CN106760342A - 一种保温防水一体板 - Google Patents

一种保温防水一体板 Download PDF

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CN106760342A
CN106760342A CN201611258056.2A CN201611258056A CN106760342A CN 106760342 A CN106760342 A CN 106760342A CN 201611258056 A CN201611258056 A CN 201611258056A CN 106760342 A CN106760342 A CN 106760342A
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integrated board
thermal
layer
rock wool
mortar
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王德占
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    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
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    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
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    • E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire

Abstract

本发明公开了一种保温防水一体板，其特征在于：包括分布于上下表面的砂浆层，位于砂浆层中间的岩棉层，位于砂浆层与岩棉层之间的网格布，以及贯穿于岩棉层中间的支撑柱；所述支撑柱上下分别与砂浆层连接。本发明设计合理，结构简单，使用方便，能有效解决墙体在阻燃的同时保温难的问题；通过合理的设计岩棉层，能够有效起到阻燃和保温的作用；合理的设计了支撑柱，在制作上下两层砂浆时，砂浆就会从支撑柱与岩棉之间的缝隙往下渗漏，让上下两层的砂浆层成为一个整体，让本发明更加牢靠。本发明适用范围广，建筑室外室内墙面以及地面屋顶均适用。

Description

一种保温防水一体板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种建筑材料，具体涉及一种保温防水一体板。
背景技术
随着社会的发展，房地产行业得到了空前的发展，同时也带动了房地产相关行业的发展，为了更好迎合高速发展的社会建筑材料就必须的不断改造；
在传统建筑中墙就是简单的砖混机构，通过砌砖完成对修筑，但是由于砖本身密度大，质量中，不符合现在的要求，同时砖隔音效果和保温效果也不好；基于这种种原因，就有人采用修筑强是增加一些隔热材料，和隔音材料；但是这些隔热和隔音材料易燃，如果发生火灾后果不堪设想，给企业或是个人带来不可挽回的损失，同时这样施工难度也到，要是操作不好墙面就不平整。
经检索发现专利号为CN201520762615.8的发明公开了一种复合保温防水一体板，由面板、肋板、芯材、增强材料组成，其中，面板包括上下两块，肋板包括外侧肋板A和外侧肋板B，面板和肋板组成封闭几何形式的断面，断面内放置芯材，面板与肋板中放置增强材料；所述面板、肋板为混凝土，所述芯材为保温芯材，所述增强材料为网格化的预应力长纤维增强网格，网格化的预应力长纤维增强网格与混凝土组成的面板和肋板复合。该发明整体结构不够稳定，上下面板和保温芯材连接不够紧密，在施工的过程中不够稳定；同时在制造时也不便。
发明内容
