CN106739331A - 用于乳化炸药灌装膜的po膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜及其制备方法，属于工业炸药用灌装膜技术领域，该PO膜由依序层叠设置的外层、中间层和内层构成；所述外层由增强聚乙烯60wt％‑80wt％和丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯20wt％‑40wt％制成；所述中间层主要由增强聚乙烯20wt％‑40wt％和高密度聚乙烯60wt％‑80wt％制成；所述内层主要由丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯20wt％‑40wt％、茂金属乙烯‑已烯共聚物或茂金属MLLDPE10wt％‑30wt％及高密度聚乙烯40wt％‑60wt％制成；本发明旨在提供一种集PP膜和PE膜优越性能于一体的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜及其制备方法；用于灌装乳化炸药。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合膜，更具体地说，尤其涉及一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜。本发明同时涉及该PO膜的制备方法。
背景技术
乳化炸药是借助乳化剂的作用，使氧化剂盐类水溶液的微滴，均匀分散在含有分散气泡或空心玻璃微珠等多孔物质的油相连续介质中，形成一种油包水型的乳胶状炸药，是20世纪70年代发展起来的新型工业炸药。由于其形态为油包水型，因此需要采用膜进行包裹才行进行运输、使用。但由于炸药的特殊性，因此对膜的要求非常高。而现有的PO膜，由于配方搭配的不科学，无法同时具有良好的耐热性、耐寒性及化学稳定性，也不能同时具有较高的刚性、韧性和机械强度好。
发明内容
本发明的前一目的在于针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种具有良好的耐热性、耐寒性及化学稳定性，同时具有较高的刚性、韧性和机械强度好且可耐酸、碱和有机溶液腐蚀的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜。
本发明的后一目的在于提供一种制备上述PO膜的方法。
本发明的前一技术方案是这样实现的：一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜，该PO膜由依序层叠设置的外层、中间层和内层构成；所述外层由下述重量百分比的原料制成：增强聚乙烯60wt％-80wt％和丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％；
所述中间层主要由下述重量百分比的原料制成：增强聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％和高密度聚乙烯60wt％-80wt％；
所述内层主要由下述重量百分比的原料制成：丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％、茂金属乙烯-已烯共聚物或茂金属MLLDPE10wt％-30wt％及高密度聚乙烯40wt％-60wt％。
上述的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜中，所述中间层还包括重量百分比为0-1wt％的色母。
上述的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜中，所述内层还包括重量百分比为0.5-1wt％的爽滑剂。
上述的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜中，所述丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯的牌号为1002KW或DFDA7042。
上述的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜中，所述茂金属乙烯-已烯共聚物的牌号为Exceed1018LA；所述茂金属MLLDPE的牌号为SP1520或SP1522。
本发明的后一技术方案是这样实现的：一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜的制备方法，该方法包括下述步骤：(1)根据外、中、内层的重量百分比分别给三层共挤吹膜机的料斗上料；(2)物料搅拌均匀；(3)物料塑化挤出；(4)吹胀牵引；(5)风环冷却；(6)人字夹板；(7)牵引辊牵引；(8)电晕处理；(9)分切薄膜；(10)薄膜收卷，其中步骤(4)中，控制吹胀比为2.0～3.0；牵引比为4.0～6.0；步骤(8)中，电晕处理时的高频交流电压为5000～15000V/m2。
上述一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜的制备方法，步骤(3)中，首先对三层共挤吹膜机上加工内层的模头和机身区域加温，加热器温度设定为110℃-125℃，当加热至预定温度后，恒温1小时，然后设置模头和机身的开机温度为180℃-200℃，进行加热；同时，开始对加工外层和中间层的机身区域进行加热，设定为180℃-200℃。
本发明采用上述配方及工艺制备的PO膜，是集PP膜和PE膜优越性能于一体的一种特殊膜。本PO膜特性具有良好的耐热性和耐寒性，化学稳定性好，有较高的刚性和韧性，机械强度好，耐环境应力开裂与耐撕裂强度性能好，随着密度的上升，机械性能和阻隔性能会相应提高，耐热和抗拉强度也更高，可耐酸、碱、有机溶剂等腐蚀。全国南北温差差异较大，而采用本发明工艺配方生产而成PO膜即可解决温差差异较大造成包装存在的各种问题。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明，但并不构成对本发明的任何限制。
本发明的一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜，该PO膜由依序层叠设置的外层、中间层和内层构成；所述外层由下述重量百分比的原料制成：增强聚乙烯60wt％-80wt％和丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％；采用上述配方制得的外层，其作用与特性：低温下都能展现良好的机械性能，并具有优越的抗环境应力开裂性，极佳的挺性，冲击强度平衡提供了厚度减薄的可行性，并同时保持薄膜性能，光泽度好、透明度高、雾度低，卓越的牵伸性能和极佳的韧性。
所述中间层主要由下述重量百分比的原料制成：增强聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％和高密度聚乙烯60wt％-80wt％；采用上述配方制得的中间层，其作用与特性：在外层基础上更具有较高的刚性和韧性，机械强度好，耐环境应力开裂与耐撕裂强度性能好，随着密度的上升，机械性能和阻隔性能会相应提高，耐热和抗拉强度也更高。
