and C is unit, and dimension is 1/h, i.e. the inverse of hour.
Specific embodiment four, present embodiment is dividing to a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell described in specific embodiment one
Choosing method is further illustrated, and the computational methods of C1 and C2 described in step one are：To the n discharge capacity value of battery cell
Average C0, calculates η %, C1=C0- η %C0, C2=C0+ the η %C0 of the average value, wherein, 3≤η≤5.
Specific embodiment five, present embodiment is dividing to a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell described in specific embodiment one
Choosing method is further illustrated, and the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer of screening for the first time pair is completed in present embodiment, described in step 2
The method for not carrying out DC internal resistance test is：It is 20%~80% scope to capacity to use mixed pulses power-performance method of testing
Interior ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer carries out discharge and recharge, when the capacity of ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer often increases or decreases 10%, record
The internal charging resistance R of ferric phosphate lithium cell monomercharOr electric discharge internal resistance Rdischar。
Specific embodiment six, present embodiment is dividing to a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell described in specific embodiment six
Further illustrating for method for group matching is selected, in present embodiment, the computational methods of internal resistance threshold value R1 and internal resistance threshold value R2 are：Using public affairs
Formula：The mean direct internal resistance R0 of each ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer is sought, the resistance is calculated and is averaged
θ %, R1=R0- θ %R0, R2=R0+ the θ %R0 of R0, wherein, 5≤θ≤8.
Specific embodiment seven, present embodiment is to a kind of zinc-silver electrokinetic cell sorting described in specific embodiment one
Method is further illustrated, and in present embodiment, the scope of Δ V described in step 3 is 2mV~4mV.
Specific embodiment eight, present embodiment is dividing to a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell described in specific embodiment one
Further illustrating for method for group matching is selected, in present embodiment, the clustering algorithm described in step 4 is：K mean algorithms, Fuzzy C is equal
Value-based algorithm, using the equilibrium iteration stipulations and clustering algorithm or K central cluster algorithms of hierarchical method.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for separating of ferric phosphate lithium cell, it is characterised in that the method is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step one, carry out charge-discharge test respectively to n ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer, n ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer fills, puts
Electricity is identical by voltage, records the n discharge capacity of ferric phosphate lithium cell, retains discharge capacity satisfaction and is less than more than or equal to C1
Or the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer equal to C2, complete to screen for the first time；Wherein, n is the integer more than 10, and a, C1 and C2 are just
Number, and C1 ＜ C2；
Step 2, the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomers to all completions screening for the first time carry out DC internal resistance test respectively, retain straight
Stream internal resistance value meets the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer more than or equal to R1 less than or equal to R2, completes programmed screening；R1, R2 are equal
It is positive number, and R1 ＜ R2；
Step 3, the ferric phosphate lithium cell to completing programmed screening carry out small multiplying power current charge-discharge electrical testing, draw each phosphorus
The discharge time of sour lithium iron battery and discharge voltage change curve, change from discharge time and the discharge voltage of ferric phosphate lithium cell
Curve of the voltage change range less than m is intercepted in curve；And extract the voltage corresponding to curve of the voltage change range less than m
Value；The magnitude of voltage corresponding to curve using the voltage change range less than m is abscissa, draws voltage and capacity increment Δ
The change curve of Q/ Δs V；Wherein Δ Q is the variable quantity of battery capacity, and Δ V is the variable quantity of the voltage of battery, and m is 0.25V.
Step 4, extract voltage and Δ Q/ Δs V incremental capacity plot three extreme values, and three extreme values described in as
The characteristic point of clustering algorithm, the battery to completing programmed screening carries out Clustering, realizes sorting ferric phosphate lithium cell.
2. the method for separating of a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step one：
It is to the process that n ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer carries out charge-discharge test respectively：By the cell to be measured of 0%SOC with
0.5C multiplying powers constant-current charge to blanking voltage 3.6V, after standing 1 hour, to stop after 1C multiplying powers current discharge to blanking voltage 2.0V
Only, complete to carry out charge-discharge test to ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer.
3. the method for separating of a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to complete described in step 3
Battery into programmed screening carries out the current ratio of small multiplying power current charge-discharge electrical testing for 1/20C~1/5C, and C is unit, amount
Guiding principle is 1/h, i.e. the inverse of hour.
4. the method for separating of a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step one
The computational methods of C1 and C2 are：Average C0 to the discharge capacity value of n battery cell, calculates the η %, C1 of the average value
=C0- η %C0, C2=C0+ η %C0, wherein, 3≤η≤5.
