CN106769919A - 一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法 - Google Patents

一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法 Download PDF

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CN106769919A
CN106769919A CN201611054484.3A CN201611054484A CN106769919A CN 106769919 A CN106769919 A CN 106769919A CN 201611054484 A CN201611054484 A CN 201611054484A CN 106769919 A CN106769919 A CN 106769919A
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苏运胜
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Fangchenggang Municipal Bureau Of Quality And Technical Supervision
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Abstract

本发明属于分析化学领域,尤其涉及一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法。一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法,包括以下步骤:(1)制作Cr标准溶液曲线;(2)取废水水样100mL放入烧杯中,加入浓硝酸5mL,在电热板上加热消解;(3)当水样蒸至85mL,再加入5mL浓硝酸和2mL双氧水,继续于电热板上加热消解;(4)当水样蒸至剩余70mL,取下来冷却,待冷却后,加入2mL10%的氯化铵和10mL 3mol/L的HCl,装入比色管中,定容到100mL,若溶液比较混浊,则先过滤再测定;(5)用原子吸收光谱法测定并记录数据结果,将测定结果代入Cr标准溶液曲线,计算,即可得废水中重金属Cr的含量。本发明的方法能够准确测定Cr的含量;本发明的方法可操作性强,成本低廉。

Description

一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法
技术领域
本发明属于分析化学领域,尤其涉及一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法。
背景技术
重金属是指密度在5×103kg/m3以上的金属,如金(Au)、银(Ag)、汞(Hg)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)等。有些重金属通过食物进入人体,干扰人体正常生理功能,危害人体健康,被称为有毒重金属,主要有汞、镉、铬(Cr)、铅、砷(As)、锌(Zn)、锡(Sn)等。其中,砷本属于非金属元素,但根据其化学性质,有鉴于其毒性,一般将其列在有毒重金属元素内。人类活动极易造成水质的重金属污染。人们通过食用水产品,使得重金属在人体内富集,严重损害身体健康。南海禁渔期已结束,东海禁渔期也将结束,我们将要享受美味海鲜的同时,还要小心环境恶化给水产品带来重金属污染的食品安全问题。
重金属富集作用存在水产品中,会使水产生物中毒,进而在人体内累积而无法排出,危害人体健康。重金属对水产动物的毒性一般以汞为最大,汞能在鱼体内大量积聚,其浓缩倍数可达千倍以上。历史上由于食用重金属污染超标的水产品污染事件还是比较多的,如日本的水俣病等,就是由于人们食用富集汞的水产品,鱼对重金属汞的富集能力特别强。富集原理很简单,重金属跟蛋白质结合。从生化的角度来讲,重金属进入人体会替代有益金属元素跟酶的结合能力,导致酶失活。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的缺陷,本发明提供了一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法,该方法检测速度快,易操作。
为了实现上述目的,本发明是采用以下技术方案实现:
一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作Cr标准溶液曲线;
(2)取废水水样100mL放入烧杯中,加入浓硝酸5mL,在电热板上加热消解;
(3)当水样蒸至85mL,再加入5mL浓硝酸和2mL双氧水,继续于电热板上加热消解;
(4)当水样蒸至剩余70mL,取下来冷却,待冷却后,加入2mL10%的氯化铵和10mL3mol/L的HCl,装入比色管中,定容到100mL,若溶液比较混浊,则先过滤再测定;
(5)用原子吸收光谱法测定并记录数据结果,将测定结果代入Cr标准溶液曲线,计算,即可得水中重金属Cr的含量。
作为优选,步骤(2)中电热板上加热消解的条件为:温度100-120℃,时间为60-120min。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明提供的检测方法能够准确测定水中重金属Cr的含量。
(2)本发明提供的检测方法可操作性强,成本低廉。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述,但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
实施例1
一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作Cr标准溶液曲线;
(2)取废水水样100mL放入烧杯中,加入浓硝酸5mL,在电热板上加热消解;电热板上加热消解的条件为:温度100℃,时间为60min;
(3)当水样蒸至85mL,再加入5mL浓硝酸和2mL双氧水,继续于电热板上加热消解;
(4)当水样蒸至剩余70mL,取下来冷却,待冷却后,加入2mL10%的氯化铵和10mL3mol/L的HCl,装入比色管中,定容到100mL,若溶液比较混浊,则先过滤再测定;
(5)用原子吸收光谱法测定并记录数据结果,将测定结果代入Cr标准溶液曲线,计算,即可得废水中重金属Cr的含量。
实施例2
一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作Cr标准溶液曲线;
(2)取废水水样100mL放入烧杯中,加入浓硝酸5mL,在电热板上加热消解;电热板上加热消解的条件为:温度120℃,时间为120min;
(3)当水样蒸至85mL,再加入5mL浓硝酸和2mL双氧水,继续于电热板上加热消解;
(4)当水样蒸至剩余70mL,取下来冷却,待冷却后,加入2mL10%的氯化铵和10mL3mol/L的HCl,装入比色管中,定容到100mL,若溶液比较混浊,则先过滤再测定;
(5)用原子吸收光谱法测定并记录数据结果,将测定结果代入Cr标准溶液曲线,计算,即可得废水中重金属Cr的含量。
实施例3
一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作Cr标准溶液曲线;
(2)取废水水样100mL放入烧杯中,加入浓硝酸5mL,在电热板上加热消解;电热板上加热消解的条件为:温度110℃,时间为90min;
(3)当水样蒸至85mL,再加入5mL浓硝酸和2mL双氧水,继续于电热板上加热消解;
(4)当水样蒸至剩余70mL,取下来冷却,待冷却后,加入2mL10%的氯化铵和10mL3mol/L的HCl,装入比色管中,定容到100mL,若溶液比较混浊,则先过滤再测定;
(5)用原子吸收光谱法测定并记录数据结果,将测定结果代入Cr标准溶液曲线,计算,即可得废水中重金属Cr的含量。
将实施例1-3中废水水样中的Cr的含量进行统计,结果见表1。
表1废水水样中的Cr含量
处理 Cr的含量(mg/L)
实施例1 1.201
实施例2 1.214
实施例3 1.234
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。

Claims (2)

1.一种废水中重金属Cr的测定方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作Cr标准溶液曲线;
(2)取废水水样100mL放入烧杯中,加入浓硝酸5mL,在电热板上加热消解;
(3)当水样蒸至85mL,再加入5mL浓硝酸和2mL双氧水,继续于电热板上加热消解;
(4)当水样蒸至剩余70mL,取下来冷却,待冷却后,加入2mL10%的氯化铵和10mL 3mol/L的HCl,装入比色管中,定容到100mL,若溶液比较混浊,则先过滤再测定;
(5)用原子吸收光谱法测定并记录数据结果,将测定结果代入Cr标准溶液曲线,计算,即可得废水中重金属Cr的含量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的废水中重金属Cr的测定方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中电热板上加热消解的条件为:温度120℃,时间为60-120min。
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CN108827890A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-16 温州新鸿检测技术有限公司 一种废水中重金属的检测方法
CN112461817A (zh) * 2020-12-25 2021-03-09 池州得奇环保科技有限公司 一种icp测定电镀废液中重金属浓度的方法

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108827890A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-16 温州新鸿检测技术有限公司 一种废水中重金属的检测方法
CN112461817A (zh) * 2020-12-25 2021-03-09 池州得奇环保科技有限公司 一种icp测定电镀废液中重金属浓度的方法

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