因此，为了解决上述不足，本发明在此提供一种设计合理，结构简单，使用方便，体轻，强度高，稳定性好，使用寿命长，能有效解决墙体在阻燃的同时保温难的问题的保温防水一体板；本发明通过合理的设计岩棉层，能够有效起到阻燃和保温的作用；由于岩棉具有脆硬的特性，因此为了保护岩棉层和让本发明强度和刚度更高设计了上下两层砂浆层；同时在本发明中设计了支撑柱，在制作上下两层砂浆时，砂浆就会从支撑柱与岩棉之间的缝隙往下渗漏，让上下两层的砂浆层成为一个整体，让本发明更加牢靠；同时本发明为了让砂浆层和岩棉层贴合更紧，合理的设计了网格层，让本发明实用效果更好。
本发明是这样实现的，构造一种保温防水一体板，其特征在于：包括分布于上下表面的砂浆层，位于砂浆层中间的岩棉层，位于砂浆层与岩棉层之间的网格布，以及贯穿于岩棉层中间的支撑柱。所述砂浆层用于保护岩棉层和起到阻燃，同时也能提高本发明的使用强度，并且可以利用砂浆层将本发明通过粘接或是螺钉与墙面结合；所述岩棉层起到保温和阻燃的作用，同时能够提升本发明的刚度强度，并且岩棉的密度不高，使得本发明的重量低，强度高；所述网格层将砂浆层和岩棉层更好的结合，使得本发明稳定性更好，可靠性更高；所述支撑柱用于连接上下砂浆层，让上下两层的砂浆层成为一个整体，让本发明更加牢靠。
根据本发明所述一种保温防水一体板，所述支撑柱上下分别与砂浆层连接；让上下两层的砂浆层成为一个整体，让本发明更加牢靠。
根据本发明所述保温防水一体板，所述表面砂浆层四周设置有呈阶梯状的双层回形台；
根据本发明所述保温防水一体板还设置有安装孔；该安装孔用于一体板安装在建筑墙面时与保温钉或者膨胀螺栓相配合。
本发明还提供了一种保温防水一体板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）准备模具：根据建筑施工场合要求所需制作出符合厚度、尺寸大小规格均符合要求的模具；
（2）制板：
①喷砂浆：首先在模具底面喷一层砂浆；
②铺网格布：紧接着在沙浆上铺设一层网格布；
③放置岩棉：然后在该网格布上放置岩棉，并在岩棉中插入若干支撑柱；
④再铺网格布：紧接着在在插入支撑柱的岩棉上方再放置网格布；
⑤再喷砂浆：最后再在步骤④所述的网格布上喷上一层砂浆；
若需要多层保温防水一体板制备：只需按照步骤（2）所述制板方式即可，即按照喷砂浆→铺网格布→放置岩棉→再铺网格布→再喷砂浆方式循环进行；
（3）静置养护：脱模，静置养护一段时间，得成型保温防水一体板。
本发明还提供了一种保温防水一体板在建筑墙面安装的方法，所述方法如下：
先在墙面刮一层砂浆，使保温防水一体板粘贴在墙面上，然后通过保温钉或膨胀螺钉与安装孔（5）配合再将保温防水一体板固定在建筑墙面，并使相邻保温防水一体板紧靠在一起，让相邻保温板的双层回形台（5）之间形成双层凹槽（6），再在双层凹槽（6）最底部凹槽中注入密封胶（8），然后再在密封胶（8）上次放置一层网格布A（9），最后再直接在网格布A（9）上刮一层砂浆（7），并利用刮板将砂浆（7）刮平。这样避免了安装好保温板后再整体砂浆找平，降低了施工成本，同时也不再做防水了。
本发明中所述的砂浆可以是建筑上现有常规常用的砂浆或抗裂砂浆，当然为了提高强度和可塑性，也可以在砂浆中加入适量的纤维；本发明中所述的砂浆还可以是由以下重量份配比的原料所制成的砂浆：
强度等级为大于或等于42.5的硫铝酸盐水泥700份，强度等级为大于或等于42.5的普通硅酸盐水泥200份，细度模数0.8的河沙100份，尼龙纤维1.5份，羟丙基甲基纤维素 5份，UEA膨胀剂5份，Na2SO4含量小于3%的萘系减水剂8份，柠檬酸0.2份，硼酸0.2份，葡萄糖酸钠0.2份，磷酸钠0.2份，酒石酸钠0.2份，碳酸钙0.2份，碳酸锂0.2份，甲酸钙0.2份，乙酸钙0.2份，聚合硫酸铁0.3份，聚二甲基硅氧烷0.5份，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚0.5份，乳化硅油0.5份，水适量。
本发明具有如下优点：
优点一：本发明设计合理，结构简单，使用方便，成本低，体轻，强度高，稳定性好，使用寿命长，能有效解决墙体在阻燃的同时保温难的问题；本发明通过合理的设计岩棉层，能够有效起到阻燃和保温的作用。
优点二：由于岩棉具有脆硬的特性，因此为了保护岩棉层和让本发明强度和刚度更高，合理的设计了上下两层砂浆层。
