CN106756932A - 一种热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液及其配备方法 - Google Patents
一种热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液及其配备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
Abstract
本发明公开一种热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液及其配备方法，属热浸镀锌及镀锌层的后处理技术领域。本发明无铬钝化液由HNO3 5～10ml/l，NaF 1.5～3g/l，H3PO4 5～8ml/l，BaCO3 2～3g/l，植酸2～4ml/l，虫胶溶液1～3ml/l和蒸馏水配制而成。本发明的热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液组成中不含Cr6+、Cr3+，从工艺源头上彻底消除了铬的存在及危害。本发明的无铬钝化液应用于热浸镀锌层时，可在镀层表面形成均匀的钝化膜，且钝化膜表面处于封闭状态，实现了热浸镀锌层表面的钝化+封闭双重效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液及其配备方法，属于热浸镀锌及镀锌层的后处理技术领域，用于钢铁制件表面热浸镀锌层的钝化处理。
背景技术
热浸镀锌钢构件存放时，因阴雨天气或湿热空气的影响，镀锌层易发生腐蚀，使锌层表面形成暗灰色或白色疏松的腐蚀产物—白锈，严重影响了产品的外观。对于此，行业内普遍采用钝化处理以改善镀层的外观质量，避免镀层发生白锈腐蚀。传统的铬酸盐钝化工艺简单，膜结合力好，耐蚀性优异，一直是企业的首选。但铬酸盐钝化液中的Cr6+为有毒物质，并被列为电子、五金、玩具等产品制造过程严禁使用的添加物质。为此，发达国家一直在寻找铬零排放工艺和无铬钝化工艺，我国在此方面也开展了大量的研究工作，工程师们先后研制了硅酸盐钝化、腐植酸钝化、钼酸盐钝化、钨酸盐钝化、磷酸盐钝化等多种钝化处理剂或钝化工艺。如中国专利(申请号：CN201510830363.2)提供了一种主要由硅酸钠、钨酸钠、氟钛酸、双氧水、硝酸、磷酸和成膜促进剂组成的热镀锌层用的无铬钝化剂，中国专利(申请号：CN201510382539.2)提供了一种主要由氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、钼酸钠、硫酸氧钛、单宁酸、硅酸钙等组成的批量热镀锌用无铬钝化剂及其制备方法，中国专利(申请号：CN201510380882.3)提供了一种主要由植酸、硅酸钠、硫脲、单宁酸、硅溶胶等组成的热镀锌钢板用无铬钝化剂，中国专利(申请号：CN201510080210.0)提供了一种主要由水性醇酸树脂、钼酸盐、磷酸等组成的热锌层用无铬钝化液。这些不同pH值环境下的无铬酸盐转化膜，或是黑色的钼酸盐，或是灰色的磷酸盐转化膜，从外观上难以接受，而且耐蚀效果也不尽人意。所以，研究一种新型的无铬钝化处理剂及钝化处理工艺，在满足镀件外观质量的前提下，最大程度提高镀件的耐蚀性能具有重要的意义，这也是热浸镀锌领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液，所述钝化液组分组成为HNO3 5～10ml/l，NaF 1.5～3g/l，H3PO4 5～8ml/l，BaCO3 2～3g/l，植酸2～4ml/l，虫胶溶液1～3ml/l，蒸馏水。
所述无铬钝化液的组分中的虫胶酒精溶液为虫胶含量为2％～5％的酒精溶液。
所述无铬钝化液配制时首先将HNO3、H3PO4、NaF、BaCO3加入到蒸馏水中，然后添加植酸，最后添加虫胶酒精溶液。
所述处理剂用于热浸镀锌层的封闭处理时，工作条件要求为pH 3～6，温度室温，处理时间10～20s，其中pH值可用H3PO4或NaF调整。
本发明无铬钝化液组成中除了NaF、BaCO3钝化膜成膜物质外，还含有组成物植酸和虫胶，植酸在本发明的钝化液环境中可以和镀层表面发生络合作用，在镀层表面形成稳定的络合物，同时植酸还可以在金属表面形成一层单分子保护膜。在钝化膜形成的同时，无铬钝化液组分中的虫胶溶液能够渗入并封闭钝化膜中的微孔，且附着在钝化膜表面，从而起到钝化膜表面的有机封闭作用，实现热浸镀锌层表面的钝化+封闭双重效果，可明显提高镀层的耐蚀性能。并且，在本发明无铬钝化液中虫胶可稳定存在，即使无铬钝化液各组成物含量百分比在一定范围内波动，本发明的无铬钝化液中也没有出现虫胶的沉淀物。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明的钝化液组成不含有铬物质。
