CN106734114A - House refuse pretreatment system and method based on high-pressure extrusion - Google Patents
House refuse pretreatment system and method based on high-pressure extrusion Download PDFInfo
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- CN106734114A CN106734114A CN201710043977.5A CN201710043977A CN106734114A CN 106734114 A CN106734114 A CN 106734114A CN 201710043977 A CN201710043977 A CN 201710043977A CN 106734114 A CN106734114 A CN 106734114A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion and method, the system is formed by connecting by garbage grab bucket, feed bin, chain mat machine, the first belt conveyor, bag breaking screening machine, the second belt conveyor, the 3rd belt conveyor, feed surge storehouse, high-pressure extrusion machine, the 4th belt conveyor, dry refuse classification subsystem and conveying worm.It is finally plastic garbage, metal garbage, building waste, combustiblerefuse and the major class of organic waste five by refuse classification by house refuse by carrying out sorting process again after broken bag screening process and high-pressure extrusion separating dry space from moist space；High-pressure extrusion equipment possesses superpower extruding force, goes for the separating dry space from moist space of the house refuse without break process, while employing a kind of, extrusion process compact, operational efficiency high particular organization short with crush stroke.Rubbish pretreating effect of the present invention is good, and the rubbish quality for sub-electing is higher, and processing procedure is quickly thorough, and high degree of automation, energy consumption level is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of domestic garbage treatment, and in particular to a kind of house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion
System and method.
Background technology
Sorting consumer waste effect is reached by pre-processing device, will be pre-processed as the preposition of burning, landfill or compost
Operation, is the more universal mode of current China's treatment house refuse.Conventional pre-processing device mainly has disintegrating machine, roller
Sieve, pneumatic separator, vibratory sieve, magnetic separator etc..For waste incineration, by pre-processing link, can to remove dregs etc. inorganic non-ignitable
Composition, improves the calorific value of rubbish；For compost treatment, by pre-process link can by metal, plastics, glass, dirt and
Stone etc. can not the rotten inorganic matter of heap separate, so as to improve the content of organic matter in rubbish, the impurity reduced in compost contains
Amount；For landfill, by pretreatment the available resources such as the metal and plastics in rubbish can be reclaimed, combustible with have
Machine thing is selected, and realizes the minimizing of rubbish, reduces amount of landfill.
However, the characteristics of due to China's house refuse, the separating effect of above-mentioned pretreatment is poor, shows following side
Face：(1) msw water content is high, and dry and wet mixes, and sack set pouch phenomenon is serious, has a strong impact on separating effect；(2) system it is huge,
Construction cost is high, and overall high energy consumption, operation expense is big；(3) noise, foul smell, sewage and dust pollution are serious；(4) it is artificial
Auxiliary sorts essential, work under bad environment.For a long time, above mentioned problem never has and overcomes, and rubbish pretreatment is located always
In a relatively low level.
