CN106747380B - 轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条及其制备方法 - Google Patents

轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106747380B
CN106747380B CN201611146806.7A CN201611146806A CN106747380B CN 106747380 B CN106747380 B CN 106747380B CN 201611146806 A CN201611146806 A CN 201611146806A CN 106747380 B CN106747380 B CN 106747380B
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韩复兴
陈延东
陈延新
吴长泉
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XINYANG KEMEI NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条，它包括发泡陶瓷基料、发泡陶瓷骨料和装饰釉料；所述发泡陶瓷骨料为莫来石或堇青石；所述发泡陶瓷基料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩12％～40％，钾长石20％～40％，高岭土10％～20％，混合泥0.5%～15％，膨润土0.5%～10％，三聚磷酸钾0.1％～0.8％，烧煤矸石4％～20％，绿碳化硅收尘粉0.10％～0.80％。所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条具有轻质、保温、耐火的优点，应用前景广阔。本发明还提供所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的制备方法。

Description

轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑装饰材料领域，具体地，涉及一种轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条及其制备方法。
背景技术
装饰线条是建筑装饰不可或缺的组成部分，现有装饰线条主要可分为石材装饰线条和仿石材装饰线条。其中，石材装饰线条是以天然花岗石、大理石为原料，经过选材、切割、磨抛加工、切割加工而成；仿石材装饰线条是以瓷砖、微晶石等建材边角料为原材料，经切割加工制得；或是以树脂粘结剂、石膏、混凝土或水泥为胶结材料，以石英粉、玻璃粉、花岗岩粉、大理石粉、氧化铝粉、金属铝粉等为骨料在模具内固化成型制得。
但是，石材装饰线条需要浪费大量石材资源，选材难，成品率低；以瓷砖、微晶石制备得到仿石材装饰线条截面起伏度上很难与石材装饰线条一致；而通过胶结材料和骨料制备的仿石材装饰线条，存在耐候性差、使用寿命低的缺点；另外，以上装饰线条的体积密度大，加工、运输、安装不便，容易出现安全事故，而且不具有保温作用。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条及其制备方法，以解决上述问题。
具体地，本发明采取如下技术方案：
一种轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条，其特征在于，它包括发泡陶瓷基料、发泡陶瓷骨料和装饰釉料；所述发泡陶瓷基料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩12％～40％，钾长石20％～40％，高岭土10％～20％，混合泥0.5%～15％，膨润土0.5%～10％，三聚磷酸钾0.1％～0.8％，烧煤矸石4％～20％，绿碳化硅收尘粉0.10％～0.80％。
基于上述，所述发泡陶瓷骨料为莫来石或堇青石。
基于上述，所述绿碳化硅收尘粉为碳化硅磨料加工时收尘器内粉末，绿碳化硅含量＞92%，细度≥8000目。
基于上述，所述发泡陶瓷基料与所述发泡陶瓷骨料重量比为(0.55～0.80)：（0.45～0.20）。
基于上述，所述装饰釉料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩12％～40％，钾长石20％～40％，高岭土10％～20％，烧煤矸石3％～15％，膨润土0.5%～10％，硅酸锆0～8％，色料0～8％，三聚磷酸钾0.1％～0.8％。
一种权利要求上述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
球磨 将所述发泡陶瓷基料和水混合进行球磨加工，制得发泡陶瓷泥浆，加入所述发泡陶瓷骨料，继续球磨0.5～1 h，过筛、陈腐处理，制得原料浆料；将所述装饰釉料和水混合进行球磨加工，过筛，制得釉料浆料；
