CN106757174A - A kind of electro-deposition prepares the method and device of metal dust - Google Patents
A kind of electro-deposition prepares the method and device of metal dust Download PDFInfo
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- CN106757174A CN106757174A CN201710098703.6A CN201710098703A CN106757174A CN 106757174 A CN106757174 A CN 106757174A CN 201710098703 A CN201710098703 A CN 201710098703A CN 106757174 A CN106757174 A CN 106757174A
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C5/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method and device that a kind of electro-deposition prepares metal dust, belong to electrochemical techniques and apparatus field；The method and device are to use graphite felt or carbon felt for anode material is electrolysed to electrolyte, and the form and size of the metal dust of negative electrode deposition can be adjusted by adjusting operating current；The electro-deposition is prepared in the method and device of metal dust as a result of graphite felt or carbon felt as anode, its great specific surface area can make anode under minimum current density, obtain big operating current, " air curtain " and galvanic corrosion phenomenon of conventional dense anode material can be overcome, graphite felt or carbon felt are easily cut out simultaneously, it is sliceable, anode is made extremely to facilitate, the change ambassador cathode product of other cathode-current density is from densification to loose change, shape is by block, piece is to grain, powder changes, form is from greatly to small change, be conducive to metal dust collecting mechanism to the serialization of cathodic metal powder and automation collection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method and dress that a kind of electro-deposition method and device, especially a kind of electro-deposition prepare metal dust
Put, belong to electrochemical techniques and apparatus field.
Background technology
The anode making material of hydrometallurgy electro-deposition production metal device is divided into two classes：One class is metal material, another
Class is non-metal carbon sill.Electric conductivity is provided with after typically the metal anode material such as titanium or titanium alloy is doped, at present
It is widely used in electrochemical field, but titanium substrate anode price is high, and manufacturing process complexity is also the shadow for limiting its application
The factor of sound.Carbon-based material can also be used for the cathode and anode material of electric deposition device, be that raw material admixes binding agent compacting typically with carbon dust
Or sinter molding.Conventional carbon-based electro-deposition anode is the solid forms such as plate, block, rod, piece, surface is smooth, overall densification is hard,
Conduct electricity very well, bulk area current density anode not galvanic corrosion under some strength, it is ensured that the purity of negative electrode cathode product.Using
When above-mentioned carbon-based material is as electro-deposition anode, have the disadvantages that：（1）Anode surface bubbing, forms " air curtain ", influence
Effective contact of the electrolyte with positive plate and conduction,（2）Positive plate bulk area is identical with surface area, and big work is needed in minus plate
During electric current, positive plate correspondence improves surface area current density, but during more than certain density strength, most of positive plates can occur table
Face graphite is peeled off, and anode galvanic corrosion occurs.And using the anode of metal material, above-mentioned phenomenon can also occur.
In the existing electric deposition device using above-mentioned conventional anode materials, compact shape is generally as the metal of cathode product
, it is necessary to negative electrode is taken out from electrolytic cell in the production of state, such as electrolytic iron, then beaten by machinery, the method peeled off is by negative electrode
Product is removed.There is problems with：（1）Production efficiency is relatively low, has multiple negative electrodes in a general electrolytic cell, one of cloudy
After pole is taken out from electrolytic cell, whole electrolytic cell is required to parking（Or interruption parking）；（2）Cathode product production efficiency is improved to be stranded
It is difficult, on the one hand, in order to easily remove cathode product as far as possible, it is necessary to shorten electrodeposition time as far as possible, but then, in order to
Electrodeposition efficiency is improved as far as possible, it is necessary to improve electrodeposition time as far as possible, is difficult to obtain balance between the two；（3）Cathode product
（The metal of densifie state）It is difficult with electrode separation, cause stripping process to waste time and energy, while easily causing the damage of minus plate.
Therefore, now current electrodeposition process produces less efficient, the high expensive of electrolytic metal.The application in other electrodeposit metals later stage
On, powdered is important morphological, and traditional electrodeposit metals are also needed to carry out powdered deep processing, and products application is considerably increased again
Cost.
