CN106762544A - 压缩机的压力平衡系统、压力平衡方法以及在冷却封闭式压缩机时的系统操作 - Google Patents

压缩机的压力平衡系统、压力平衡方法以及在冷却封闭式压缩机时的系统操作 Download PDF

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CN106762544A
CN106762544A CN201611143990.XA CN201611143990A CN106762544A CN 106762544 A CN106762544 A CN 106762544A CN 201611143990 A CN201611143990 A CN 201611143990A CN 106762544 A CN106762544 A CN 106762544A
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compressor
pressure
balancing system
pressure balancing
volume
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D·E·B·莉莉
S·K·隆恩
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Enbraco Compressor Industry and Refrigeration Solutions Co., Ltd.
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Whirlpool SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/123—Fluid connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F04B49/03—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of valves
    • F04B49/035—Bypassing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/06—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids specially adapted for stopping, starting, idling or no-load operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/02—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
    • F25B31/023—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units with compressor of reciprocating-piston type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/07—Exceeding a certain pressure value in a refrigeration component or cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/026—Compressor control by controlling unloaders
    • F25B2600/0262—Compressor control by controlling unloaders internal to the compressor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

本发明描述了一种用于制冷机的压缩机的阀机构。更具体地，阀机构运行以允许往复式压缩机的压缩腔与同一压缩机的排出容积之间的压力平衡。该平衡旨在减少启动所需的转矩。本发明涉及机械工程领域，更具体地涉及流体和冷却机械领域。