制坯 将所述原料浆料制成坯体；
成品 将所述坯体进行干燥，采用所述釉料浆料对干燥后的所述坯体进行装饰，然后烧制，得到所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条。
基于上述，所述球磨的步骤包括：将所述发泡陶瓷基料和水混合进行球磨，制得细度为2.0%～2.5%（万孔筛筛余），含水率为30％～32%，流速以涂四杯计为50～100 s，密度为1.75～1.85 kg/m3的所述发泡陶瓷泥浆，加入所述发泡陶瓷骨料，继续球磨0.5～1 h，过20～60目筛，陈腐≥24 h，制得所述原料浆料。
基于上述，所述制坯的步骤包括：所述原料浆料通过压滤、脱气去除多余水分和空气，陈腐≥48 h，制得含水率为12％～14％的原料饼料；对所述原料饼料进行挤压成型、切割处理，制得所述坯体。
基于上述，所述制坯的步骤包括：将所述原料浆料逐步加入石膏模内形成泥坯，固化2～4 h，倒回多余所述原料浆料，继续固化 8～12 h，人工脱模，制得所述坯体。
基于上述，所述成品的步骤包括：将所述坯体干燥至含水率小于1%；使用所述装饰釉料对干燥后的所述坯体进行喷釉装饰；装饰后的所述坯体在1150～1210℃烧制90～180min，制得所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条。
经检测，本发明提供的所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的体积密度为500～1500kg/m3，导热系数为0.10～0.15 W/(m.k)，抗折强度＞5 MPa，防火等级A1级。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条，包括发泡陶瓷基料、发泡陶瓷骨料和装饰釉料；所述发泡陶瓷骨料为莫来石或堇青石，可以提高所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的机械强度，防止变形，延长使用寿命，同时其具有优异的耐火性，可以增强所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的防火性能；所述发泡陶瓷基料中加入绿碳化硅收尘粉作为造孔剂，其中绿碳化硅的细度达8000目，造孔性能优异，使得所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的密度较小，具有良好的保温性能，运输、加工、安装都更加方便，有效提高其使用安全性；同时，本发明提供的所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的制备方法简单，方便工业应用。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
以下各实施例中，所述凝灰岩为珍珠岩伴生矿，其包括以下质量百分数的组分：SiO2 72%～74%，Al2O3 15%～18%， Na2O 1.5%～2.0%，K2O7.0%～9.0%，Fe2O3＜0.20%，CaO＜0.5%，MgO＜0.3%，烧失＜2.5%；
所述钾长石包括以下质量百分数的组分：SiO2 64%～66%，Al2O3 19%～21%，Na2O3.0%～4.0%，K2O9.0%～11.0%，Fe2O3＜0.05%，CaO＜0.5%，MgO＜0.3%，烧失＜0.50%；
所述膨润土为珍珠岩伴生矿，其包括以下质量百分数的组分：SiO2 75%～76%，Al2O3 9%～12%，Na2O 1.0%～1.5%， Fe2O3＜0.50%，K2O＜0.5%，CaO＜1.5%，MgO＜2.5%，烧失＜10%；
所述高岭土包括以下质量百分数的组分：SiO2 43%～47%，Al2O3 34%～36%， Na2O＜1.0%，K2O＜0.5%，Fe2O3＜1.50%，CaO＜1.5%，MgO＜2.5%，烧失＜13%；
所述混合泥包括以下质量百分数的组分：SiO2 58%～62%，Al2O3 20%～22%，Fe2O3＜0.50%，TiO2＜0.30%，Na2O ＜1.0%，K2O＜1.5%，CaO＜0.5%，MgO＜0.5%，烧失＜13%，烧白度＞60；
所述莫来石的细度为60～80目，堆积体积密度＞2.7 kg/m3，其包括以下质量百分数的组分：SiO2 24%～28%，Al2O3 68%～72%，Fe2O3＜0.50%，TiO2＜0.30%， Na2O ＜0.15%，K2O＜0.15%；
所述堇青石砂的细度为60～80目，堆积体积密度＞1.6 kg/m3，其包括以下质量百分数的组分：SiO2 47%～51%，Al2O3 32%～35%，MgO 13%～15%，Fe2O3＜0.50%，TiO2＜0.30%。
实施例1
本实施例提供的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条包括发泡陶瓷基料和发泡陶瓷骨料；所述发泡陶瓷骨料为莫来石；