With carbon fibre precursors such as pitch, polyacrylonitrile, viscose, phenolic aldehyde, through the technique felt such as lapping, acupuncture, through pre-oxidizing,
Carbonization（Graphitization）Afterwards, the obtained Web materials with bigger serface, the tool for also being made with weaving manner including carbon fiber
There is the woven product of certain physical dimension, this kind of material referred to as " graphite felt ", also there is title " carbon felt ", has between graphite felt and carbon felt
The different difference of carbonizing degree.Current graphite felt, carbon felt are widely used in the fields such as insulation, enhancing composite.
Ferrous sulfate, free sulfuric acid, titanium, calcium, magnesium etc. are mainly contained in the waste liquid of sulfuric acid method titanium pigment production.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided one kind prepares metal powder by electro-deposition
The method at end, by the use of new anode material, makes it that electrodeposit metals powder can be carried out under big operating current, low current density
The preparation at end, overcomes " air curtain " and galvanic corrosion phenomenon of traditional electric deposition device anode electrode material, while resulting electro-deposition
Metal be it is powdered be easy to be separated with negative electrode the invention simultaneously and will also provide metal dust is prepared based on the electro-deposition of the method
The design of device, realizes the production of electrodeposit metals powder, and also designed by apparatus structure makes to be realized by the device in addition
Production serialization and cathode product are collected automatically.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method that electro-deposition prepares metal dust, uses graphite felt or carbon felt for anode material is electrolysed to electrolyte.
Further, the form and size of the metal dust of negative electrode deposition are controlled by adjusting operating current.
Further, the metal dust is iron powder, and the electrolyte is the solution containing ferrous sulfate.
Further, the electrolyte is the waste liquid of sulfuric acid method titanium pigment production.
Further, the waste liquid before electrolysis, is additionally added fe and is reacted.
Further, the electrolysis terminal of the electrolyte is PH≤2.
A kind of electro-deposition of the invention prepares the device of metal dust, including the sun with graphite felt or carbon felt as electrode material
Pole.
Further, including the anode with face structure and the negative electrode with face structure, anode surface is relative with cathode plane to be set
Put, and there is spacing between face and face.
Further, the spacing between the anode surface and cathode plane is not more than 50mm.
Further, the negative electrode is provided with driving structure, and the driving structure can drive negative electrode to realize the movement of cathode plane,
The metal collection that metal dust collecting mechanism will be deposited on cathode plane in cathode plane moving process.The moving process middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach of cathode plane
Pole-face keeps constant with the interplanar distance of cathode plane.
Further, spacing of the anode surface with cathode plane throughout is consistent.
Further, also including electrolytic cell and metal dust collecting mechanism, the anode and negative electrode are horizontally placed on electrolytic cell
Interior, negative electrode is cylindrical or columnar structured, and negative electrode can be arranged at below negative electrode around its axle center rotary setting, anode semi-surrounding
Outside, metal dust collecting mechanism is arranged at the outer wall position above negative electrode, and the metal dust for cathode surface to be deposited is adopted
Collection.
Further, the driving structure also includes the power set to its rotation driving assembled on negative electrode.
Further, the metal dust collecting mechanism includes being arranged at scraping blade of the negative electrode top along negative electrode axial direction, the scraping blade
It is in contact with the surface of negative electrode.
Further, the position of scraping blade is provided with collecting tank makes the metal dust under scraping enter in collecting tank.
Further, the scraping blade is made of flexible material.
Further, the metal dust collecting mechanism include be arranged at negative electrode top along negative electrode axial direction can be to cathode surface
The shower for being sprayed, the outer wall adaptation of the shower underlying cathode is provided with collecting tank enters the metal dust under spray
In collecting tank.
Further, also including delivery pump, the delivery pump will be connected between electrolytic cell and shower, and the collecting tank passes through pipeline
The collection device that can carry out separation of solid and liquid is communicated to, collection device is connected with electrolytic cell by pipeline and carries out the backflow of electrolyte.
Further, multiple anode distributing points are distributed with the anode.
Further, multiple cathode feed points are distributed with the negative electrode.
