CN106756928A - 一种镀锌用高效钝化处理剂及其配备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021556 Chromium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011636 chromium(III) chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/24—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds
- C23C22/33—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds containing also phosphates
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Abstract
本发明公开一种镀锌用高效钝化处理剂及其配备方法，属镀锌及其后处理技术领域。本发明的高效钝化处理液由CrO3 0.5～2g/l，HNO3 10～15ml/l，H3PO4 15～20ml/l，NaCl 0.3～0.5g/l，CH3COOH 5～8ml/l，CrCl3 2～4g/l，虫胶溶液1～2ml/l和蒸馏水配制而成。本发明的镀锌用高效钝化处理剂中铬含量低，且组分中包括有机封闭物质，应用于镀锌层时可在镀层表面形成均匀的钝化膜，钝化膜的表面处于封闭状态，实现了镀锌层的钝化+封闭双重处理，显著提高了镀层的耐蚀性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种镀锌用钝化处理剂及其配备方法，属于镀锌及镀锌层的后处理技术领域，用于钢铁制件表面镀锌层的钝化处理，提高镀锌层的耐蚀性。
背景技术
镀锌钢构件存放时，因阴雨天气或湿热空气的影响，镀锌层表面形成暗灰色或白色的疏松腐蚀产物，影响了产品的外观。为此，人们采用钝化或封闭后处理的方法防止或延缓镀锌层表面产生白色腐蚀产物。
传统的铬酸盐钝化工艺简单，钝化效果好，钝化膜耐蚀性优异，一直是企业的首选。但随着人们对Cr6+有毒、污染等认识的逐渐深入，传统的含有Cr6+的钝化剂或钝化工艺受到了限制或禁止使用。镀锌层的封闭处理虽能一定程度上提高镀层的耐蚀性、光亮性、平整性和防变色性，但难以满足镀锌层的防白锈要求。工程师们一直在寻找不含Cr6+或Cr6+零排放的钝化剂或钝化工艺。例如，人们先后研制了硅酸盐钝化、腐植酸钝化、钼酸盐钝化、钨酸盐钝化、磷酸盐钝化等多种钝化处理剂或钝化工艺。这些不同种类钝化剂处理后形成的无铬酸盐转化膜，或是黑色的钼酸盐转化膜，或是灰色的磷酸盐转化膜，从外观上难以接受，而且钝化膜的耐蚀效果也逊于传统的铬酸盐钝化。所以，研究一种新型的兼有封闭效果的高效钝化处理剂及钝化处理工艺，在满足镀件外观质量的前提下，最大程度提高镀件的耐蚀性能具有重要的意义，这也是镀锌领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种镀锌用高效钝化处理剂胶及制备方法。
本发明镀锌用高效钝化处理剂组分组成为：CrO3 0.5～2g/l，HNO3 10～15ml/l，H3PO4 15～20ml/l，NaCl 0.3～0.5g/l，CH3COOH 5～8ml/l，CrCl3 2～4g/l，虫胶溶液1～4ml/l，蒸馏水。
所述高效钝化处理剂组分中的虫胶溶液为虫胶含量2％的酒精溶液。
所述高效钝化处理剂配制时，首先将HNO3、H3PO4、CrO3、CH3COOH加入到蒸馏水中，然后添加NaCl和CrCl3，最后添加虫胶酒精溶液。
所述处理剂用于镀锌层的钝化处理时，工作条件的pH为2～4，温度为室温，处理时间为10～30s，其中pH值可用H3PO4调整。
本发明高效钝化处理剂组成含有CrO3、CrCl3等性能稳定、效果显著、应用成熟的钝化膜成膜主要物质，钝化处理初始，首先在镀锌层表面快速形成一定厚度的钝化膜。钝化液中的虫胶以微细颗粒悬浮在钝化处理剂中，在镀层表面钝化膜形成时虫胶夹杂在钝化膜中封闭钝化膜的空隙并粘附在钝化膜表面，干燥后镀层表面形成了致密的保护层，所以本发明的高效钝化处理剂具有钝化+封闭的双重效果，可显著提高镀锌层的耐蚀性能。
发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明的钝化处理剂组分含铬量低，且以Cr3+为主，污染轻。
本发明的镀锌用高效钝化处理剂中含有少量的Cr6+，组分中的铬以Cr3+为主，故钝化膜的成膜过程及钝化膜中Cr6+含量低，远远低于传统的铬酸盐钝化工艺，故其污染较轻。
(2)镀锌层经本发明的钝化处理剂处理后镀层的耐蚀性显著提高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于所述内容。
本发明一种镀锌用高效钝化处理剂，其配制组成为：CrO3 0.5～2g/l，HNO310～15ml/l，H3PO4 15～20ml/l，NaCl 0.3～0.5g/l，CH3COOH 5～8ml/l，CrCl32～4g/l，虫胶溶液1～4ml/l，蒸馏水。
上述高效钝化处理剂的组分中的虫胶酒精溶液为虫胶含量为2％的酒精溶液。
上述高效钝化处理剂配制时首先将HNO3、H3PO4、CrO3、CH3COOH加入到蒸馏水中，然后添加NaC和CrCl3，最后添加虫胶酒精溶液。
实施例1