所述发泡陶瓷基料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩28%，钾长石32%，混合泥12%，高岭土20%，煅烧煤矸石4%，膨润土3.3%，三聚磷酸钾0.2%，绿碳化硅收尘粉0.50%；
所述装饰釉料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩40％，钾长石40％，高岭土10％，烧煤矸石5％，膨润土4.5%，三聚磷酸钾0.5％。
具体步骤包括：
球磨 按质量比为0.75：0.25：0.50称取所述发泡陶瓷基料、所述发泡陶瓷骨料和水，先将所述发泡陶瓷基料和所述水投入球磨机进行球磨12 h，制得含水率为30％～32%，以涂四杯计流速为50～100 s，细度为 2.0%～2.5%（万孔筛筛余），密度为1.75～1.85 kg/m3的发泡陶瓷泥浆，加入所述发泡陶瓷骨料，继续球磨0.5 h，过20目、40目、60目三道筛，陈腐24 h，制得原料浆料；按质量比为1:0.50称取所述装饰釉料和水投入球磨机进行球磨加工，过325目筛，制得釉料浆料；
制坯 所述原料浆料通过压滤脱水，真空混炼脱气，陈腐48 h，制得含水率为12％～14％的原料饼料，所述原料饼料进入挤出成型机内挤压成型，切割，制得坯体；
成品 将所述坯体放入履带式微波干燥窑干燥至含水率＜1.0％，采用所述釉料浆料在釉线上对干燥后的所述坯体进行装饰，装饰后的所述坯体进入烧成窑在1195℃烧制120 min，制得所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条。
所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条为釉面仿花岗岩饰面，经检测，其体积密度为981 kg/m3，导热系数为0.1316 W/(m.k)，抗折强度为10.50 MPa，防火等级A级。因此，所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条具有轻质、防火和机械强度度大的优点，使用更加安全。
实施例2
本实施例提供的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条包括发泡陶瓷基料和发泡陶瓷骨料；所述发泡陶瓷骨料为莫来石；
所述发泡陶瓷基料包括以下质量百分数组份：凝灰岩40%，钾长石20%，混合泥14%，高岭土16%，煅烧煤矸石5%，膨润土4.1%，三聚磷酸钾0.2%，绿碳化硅收尘粉0.70%；
所述装饰釉料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩30％，钾长石30％，高岭土20％，烧煤矸石5％，膨润土4.5%，三聚磷酸钾0.5％，硅酸锆5％，色料5％。
具体步骤包括：
球磨 按质量比为0.70：0.30：0.49称取所述发泡陶瓷基料、所述发泡陶瓷骨料和水，将所述发泡陶瓷基料和所述水投入球磨机进行球磨12.5 h，制得含水率为30％～32%，以涂四杯计流速为50～100 s，细度为 2.0%～2.5%（万孔筛筛余），密度为1.75～1.85 kg/m3的发泡陶瓷泥浆，加入所述发泡陶瓷骨料，继续球磨0.5 h，过20目、40目、60目三道筛，陈腐30 h，制得原料浆料；按质量比为1:0.45称取所述装饰釉料和水投入球磨机进行球磨加工，过325目筛，制得釉料浆料；
制坯 所述原料浆料通过压滤脱水，真空混炼脱气，陈腐48 h，制得含水率为12％～14％的原料饼料，所述原料饼料进入挤出成型机内挤压成型，切割，制得坯体；
成品 所述坯体放入履带式微波干燥窑干燥至含水率＜1.0％，采用所述釉料浆料在釉线上对干燥后的所述坯体进行装饰，装饰后的所述坯体进入烧成窑在1205℃烧制150min，制得所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条。
所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条为釉面仿花岗岩饰面，经检测，其体积密度为531 kg/m3，导热系数为0.1012 W/(m.k)，抗折强度为9.50 MPa，防火等级为A级。因此，所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条具有轻质、防火和机械强度度大的优点，使用更加安全。
实施例3
本实施例提供的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条包括发泡陶瓷基料和发泡陶瓷骨料；所述发泡陶瓷骨料为莫来石；
所述发泡陶瓷基料包括以下质量百分数组份：凝灰岩21%，钾长石40%，混合泥14%，高岭土16%，煅烧煤矸石5%，膨润土3.2%，三聚磷酸钾0.2%，绿碳化硅收尘粉0.60%；
