CN106763735B - Electric vehicle automatic transmission with brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic transmission of an electric automobile with a brushless wire control centrifugal ball arm joint device. The gear shifting control device comprises a brushless wire control centrifugal ball arm joint device, and the gear shifting control of the transmission is realized by controlling the electrification and the outage of an electromagnet of the brushless wire control centrifugal ball arm joint device. The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, capability of realizing drive-by-wire dynamic gear shifting, smooth gear shifting and the like.

Description

Electric vehicle automatic transmission with brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle transmission, and relates to an electric vehicle automatic transmission, more specifically an electric vehicle automatic transmission with a brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device. .

Background technique

Automatic transmissions are widely used in various vehicles such as automobiles, electric vehicles, and construction machinery. The existing automatic transmissions mainly include four types: hydromechanical automatic transmission (AT), metal belt continuously variable automatic transmission (CVT), mechanical automatic transmission (AMT) and dual clutch automatic transmission (DCT). The shifting process control of the above four types of automatic transmissions is realized by electronically controlled hydraulic servo devices. The hydraulic servo devices are composed of hydraulic pumps, multiple hydraulic valves, multiple hydraulic clutches, multiple brakes, etc., which are complex in structure and high in cost. , high energy consumption during operation.

With the wide application of automotive electronic technology, automatic control technology and automotive network communication technology, automotive wire control technology has become the future development trend of automobiles. Automobile wire control (X-By-Wire) technology replaces mechanical and hydraulic systems with wires, electronic controllers and wire-controlled actuators. The electronic control unit generates a control signal to drive the wire-controlled actuator to perform the required operation. Therefore, the development of a new type of automatic transmission by wire is conducive to reducing the number of its components, reducing costs, reducing operating energy consumption, and improving transmission efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of various existing automatic transmission technologies, and to provide a novel electric vehicle with a brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device that can realize power shifting, high reliability and low cost Automatic Transmission.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

An automatic transmission for electric vehicles with a brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device, comprising an input shaft, an output shaft, a sun gear, a planetary gear, a planetary gear shaft, a rear planet carrier, and an inner gear; one end of the planetary gear shaft is fixedly installed On the rear planet carrier, the rear planet carrier is fixedly mounted on the intermediate journal of the output shaft through its central bearing hole.

It is characterized in that: the electric vehicle automatic transmission with the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device further comprises a brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device.

The brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device includes a thrust pressure plate, a driven inner spline hub, a wire-controlled drive plate, an electromagnet, a pre-compression spring, a centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel, a centrifugal ball arm pin, and a centrifugal ball arm. , Centrifugal ball, magnetic force transfer plate, centrifugal ball socket.

One end of the input shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft of the motor, the hollow wheel disc of the centrifugal ball arm is mounted on the intermediate journal of the input shaft through the bearing support, and the other end of the input shaft is fixedly installed with the sun gear; The outer circumferential surface of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc is provided with an outer spline groove of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc on the outer circumferential surface of one end close to the motor. on the keyway; the pre-compression spring is arranged between the end of the outer spline groove of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel and the inner end face of the wire-controlled drive plate; the other end of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel away from the motor is provided with multiple Centrifugal ball arm supports evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, a centrifugal ball arm pin is fixedly installed on each centrifugal ball arm support; one end of the centrifugal ball arm is sleeved in the middle of the centrifugal ball arm pin through its smooth bearing hole On the journal, the centrifugal ball arm can rotate freely around the centrifugal ball arm pin, the other end of the centrifugal ball arm is provided with a centrifugal ball socket, and each centrifugal ball socket is installed with a centrifugal ball. The centrifugal balls can roll freely in the centrifugal ball socket.

One end surface of the thrust pressure plate is a smooth surface; each centrifugal ball abuts on the smooth surface of the thrust pressure plate; the outer circumferential surface of the thrust pressure plate is also provided with an external spline groove, and the thrust pressure plate The outer spline groove of the disc and the inner spline groove of the driven inner spline hub are axially slidably engaged; the one end face of the driven inner spline hub away from the motor is fixedly connected with the other end of the planetary wheel shaft.