Graphite felt or carbon felt are used for the anode of electric deposition device, and the compact texture from traditional carbon-based material is different, graphite felt
Or carbon felt is solid netted carbon-based conductive material, graphite felt or carbon felt increase with the contact surface area of electro-deposition electrolyte
Plus.The fine and close planar structure of traditional carbon-based material unless forced disturbance, the two sides of material cannot carry out or it is extremely difficult carry out mass transfer, and
Electric deposition device of the invention is used as anode material by graphite felt or carbon felt, and the space network of graphite felt or carbon felt has
Permeability causes to facilitate mass transfer.Graphite felt or carbon felt anode are not involved in electrochemical reaction, only provide the place that oxidation reaction occurs
With the passage of conveying electronics, its stability is high, is not susceptible to etching；Porosity is big, and fiber duct is communicating together, and electrolyte can be with
Smoothly circulation is without producing big fluid-pressure drop；Three-dimensional structure can promote electrolyte turbulence, be easy to active material mass transfer.
Compared with conventional dense original carbon-based material, under conditions of anode provides equivalents areal electric current density, graphite felt
Or carbon felt has the advantage that：（1）The gas that electro-deposition middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach is extremely separated out（Oxygen, chlorine, fluorine etc.）Evenly be distributed in electrolysis
Weaken, the phenomenon of " air curtain " in liquid,（2）Surface area current density declines, and is conducive to the stabilization of carbon-based material, not galvanic corrosion.Together
When, provided under equal surface area current density in anode：（1）Bulk area current density rises, and cathode-current density rises, and electricity is heavy
The speed of product cathode product is improved, and electrolytic efficiency is improved；（2）Cathode-current density becomes big, and cathode product is from densification to thin
Pine change, shape is changed from block, piece to grain, powder, and form is to small change, cathode product is easily peeled off with cathode electrode, has greatly
Beneficial to the electrodeposit metals production automation, the efficiency of electrodeposit metals production is improve.
Heretofore described big operating current, low current density, high current, low current density not represent electric current and electric current
The absolute value of density, is the electric deposition device in contrast to existing anode material, and relative electric current, current density value also refer to electricity
Relative value between stream and current density.
In sum, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）The electro-deposition is prepared in the method for metal dust, as a result of graphite felt or carbon felt as anode, its great ratio
Surface area can make anode under minimum current density, obtain big operating current, show different from conventional planar electrode
Characteristic, can overcome " air curtain " and galvanic corrosion phenomenon of conventional dense anode material；The change ambassador cathode product of cathode-current density by
Densification is changed from block, piece to loose change, shape to grain, powder, and form to small change, can obtain the metal of powdered greatly；
（2）By the use of graphite felt or carbon felt anode material, due to solving " air curtain " and galvanic corrosion phenomenon so that current adjustment
Whole scope is increased, can be by adjusting the form and size of the adjustment cathode product powder of operating current flexible in size；
（3）When the production of electrolytic iron powder is carried out using the waste liquid of sulfuric acid method titanium pigment production, titanium white production spent acid is solved
The problem of exhaust emission, improves the utilization rate of resource, and compared to traditional waste water utilization, high-purity iron powder obtained in the method is also carried
The value of byproduct iron high；
（4）Graphite felt or carbon felt are easily cut out, sliceable, are made anode and are extremely facilitated；
（5）The electro-deposition is prepared in the device of metal dust, and its metal that can realize negative electrode deposition is powdered, while passing through
The structure design of device also achieves being continuously withdrawn for electrodeposit metals powder, improve production efficiency；
（6）The cost of powder metal production is greatly reduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of electric deposition device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is another structural representation of electric deposition device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is another structural representation of electric deposition device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the overall structure diagram that electric deposition device of the present invention is based on Fig. 3 structures；
Fig. 5 is the A point enlarged diagrams of Fig. 4 electric deposition devices of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the anode assembling schematic diagram of Fig. 4 electric deposition devices of the present invention
Fig. 7 is the anode schematic diagram of Fig. 4 electric deposition devices of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the negative electrode schematic diagram of Fig. 4 electric deposition devices of the present invention.