The content of the invention
Based on the problems of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of house refuse based on high-pressure extrusion
Pretreatment system and method, can effectively process the rubbish that dry and wet mixes, and lift separating effect and energy consumption is low.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion, it is characterised in that including：
Garbage grab bucket 1, feed bin 2, chain mat machine 3, the first belt conveyor 4, bag breaking screening machine 5, the second belt conveyor 6,
3rd belt conveyor 10, feed surge storehouse 7, high-pressure extrusion machine 8, the 4th belt conveyor 9, dry refuse classification subsystem, spiral shell
Rotation conveyer 15；Wherein,
The garbage grab bucket 1 is arranged at the feed bin 2, corresponding with the feed bin 2；
The feed bin 2 is connected through chain mat machine 3, belt conveyor 4 with the bag breaking screening machine 5 successively；
The screenings of the bag breaking screening machine 5 is exported successively through the second belt conveyor 6, feed surge storehouse 7 and the height
Extrusion press 8 is connected；
The high-pressure extrusion machine 8 is provided with the outlet of extruding wet feed and extruding drier outlet, extruding wet feed outlet with it is described
Conveying worm 15 is connected, the extruding drier outlet successively through the 4th belt conveyor 9, the 3rd belt conveyor 10 with
The dry garbage inlet connection of the dry refuse classification subsystem；
The high-pressure extrusion machine 8 is using two-part extruding and the high-pressure extrusion machine of combined type pusher discharging；
The oversize of the bag breaking screening machine 5 is exported through the 3rd belt conveyor 10 and the dry refuse classification subsystem
Dry garbage inlet connection；
The dry refuse classification subsystem is respectively equipped with dry garbage inlet, plastic garbage outlet, metal garbage outlet, building
Garbage outlet and combustiblerefuse are exported.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of house refuse preprocess method based on high-pressure extrusion, using of the present invention
Pretreatment system, comprise the following steps：
Step is 1.：Garbage grab bucket material grasping；Handled rubbish is captured with garbage grab bucket；
Step is 2.：Feed bin is kept in；The rubbish of garbage grab bucket crawl is put into feed bin and keeps in；
Step is 3.：Chain mat machine is fed；Through chain mat machine to the rubbish in the first belt conveyor conveying feed bin；
Step is 4.：First belt conveyor is conveyed；Through the first belt conveyor to bag breaking screening machine conveying garbage；
Step is 5.：Broken bag is sieved；Rubbish carries out broken bag screening into bag breaking screening machine 5, broken bag object be with diameter greater than
The bagged garbage of 150mm, broken bag rate is more than 80%；
Step is 6.：Screenings garbage belt conveyor is conveyed；The screenings rubbish of bag breaking screening machine 5 is defeated through the second belt
Machine 4 is sent to be delivered to feed surge storehouse 7；
Step is 7.：High-pressure extrusion machine charging caching；The caching rubbish in the feed surge storehouse 7, after rubbish reach it is a certain amount of after
Conveyed to high-pressure extrusion machine；
Step is 8.：High-pressure extrusion machine separating dry space from moist space；Rubbish to entering carries out separating dry space from moist space in high-pressure extrusion mode, and divides
Dry, wet refuse after Shu Chu not separating, the dry msw water content after separation is less than 40%；
Step is 9.：The belt conveyor conveying of extruding siccative；The dry rubbish that high-pressure extrusion machine is exported is defeated through the 4th conveyer
Delivering to dry refuse classification subsystem carries out sorting process；
Step is 10.：Oversize garbage belt conveyor is conveyed；The oversize rubbish of bag breaking screening machine 5 is defeated through the 3rd belt
Sending machine 4 to be delivered to dry refuse classification subsystem carries out sorting process；
Into dry refuse classification subsystem dry rubbish successively through selection by winnowing, magnetic separation, spring sorting come sub-elect plastic garbage,
Exported after metal garbage, building waste and combustiblerefuse；
The wet refuse of the high-pressure extrusion machine output is exported as organic waste through conveying worm.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, house refuse pretreatment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
System and method, have the advantages that：
By the garbage grab bucket, feed bin, chain mat machine, the first belt conveyor, bag breaking screening machine, second that set organic linking
Belt conveyor, the 3rd belt conveyor, feed surge storehouse, high-pressure extrusion machine, the 4th belt conveyor, dry refuse classification subsystem
System and conveying worm, wherein, separating dry space from moist space is carried out with high-pressure extrusion machine, have runny by superpower high-pressure extrusion power
Machine rubbish is separated from raw refuse, and most solid matter such as plastics, larger fiber, sandstone, metal etc. be not because
Stayed in extrusion chamber with mobility, so as to realize separating dry space from moist space；High-pressure extrusion separating dry space from moist space equipment has superpower high pressure