所述装饰釉料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩20％，钾长石30％，高岭土20％，烧煤矸石9.5％，膨润土4%，三聚磷酸钾0.5％，硅酸锆8％，色料8％。
具体步骤包括：
球磨 按质量比为0.7：0.30：0.46称取所述发泡陶瓷基料、所述发泡陶瓷骨料和水，将所述发泡陶瓷基料和所述水投入球磨机进行球磨12.5 h，制得含水率为30％～32%，以涂四杯计流速为50～100 s，细度为 2.0%～2.5%（万孔筛筛余），密度为1.75～1.85 kg/m3的发泡陶瓷泥浆，加入所述发泡陶瓷骨料，继续球磨1 h，过20目、40目、60目三道筛，陈腐24小时，制得原料浆料；按质量比为1：0.45称取所述装饰釉料和水投入球磨机进行球磨加工，过325目筛，制得釉料浆料；
制坯 所述原料浆料通过压滤脱水，真空混炼脱气，陈腐48 h，制得含水率为12％～14％的原料饼料，所述原料饼料进入挤出成型机内挤压成型，切割，制得坯体；
成品 所述坯体放入履带式微波干燥窑干燥至含水率＜1.0％，采用所述釉料浆料在釉线上对干燥后的所述坯体进行装饰，装饰后的所述坯体进入烧成窑在1210℃烧制90min，制得所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条。
所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条为釉面仿花岗岩饰面，经检测，其体积密度为1208kg/m3，导热系数为0. 1488 W/(m.k)，抗折强度为12.50 MPa，防火等级为A级。因此，所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条具有轻质、防火和机械强度度大的优点，使用更加安全。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例3的不同之处在于：
所述成品步骤中：所述坯体放入履带式微波干燥窑干燥至含水率＜1.0％，采用所述釉料浆料在釉线上对干燥后的所述坯体进行装饰，装饰后的所述坯体进入烧成窑在1208℃烧制180 min，制得所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条；
所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条为釉面仿花岗岩饰面，经检测，其体积密度为641kg/m3，导热系数为0.1104 W/(m.k)，抗折强度为9.80 MPa，防火等级为A级。因此，所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条具有轻质、防火和机械强度度大的优点，使用更加安全。
实施例5
本实施例与实施例3的不同之处在于：所述发泡陶瓷骨料为堇青石；
所述制坯步骤中：将所述原料浆料逐步加入石膏模内形成泥坯，固化3 h，倒回多余所述原料浆料，继续固化 10 h，人工脱模，制得所述坯体；
所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条为釉面仿花岗岩饰面，经检测，其体积密度为681kg/m3，导热系数为0.1150 W/(m.k)，抗折强度为9.71 MPa，防火等级为A级。因此，所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条具有轻质、防火和机械强度度大的优点，使用更加安全。
实施例6
本实施例提供的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条包括发泡陶瓷基料、发泡陶瓷骨料和装饰釉料；所述发泡陶瓷骨料为堇青石；
所述发泡陶瓷基料包括以下质量百分数组份：凝灰岩28%，钾长石32%，混合泥12%，高岭土20%，煅烧煤矸石4%，膨润土3.3%，三聚磷酸钾0.2%，绿碳化硅收尘粉0.50%；
所述装饰釉料包括以下质量百分数组份：凝灰岩35％，钾长石35％，高岭土12％，烧煤矸石5％，膨润土8％，硅酸锆3％，色料1.2％，三聚磷酸钾0.8％。
具体步骤包括：
球磨 称取所述发泡陶瓷基料、所述发泡陶瓷骨料和水质量比为0.70：0.30：0.46，将所述发泡陶瓷基料和所述水投入球磨机进行球磨12.5 h，制得含水率为30％～32%，以涂四杯计流速为50～100 s，细度为2.0%～2.5%（万孔筛筛余），密度为1.75～1.85 kg/m3的发泡陶瓷泥浆，加入所述发泡陶瓷骨料，继续球磨1 h，过20目、40目、60目三道筛，陈腐24小时，制得原料浆料；按质量比为1：0.3称取所述装饰釉料和水投入球磨机进行球磨加工，过300目筛，制得釉料浆料；
制坯 所述原料浆料通过压滤脱水，真空混炼脱气，陈腐48 h，制得含水率为12％～14％的原料饼料，所述原料饼料进入挤出成型机内挤压成型，切割，制得坯体；