Marked in figure：1- anodes, 11- conductive materials, 12- anodes distributing point, 13- supports, 2- negative electrodes, 21- cathode feeds
Point, 3- electrolytic cells, 4- scraping blades, 5- collecting tanks, 6- showers, 7- delivery pumps, 8- collection devices.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine by any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, can be equivalent or with similar purpose by other
Alternative features are replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics
.
A kind of electro-deposition is provided in the present embodiment and prepares the method for metal dust, including it is anode to use graphite felt or carbon felt
Material on electrolyte is electrolysed.As a result of graphite felt or carbon felt as anode, its great specific surface area can make anode
Under minimum current density, big operating current is obtained, show the characteristics different from conventional planar electrode, tradition can be overcome
" air curtain " and galvanic corrosion phenomenon of compact anode material；The change ambassador cathode product of cathode-current density from densification to loose change,
Shape is changed from block, piece to grain, powder, and form in corresponding electrolyte from that greatly to small change, can obtain corresponding powdered electricity
Deposited metal.
During electrolysis, can be adjusted by adjusting operating current size negative electrode deposition metal dust form and
Size.
In specific implementation, in order to ensure the quality and efficiency of metal dust, every square metre of electric current of cathodic work piece product
It is not less than 1000A.Coordinate the anode of graphite felt or carbon felt, anode keeps stabilization under the current strength.
In the present invention, the device that a kind of electro-deposition prepares metal dust is also provided.The device be can provide big operating current,
The continuous electro-deposition device of low current density, including the anode 1 with graphite felt or carbon felt as electrode material.Additionally, also including normal
The negative electrode that has of rule electric deposition device and electrolytic cell etc..Graphite felt or carbon felt can be the sale of existing market with pitch,
The carbon fibre precursors such as polyacrylonitrile, viscose, phenolic aldehyde, through the technique felt such as lapping, acupuncture, through pre-oxidation, carbonization（Graphitization）Afterwards,
What the obtained Web materials with bigger serface, or the use carbon fiber of existing market sale were made with weaving manner
Woven product with certain physical dimension.
In specific implementation, anode 1, negative electrode 2 are respectively provided with face structure, and face structure can be plane or curved surface, anode surface and
Cathode plane is oppositely arranged, and has spacing between face and face.Spacing preferably between face and face is not more than 50mm, to ensure electro-deposition
Efficiency.In order to ensure the uniformity of electro-deposition gained metal dust, throughout spacing is consistent to anode surface with cathode plane.
In addition, also including the metal dust collecting mechanism of the powdery metal collection for being deposited negative electrode, gold in the device
Category powder collecting mechanism can be the common mechanical structure design that can be gathered the powder of negative electrode 2.
By the structure, electrolysis unit can provide big operating current, low current density so that the deposited powder shape on negative electrode
Metal, very easily can be separated with minus plate after deposited metal powdered, and metal dust collecting mechanism can
Gathered with the metal dust that will be produced so that production serialization.
Specifically, as shown in figure 1, the negative electrode 2 of electric deposition device be one fix plate-like structure, anode 1 also for fix
Plate-like structure, the plate face of the negative electrode 2 is oppositely arranged with the felt face of anode 1, and has spacing between felt face and negative electrode plate face,
Away from consistent everywhere between plate, no more than 50mm.In Fig. 1, it is a scraping blade 4 that metal dust collecting mechanism is, the scraping blade can be
Negative electrode plate face is moved back and forth, and the cathode product metal dust of generation is scraped, when resultant metal powder is that iron powder etc. can be by magnetic part
During the material of absorption, the scraping blade 4（Metal dust collecting mechanism）1 magnetic part can also be replaced with to be adsorbed by magnetic force.It is real
The serialization for now producing.Fig. 1 structural tables show a vertically-mounted anode 1 and negative electrode 2, can also be using the side being horizontally mounted
Formula.