Extruding force, goes for the house refuse without break process.Rubbish after separating dry space from moist space is sorted again；House refuse
Break process is not needed before carrying out high-pressure extrusion separating dry space from moist space equipment, energy consumption is reduced, merely through broken bag screening process, oversize
Msw water content is higher compared with low heat value, it is not necessary to carry out high-pressure extrusion separating dry space from moist space, so as to reduce the energy consumption of whole system.In order to
The relatively low moisture content of control oversize rubbish, sieve aperture is bigger than conventional house refuse cylinder round sifter；High-pressure extrusion machine is used
Two-part is extruded and the discharging of combined type pusher, and its crush stroke is short, extrusion process is compact, high working efficiency is so as to energy consumption drops significantly
It is low.Two-part extruding be first paragraph be as the once extruding of pre-extrusion, second segment as main extruding secondary extrusion；Combined type
Pusher is that extruding terminates to drain discharging oil cylinder pushing main extrusion head of the material stage by being arranged on the second secondary extrusion header structure and go out
Material, promotes the second secondary extrusion head pusher to discharge rather than by master cylinder；House refuse is by broken bag screening process and extrusion high
The dry msw water content of gained is relatively low after pressure treatment, and sequentially passing through dry refuse classification subsystem carries out selection by winnowing sorting plastics, magnetic separation
Sorting metallic iron, spring sorting sorting Building class rubbish, last gained is calorific value combustiblerefuse higher.At high-pressure extrusion
The wet refuse of gained is organic waste after reason.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will use needed for embodiment description
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is that pretreatment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention constitutes schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is high-pressure extrusion machine structure top view provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is high-pressure extrusion machine structural side view provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is high-pressure extrusion machine gate structure front view provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is high-pressure extrusion machine gate structure side view provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is preprocess method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
In figure：1- garbage grab buckets；2- feed bins；3- chain mat machines；The belt conveyors of 4- first；5- bag breaking screening machines；6- second
Belt conveyor；7- feed surges storehouse；8- high-pressure extrusion machines；The belt conveyors of 9- the 4th；The belt conveyors of 10- the 3rd；11- is moulded
Material separator；The belt conveyors of 12- the 5th；13- magnetic separators；14- bouncing sorters；15- conveying worms；
81- charging apertures；82- extrusion chambers；83- siccative discharging openings；84- wet feed discharging openings；85- frames；811- is once extruded
Head；Extrusion oil cylinder of 812-；813- insert-pull pins；821- the first secondary extrusion heads；831- the second secondary extrusion heads；822- bis- times
Extrusion oil cylinder；832- discharge oil cylinders；841- gates；842- gate oil cylinders.
Specific embodiment
With reference to particular content of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely retouched
State, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the present invention
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made,
Belong to protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion, including：
Garbage grab bucket 1, feed bin 2, chain mat machine 3, the first belt conveyor 4, bag breaking screening machine 5, the second belt conveyor 6,
3rd belt conveyor 10, feed surge storehouse 7, high-pressure extrusion machine 8, the 4th belt conveyor 9, dry refuse classification subsystem, spiral shell
Rotation conveyer 15；Wherein,
The garbage grab bucket 1 is arranged at the feed bin 2, corresponding with the feed bin 2；
The feed bin 2 is connected through chain mat machine 3, belt conveyor 4 with the bag breaking screening machine 5 successively；
The screenings of the bag breaking screening machine 5 is exported successively through the second belt conveyor 6, feed surge storehouse 7 and the height
Extrusion press 8 is connected；
The high-pressure extrusion machine 8 is provided with the outlet of extruding wet feed and extruding drier outlet, extruding wet feed outlet with it is described
Conveying worm 15 is connected, the extruding drier outlet successively through the 4th belt conveyor 9, the 3rd belt conveyor 10 with
The dry garbage inlet connection of the dry refuse classification subsystem；
The oversize of the bag breaking screening machine 5 is exported through the 3rd belt conveyor 10 and the dry refuse classification subsystem
Dry garbage inlet connection；
The dry refuse classification subsystem is respectively equipped with dry garbage inlet, plastic garbage outlet, metal garbage outlet, building
Garbage outlet and combustiblerefuse are exported.
