CN106763337A - 一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺 - Google Patents
一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了本发明汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,利用零件的形状结构,可以解决上述技术的轻量化衬片以及性能的刹车片。并且,即使使用CFRP也不会产生热收缩而产生的翘曲变形的衬片。由于本发明中采用长纤维材料,长纤维不管是金属还是其他材质,当拉伸固定在其他部分(如衬片金属板或摩擦材料块)加热加压形成一体,其中的长纤维形成网状或交织构造,热变形时即使周围的树脂收缩,长纤维也不收缩,这样结合在长纤维周围的树脂也因此被固定,因此衬片不发生翘曲变形现象。使用本发明的盘式刹车片,能够同时满足粘合面积和高强度的规格;同时,本发明不仅拥有现有盘式刹车片的强度要求,而且满足了车辆的节能环保要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车刹车片的生产及加工技术领域,更具体的说,本发明尤其涉及一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺。
背景技术
刹车片也叫制动片或刹车皮,在汽车的刹车系统中,刹车片是最关键的安全零件,对刹车效果的好坏起决定性作用,刹车片一般由钢板、粘接隔热层和摩擦块构成,前述摩擦材料,由增强纤维、有机材料、摩擦调节材料构成,通过粘合剂固定在衬片。热反应性树脂的溶剂型粘合剂喷射或者涂敷在衬片后烘干,或者在衬片和摩擦材料块之间夹放胶膜,通过加热加压的方式,使摩擦材料固定在衬片上,从而达到令车辆减速刹车的目的。
可见,摩擦块决定刹车片在高速高温制动条件下的性能,摩擦材料是刹车片在制造过程和使用过程中很重要的组成部分。
近年,车辆的节能环保要求,提倡车辆的轻量化导致刹车制动系统等底盘零部件的进一步改良。盘式刹车片衬片,由一片增强板或者两片增强板,以及增强板的一面设有纤维增强树脂(以下,简称[CFRP])构成的方法,然而该方法,让衬片的重量减轻,拥有以往衬片的强度。上述衬片的制造,是把CFRP的原材料放入模具内,之后,在事先准备好的钢板上,在加热加压的条件下,把CFRP粘合在钢片,一体成型。
然而,上述的CFRP和衬片的固定方法,由于CFRP和钢板的弹性率不同,当衬片冷却到接近环境温度领域后,钢板会因为CFRP的热收缩,发生翘曲变形,其微观本质是目前的纤维增强树脂一般采用的是短纤维或粒子,没有相互之前的拉伸或依靠,当热收缩时就会出现翘曲问题。如果不发生前述问题,则需要增加钢板厚度,那么无法达到减轻衬片的目的。
发明内容
为解决上述背景技术中存在的汽车刹车片轻量化改进技术中存在的技术问题,本发明提供一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,实现本发明使用CFRP也不会产生热收缩而产生的翘曲变形,并且保证了衬片和摩擦材料块构成的刹车片所需粘合强度和粘合面积。
为了实现上述技术目标,本发明采取如下技术方案:
一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺:
该汽车刹车片包括摩擦材料块和衬片,两者用胶粘剂并通过加热加压粘合固定成为一体;
所述衬片至少包括一长纤维结构层,其中长纤维材料的平均长度为2.5-3.5mm;
所述长纤维结构层含有金属长纤维、增强树脂长纤维、复合材料长纤维的一种或多种,其中的长纤维占长纤维结构层重量的35-65%;
所述长纤维结构层为纤维增强树脂CFRP,其中粘合使用改性酚醛树脂,混合的耐高温长纤维使用碳素纤维、矿棉纤维的一种或多种混合,其中的碳素纤维采用平均长度为2.5-3.2mm的规格,这些纤维占全体重量的50%;
将上述各材料混合制造成粉状原料并预备加热;
成型模具里面从下往上按照CFRP预备加热原料、金属板、CFRP预备加热原料的顺序放置并加热加压形成CFRP的一体构造衬片;
