CN106767668B - Device and method for measuring pressure bearing and deformation of roadway roof - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring pressure bearing and deformation of roadway roof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106767668B CN106767668B CN201710075173.3A CN201710075173A CN106767668B CN 106767668 B CN106767668 B CN 106767668B CN 201710075173 A CN201710075173 A CN 201710075173A CN 106767668 B CN106767668 B CN 106767668B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/18—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring device and a measuring method for roadway roof bearing and deformation, wherein the measuring device comprises a hinge rod (4), a pressure sensor (1) and a deformation measuring instrument (2), and is characterized in that: the hinge rods (4) are connected end to end and fixed on the roadway roof, the pressure sensor (1) is fixed between the two hinge rods (4), two ends of the supporting rod (5) are fixed on the hinge rods (5), and the deformation measuring instrument (2) is fixed on the roadway roof through the supporting rod (5); the measuring device in the prior art can not well measure the surrounding rock pressure and the surrounding rock deformation of the tunnel in real time, and has great influence on the maintenance of the deep mine tunnel and other technical problems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine safety, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring pressure bearing and deformation of a roadway roof.
Background
At present, along with the continuous improvement of coal mining technology in China, the mining depth of coal beds is continuously deepened, and China gradually steps into deep mining stages. However, the problem is that the underground roadway confining pressure and deformation are continuously increased, and the problem is increasingly serious due to the characteristics of high ground stress, high temperature, low temperature, high karst water pressure and the like of deep mining. Therefore, the pressure bearing of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the deformation thereof are clear and are important for the proposal of supporting and maintaining schemes of the roadway.
In the mine exploitation process, the traditional surrounding rock deformation measuring device mainly comprises a measuring tape, a measuring rod and the like; the novel surrounding rock deformation measuring device comprises a surrounding rock surface deformation laser measuring device, a static deformation measuring instrument and the like, and along with the increase of the mining depth of a mine, the deformation of surrounding rock is more complex and changeable, and new requirements are also put forward for the surrounding rock deformation measuring device of a measuring roadway, such as the surrounding rock pressure, the surrounding rock deformation and the like of the measuring roadway; the measuring device in the prior art can not measure the mine tunnel well, and has great influence on the maintenance of the mine tunnel in the deep part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems: the utility model provides a measuring device and measuring method of tunnel roof pressure-bearing and deflection to solve the technical problems that prior art measuring device can not be fine carry out real-time measurement to the country rock pressure and the country rock deflection of tunnel, causes very big influence to the maintenance of deep mine tunnel etc..
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a tunnel roof pressure-bearing and measuring device of deflection, it includes articulated pole, pressure sensor and deflection measuring instrument, and articulated pole end to end is fixed on the tunnel roof, and pressure sensor fixes between two articulated poles, and the bracing piece both ends are fixed on the articulated pole, and deflection measuring instrument passes through the bracing piece to be fixed on the tunnel roof.
The hinge rod is a detachable hinge rod, and the rotation angle is 0 to 20 degrees.
One end of the hinging rod is fixed with a gear, and the center of the gear is provided with a positioning hole; the other end of the hinging rod is provided with a clamping groove, the bottom of the clamping groove is provided with a clamping plug, and two sides of the clamping groove are provided with symmetrical through holes.
The pressure sensor comprises a glass layer, fixing beams are fixed on the periphery of the upper surface of the glass layer, monocrystalline silicon films are covered on the tops of the fixing beams, a vacuum cavity is arranged among the fixing beams, the glass layer and the monocrystalline silicon films, four piezoresistors are arranged on the monocrystalline silicon films and are respectively located at the center positions of four sides of the monocrystalline silicon films, and the four piezoresistors form a Wheatstone bridge.
The deformation measuring instrument comprises a telescopic shell, wherein the telescopic shell is connected with one end of a U-shaped pipe, a hose and a piston are arranged in the telescopic shell, the hose is connected with the piston, a deformation detection sensor is arranged on the end face of the other end of the U-shaped pipe, and graduation marks are marked on the U-shaped pipe.
The measuring method of the measuring device for the pressure bearing and deformation of the roadway roof comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a tunnel section to be measured, and selecting the number and the length of corresponding hinge rods according to the tunnel section size;
and 5, after all the hinging rods are installed, installing a deformation measuring instrument and a pressure sensor between the section of the roadway and the hinging rods.
And 6, connecting signal wires of the deformation measuring instrument and the pressure sensor with wires of a data processing device.