As shown in Figure 2,3, the high-pressure extrusion machine 8 in above-mentioned house refuse pretreatment system includes：
It is feed hopper 81, extrusion chamber 82, siccative discharging opening 83, wet feed discharging opening 84,85, pressing mechanism of frame, secondary
Pressing mechanism, gate mechanism, Hydraulic Station and electric-control system；Wherein,
Each part is each provided in the frame 85；
The feed hopper 81 is located at the top of the extrusion chamber 82, is connected with the extrusion chamber 82；
Pressing mechanism is arranged in the frame 85 perpendicular to the extrusion chamber 82, a pressing mechanism
An extrusion head extend into the extrusion chamber 82, can be moved in the extrusion chamber 82 and rubbish material is extruded；
Pressing mechanism is provided with the locking device for extrusion head position that can lock a pressing mechanism；
The secondary extrusion mechanism is disposed coaxially in the frame 85 with the extrusion chamber 82, the secondary extrusion mechanism
The front end of the second secondary extrusion first 831 extend into the extrusion chamber 82, the rear end of second secondary extrusion first 831 is provided with row
Material oil cylinder 832 (specifically, discharge oil cylinder 832 is fixed in the first secondary extrusion first 821, the cylinder rod of discharge oil cylinder 832 and
First 831 connection of two secondary extrusions, can forward promote the second secondary extrusion first 831), and the second secondary extrusion first 831 can be in the extruding
Movement is extruded rubbish material in chamber 82, and the discharge oil cylinder 832 can promote second secondary extrusion first 831 by extruding
Dry rubbish material discharge in chamber 82 after extruding；A kind of short energy consumption of stroke of composite cylinder is formed by setting discharge oil cylinder 832
Low secondary extrusion mechanism；
Pressing mechanism is mutually perpendicular to the secondary extrusion mechanism；
The inwall of the extrusion chamber 82 and an end of extrusion head 811 are provided with wet refuse discharge through hole；
The extrusion chamber 82 front end coaxial with the secondary extrusion mechanism is provided with the siccative discharging opening 83, the siccative
The gate mechanism is provided with the extrusion chamber 82 before discharging opening 83；
The lower end of the extrusion chamber 82 is provided with the wet feed discharging opening 84；
Pressing mechanism, secondary extrusion mechanism and gate mechanism connect with the Hydraulic Station and electric-control system respectively
Connect.
Pressing mechanism of above-mentioned high-pressure extrusion machine 8 includes：
Extrusion oil cylinder 822, an extrusion head 811 and two groups of insert-pull pins 813 as locking device；Wherein,
The rear end of extrusion head 811 is connected with an extrusion oil cylinder 812, and the front end of extrusion head 811 is stretched
Enter in the extrusion chamber 82；
Two groups of insert-pull pins 13 are respectively provided at an extrusion head 811 both sides, can insert to secure the above and once squeeze
The position of pressure head 811；
Extrusion oil cylinder 812 is connected with the Hydraulic Station and electric-control system.
The secondary extrusion mechanism of above-mentioned high-pressure extrusion machine 8 includes：Secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822, the first secondary extrusion first 821,
Second secondary extrusion first 831 and the discharge oil cylinder 832；Wherein,
First 821 rear end of first secondary extrusion is connected with the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822；
First secondary extrusion first 821 and second secondary extrusion first 831 are Split type structure, are squeezed for described the first two times
Pressure head 821 is in coaxially arranged, first 821 front end of the first secondary extrusion and described second with second secondary extrusion first 831
The rear end in contact connection of secondary extrusion first 831, is that contact is flexibly connected；
The rear end of second secondary extrusion first 831 sets the discharge oil cylinder 832, second secondary extrusion first 831
Front end is located in the extrusion chamber 82；
The secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 and discharge oil cylinder 832 are connected with the Hydraulic Station and electric-control system respectively；
The pressure limit that the secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 is produced in the extrusion chamber 82 is 0~80MPa；This is secondary crowded
The maximum thrust that compressing cylinder 822 is produced is that an extrusion oil cylinder 812 of a pressing mechanism produces the 3~5 of maximum thrust
Times.