所述一体构造衬片的整个衬片结构的厚度为小于3.8mm;
所述摩擦材料块一侧的CFRP的厚度大于远离所述摩擦材料块侧的厚度;
所述摩擦材料块一侧的CFRP的厚度也大于中间金属板的厚度。
优选的,所述胶粘剂为Adhesive增强型胶粘剂。
进一步的,所述构成衬片的各个面和面之间、面和多面体之间、多面体和多面体之间,多面体所形成的内部空间或外部空间,可以由气体、摩擦材料,复合材料,增强纤维材料单独或者材料组合填充,前述填充物的质量最好不大于同体积的铸铁。
更进一步的,所述衬片靠近摩擦材料块的一侧(包括表面粗糙度、胶层厚度)的表面尺寸总高度在0.5mm至1.0mm之间。
优化的,所述的摩擦材料块含有有机树脂、增强纤维和摩擦调节材料。
更优选的,所述摩擦材料块的组成包括10%的铜纤维、岩棉纤维一种或两种组合的增强纤维及25%的酚醛树脂,剩余为黑铅或硫酸钡组合的摩擦调节材料,这些材料搅拌成粉状摩擦原料。
本发明的技术特点和效果为:本发明汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,利用零件的形状结构,可以解决上述技术的轻量化衬片以及性能的刹车片。并且,即使使用CFRP也不会产生热收缩而产生的翘曲变形的衬片。由于本发明中采用长纤维材料,长纤维不管是金属还是其他材质,当拉伸固定在其他部分(如衬片金属板或摩擦材料块)加热加压形成一体,其中的长纤维形成网状或交织构造,热变形时即使周围的树脂收缩,长纤维也不收缩,这样结合在长纤维周围的树脂也因此被固定,因此衬片不发生翘曲变形现象。使用本发明的盘式刹车片,能够同时满足粘合面积和高强度的规格。
同时,本发明不仅拥有现有盘式刹车片的强度要求,而且满足了车辆的节能环保要求。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例示意图;
图2为本发明另一实施结构示意图。
标记说明:1-摩擦材料块;2-金属材料层;3-蜂窝结构的铝合金结构层;4-CFRP材料层。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
如图1,实施例:汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,该刹车片包括摩擦材料块和衬片,两者用胶粘剂Adhesive并通过加热加压粘合固定成为一体,前述衬片至少包括一蜂窝状结构层或并排布置的管状结构层。前述衬片还包括金属材料或增强纤维材料或复合材料制成的基层,该基层一侧面与摩擦材料块胶粘相连,基层另一侧面与蜂窝状结构层或管状结构层粘接,其中基层与各蜂窝孔或管孔组合形成衬片支撑构造。
本发明所使用刹车片用的粘合剂(粘合剂溶液)Adhesive,涂在摩擦材料或者衬片后,需要烘干。因为溶剂的沸点为50-120摄氏度,所以烘干温度为常温(15-35摄氏度),或者70-120摄氏度。
粘合剂的涂敷,可以喷射或者涂敷在衬片。粘合剂,涂敷后,由于粘合剂包含了溶剂,比较容易渗透到摩擦材料里,或者衬片的处理层,能更加确保原来的粘合强度。
本发明所使用的摩擦材料,只要能让汽车的刹车系统,发挥正常的制动力的物质,没有特别限制。具体的,除了使用一般知道的材料,比如铜纤维、黄铜纤维、聚丙烯纤维、碳素纤维等纤维物质,还有,酚醛树脂、环氧基树脂、三聚氰胺树脂等的热硬化性树脂形成的复合材料。并且,上述材料的配合比例,根据摩擦特性的不同,适当调节。
汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,该刹车片包括摩擦材料块1和衬片,两者用胶粘剂Adhesive并通过加热加压粘合固定成为一体,前述衬片至少包括一长纤维结构层,其中长纤维材料的平均长度为2.5-3.5mm。前述长纤维结构层含有金属长纤维或增强树脂长纤维或复合材料长纤维,其中的长纤维占长纤维结构层重量的35-65%。前述长纤维结构层为纤维增强树脂CFRP,其中粘合使用酚醛树脂,混合的耐高温长纤维使用碳素纤维、矿棉纤维的一种或混合,其中的碳素纤维采用平均长度为2.5-3.2mm的规格,这些纤维占全体重量的50%。