优选地，中间层还包括重量百分比为0-1wt％的色母。色母可以根据需要将PO膜调成不同的颜色，由于着色于中间层，因此颜色不会脱落，不会影响内部炸药。
所述内层主要由下述重量百分比的原料制成：丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％、茂金属乙烯-已烯共聚物或茂金属MLLDPE10wt％-30wt％及高密度聚乙烯40wt％-60wt％。采 用上述配方制得的内层，其作用与特性：具有良好的防腐性能、阻隔电性能、防潮性能、防渗漏性能、拉伸强度高，化学稳定性，有较高的刚性和韧性，机械强度好，耐环境应力开裂与耐撕裂强度性能好，可耐酸、碱、有机溶剂等腐蚀。
优选地，内层还包括重量百分比为0.5-1wt％的爽滑剂。
在本实施例中，所述丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯的牌号为1002KW或DFDA7042。所述茂金属乙烯-已烯共聚物的牌号为Exceed 1018LA；所述茂金属MLLDPE的牌号为SP1520或SP1522。
其中，1002KW的性能参数如下：
DFDA7042的性能参数如下：
Exceed 1018LA的性能参数如下：
SP1520的性能参数如下：
本发明的一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜的制备方法，该方法包括下述步骤：(1)根据外、中、内层的重量百分比分别给三层共挤吹膜机的料斗上料；(2)物料搅拌均匀；(3)物料塑化挤出；(4)吹胀牵引；(5)风环冷却；(6)人字夹板；(7)牵引辊牵引；(8)电晕处理；(9)分切薄膜；(10)薄膜收卷。
具体地，步骤(3)中，首先对三层共挤吹膜机上加工内层的模头和机身区域加温，加热器温度设定为110℃-125℃，当加热至预定温度后，恒温1小时，然后设置模头和机身的开机温度为180℃-200℃，进行加热；同时，开始对加工外层和中间层的机身区域进行加热，设定为180℃-200℃。
步骤(4)中，控制吹胀比为2.0～3.0；牵引比为4.0～6.0；
吹胀比是吹塑薄膜生产工艺的控制要点之一，是指吹胀后膜泡的直径与未吹胀的管环直径之间的比值。吹胀比为薄膜的横向膨胀倍数，实际上是对薄膜进行横向拉伸，拉伸会对塑料分子产生一定程度的取向作用，吹胀比增大，从而使薄膜的横向强度提高。但吹胀比也不能太大，否则容易造成膜泡不稳定，且薄膜出现皱折。因此，吹胀比应当同牵引比配合适当才行，本实施例中控制吹胀比为2.0～3.0。
牵引比是指薄膜的牵引速度与环管挤出速度之间的比值。牵引比是纵向的拉伸倍数，使薄膜在引取方向上具有定向作用。牵引比增大，则纵向强度也会随之提高，且薄膜的厚度变薄，但如果牵引比过大，薄膜的厚度难以控制，甚至有可能会将薄膜拉断，造成断裂膜现象。本实施例中，薄膜的牵引比控制在4.0～6.0。
步骤(8)中，电晕处理时的高频交流电压为5000～15000V/m2。在PO膜表面电晕放电，产生低温高离子体，使PO膜表面表面产生游离基反应而使聚合物发生交联，表面变粗糙并增加其对极性溶剂的润湿性，这些离子体由电击和渗透进入被印体的表面破坏其分子结构，进而将被处理的表面分子氧化和极化，离子电击侵蚀表面，以致增加承印物表面的附着能力。
采用本发明配方及工艺制备的PO膜的检验标准与检验报告表
以上所举实施例为本发明的较佳实施方式，仅用来方便说明本发明，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，任何所属技术领域中具有通常知识者，若在不脱离本发明所提技术特征的范围内，利用本发明所揭示技术内容所作出局部更动或修饰的等效实施例，并且未脱离本发明的技术特征内容，均仍属于本发明技术特征的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜，其特征在于，该PO膜由依序层叠设置的外层、中间层和内层构成；所述外层由下述重量百分比的原料制成：增强聚乙烯60wt％-80wt％和丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％；
所述中间层主要由下述重量百分比的原料制成：增强聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％和高密度聚乙烯60wt％-80wt％；
所述内层主要由下述重量百分比的原料制成：丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯20wt％-40wt％、茂金属乙烯-已烯共聚物或茂金属MLLDPE10wt％-30wt％及高密度聚乙烯40wt％-60wt％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜，其特征在于，所述中间层还包括重量百分比为0-1wt％的色母。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜，其特征在于，所述内层还包括重量百分比为0.5-1wt％的爽滑剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜，其特征在于，所述丁烯线型低密度聚乙烯的牌号为1002KW或DFDA7042。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜，其特征在于，所述茂金属乙烯-已烯共聚物的牌号为Exceed 1018LA；所述茂金属MLLDPE的牌号为SP1520或SP1522。
6.一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜的制备方法，该方法包括下述步骤：(1)根据外、中、内层的重量百分比分别给三层共挤吹膜机的料斗上料；(2)物料搅拌均匀；(3)物料塑化挤出；(4)吹胀牵引；(5)风环冷却；(6)人字夹板；(7)牵引辊牵引；(8)电晕处理；(9)分切薄膜；(10)薄膜收卷；其特征在于，步骤(4)中，控制吹胀比为2.0～3.0；牵引比为4.0～6.0；步骤(8)中，电晕处理时的高频交流电压为5000～15000V/m2。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种用于乳化炸药灌装膜的PO膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，首先对三层共挤吹膜机上加工内层的模头和机身区域加温，加热器温度设定为110℃-125℃，当加热至预定温度后，恒温1小时，然后设置模头和机身的开机温度为180℃-200℃，进行加热；同时，开始对加工外层和中间层的机身区域进行加热，设定为180℃-200℃。
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