Another implementation method is as shown in Fig. 2 the flat anode 1 including being fixedly installed, the face also of negative electrode 2 is also flat
Face structure, the plate face of negative electrode 2 is oppositely arranged with the felt face of anode 1, and has spacing between felt face and negative electrode plate face, and spacing is between plate
It is consistent everywhere, no more than 50mm.But the negative electrode 2 is made of, using relatively thin material, to make it have flexibility, or using similar
The structure of crawler belt, the drive mechanism to form belt-like wheel is driven by wheel hub, in the side wall of negative electrode 2, using fixation
The scraping blade 4 of setting is scraped as metal dust collecting mechanism, the cathode product powder that will be deposited thereon, realizes the continuous of production
Change.Or the electric deposition device under this structure, when resultant metal powder is the material that iron powder etc. can be adsorbed by magnetic part, may be used also
Using the metal dust collecting mechanism of electromagnetic adsorption mode, the metal dust on the negative electrode 2 being moved to be adopted by magnetic force
Collection.
As shown in figure 3, the negative electrode 2 is for cylindrical or columnar structured, the plate face that it has is cylinder to another implementation method
Shape, can have an axle on axle center, it rotate around axle center, and anode 1 surrounds the outside for being arranged at negative electrode 2, and felt face and
There is spacing, no more than 50mm, anode 1 is fixedly installed, and scraping blade 4 is arranged at as metal dust collecting mechanism between negative electrode outer wall
The outer wall of negative electrode 2.During negative electrode 2 rotates, the scraping blade 4 being fixedly installed scrapes the cathode product powder end on negative electrode 2,
Realize the serialization of production.Or the electric deposition device under this structure, when resultant metal powder is that iron powder etc. can be inhaled by magnetic part
During attached material, can also be using the metal dust collecting mechanism of electromagnetic adsorption mode, by the metal on the negative electrode 2 being moved
Powder is gathered by magnetic force.
In above-mentioned each design, Fig. 1 be using two electrodes fix and metal dust collecting mechanism movement by the way of carry out
Collection.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 be using in the form of negative electrode is provided with driving structure, driving structure can drive negative electrode 2 to realize cathode plane
Movement, metal dust collecting mechanism will be deposited on cathode plane in cathode plane moving process metal collection, and in cathode plane
The interplanar distance of moving process middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach pole-face and cathode plane keep constant.Driving structure can be conventional mechanism transmission design.
In the present embodiment, also based on a kind of electric deposition device of Fig. 3 specific designs, as shown in Figure 4.The negative electrode 2 is cylinder
Shape is columnar structured, has an axle on the axle center of negative electrode 2, it is rotated around axle center, the rotatable installation of axle and axle
Mode constitutes its driving structure, and negative electrode 2 is equipped with the power set that rotation can be driven to it.Power set are not illustrated in figure,
But as conventional design without those skilled in the art are caused with the puzzlement in understanding.The rotating speed of preferred power plant is adjustable
It is whole, it is controlled the rotary speed of negative electrode 2.For example, using frequency conversion（Or speed governing）Motor is driven rotation to negative electrode 2.
As shown in figure 4, also including the anode 1 with graphite felt or carbon felt as electrode material, it is and cylinder or tubular construction
Negative electrode 2 be adapted to, the graphite felt or carbon felt using anode 1 have flexibility, and anode 1 is fixedly installed under negative electrode 2 using semi-surrounding
There is spacing between the felt face of the outside of side, composition u shapes or semiorbicular anode 1, and anode 1 and negative electrode outer wall, and the spacing is not
More than 50mm.Here it is formed to be fixedly installed, refer to that anode 1 does not rotate with negative electrode 2.
Anode 1 and negative electrode 2 are horizontally placed in electrolytic cell 3.Anode 1 is fixedly installed in electrolytic cell 3, and negative electrode 2
It is assemblied on electrolytic cell 3 by its rotating shaft, frequency conversion can be used（Or speed governing）Motor is driven rotation, the two ends of negative electrode 2 to it
Cathode feed point 21 is provided with portion, shown in Fig. 8.At the top opening of negative electrode 2, positioned at electrolytic cell liquid level top（Electrolyte
Do not flooded）, it is provided with the metal dust harvester being collected for the granular or granulated metal obtained by by electro-deposition
Structure.
Because the graphite felt or carbon felt of anode 1 have flexibility, in order to ensure the stabilization of the shape of anode 1, in specific implementation
The support 13 of sizing can also be set in the inner or outer side of anode 1, the restriction of graphite felt or carbon felt shape is carried out by support,
As shown in Figure 6.The support 13 is preferably made of non-conductor material, to avoid producing electrolytic process influence or be ionized
Corrosion.