所述胶粘剂为Adhesive增强型胶粘剂。
构成衬片的各个面和面之间、面和多面体之间、多面体和多面体之间,多面体所形成的内部空间或外部空间,可以由气体、摩擦材料,复合材料,增强纤维材料单独或者材料组合填充,前述填充物的质量最好不大于同体积的铸铁。
衬片靠近摩擦材料块的一侧包括表面粗糙度、胶层厚度的表面尺寸总高度在0.5mm至1.0mm之间。
摩擦材料块1含有有机树脂、增强纤维和摩擦调节材料。
摩擦材料块1的组成包括10%的铜纤维、岩棉纤维一种或两种组合的增强纤维及25%的酚醛树脂,剩余为黑铅或硫酸钡组合的摩擦调节材料,这些材料搅拌成粉状摩擦原料。
本发明的技术特点和效果为:本发明汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,利用零件的形状结构,可以解决上述技术的轻量化衬片以及性能的刹车片。
并且,即使使用CFRP也不会产生热收缩而产生的翘曲变形的衬片。由于本发明中采用长纤维材料,长纤维不管是金属还是其他材质,当拉伸固定在其他部分(如衬片金属板或摩擦材料块)加热加压形成一体,其中的长纤维形成网状或交织构造,热变形时即使周围的树脂收缩,长纤维也不收缩,这样结合在长纤维周围的树脂也因此被固定,因此衬片不发生翘曲变形现象。使用本发明的盘式刹车片,能够同时满足粘合面积和高强度的规格。
同时,本发明不仅拥有现有盘式刹车片的强度要求,而且满足了车辆的节能环保要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺:
该汽车刹车片包括摩擦材料块和衬片,两者用胶粘剂并通过加热加压粘合固定成为一体;
其特征在于:所述衬片至少包括一长纤维结构层,其中长纤维材料的平均长度为2.5-3.5mm;
所述长纤维结构层含有金属长纤维、增强树脂长纤维、复合材料长纤维的一种或多种,其中的长纤维占长纤维结构层重量的35-65%;
所述长纤维结构层为纤维增强树脂CFRP,其中粘合使用改性酚醛树脂,混合的耐高温长纤维使用碳素纤维、矿棉纤维的一种或多种混合,其中的碳素纤维采用平均长度为2.5-3.2mm的规格,这些纤维占全体重量的50%;
将上述各材料混合制造成粉状原料并预备加热;
成型模具里面从下往上按照CFRP预备加热原料、金属板、CFRP预备加热原料的顺序放置并加热加压形成CFRP的一体构造衬片;
所述一体构造衬片的整个衬片结构的厚度为小于3.8mm;
所述摩擦材料块一侧的CFRP的厚度大于远离所述摩擦材料块侧的厚度;
所述摩擦材料块一侧的CFRP的厚度也大于中间金属板的厚度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,其特征在于:所述胶粘剂为Adhesive增强型胶粘剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,其特征在于:所述构成衬片的各个面和面之间、面和多面体之间、多面体和多面体之间,多面体所形成的内部空间或外部空间,可以由气体、摩擦材料,复合材料,增强纤维材料单独或者材料组合填充,前述填充物的质量不大于同体积的铸铁。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,其特征在于:所述衬片靠近摩擦材料块的一侧的表面尺寸总高度在0.5mm至1.0mm之间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,其特征在于:所述摩擦材料块含有有机树脂、增强纤维和摩擦调节材料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车刹车片的轻量化改进加工工艺,其特征在于所述摩擦材料块的组成包括10%的铜纤维、岩棉纤维一种或两种组合的增强纤维及25%的酚醛树脂,剩余为黑铅或硫酸钡组合的摩擦调节材料,上述材料搅拌成粉状摩擦原料。
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