The magnetically conductive force-transferring plate is fixedly installed on the journal of the input shaft through the bearing hole of the inner hub in its center, and the magnetically-conducting force-transferring plate is also provided with an outer magnetically conductive force-transferring plate; the electromagnet passes the non-magnetically conductive force-transferring plate The material is fixedly installed on the transmission housing, the magnetic end face of the electromagnet is facing one end face of the outer disk of the magnetic conductive force transfer disk, and the one end face of the outer disk of the magnetic conductive force transfer disk and the magnetic end face of the electromagnet are always kept constant. air gap.

An end face of the wire-controlled drive disk close to the outer disk of the magnetically conductive force-transferring disk is further provided with a friction driving end face, and the frictional driving end face is facing the other end face of the outer disk of the magnetically conducting force-transferring disk.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The electric vehicle automatic transmission with the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device of the present invention cancels the hydraulic system and shifting mechanism of the traditional automatic transmission, and adopts the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device, which is controlled by electronic control. The unit adopts a wire-controlled method to control the on-off of the current of the electromagnetic coil of the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm joint device to realize gear shifting, with simple structure, low cost, and low energy consumption during operation;

(2) The transmission gears of the electric vehicle automatic transmission with the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device of the present invention are constantly meshed, and the power does not need to be cut off during the shifting process, which reduces the shifting impact and improves the acceleration performance of the vehicle. driving comfort;

(3) The brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device used in the present invention utilizes the huge centrifugal force generated by the centrifugal ball arm during high-speed operation to promote the frictional engagement between the friction plate and the steel plate, with large transmission torque and high rotational speed, and the joint process is seamless. Shock, shifts are smooth.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle automatic transmission with a brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Input shaft 2. Output shaft 3. Sun gear 4. Planetary gear 5. Planetary gear shaft 6. Rear planet carrier 7. Internal gear ring 10. Brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device 10a. Friction plate 10b. Steel plate with external spline groove 10c. Thrust pressure plate 10ca. Smooth surface 10d. Driven inner spline hub 10e. Driven inner spline hub end cover 10f. Stop plate 10g. Friction drive end face 10h. Electromagnet 10i. Pre-compression spring 10j. Centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc 10ja. Centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc External spline groove 10k. Centrifugal ball arm pin 10l. Centrifugal ball arm 10m. Centrifugal ball 10p. Arm return spring 10q. Magnetically conductive force transfer plate 10qa. Magnetic conductive force transfer plate Center inner hub 10qb. Magnetic conductive force transfer plate Outer plate 10r. Centrifugal ball socket 31A. Rear shell 40Z. Shaft rear bearing 100. Motor 100A. Motor output shaft.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; Embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, an electric vehicle automatic transmission with a brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device of the present invention includes an input shaft 1, an output shaft 2, a sun gear 3, a planetary gear 4, a planetary gear shaft 5, and a rear planetary gear. Frame 6 , ring gear 7 , brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device 10 .

One end of the input shaft 1 close to the motor 100 is provided with internal splines, and the input shaft 1 is connected with the motor output shaft 100A through the internal splines; , The center lines of the output shaft 2 coincide, and the second shaft front bearing 40Z is fixedly installed in the bearing seat hole; the input shaft 1 is connected with the front journal of the output shaft 2 through the second shaft front bearing 40Z; the input shaft 1 is away from the motor 100 end The sun gear 3 is fixedly connected to the outer journal.

The end face of the planetary wheel 4 is provided with a central cylindrical through hole, and a sliding bushing is fixedly installed in the central cylindrical through hole, and the planetary wheel 4 is rolled and installed on the planetary wheel shaft 5 through the sliding bushing; the planetary wheel 4 is constantly meshed with the sun gear 3; One end of the planet wheel shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the rear planet carrier 6 through the cylindrical bearing hole provided on the rear planet carrier 6, and the other end is connected to the driven inner spline hub 10d through the cylindrical bearing hole provided on the driven inner spline hub 10d. Fixed connection.

The center of the end face of the rear planet carrier 6 is provided with a central cylindrical through hole, and the center line of the central cylindrical through hole coincides with the center lines of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2. The rear planet carrier 6 passes through its central cylindrical through hole and relies on the shaft. The shoulder and retaining ring are fixedly installed on the intermediate journal of the output shaft 2.