In the present embodiment, also the metal dust collecting mechanism mentioned in embodiment is designed.Metal dust is gathered
Mechanism can be provided in the scraping blade 4 along negative electrode axial direction of the top of negative electrode 2.As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the scraping blade 4 and negative electrode 2
Surface is in contact, and the position of scraping blade 4 is provided with collecting tank 5 makes the metal dust under scraping to enter in collecting tank 5.Specifically setting
In meter, scraping blade 4 and collecting tank 5 can be located at the lower section of scraping blade 4, the granular or powdery that scraping blade is collected into separate design, collecting tank 5
Metal enters in the collecting tank 5 of lower section.Can also be as shown in figure 5, the bottom wall or side wall that scraping blade 4 is installed on collecting tank 5 form one
Body structure, the granular or granulated metal that scraping blade is collected into is in collecting tank 5.In order to protect the surface of negative electrode, the scraping blade 4
It is made of flexible material, while being easy to it to be fitted with cathode surface.
The collecting tank 5 illustrated in Fig. 4 is L-type groove, and scraping blade 4 is arranged on the base of collecting tank 5 and knot is integrally formed with collecting tank
Structure.Collecting tank 5 can also be U-type groove, and scraping blade 4 sets the side of collecting tank 5 and is integrally formed structure with collecting tank.
Or, metal dust collecting mechanism can also be can enter to negative electrode along negative electrode axial direction that the top of negative electrode 2 is set
The shower 6 of row spray, the outside adaptation of the underlying cathode of shower 6 is provided with collecting tank 5 makes the metal dust under spray can
Into in collecting tank 5.Loose metal of the highly pressurised liquid that shower 6 sprays directly to the surface of negative electrode 2 deposition is rinsed, with
Liquid stream is collected, and the side of collecting tank 5 is collected with the wall joint of negative electrode 2, and now collecting tank 5 coordinates with negative electrode 2 and closes
System is similar with Fig. 5.
Or, metal dust collecting mechanism includes shower 6 and the scraping blade 4 positioned at the lower section of shower 6 simultaneously, coordinates and collects
Groove 5 so that spray and scraping blade work simultaneously, improve cathode product collection efficiency.
When with shower 6, the liquid of shower can be outside electrolysis system, it is also possible to from diel
In system, i.e., sprayed using electrolyte.But preferably it is to be sprayed using the electrolyte in electrolysis system, does not on the one hand draw
Enter the liquid outside system, prevent the pollution or dilution of system, another aspect also enhances the mixing and flowing of system electrolyte inside.Cause
This, in another embodiment, the electric deposition device also includes setting up delivery pump 7, and the delivery pump 7 is by between electrolytic cell 3 and shower 6
It is the feed flow of shower 6 to connect, and the collecting tank 5 can extremely carry out the collection device 8 of separation of solid and liquid, collection device 8 by pipeline communication
The backflow for carrying out electrolyte is connected with electrolytic cell 3 by pipeline.The separation of solid-liquid, and negative electrode are completed in the collection device 8
The separation of product and electrolyte.
It is as follows that the electric deposition device is operated process：Electrolyte is added, is switched on power, negative electrode 2 is rotated, in the work of electric current
With depositing loose electrode metal powder or clipped wire on lower negative electrode 2, by control electric current size or cylinder, tubular construction
The rotating speed of negative electrode 2 controls size, form and the porousness of the metal dust of negative electrode 2, negative electrode 2 top use shower 6 with
The metal dust collecting mechanism of the composition of scraping blade 4 is collected to metal dust, and metal dust enters collecting tank 5 with spray liquid, with
Separation of solid and liquid is carried out into collection device 8 after the water conservancy diversion of collecting tank 5, powdered metal is obtained, the electrolyte after separation is back to
In electrolytic cell 3.Negative electrode 2 is continuously rotated, and metal is continuously deposited in negative electrode, and metal dust continuously can be received on negative electrode
Collection, realizes the serialization of production.