As shown in Figure 4,5, the gate mechanism of above-mentioned high-pressure extrusion machine 8 includes：
Gate and gate oil cylinder, the gate are located in the extrusion chamber 82 before the siccative discharging opening 83, the gate
841 are connected perpendicular to the extrusion chamber 82, the gate 841 with the gate oil cylinder 842；
The gate oil cylinder 842 is connected with the Hydraulic Station and electric-control system.
Dry refuse classification subsystem in above-mentioned house refuse pretreatment system includes：Plastic winnowing machine 11, the 5th belt
Conveyer 12, magnetic separator 13 and bouncing sorter 14；Wherein,
The plastic winnowing machine 11 is provided with dry garbage inlet, plastic garbage outlet and non-plastic garbage outlet, the non-modeling
Material garbage outlet is connected through the 5th belt conveyor 12 with the magnetic separator 13；
The magnetic separator 13 be provided with metal garbage outlet and nonmetallic garbage outlet, the nonmetallic garbage outlet with it is described
Bouncing sorter 14 is connected；
The bouncing sorter 14 is provided with building waste outlet and combustiblerefuse outlet.
The magnetic separator of above-mentioned dry refuse classification subsystem uses across band magnetic separator.
It is 150~200mm's that bag breaking screening machine in above-mentioned house refuse pretreatment system uses the sieve diameter of screen cloth
Drum-type screening machine, broken bag rate is more than 80%；
The stuff level switch for controlling the high-pressure extrusion machine start and stop is provided with the feed surge storehouse；
The conveying worm uses Shaftless screw conveyor.
Referring to Fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of house refuse preprocess method based on high-pressure extrusion, using upper
The pretreatment system stated, comprises the following steps：
Step is 1.：Garbage grab bucket material grasping；Handled rubbish is captured with garbage grab bucket；
Step is 2.：Feed bin is kept in；The rubbish of garbage grab bucket crawl is put into feed bin and keeps in；
Step is 3.：Chain mat machine is fed；Through chain mat machine to the rubbish in the first belt conveyor conveying feed bin；
Step is 4.：First belt conveyor is conveyed；Through the first belt conveyor to bag breaking screening machine conveying garbage；
Step is 5.：Broken bag is sieved；Rubbish carries out broken bag screening into bag breaking screening machine 5, broken bag object be with diameter greater than
The bagged garbage of 150mm, broken bag rate is more than 80%；
Step is 6.：Screenings garbage belt conveyor is conveyed；The screenings rubbish of bag breaking screening machine 5 is defeated through the second belt
Machine 4 is sent to be delivered to feed surge storehouse 7；
Step is 7.：High-pressure extrusion machine charging caching；The caching rubbish in the feed surge storehouse 7, after rubbish reach it is a certain amount of after
Conveyed to high-pressure extrusion machine；
Step is 8.：High-pressure extrusion machine separating dry space from moist space；Rubbish to entering carries out separating dry space from moist space in high-pressure extrusion mode, and divides
Dry, wet refuse after Shu Chu not separating, the dry msw water content after separation is less than 40%；
Step is 9.：The belt conveyor conveying of extruding siccative；The dry rubbish that high-pressure extrusion machine is exported is defeated through the 4th conveyer
Delivering to dry refuse classification subsystem carries out sorting process；
Step is 10.：Oversize garbage belt conveyor is conveyed；The oversize rubbish of bag breaking screening machine 5 is defeated through the 3rd belt
Sending machine 4 to be delivered to dry refuse classification subsystem carries out sorting process；
Into dry refuse classification subsystem dry rubbish successively through selection by winnowing, magnetic separation, spring sorting come sub-elect plastic garbage,
Exported after metal garbage, building waste and combustiblerefuse；
The wet refuse of the high-pressure extrusion machine output is exported as organic waste through conveying worm.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion of the invention, and Fig. 2 is high-pressure extrusion machine of the invention
8 side view, Fig. 3 is the top view of high-pressure extrusion machine 8 of the invention, and the high-pressure extrusion machine 8 includes：Feed hopper 81, extrusion chamber
82nd, siccative discharging opening 83, wet feed discharging opening 84, the extrusion head 811, a time of frame 85, time extrusion oil cylinder 812, insert-pull pin 813,
First secondary extrusion first 821, the second secondary extrusion first 831, secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822, discharge oil cylinder 832, gate 841 and gate
Oil cylinder 842, Hydraulic Station and electric-control system in addition are not marked on the diagram.