The inner gear 7 is fixedly installed on the rear casing 31A through the retaining ring, the rear casing 31A is fixedly connected to the transmission casing by bolts, and the output shaft 2 is supported and installed on the rear casing 31A through the second shaft rear bearing 50Z; The center line of 7 coincides with the center line of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2, and the ring gear 7 is constantly meshed with the planetary gear 4.

The brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball-arm engagement device 10 includes a friction plate 10a with an inner spline groove, a steel plate 10b with an outer spline groove, a thrust pressure plate 10c, a driven inner spline hub 10d, and a driven inner spline hub end cover 10e , Stop disc 10f, wire-controlled drive disc 10g, electromagnet 10h, pre-compression spring 10i, centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc 10j, centrifugal ball arm pin 10k, centrifugal ball arm 10l, centrifugal ball 10m, centrifugal ball arm return spring 10p, magnetic conductive force transmission plate 10q, centrifugal ball socket 10r.

As shown in Fig. 1, the friction plate 10a with internal spline grooves is sleeved on the external spline groove on the input shaft 1 through the internal spline groove; On the inner spline groove; one end surface of the thrust pressure plate 10c is a smooth surface 10ca, and the other end surface of the thrust pressure plate 10c is a rough friction surface; the outer circumferential surface of the thrust pressure plate 10c is also provided with an external spline groove, and the thrust pressure plate 10c The outer spline groove of the driven inner spline hub 10d is axially slidably engaged with the inner spline groove of the driven inner spline hub 10d; the end of the driven inner spline hub 10d close to the motor 100 is fixedly connected to the driven inner spline hub end cover 10e by bolts, away from One end of the motor 100 is fixedly connected to the planetary wheel shaft 5; the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel 10j is supported on the input shaft 1 by bearings, and the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel 10j is provided with a centrifugal The outer spline groove 10ja of the ball arm hollow roulette, the wire-controlled drive disk 10g is sleeved on the outer spline groove 10ja of the centrifugal ball arm hollow roulette through its inner spline groove, and the wire-controlled driving disk 10g is also provided with one end face close to the motor 100. The friction drive end face 10ga; the magnetic conductive force transmission plate 10q is fixedly installed on the journal of the input shaft 1 through the bearing hole of its center inner hub 10qa, and the magnetic conductive force transmission plate 10q is also provided with an outer magnetic conductive force transmission plate 10qb; the friction drive end face 10ga is facing the outer disk 10qb of the magnetic conductive force transfer disk, and when the electromagnet 10h is not energized, the friction driving end face 10ga and the outer disk 10qb of the magnetic conductive force transfer disk maintain a certain air gap under the elastic force of the pre-compression spring 10i; The moving plate 10f and the electromagnet 10h are fixedly installed on the transmission housing through non-magnetic conductive materials; the other end of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc 10j away from the motor 100 is provided with a plurality of centrifugal ball arm supports evenly distributed along the circumferential direction , a centrifugal ball arm pin 10k is fixedly installed on each centrifugal ball arm support; one end of the centrifugal ball arm 10l is sleeved on the middle journal of the centrifugal ball arm pin 10k through its smooth bearing hole, and the centrifugal ball arm 10l can be wound around the centrifugal ball The arm pin 10k rotates freely, the other end of the centrifugal ball arm 10l is provided with a centrifugal ball socket 10r, and a centrifugal ball 10m is installed in each centrifugal ball socket 10r, and each centrifugal ball 10m can roll freely in the centrifugal ball socket 10r.

The working principle of the electric vehicle automatic transmission with the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device is further described below in conjunction with the embodiment:

During the first gear transmission, the electromagnetic coil in the electromagnet 10h is de-energized, and under the elastic force of the pre-compression spring 10i, the wire-controlled drive plate 10g is engaged with the stop plate 10f, and the stop plate 10f is fixed on the casing. , so the frictional force between the wire-controlled drive disc 10g and the stop disc 10f after they are engaged makes the rotational speed of the wire-controlled drive disc 10g together with the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel 10j zero, and the return spring 10p of the wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm returns to zero. Under the action of torsion, the centrifugal ball arm 10l and the centrifugal ball 10m are retracted inward, so that the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engaging device 10 does not transmit power. At this time, the torque of the motor 100 is transmitted to the sun gear 3 through the input shaft 1, and the sun The wheel 3 then transmits the power to the rear planetary carrier 6 fixedly connected with the planetary wheel shaft 5 through the constant meshing planetary wheel 4. The rear planetary carrier 6 is fixedly installed in the middle of the output shaft 2 through its central through hole and relying on the shaft shoulder and retaining ring. On the journal, therefore, the input shaft 1 transmits this torque to the output shaft 2.