The mounting method for mounting the second hinging rod at the clamping groove end of the first hinging rod comprises the following steps: the gear of the second hinging rod is clamped into the clamping groove of the first hinging rod, the symmetrical through holes on two sides of the clamping groove are aligned with the positioning holes, and the positioning bolts are inserted into the positioning holes; the angle of the hinging rod is adjusted, the gear is clamped by a clamping plug after the angle is adjusted, then the spring washer is sleeved into the positioning bolt, and the fixing nut is screwed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the plurality of hinge rods are fixed on the section of the roadway to be measured, the two ends of the supporting rod are fixed on the hinge rods, the pressure sensor and the deformation measuring instrument are fixed on the section of the roadway, the hinge rods and the supporting rod, and at least one deformation measuring instrument and pressure sensor are fixed on each hinge rod, so that the pressure measuring instrument can measure a plurality of points at the same time, and has the advantage of rapid detection, meanwhile, the measuring instrument does not need manual operation, thereby avoiding measuring errors and improving measuring precision.
The invention is characterized in that:
(1) The invention has the advantages of easy disassembly and assembly, convenient carrying and maintenance, and greatly reduces the labor intensity of monitoring staff;
(2) The invention has reasonable design and simple operation, and has wide practicability in underground roadways of coal mines;
(3) The invention can avoid human factors to the minimum, and can overcome the error caused by the defects of the traditional measuring tool, thereby improving the measuring precision; the roadway deformation and pressure measuring device solves the technical problems that roadway deformation and deformation pressure are measured by the roadway deformation and pressure measuring device in the prior art, measuring errors are large, installation is complex and the like.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic views showing the structure of a hinge rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pressure sensor according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a deformation measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the device for measuring the pressure bearing and deformation of the roadway roof (see figure 1) comprises a pressure sensor 1, a deformation measuring instrument 2, hinging rods 4, wherein the number of the hinging rods 4 is more than 2, and each hinging rod 4 is fixed on the roadway roof after being connected end to end; the pressure sensor 1 is fixed between two articulated rods, so that the pressure sensor is uniformly stressed, the pressure bearing of a roadway can be reflected more, the deformation measuring 2 instrument is used for fixing the bottom on the top plate of the roadway through the supporting rod 5, and the supporting rod 5 is fixed on the articulated rod 4.
The deformation measuring instrument 2 comprises a telescopic shell 11, a hose 10, a piston 6, a U-shaped tube 8, an inductor 9 and scales 7, wherein the telescopic shell 11 can be elastically restored when being compressed and deformed or stretched and deformed, the hose 10 can freely slide in the U-shaped tube 8, scales are carved on the U-shaped tube 8, and each small lattice represents 4 mm. Wherein the telescopic housing 11 is linked with the U-shape 8. The inside contains hose 10 and piston 6, and telescopic shell 11 protects hose 10 from external influence, and hose 10 is connected with piston 6, and hose 10 has certain intensity, and hose 10 can promote piston 6 and remove in U type 8 when pressing, and the in-process inductor 9 can be launched the reading to the treater. When the sinking amount exceeds the preset value by 30cm, the processor gives a warning and records the value, and then the measuring instrument is reinstalled. Compared with the traditional measuring instrument, the measuring instrument has the advantages of small occupied area, high measuring precision and wide application range, and is mainly characterized in that pedestrians, transportation and the like in a roadway cannot be influenced in the measuring process.
The deformation measuring instrument 2 can be purchased from commercial products.
The installation of the deformation measuring instrument 2 can determine the installation at the corresponding position and the installation quantity according to the deformation of the roadway; aims to reduce the resource waste caused by small local deformation of the roadway.
The hinge rod 4 adopts a detachable hinge rod, and the rotation angle of the detachable hinge rod is between 0 and 20 degrees.
The number of the deformation measuring instruments is smaller than the number of the hinging rods.
One end of the hinging rod 4 is fixed with a gear 22, a positioning hole 21 is arranged at the center of the gear 22, the other end of the hinging rod 4 is provided with a clamping groove 19, and the bottom of the clamping groove 19 is provided with a clamping plug 16.
The pressure sensor 1 comprises a glass layer 13, a fixed beam 12 is arranged on the periphery of the upper surface of the glass layer 13, a monocrystalline silicon film 14 is covered on the top of the fixed beam 12, a vacuum cavity 15 is arranged in the middle of the fixed beam 12, four piezoresistors are arranged on the monocrystalline silicon film 14 and are respectively positioned at the center positions of four sides of the monocrystalline silicon film 14, and the four piezoresistors form a Wheatstone bridge.
Connecting the pressure sensor 1 and the deformation measuring instrument 2 to a data processing device 3, wherein the data processing device is connected with a display terminal; the detection information of the pressure sensor and the deformation measuring instrument can be transmitted to the display terminal in real time for monitoring.