本发明的热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液组成中不含Cr6+、Cr3+，钝化膜的形成过程没有含铬物质的参与，也不发生铬化合物的转变；钝化液的废气液中所以镀锌层表面的封闭膜层中也不含铬；另外，封闭处理剂的废弃液中也不含有铬物质，所以本发明的钝化液及钝化过程实现了工艺过程无铬化，从工艺源头上彻底消除了铬的存在及危害。
(2)采用本发明的无铬钝化液处理所形成的钝化膜耐蚀性能好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于所述内容。
热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液的配制组成：HNO3 5～10ml/l，NaF 1.5～3g/l，H3PO4 5～8ml/l，BaCO3 2～3g/l，植酸2～4ml/l，虫胶溶液1～3ml/l，蒸馏水。
上述无铬钝化液的组分中的虫胶酒精溶液为虫胶含量为2％～5％的酒精溶液。
上述无铬钝化液配制时首先将HNO3、H3PO4、NaF、BaCO3加入到蒸馏水中，然后添加植酸，最后添加虫胶酒精溶液。
上述无铬钝化液用于热浸镀锌层的处理时，工作条件要求为pH 3～6，温度室温，处理时间10～20s，其中pH值可用H3PO4或NaF调整。
实施例1
热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液的配制组成：HNO3 5ml/l，NaF 1.5g/l，H3PO4 5ml/l，BaCO32g/l，植酸2ml/l，虫胶溶液3ml/l，蒸馏水。钝化槽容量27m3，钝化液体积约23m3。
将刚热浸镀锌后冷却的一批角钢镀件吊挂浸入上述钝化槽内，槽液温度为室温，浸渍时间20s，浸渍时挂具稍作移动，20s后将镀件移出钝化槽空置10s，待镀件表面晾干后发现镀件表面色泽均匀，表面存在一层半透明状浅褐色的钝化膜。
实施例2
热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液的配制组成：HNO3 10ml/l，NaF 3g/l，H3PO4 8ml/l，BaCO33g/l，植酸4ml/l，虫胶溶液1ml/l，蒸馏水。钝化槽容量27m3，钝化液体积约24m3。
将刚热浸镀锌后冷却的一批建筑用焊接预埋钢构件吊挂浸入上述钝化槽内，槽液温度为室温，浸渍时间10s，浸渍时挂具稍作移动，10s后将镀件移出封闭槽空置15s，待镀件表面晾干后发现镀件表面色泽均匀，表面存在一层半透明状淡淡黄色的钝化膜，钝化膜覆盖完整，焊缝处或构件的拐角或槽缝处钝化膜完整。
实施例3
热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液的配制组成：HNO3 8ml/l，NaF 2g/l，H3PO4 6ml/l，BaCO32.5g/l，植酸3ml/l，虫胶溶液2ml/l，蒸馏水。钝化槽容量27m3，钝化液体积约24m3。
将刚热浸镀锌后冷却的一批焊接钢管吊挂浸入上述钝化槽内，槽液温度为室温，浸渍时间15s，浸渍时挂具稍作移动，15s后将镀件移出封闭槽空置15s，待镀件表面晾干后发现镀件表面色泽均匀，表面存在一层半透明状浅黄色的钝化膜，钢管外表面钝化膜覆盖完整，钢管内表面及管口部位的钝化膜完整。
本发明的热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液组成中不含Cr6+、Cr3+，从工艺源头上彻底消除了铬的存在及危害。本发明的无铬钝化液应用于热浸镀锌层时，可在镀层表面形成均匀的钝化膜，且钝化膜表面处于封闭状态，实现了热浸镀锌层表面的钝化+封闭双重效果。
Claims (2)
1.一种热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液，其特征在于：无铬钝化液组分组成为HNO3 5～10ml/l，NaF 1.5～3g/l，H3PO4 5～8ml/l，BaCO3 2～3g/l，植酸2～4ml/l，虫胶溶液1～3ml/l，蒸馏水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种热浸镀锌用无铬钝化液，其特征在于：所述虫胶溶液为虫胶含量为2％～5％的酒精溶液。
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| CN115404426B (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-12-22 | 江苏甬金金属科技有限公司 | 一种高强度热镀锌钢板及其制备方法 |
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