Based on said one or multiple implementation method, in order to further improve electrode between each position electrolysis uniformity,
Multiple anode distributing points 12 are distributed with another embodiment Anodic 1, it is specific as shown in fig. 7, the graphite felt or carbon felt of rectangle
Two sides pass through conductive material 11（Such as conductive metal or graphite）Clamping fixation is carried out to facilitate graphite felt or carbon felt electrode
Moulding and installation.The conducting metal selection principle is consistent with conventional electrodeposition selection principle, and conductive material 11 is used in the present invention
Titanium or titanium alloy material are made, and have the advantages that chemically and electrically stable in properties.2 anodes are respectively provided with the two ends of conductive material 11
Distributing point 12, or according to graphite felt or the length of carbon felt, more anode distributing points 12 can also be set in length direction, this
Sample ensures the equilibrium of whole graphite felt or carbon felt felt face each position electric current.
In addition, multiple cathode feed points 21 are also distributed with the negative electrode 2 to improve the uniformity that each position of negative electrode is electrolysed,
As shown in figure 8, cathode feed point 21 is designed at the two ends of the axial direction of columnar negative electrode 2.
In the present embodiment, the selection of the material of negative electrode 2 is consistent with conventional electrodeposition selection principle, is used in the present invention
Negative electrode 2 is stainless steel, can be used for being electrolysed high-purity iron powder, and cathode material is easy to get, and cheap, intensity is good, surface
It is not easy to wear.
Effect of the invention and advantage are：When graphite felt or carbon felt is employed as anode, its great specific surface
Product can make anode under minimum current density, obtain big operating current, show the characteristics different from conventional planar electrode,
" air curtain " and galvanic corrosion phenomenon of traditional material can be overcome.Graphite felt or carbon felt are easily cut out simultaneously, sliceable, make anode extremely square
Just.In addition, the change ambassador cathode product of cathode-current density from densification to loose change, shape is changed from block, piece to grain, powder,
Form, by the negative electrode of the rotation, the structure design of metal dust collecting mechanism, realizes electro-deposition production from greatly to small change
The automation and serialization of metal dust.
So that electro-deposition prepares high-purity iron powder as an example, preparation method is combined based on the present invention under Fig. 4 device overall structures
Device is described further.
Electrolyte is used in this method to come from the waste liquid of sulfuric acid method titanium pigment production.
First, iron filings will be added in waste liquid, to consume free acid therein, and ferric ion therein is changed into two
Valency iron ion, improves ferrous ion content, while replacing ionic state metal impurities therein, question response is finished；
Wherein, in order to improve the purity of resultant metal, a small amount of ion titanium contained in waste liquid is also by heating hydrolysis generation precipitation
Removal.
Waste liquid after this is processed is sent into the electrolytic cell 3 of the electric deposition device, the conductive material 11 in electric deposition device
It is made of that, using titanium alloy material, and negative electrode 2 is made of the power supply that electric deposition device is opened using stainless steel, opens cloudy
The variable-frequency motor of pole 2 drives negative electrode rotation, and by adjusting the size of operating current or the rotating speed of negative electrode 2, control negative electrode 2 is deposited
Iron powder form and the size of particle.
The iron powder that negative electrode 2 is deposited is produced by metal dust collecting mechanism, and is delivered to collection device 8 and carried out solid-liquid point
From the iron powder of acquisition high-purity.
With the carrying out of electrolysis, electrolyte PH value is gradually reduced, and electrolysis terminal is reached when PH≤2 are down to, and can progressively be replaced
Change or change fresh electrolyte.
In the present embodiment, negative electrode 2 is the rounded cylindrical structure of external diameter 200-300mm, and length is 300-600mm, cloudy
Pole 2 is made up of stainless steel, and the thickness of the graphite felt materials of anode 1 for using is the felt face of 5-20mm, the outer wall of negative electrode 2 and anode 1
Between spacing be 1-5mm, anode 1 wrap up negative electrode 2 lower half circle, in whole electrolytic process voltage be 3-10v, every square metre of negative electrode
Electric current adjustment space be 1000-2000A（Every square metre of negative electrode refers to negative electrode real work area in the electrolytic solution, is such as
1m2, then actual negative electrode total current is 1000-2000A, because the surface area of anode is very big so that the current density of anode is very
It is low.）, the iron of powdery has been obtained, after testing, its purity is more than 98% to the iron powder, and bulk density is more than 2.0g/cm3。
Under this methodology, can apply to electro-deposition and prepare the metal dusts such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, manganese, while the device
The form of metal dust can be adjusted by adjusting operating amperage.