5. the method for separating of a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to complete described in step 2
Ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer into first time screening does not carry out the method for DC internal resistance test and is：Using mixed pulses power-performance
Method of testing is that the ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer in the range of 20%~80% carries out discharge and recharge, ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer to capacity
Capacity when often increasing or decreasing 10%, record the internal charging resistance R of ferric phosphate lithium cell monomercharOr electric discharge internal resistance Rdischar。
6. a kind of method for separating of ferric phosphate lithium cell according to claim 6, it is characterised in that internal resistance threshold value R1 and interior
The computational methods of resistance threshold value R2 are：Using formula：Seek the mean direct of each ferric phosphate lithium cell monomer
Internal resistance R0, calculates the resistance and averages θ %, R1=R0- θ %R0, R2=R0+ the θ %R0 of R0, wherein, 5≤θ≤8.
7. the method for separating of a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step 3
The scope of Δ V is 2mV~4mV.
8. the method for separating of a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that poly- described in step 4
Class algorithm is：K mean algorithms, FCM Algorithms, equilibrium iteration stipulations and clustering algorithm or K centers using hierarchical method
Clustering algorithm.
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| CN108246658A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-07-06 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | A kind of method of ferric phosphate lithium cell conformity classification |
| CN108287312A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-07-17 | 广州市香港科大霍英东研究院 | A kind of method for separating, system and the device of retired battery |
| CN109127472A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2019-01-04 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of FCM smee cell method for separating based on discharge voltage plateau |
| CN109794439A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-05-24 | 河北银隆新能源有限公司 | A kind of lithium battery performance screening technique |
| CN109946616A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-28 | 厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司 | A kind of evaluation method of lithium iron phosphate battery system capacity inequality extent |
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| CN110931897A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-27 | 国网江苏电力设计咨询有限公司 | Sorting method for gradient utilization of lithium iron phosphate batteries |
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| CN111200168A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Lead storage battery automatic matching method based on discharge curve analysis |
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| CN114472229A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 骆驼集团武汉光谷研发中心有限公司 | Battery cell consistency screening method and system |
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| CN109127472B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-08-28 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | FCM silver-zinc battery sorting method based on discharge voltage platform |
| CN109127472A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2019-01-04 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of FCM smee cell method for separating based on discharge voltage plateau |
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| CN110221223A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-09-10 | 昆山正金软件科技有限公司 | A kind of estimation on line method of lithium ion battery SOH |
| CN110441710B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-12-22 | 泰州纳新新能源科技有限公司 | Method for selecting regenerative battery in battery pack |
| CN110441710A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-12 | 盛蕾 | The method of selecting of redgenerated cell in a kind of battery pack |
| CN110596612A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-20 | 上海理工大学 | Selection method of retired lithium battery classification method for face-to-face echelon utilization |
| CN110931897B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-10-11 | 国网江苏电力设计咨询有限公司 | Sorting method for gradient utilization of lithium iron phosphate batteries |
| CN111090053B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-04-22 | 力神（青岛）新能源有限公司 | Method for grading power batteries |
| CN111090053A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-05-01 | 力神动力电池系统有限公司 | Method for grading power batteries |
| CN110931897A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-27 | 国网江苏电力设计咨询有限公司 | Sorting method for gradient utilization of lithium iron phosphate batteries |
| CN111200168B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-01-05 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Lead storage battery automatic matching method based on discharge curve analysis |
| CN111200168A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Lead storage battery automatic matching method based on discharge curve analysis |
| CN112186278B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-10-19 | 珠海冠宇动力电池有限公司 | Lithium ion battery matching method |
| CN112186278A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-05 | 珠海冠宇动力电池有限公司 | Lithium ion battery matching method |
| CN113571788A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-29 | 无锡市产品质量监督检验院 | Method for sorting lithium iron phosphate batteries |
| CN114200324A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-18 | 格林美股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for sorting lithium iron phosphate batteries and storage medium |
| CN114200324B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2024-02-20 | 格林美股份有限公司 | Lithium iron phosphate battery sorting method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN114472229A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 骆驼集团武汉光谷研发中心有限公司 | Battery cell consistency screening method and system |
| CN114472229B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-12-08 | 骆驼集团武汉光谷研发中心有限公司 | Battery cell consistency screening method and system |
| CN116780002A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Retired battery module reorganization method, system, equipment and storage medium |
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