成品 所述坯体放入履带式微波干燥窑干燥至含水率＜1.0％，采用所述釉料浆料在釉线上对干燥后的所述坯体进行装饰，装饰后的所述坯体进入烧成窑在1210℃烧制90min，制得所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条。
所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条为釉面仿花岗岩饰面，经检测，其体积密度为1108kg/m3，导热系数为0. 1338 W/(m.k)，抗折强度为12.40 MPa，防火等级为A级。因此，所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条具有轻质、防火和机械强度度大的优点，使用更加安全。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (9)

1.一种轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条，其特征在于，它包括发泡陶瓷基料、发泡陶瓷骨料和装饰釉料；所述发泡陶瓷基料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩12％～40％，钾长石20％～40％，高岭土10％～20％，混合泥0.5%～15％，膨润土0.5%～10％，三聚磷酸钾0.1％～0.8％，烧煤矸石4％～20％，绿碳化硅收尘粉0.10％～0.80％；所述装饰釉料包括以下质量百分数的组分：凝灰岩12％～40％，钾长石20％～40％，高岭土10％～20％，烧煤矸石3％～15％，膨润土0.5%～10％，硅酸锆0～8％，色料0～8％，三聚磷酸钾0.1％～0.8％；所述混合泥包括以下质量百分数的组分：SiO2 58%～62%，Al2O3 20%～22%，Fe2O3＜0.50%，TiO2＜0.30%，Na2O ＜1.0%，K2O＜1.5%， CaO＜0.5%，MgO＜0.5%，烧失＜13%，烧白度＞60。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条，其特征在于，所述发泡陶瓷骨料为莫来石或堇青石。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条，其特征在于，所述绿碳化硅收尘粉为碳化硅磨料加工时收尘器内粉末，绿碳化硅含量＞92%，细度≥8000目。
4.根据权利要求3所述的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条，其特征在于，所述发泡陶瓷基料与所述发泡陶瓷骨料质量比为（0.55～0.80）：（0.45～0.20）。
5.一种权利要求1～4任一项所述的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
球磨 将所述发泡陶瓷基料和水混合进行球磨加工，制得发泡陶瓷泥浆，加入所述发泡陶瓷骨料，继续球磨0.5～1 h，过筛、陈腐处理，制得原料浆料；将所述装饰釉料和水混合进行球磨加工，过筛，制得釉料浆料；
制坯 将所述原料浆料制成坯体；
成品 将所述坯体进行干燥，采用所述釉料浆料对干燥后的所述坯体进行装饰，然后烧制，得到所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条。
6.根据权利要求5所述的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述球磨的步骤包括：将所述发泡陶瓷基料和水混合进行球磨，制得万孔筛筛余细度为2.0%～2.5%，含水率为30％～32%，流速以涂四杯计为50～100 s，密度为1.75～1.85 kg/m3的所述发泡陶瓷泥浆，加入所述发泡陶瓷骨料，继续球磨0.5～1 h，过20～60目筛，陈腐≥24 h，制得所述原料浆料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制坯的步骤包括：所述原料浆料通过压滤、脱气去除多余水分和空气，陈腐≥48 h，制得含水率为12％～14％的原料饼料；对所述原料饼料进行挤压成型、切割处理，制得所述坯体。
8.根据权利要求6所述的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制坯的步骤包括：将所述原料浆料逐步加入石膏模内形成泥坯，固化2～4 h，倒回多余所述原料浆料，继续固化 8～12 h，人工脱模，制得所述坯体。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条的制备方法，其特征在于，所述成品的步骤包括：将所述坯体干燥至含水率小于1%；使用所述装饰釉料对干燥后的所述坯体进行喷釉装饰；装饰后的所述坯体在1150～1210℃烧制90～180 min，制得所述轻质保温陶瓷装饰线条。
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