本发明镀锌用高效钝化处理剂，其配制组成为：CrO3 0.5g/l，HNO3 10ml/l，H3PO415ml/l，NaCl 0.3g/l，CH3COOH 5ml/l，CrCl3 2g/l，虫胶溶液4ml/l，蒸馏水。钝化槽尺寸为3m×2m×1.5m，钝化液体积约8m3。
将刚刚机械镀锌后的一批螺栓镀件采用吊篮件吊挂浸入上述钝化槽内，槽液温度为室温，浸渍时间25s，浸渍时吊篮稍作移动，25s后将镀件移出钝化槽空置10s，待镀件表面晾干后发现镀件表面色泽均匀，表面存在一层半透明状浅黄色的钝化膜。
实施例2
镀锌用高效钝化处理剂，其配制组成为：CrO3 2g/l，HNO3 15ml/l，H3PO4 20ml/l，NaCl 0.5g/l，CH3COOH 8ml/l，CrCl3 4g/l，虫胶溶液1ml/l，蒸馏水。钝化槽尺寸为10m×1.8m×1.5m，钝化液体积约24m3。
将刚热浸镀锌后冷却的一批建筑用焊接钢构件吊挂浸入上述钝化槽内，槽液温度为室温，浸渍时间10s，浸渍时挂具稍作移动，10s后将镀件移出封闭槽空置10s，待镀件表面晾干后发现镀件表面色泽均匀，表面存在一层半透明状浅黄色的钝化膜，钝化膜覆盖完整，焊缝处或构件的拐角或槽缝处钝化膜完整。
实施例3
镀锌用高效钝化处理剂，其配制组成为：CrO3 1g/l，HNO3 12ml/l，H3PO4 16ml/l，NaCl 0.4g/l，CH3COOH 6ml/l，CrCl3 3g/l，虫胶溶液2ml/l，蒸馏水。钝化槽尺寸为2m×2m×1.5m，钝化液体积约5.5m3。
将刚刚电镀锌后的一批冲压件吊挂浸入上述钝化槽内，槽液温度为室温，浸渍时间15s，浸渍时挂具稍作移动，15s后将镀件移出封闭槽空置10s，待镀件表面晾干后发现镀件表面色泽均匀，表面存在一层半透明状浅黄色的钝化膜，镀件外表面钝化膜覆盖完整。
本发明的镀锌用高效钝化处理剂中铬含量低，且组分中包括有机封闭物质虫胶溶液，应用于镀锌层时可在镀层表面形成均匀的钝化膜，钝化膜的表面处于封闭状态，实现了镀锌层的钝化+封闭双重处理，显著提高了镀层的耐蚀性。
Claims (2)
1.一种镀锌用高效钝化处理剂，其特征在于：它的组分组成为CrO3 0.5～2g/l，HNO3 10～15ml/l，H3PO4 15～20ml/l，NaCl 0.3～0.5g/l，CH3COOH 5～8ml/l，CrCl3 2～4g/l，虫胶溶液1～4ml/l，蒸馏水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种镀锌用高效钝化处理剂，其特征在于：它组分中的虫胶溶液为虫胶含量2％的酒精溶液。
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1278805B (de) * | 1965-12-23 | 1968-09-26 | Rasa Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Phosphat-Korrosionsschutz |
| CN1105713A (zh) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-07-26 | 日本帕卡赖精株式会社 | 镀敷含锌金属钢板的表面处理组合物及表面处理方法 |
| CN102041495A (zh) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-05-04 | 葛八权 | 镀锌层黑色钝化剂 |
| CN101283117B (zh) * | 2005-10-07 | 2013-01-02 | 迪普索尔化学株式会社 | 用于在锌或锌合金上形成黑色不含6价铬的化学转化膜的处理溶液 |
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- 2016-12-27 CN CN201611230341.3A patent/CN106756928A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1278805B (de) * | 1965-12-23 | 1968-09-26 | Rasa Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Phosphat-Korrosionsschutz |
| CN1105713A (zh) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-07-26 | 日本帕卡赖精株式会社 | 镀敷含锌金属钢板的表面处理组合物及表面处理方法 |
| CN101283117B (zh) * | 2005-10-07 | 2013-01-02 | 迪普索尔化学株式会社 | 用于在锌或锌合金上形成黑色不含6价铬的化学转化膜的处理溶液 |
| CN102041495A (zh) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-05-04 | 葛八权 | 镀锌层黑色钝化剂 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李丽波等: "《表面预处理实用手册》", 28 February 2014, 机械工业出版社 * |
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