Description

压缩机的压力平衡系统、压力平衡方法以及在冷却封闭式压 缩机时的系统操作
技术领域
本发明描述了一种用于压缩机的阀机构。本发明涉及机械工程领域，更具体地涉及流体和冷却机械领域。
背景技术
在当前使用的各种技术资源中，压缩机制冷系统因其满足当前需求的广泛通用性而备受瞩目。不管是在简单的冰箱、空调中，或者甚至是在大的制冷装置、冷却系统中，压缩使得各种技术领域实现大步的进化。
现有压缩机尺寸小、能耗低，除了其他大型器具，现有压缩机旨在更低的成本和更高的生产能力。
在压缩机的运行中最关键的一点是当机器第一次打开或长时间未工作后打开时它的初始启动时间，无论从高的机械压力点的角度看，还是从大的发动机功率需求的角度看，它是变化的。当前，适用于冰箱的大部分国内压缩机具有电容器，其允许在启动冷却系统的时候，电动机获得更多能量。在启动的时候这种对增大的功率的需求主要是由排出容积与压缩机腔室之间的压力差引起的。
除了机构的惯性，前述压力差还造成压缩机反复启动、出现最大能量消耗时刻，以及需要包括机电组件。
因此，解决排出容积与压缩机腔室之间的压力差问题成为众所周知的目标，目前的解决方案包括从能量的角度看，装置更少、更耐用且成本更低的轻型压缩机。
在对科学的现有技术和专利文献的检索中，未发现暗示或预期本发明的教导的文件，因此在此提出的解决方案相对于现有技术具有新颖性和创造性。
发明内容
因此，本发明旨在解决现有技术中列出的问题，通过能够平衡被压缩介质与第一被压缩介质之间的压力的阀系统，减少中间压缩器的启动负载。
在第一方面，本发明提供了一种压缩机压力平衡系统，包括：
a.至少一个主阀机构(3)，具有排出容积(8)与进口容积(9)之间的压力平衡装置；和
b.至少一个次级阀机构(2)，具有用于阻止容纳在压缩机的出口线路中的加压工作流体的回流的装置；
其中主阀机构(3)设置在阀机构(2)的上游，次级阀机构(2)设置在主阀机构(3)的下游并与压缩机出口线路流体连通。
在第二方面，本发明提供了一种压缩机的压力平衡方法，其中主阀机构(3)在压缩机启动之前的时段，促进排出容积(8)与进口容积(9)之间的压力平衡。
在第三方面，本发明提供了压缩机压力平衡系统的应用，其中系统如在本发明中所限定的，压缩机为用于制冷系统的封闭式压缩机。
此外，本发明的观点与所有要求保护的内容涉及能够平衡压缩机腔室之间的压力的装置，以避免所述压缩机启动时段的高负载需求。
本发明的这些和其他目标将被本领域技术人员以及对这部分感兴趣的公司直接地理解，并且将在下面的说明书中充分详细地描述以再现本发明。
附图说明
为了更好地限定和阐明这个专利申请的内容，提供这些附图：
图1示出了根据本发明的具有压力平衡系统的往复式压缩机。
图2示出了本发明的第二实施例，其中可看到配置在密封壳体(10)中的往复式压缩机，其具有配置在所述密封壳体(10)外部的压力平衡系统。
图3示出了本发明的一个实施例，其中主阀机构(3)和次级阀机构(2)配置在封闭壳体(10)界定的封闭容积(1)中。
具体实施方式
本发明的一个目标是提供一种压力平衡系统压缩机，包括：
a.至少一个主阀机构(3)，具有排出容积(8)与进口容积(9)之间的压力平衡装置；和
b.至少一个次级阀机构(2)，具有用于阻止容纳在压缩机的出口线路中的加压工作流体的回流的装置；
其中，所述主阀机构(3)设置在所述次级阀机构(2)的上游，所述次级阀机构(2)设置在所述主阀机构(3)的下游并与压缩机的出口线路流体连通。
在一个实施例中，本发明提出的压缩机被容纳在包封在封闭壳体(10)中的封闭容积(1)中。
在一个实施例中，本发明提出的系统应用在冷却系统中。
本发明的第二个目标是提供一种压缩机中的压力平衡方法，其中主阀机构(3)在压缩机启动之前的时段，促进排出容积(8)与进口容积(9)之间的压力平衡。
在一个实施例中，所述压力平衡的促进通过接收来自压缩机的启动信号而开始。
本发明的第三和最后一个目标是提供压缩机压力平衡系统的应用，其中系统如在本发明中所限定的，压缩机为用于制冷系统的封闭式压缩机。
示例1.实现
在此所示的实施例仅旨在示出实现本发明的许多方式中的一种，不在于限制其范围。
根据图1，本发明的系统包括容纳在封闭壳体(10)中的封闭容积(1)。图1示出了用于平衡排出容积(8)与进口容积(9)之间的压力的主阀机构(3)，其中所述主阀机构(3)被释放，使封闭容积(1)中的排出容积(8)减压。一旦进口容积(9)与封闭容积(1)压力平衡，排出容积(8)之间的压力变为与所述进口容积(9)相同。
图1还示出了用于阻止已经在压缩机出口线路中加压的工作流体的次级阀机构(2)不返回。该次级阀机构(2)是所提出的主阀机构(3)之间压力平衡所必需的，不会影响压缩机之后的其余加压流体线路。
图1还示出了具有流体出口阀(6)和流体进口阀(7)的压缩腔(4)，流体出口阀(6)和流体进口阀(7)与活塞(5)同步运行，是可选择的压缩机的运行的基础。
图2描述了第一实施例的变体，其中主阀机构(3)和次级阀机构(2)都已配置在由封闭壳体(10)界定的封闭容积(1)中。
示例2.实现
图3示出了用于本发明的第二个可能的实施例。如在第一实施例中，该第二实施例的系统包括容纳在封闭壳体(10)中的封闭容积(1)。图3还示出了用于平衡排出容积(8)与进口容积(9)之间的压力的主阀机构(3)，其中当所述主阀机构(3)释放时，使外部管道(11)中的排出容积(8)减压，外部管道(11)将主阀机构(3)连接至进口容积(9)，或连接至接合到所述进口容积(9)的任何管道。一旦进口容积(9)与外部管道(11)压力平衡，排出压力容积(8)之间的压力变为与所述进口容积(9)相同。
仍然在图3中，能注意到，用于阻止已经在压缩机出口线路中加压的工作流体的次级阀机构(2)返回。如在第一实施例中，次级阀机构(2)是所提出的主阀机构(3)之间压力平衡所必需的，不会影响压缩机之后的其余加压流体线路。
本领域技术人员会重视在此提出的知识，并且可以再现实施例中显示的发明，以及落入所附权利要求保护范围内的其它变体。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于压缩机的压力平衡系统，其特征在于，所述压力平衡系统包括：
a至少一个主阀机构(3)，具有位于排出容积(8)与进口容积(9)之间的压力平衡装置；和
b.至少一个次级阀机构(2)，具有用于阻止容纳在压缩机的出口线路中的加压工作流体的回流的装置；
其中，所述主阀机构(3)设置在所述次级阀机构(2)的上游；并且
其中，所述次级阀机构(2)设置在所述主阀机构(3)的下游，并与所述压缩机的出口线路流体连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的压力平衡系统，其特征在于，所述压缩机被容纳在由封闭壳体(10)包封的封闭容积(1)中。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的压力平衡系统，其特征在于，所述压力平衡系统用在冷却系统中。
4.一种压缩机的压力平衡方法，其特征在于，所述方法采用如权利要求1至3的任一项中限定的压力平衡系统，其中，所述主阀机构(3)在压缩机启动之前的时段，促进排出容积(8)与进口容积(9)之间的压力平衡。
5.根据权利要求4所述的压力平衡方法，其特征在于，所述压力平衡的促进通过接收来自压缩机的启动信号而开始。
6.根据权利要求1至3的任一项所限定的压缩机的压力平衡系统的应用，其特征在于，所述压力平衡系统用在制冷系统的封闭式压缩机中。
CN201611143990.XA 2015-09-11 2016-09-12 压缩机的压力平衡系统、压力平衡方法以及在冷却封闭式压缩机时的系统操作 Pending CN106762544A (zh)

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