Wherein, feed hopper 81 and one time the one of the pressing mechanism time perpendicular arrangement of extrusion head 811, extrusion head 811 with
First secondary extrusion first 821 and the perpendicular arrangement of the second secondary extrusion first 831 of secondary extrusion mechanism, siccative discharging opening 83 and
One secondary extrusion first 821, the second secondary extrusion first 831 in coaxially arranged, gate 841 and the perpendicular arrangement of extrusion chamber 82；
The inwall of extrusion chamber 82 and an end of extrusion head 811 are provided with the through hole discharged for wet refuse, 6~10mm of aperture；
Insert-pull pin 813 as locking device has two groups, the both sides of extrusion head 811 is symmetrically distributed in, when insert-pull pin 813
When injecting an extrusion head 811, an extrusion head 811 will be fixed and cannot act；
Discharge oil cylinder 832 is fixed in the first secondary extrusion first 821, can be with first 821 motion of the first secondary extrusion；
First secondary extrusion first 821 and the second secondary extrusion first 831 are Split type structure, can be separated；
The maximum thrust that secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 is produced can be adjusted by hydraulic system, be produced in extrusion chamber 82
Pressure limit is 0~80MPa；The maximum thrust that secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822 is produced is that an extrusion oil cylinder 812 produces maximum thrust
3~5 times.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are the front view and side view of the gate mechanism of high-pressure extrusion machine 8 of the invention.By gate oil cylinder 842
Hole is provided with the gate 841 of driving, when starting high-pressure extrusion after the closing of gate 841, wet stock is except from extrusion chamber 82
Wall, the end of extrusion head 811 discharge are outer, it is also possible to be discharged to wet feed discharging opening from gate bottom through the hole on gate 841
84.Gate 841 sets the passing away that perforate considerably increases wet feed.
As shown in fig. 6, using the house refuse pretreatment side based on high-pressure extrusion of above-mentioned house refuse pretreatment system
Method, comprises the following steps：Garbage grab bucket material grasping (step is 1.), feed bin keep in (step is 2.), chain mat machine feed (step is 3.), belt
Conveyer conveying (step is 4.), broken bag screening (step is 5.), screenings garbage belt conveyor conveying (step is 6.), oversize rubbish
Rubbish belt conveyor conveying (step is 10.), high-pressure extrusion machine charging caching (step is 7.), high-pressure extrusion machine separating dry space from moist space (step
8.), extruding siccative belt conveyor conveying (step is 9.), plastic winnowing machine selection by winnowing (step), belt conveyor conveying (step), magnetic separator magnetic separation (step), bouncing sorter sorting (step), conveying worm conveying (step)。
The detailed process of above-mentioned preprocess method is：House refuse captures (step is 1.) from rubbish pit by garbage grab bucket
Feeding to feed bin (step is 2.), the afterwards chain mat machine by being arranged on bin bottom feeds into the first belt conveyor conveying (step
3., 4.) to bag breaking screening machine (step is 5.)；In bag breaking screening machine, broken bag screening process are carried out simultaneously to house refuse, under sieve
Thing rubbish is conveyed in (step is 6.) paramount extrusion press feed surge storehouse (step is 7.), afterwards in height by the second belt conveyor
High-pressure extrusion separating dry space from moist space (step is 8.) is realized in extrusion press, the siccative that extruding is obtained is conveyed by the 3rd belt conveyor
(step is 9.) to the 4th belt conveyor conveying (step is 10.) and bag breaking screening machine oversize converges；Plastic winnowing is delivered to afterwards
Machine (step), plastic garbage is sorted out by selection by winnowing；(step is conveyed by the 5th belt conveyor) magnetic is carried out to magnetic separator
Choosing (step), sort out metal garbage (iron)；Building waste (step is sorted out into bouncing sorter)；By above-mentioned
The combustiblerefuse of high heating value is obtained after sorting；The wet feed that high-pressure extrusion is obtained is organic waste, and (step is conveyed by conveying worm