优点三：本发明合理的设计了支撑柱，在制作上下两层砂浆时，砂浆就会从支撑柱与岩棉之间的缝隙往下渗漏，让上下两层的砂浆层成为一个整体，让本发明更加牢靠；同时本发明为了让砂浆层和岩棉层贴合更紧，合理的设计了网格层，让本发明实用效果更好。
优点四：本发明制造简单，使用范围广，安装方式多样，可粘接和螺钉连接，运输也十分便捷，成本低，可以根据不同情况而制造不同大小不同层数的保温防水一体板，适合大范围推广使用。
优点五：本发明保温防水一体板采用喷砂浆的方式，使其混合均匀度更加，这样既不需要振动方式来混匀砂浆，也减少了工序，同时还不产生气孔气孔，使得一体板防水性更好，不易透水，更保温。
优点五：本发明适用范围广，建筑室外室内墙面以及地面屋顶均适用。
附图说明
图1是本发明整体结构示意图
图2是本发明的侧视图
图3是本发明的仰视图
图4是图3中A-A的剖视图
图5本发明爆炸示意图
图6是本发明去掉表面砂浆层的示意图
图7是图2中B的局部放大示意图
图8是另个本发明安装拼接状态示意图
图中：1、砂浆层；2、网格布；3、岩棉层；4、支撑柱；5、安装孔；6、双层回形台；7、砂浆；8、密封胶；9、网格布A。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图1-图8对本发明进行详细说明，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
结合图1-图8所示，一种保温防水一体板，包括分布于上下表面的砂浆层1，位于砂浆层1中间的岩棉层3，位于砂浆层1与岩棉层3之间的网格布2，以及贯穿于岩棉层3中间的支撑柱4，支撑柱4上下分别与砂浆层1连接。表面砂浆层1四周为呈阶梯状的双层回形台6。保温防水一体板上还设置有安装孔5。
本实施例的保温防水一体板是由以下方法制得：
（1）准备模具：根据建筑施工场合要求所需制作出符合厚度、尺寸大小规格均符合要求的模具；
（2）制板：
①喷砂浆：首先在模具底面喷一层砂浆；
②铺网格布：紧接着在沙浆上铺设一层网格布；
③放置岩棉：然后在该网格布上放置岩棉，并在岩棉中插入若干支撑柱；
④再铺网格布：紧接着在在插入支撑柱的岩棉上方再放置网格布；
⑤再喷砂浆：最后再在步骤④所述的网格布上喷上一层砂浆；
（3）静置养护：脱模，静置养护一段时间，得成型保温防水一体板。
本实施例的保温防水一体板在建筑墙面安装方法如下：
先在墙面刮一层砂浆，使保温防水一体板粘贴在墙面上，然后通过保温钉或膨胀螺钉与安装孔5配合再将保温防水一体板固定在建筑墙面，并使相邻保温防水一体板紧靠在一起，让相邻保温板的双层回形台5之间形成双层凹槽6，再在双层凹槽6最底部凹槽中注入密封胶8，然后再在密封胶8上次放置一层网格布A9，最后再直接在网格布A9上刮一层砂浆7，并利用刮板将砂浆（7）刮平。这样避免了安装好保温板后再整体砂浆找平，降低了施工成本，同时也不再做防水了。
本实施例所用砂浆为建筑上现有常规常用的砂浆。
经检测：一体板的容重为800kg/m3，抗压强度为11.0Mpa，吸水率5.5%，导热系数为0.22W/(m·K)。
实施例2
保温防水一体板、其制备工艺、安装方法与实施例1相同，仅是在砂浆中添加了尼龙纤维，尼龙纤维的添加量与砂浆重量的比例为1-10：500。
经检测：一体板的容重为790kg/m3，抗压强度为11.5Mpa，吸水率5.0%，导热系数为0.20W/(m·K)。
实施例3
保温防水一体板、其制备工艺、安装方法与实施例1相同，仅是在砂浆是由以下重量份配比的原料所制成：
强度等级为大于或等于42.5的硫铝酸盐水泥700份，强度等级为大于或等于42.5的普通硅酸盐水泥200份，细度模数0.8的河沙100份，尼龙纤维1.5份，羟丙基甲基纤维素 5份，UEA膨胀剂5份，Na2SO4含量小于3%的萘系减水剂8份，柠檬酸0.2份，硼酸0.2份，葡萄糖酸钠0.2份，磷酸钠0.2份，酒石酸钠0.2份，碳酸钙0.2份，碳酸锂0.2份，甲酸钙0.2份，乙酸钙0.2份，聚合硫酸铁0.3份，聚二甲基硅氧烷0.5份，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚0.5份，乳化硅油0.5份，水适量。
经检测：一体板的容重为780kg/m3，抗压强度为12Mpa，吸水率4.5%，导热系数为0.18W/(m·K)。