The invention is not limited in foregoing specific embodiment.The present invention is expanded to and any in this manual disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that electro-deposition prepares metal dust, it is characterised in that：It is anode material to electricity to use graphite felt or carbon felt
Solution liquid is electrolysed.
2. the method that electro-deposition as claimed in claim 1 prepares metal dust, it is characterised in that：By adjust operating current come
The form and size of the metal dust of adjustment negative electrode deposition.
3. the method that electro-deposition as claimed in claim 1 prepares metal dust, it is characterised in that：The metal dust is iron powder,
The electrolyte is the solution containing ferrous sulfate.
4. the method that electro-deposition as claimed in claim 3 prepares metal dust, it is characterised in that：The electrolyte is sulfuric acid process titanium
The waste liquid of white powder production.
5. the method that electro-deposition as claimed in claim 4 prepares metal dust, it is characterised in that：The waste liquid before electrolysis,
Fe is additionally added to be reacted.
6. a kind of electro-deposition prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that：Including with graphite felt or carbon felt as electrode material
Anode（1）.
7. electro-deposition as claimed in claim 6 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that：Including the sun with face structure
Pole（1）With the negative electrode with face structure（2）, anode surface is oppositely arranged with cathode plane, and has spacing between face and face.
8. electro-deposition as claimed in claim 7 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that：Also include electrolytic cell（3）With
Metal dust collecting mechanism, the anode（1）And negative electrode（2）It is horizontally placed on electrolytic cell（3）It is interior, negative electrode（2）It is cylinder or circle
Tubular construction, negative electrode（2）Can be around its axle center rotary setting, anode（1）Semi-surrounding is arranged at negative electrode（2）The outside of lower section, metal
Powder collecting mechanism is arranged at negative electrode（2）The outer wall position of top, for by negative electrode（2）The metal dust collection of surface deposition.
9. electro-deposition as claimed in claim 7 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that：The metal dust collecting mechanism
Including being arranged at negative electrode（2）Top is along the axial scraping blade of negative electrode（4）, the scraping blade（4）With negative electrode（2）Surface be in contact, or/and
The metal dust collecting mechanism includes being arranged at negative electrode（2）Top is along the axial spray that can be sprayed to cathode surface of negative electrode
Pipe（6）, the shower（6）The outer wall adaptation of underlying cathode is provided with collecting tank（5）Enter the metal dust under spray to collect
Groove（5）It is interior.
10. electro-deposition as claimed in claim 9 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that：The anode（1）On be distributed with
Multiple anode distributing points（12）, or/and the negative electrode（2）On multiple cathode feed points are distributed with（21）.
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| CN107876756A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-06 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of device and method of electrodeposition process synchronous production variety classes Coated powder |
| CN107876756B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-08-09 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of device and method of electrodeposition process synchronous production variety classes Coated powder |
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| CN107620118B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2024-05-28 | 中国电器科学研究院股份有限公司 | Special-shaped cathode for electrolytic stripping and recycling rare noble metals |
| CN108842171A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-11-20 | 陕西瑞凯环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus that turbulent flow electrodeposition prepares metal-powder |
| CN109896598A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-18 | 浙江师范大学 | The preparation method of electric Fenton cathode material based on carbon felt load iron nano-particle and its application in degradation organic pollutants |
| CN109896598B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2022-02-25 | 浙江师范大学 | Preparation method of electro-Fenton cathode material based on carbon felt supported iron nanoparticles and application of electro-Fenton cathode material in degradation of organic pollutants in water |
| CN110306209A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-08 | 郑州金泉矿冶设备有限公司 | The equipment of electrolysis method production super fine silver powder |
| CN110760892A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-07 | 清华大学 | Method for preparing metal particles by continuous electrochemical deposition |
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