During the second gear transmission, the electromagnetic coil in the electromagnet 10h is energized, and the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engaging device 10 works. It is transmitted to the wire-controlled drive disc 10g, so that the wire-controlled drive disc 10g overcomes the elastic force of the pre-compression spring 10i and moves in the direction of the electromagnet 10h, so that the friction drive end face 10ga of the wire-controlled drive disc 10g and one end of the magnetically conductive force transmission disc 10q Under the action of the friction force generated by the engagement of the two, the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel 10j is driven to rotate, and the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel 10j drives each centrifugal ball arm 10l to rotate. At the same time, under the action of centrifugal force, each centrifugal ball The arm 10l opens out around the centrifugal ball arm pin 10k, so that the end with the centrifugal ball socket 10r drives the centrifugal ball 10m to make a circular motion outward along the smooth surface 10ca of the thrust platen 10c, so that the centrifugal ball arm 10l together with the centrifugal ball 10m generates centrifugal force, and the centrifugal force along the central axis direction of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel 10j pushes the thrust platen 10c to move away from the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel 10j in an axial direction, so that the thrust platen 10c pulls each belt out. The spline-slotted steel sheet 10b and each inner spline-slotted friction sheet 10a are pressed against each other, and the driven inner-splined hub 10d together with the frictional force between each of the outer-splined-slotted steel sheet 10b and each inner splined-slotted friction sheet 10a is realized. The input shaft 1 rotates synchronously, thereby transmitting the torque input from the input shaft 1 to the output shaft 2 .

The transmission route of the first gear is as follows: the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet 10h is de-energized, the driven inner spline hub 10d rotates freely relative to the input shaft 1, and the torque of the motor 100 is transmitted to the sun gear 3 through the input shaft 1. It is fixedly installed on the rear housing 31A and fixed, and the planetary wheel 4 is rolled and installed on the planetary wheel shaft 5 through the sliding bushing. The ring 7 is always engaged, so the torque input by the input shaft 1 is further transmitted to the rear planet carrier 6, and because the rear planet carrier 6 is fixedly installed on the intermediate journal of the output shaft 2 through its central through hole, therefore, the input shaft 1 will The torque is transmitted to the output shaft 2, thereby realizing first-speed transmission.

The transmission route of the second gear is as follows: the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet 10h is energized, the driven inner spline hub 10d rotates synchronously with the input shaft 1, and the torque of the motor 100 is transmitted to the input shaft 1 through the spline. It rotates synchronously with the input shaft 1. Therefore, the torque of the motor 100 is transmitted to the driven inner spline hub 10d, and because the driven inner spline hub 10d is fixedly connected to the rear planet carrier 6 through the planetary axle 5, the rear planet carrier 6 passes through it. The central through hole is fixedly mounted on the intermediate journal of the output shaft 2, so the torque of the electric motor 100 is transmitted to the output shaft 2, thereby realizing the second-speed transmission.

The transmission route of the reverse gear is as follows: the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet 10h is de-energized, the motor 100 is reversed, the driven inner spline hub 10d is free to rotate relative to the input shaft 1, and the torque of the motor 100 is transmitted to the sun gear 3 through the input shaft 1, Since the ring gear 7 is fixedly mounted on the rear housing 31A, the planetary gear 4 is rolled and mounted on the planetary gear shaft 5 through the sliding bushing, one end of the planetary gear shaft 5 is fixedly connected with the rear planetary carrier 6, and the planetary gear 4 is connected to the sun The wheel 3 and the ring gear 7 are always meshed, so the torque input by the input shaft 1 is further transmitted to the rear planetary carrier 6, and because the rear planetary carrier 6 is fixedly installed on the intermediate journal of the output shaft 2 through its central through hole, so , the input shaft 1 transmits the torque to the output shaft 2 to realize reverse gear transmission.