Claims (7)

1.一种保温防水一体板，其特征在于：包括分布于上下表面的砂浆层（1），位于砂浆层（1）中间的岩棉层（3），位于砂浆层（1）与岩棉层（3）之间的网格布（2），以及贯穿于岩棉层（3）中间的支撑柱（4）。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种保温防水一体板，其特征在于：所述支撑柱（4）上下分别与砂浆层（1）连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种保温防水一体板，其特征在于：所述表面砂浆层（1）四周为呈阶梯状的双层回形台（6）。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种保温防水一体板，其特征在于：所述保温防水一体板上还设置有安装孔（5）。
5.一种如权利要求1-3任意一项所述是保温防水一体板，其特征在于：所述砂浆层的砂浆是由以下重量份配比的原料制成：
强度等级为大于或等于42.5的硫铝酸盐水泥700份，强度等级为大于或等于42.5的普通硅酸盐水泥200份，细度模数0.8的河沙100份，尼龙纤维1.5份，羟丙基甲基纤维素 5份，UEA膨胀剂5份，Na2SO4含量小于3%的萘系减水剂8份，柠檬酸0.2份，硼酸0.2份，葡萄糖酸钠0.2份，磷酸钠0.2份，酒石酸钠0.2份，碳酸钙0.2份，碳酸锂0.2份，甲酸钙0.2份，乙酸钙0.2份，聚合硫酸铁0.3份，聚二甲基硅氧烷0.5份，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚0.5份，乳化硅油0.5份，水适量。
6.一种如权利要求1-5所述保温防水一体板的制备方法，其特征在于：该制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）准备模具：根据建筑施工场合要求所需制作出符合厚度、尺寸大小规格均符合要求的模具；
（2）制板：
①喷砂浆：首先在模具底面喷一层砂浆；
②铺网格布：紧接着在沙浆上铺设一层网格布；
③放置岩棉：然后在该网格布上放置岩棉，并在岩棉中插入若干支撑柱；
④再铺网格布：紧接着在在插入支撑柱的岩棉上方再放置网格布；
⑤再喷砂浆：最后再在步骤④所述的网格布上喷上一层砂浆；
（3）静置养护：脱模，静置养护一段时间，得成型保温防水一体板。
7.一种如权利要求1-4所述的保温防水一体板在建筑墙面安装的方法，其特征在于：所述方法如下：
先在墙面刮一层砂浆，使保温防水一体板粘贴在墙面上，然后通过保温钉或膨胀螺钉与安装孔（5）配合再将保温防水一体板固定在建筑墙面，并使相邻保温防水一体板紧靠在一起，让相邻保温板的双层回形台（5）之间形成双层凹槽（6），再在双层凹槽（6）最底部凹槽中注入密封胶（8），然后再在密封胶（8）上次放置一层网格布A（9），最后再直接在网格布A（9）上刮一层砂浆（7），并利用刮板将砂浆（7）刮平。
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