The measuring method of the measuring device for the pressure bearing and deformation of the roadway roof comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a tunnel section to be measured, and selecting the number and the length of corresponding hinge rods according to the tunnel section size;
and 6, connecting signal wires of the deformation measuring instrument and the pressure sensor with wires of a data processing device.
The mounting method for mounting the second hinging rod at the clamping groove end of the first hinging rod comprises the following steps: the gear of the second hinging rod is clamped into the clamping groove of the first hinging rod, the symmetrical through holes on two sides of the clamping groove are aligned with the positioning holes, and the positioning bolts are inserted into the positioning holes; the angle of the hinging rod is adjusted, the gear is clamped by a clamping plug after the angle is adjusted, then the spring washer is sleeved into the positioning bolt, and the fixing nut is screwed.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a measurement method of tunnel roof pressure-bearing and measuring device of deflection, measuring device includes articulated pole (4), pressure sensor (1) and deflection measuring instrument (2), its characterized in that: the hinge rods (4) are connected end to end and fixed on the roadway roof, the pressure sensor (1) is fixed between the two hinge rods (4), two ends of the supporting rod (5) are fixed on the hinge rods (4), and the deformation measuring instrument (2) is fixed on the roadway roof through the supporting rod (5); one end of the hinging rod (4) is fixed with a gear (22), and the center of the gear (22) is provided with a positioning hole (21); the other end of the hinging rod (4) is provided with a clamping groove (19), the bottom of the clamping groove (19) is provided with a clamping plug (16), and two sides of the clamping groove (19) are provided with symmetrical through holes; the deformation measuring instrument (2) comprises a telescopic shell (11), the telescopic shell (11) is connected with one end of a U-shaped tube (8) in a linked mode, a hose (10) and a piston (6) are arranged in the telescopic shell (11), the hose (10) is connected with the piston (6), a deformation detecting sensor is arranged on the end face of the other end of the U-shaped tube (8), and graduation marks (7) are marked on the U-shaped tube (8); the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a tunnel section to be measured, and selecting the number and the length of corresponding hinging rods (4) according to the tunnel section size;
step 2, fixing a first hinging rod on two sides of the section of the roadway;
step 3, installing a second hinging rod at the clamping groove end of the first hinging rod, and so on;
the mounting method for mounting the second hinging rod at the clamping groove end of the first hinging rod comprises the following steps: the gear (22) of the second hinging rod is clamped into the clamping groove (19) of the first hinging rod, the through holes symmetrical on two sides of the clamping groove (19) are aligned with the positioning holes (21), and the positioning bolts (20) are inserted into the positioning holes (21); the angle of the hinging rod is adjusted, a gear (22) is clamped by a clamping plug (16) after the angle is adjusted, then a spring washer (17) is sleeved into a positioning bolt (20), and a fixing nut (18) is screwed;
step 4, fixing the support rod on the hinging rod;
step 5, after all the hinging rods are installed, installing a deformation measuring instrument and a pressure sensor between the section of the roadway and the hinging rods;
and 6, connecting signal wires of the deformation measuring instrument and the pressure sensor with wires of a data processing device.
2. The method for measuring the roadway roof bearing and deformation measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hinge rod (4) is a detachable hinge rod, and the rotation angle is 0-20 degrees.
3. The method for measuring the roadway roof bearing and deformation measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pressure sensor (1) comprises a glass layer (13), a fixed beam (12) is fixed on the periphery of the upper surface of the glass layer (13), a monocrystalline silicon film (14) is covered on the top of the fixed beam (12), a vacuum cavity (15) is arranged between the fixed beam (12), the glass layer (13) and the monocrystalline silicon film (14), four piezoresistors are arranged on the monocrystalline silicon film (14), the four piezoresistors are respectively located at the central positions of four sides of the monocrystalline silicon film (14), and the four piezoresistors form a Wheatstone bridge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710075173.3A CN106767668B (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | Device and method for measuring pressure bearing and deformation of roadway roof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710075173.3A CN106767668B (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | Device and method for measuring pressure bearing and deformation of roadway roof |
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| CN106767668A CN106767668A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106767668B true CN106767668B (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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| CN108072466A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-25 | 江苏神通阀门股份有限公司 | A kind of anti-torque thrust detection probe |
| CN109667622B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-19 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel surrounding rock long-term deformation disaster control system and control method |
| CN112282814B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-07-22 | 贵州理工学院 | Roadway support device capable of adapting to various underground environments |
| CN112833850B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-05-31 | 闫亚鹏 | Coal mine tunnel rock wall deformation monitoring device |
| CN112924059B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-09-23 | 上海同岩土木工程科技股份有限公司 | Strip-type surrounding rock pressure monitoring device, monitoring method and installation method |
| CN114018210A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-08 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Underground cavern surrounding rock deformation monitoring devices |
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