Neutral: The motor 100 stops rotating to achieve neutral.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can also be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the purpose of the present invention. Various changes.

Claims (1)

1. An electric vehicle automatic transmission with a brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device, comprising an input shaft (1), an output shaft (2), a sun gear (3), a planetary gear (4), and a planetary gear shaft (5) , a rear planetary carrier (6), an inner gear (7); one end of the planetary wheel shaft (5) is fixedly installed on the rear planetary carrier (6), and the rear planetary carrier (6) is fixedly installed through its central bearing hole On the intermediate journal of the output shaft (2); it is characterized in that: The electric vehicle automatic transmission with the brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device further comprises a brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device (10); The brushless wire-controlled centrifugal ball arm engagement device (10) comprises a thrust pressure plate (10c), a driven inner spline hub (10d), a wire-controlled drive plate (10g), an electromagnet (10h), a pre-compression spring ( 10i), centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc (10j), centrifugal ball arm pin (10k), centrifugal ball arm (10l), centrifugal ball (10m), magnetic conductive force transmission plate (10q), centrifugal ball socket (10r); One end of the input shaft (1) is fixedly connected to one end of the motor output shaft (100A), the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc (10j) is mounted on the intermediate journal of the input shaft (1) through a bearing support, and the The other end of the input shaft (1) is fixedly mounted with a sun gear (3); the outer circumferential surface of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc (10j) is provided with a centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc on the outer circumferential surface of one end close to the motor (100). Spline grooves (10ja), the wire-controlled drive disk (10g) is sleeved on the outer spline grooves (10ja) of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel through its inner spline grooves; the pre-compression springs (10i) are arranged in the centrifugal ball arm hollow between the end of the outer spline groove (10ja) of the wheel disc and the inner end face of the wire-controlled drive disc (10g); the other end of the centrifugal ball arm hollow wheel disc (10j) away from the motor (100) is provided with a plurality of circumferential To the evenly distributed centrifugal ball arm supports, a centrifugal ball arm pin (10k) is fixedly installed on each centrifugal ball arm support; one end of the centrifugal ball arm (10l) is sleeved on the centrifugal ball through its smooth bearing hole On the middle journal of the arm pin (10k), the centrifugal ball arm (10l) can freely rotate around the centrifugal ball arm pin (10k), and the other end of the centrifugal ball arm (10l) is provided with a centrifugal ball socket (10r) ), a centrifugal ball (10m) is installed in each centrifugal ball socket (10r), and each centrifugal ball (10m) can roll freely in the centrifugal ball socket (10r); One end surface of the thrust platen (10c) is a smooth surface (10ca); each centrifugal ball (10m) abuts on the smooth surface (10ca) of the thrust platen (10c); the thrust platen (10ca) The outer circumferential surface of 10c) is also provided with an external spline groove, and the external spline groove of the thrust pressure plate (10c) and the internal spline groove of the driven internal spline hub (10d) are axially slidably engaged; One end face of the movable inner spline hub (10d) away from the motor (100) is fixedly connected with the other end of the planetary wheel shaft (5); The magnetically conductive force-transmitting disc (10q) is fixedly mounted on the journal of the input shaft (1) through the bearing hole of its central inner hub (10qa), and the magnetically-conducting force-transmitting disc (10q) is further provided with a magnetically conductive force-transmitting plate. The outer disk (10qb); the electromagnet (10h) is fixedly installed on the transmission housing through the non-magnetic conductive material, and the magnetic end face of the electromagnet (10h) is facing one of the outer disks (10qb) of the magnetic conductive force transfer disk. The end face, one end face of the outer disk (10qb) of the magnetically conductive force-transferring disk and the magnetic end face of the electromagnet (10h) always maintain a certain air gap; The end face of the wire-controlled drive disc (10g) close to the outer disc (10qb) of the magnetically conductive power transmission disc is further provided with a friction driving end face (10ga), and the frictional driving end face (10ga) is facing the outer disc (10qb) of the magnetically conductive power transmission disc. 10qb) on the other end face.

Images