Suddenly)。
Wherein, step broken bag screening process 5. are to be completed in broken bag screening all-in-one in an equipment, and broken bag object is
Bagged garbage with diameter greater than 150mm, it is desirable to which broken bag rate is more than 80%, and it is drum-type to sieve, and using large aperture screen cloth, sieve aperture is straight
150~200mm of footpath, it is therefore intended that ensure the high heating value and low-water-content of oversize；
Step high-pressure extrusion machine feed surge storehouse 7., is provided with stuff level switch, when the material stock in feed surge storehouse reaches
During setting value, high-pressure extrusion machine just starts to extrude work；
Step high-pressure extrusion machine 8., using a kind of crush stroke it is short, extrusion process is compact, high working efficiency is so as to energy consumption
The specific pressing mechanism for substantially reducing, it is desirable to which the highest extruding force in extrusion chamber reaches 80MPa.Under this hyperpressure so that
5. step is isolated and turned into by way of high-pressure extrusion in the screenings rubbish of gained more than 80% organic kitchen garbage
Wet feed obtained by extruding, so as to ensure that the siccative moisture content obtained by extruding is less than 40%；
StepMagnetic separator be across band magnetic separator；
StepConveying worm use Shaftless screw conveyor.
In above-mentioned preprocess method, the mode that high-pressure extrusion machine separates dry and wet rubbish is following (referring to shown in Fig. 1 to 5)：
When charging aperture 81 is fed to certain volume, one time extrusion head 811 starts under a driving for extrusion oil cylinder 812
In pusher to extrusion chamber 82, pre-extrusion then is carried out to rubbish.Pre-extrusion terminates, by the insert-pull pin 813 as locking device
By a position locking for extrusion head 811, secondary extrusion head can be with split into the first secondary extrusion first 821 and the second secondary extrusion
First 831, two secondary extrusion heads start to proceed to extrude i.e. secondary squeezing to rubbish under the driving of secondary extrusion oil cylinder 822
Pressure.The wet stock for squeezing out is by the hole on the inwall of extrusion chamber 82, an end of extrusion head 811 and gate 841 by wet feed
Discharging opening 84 is discharged.Secondary extrusion terminates, and gate 841 is opened under the driving of gate oil cylinder 842, now secondary extrusion oil cylinder
822 and first secondary extrusion first 821 be failure to actuate, and promote the second secondary extrusion first 831 to carry out discharge forward by discharge oil cylinder 832
Action.So, the siccative that extruding is obtained just is discharged from siccative discharging opening 83.Discharge terminate after by while carrying out the dynamic of two lines
Make：One is that extrusion head 11 is unlocked, an extrusion head 811 retracts under a driving for extrusion oil cylinder 812；One is discharge oil
Cylinder 832 drives first 831 rollback of the second secondary extrusion, gate 841 to be closed under the driving of gate oil cylinder 842, the first secondary extrusion
First 821 retract under the driving of secondary extrusion oil cylinder.So far, extruding terminates, and waits next extrusion cycle.
The pre-extrusion for once extruding of above-mentioned high-pressure extrusion machine, by the 40%~60% of garbage-compressing to initial volume, on
The secondary extrusion as main extruding of high-pressure extrusion machine is stated, by the 10%~30% of garbage-compressing to initial volume, therefore, it is secondary
The maximum thrust that extrusion oil cylinder 822 is produced is 3~5 times that extrusion oil cylinder 812 produces maximum thrust.Secondary extrusion oil cylinder
822 maximum thrusts for producing can be adjusted by hydraulic system, it is desirable to and the pressure limit produced in the extrusion chamber 82 is 0~
80MPa。
The above-mentioned pretreatment system and method provided by the present invention, can reach following effect：
(1) rubbish separating dry space from moist space is carried out by high-pressure extrusion machine, rubbish separating dry space from moist space degree meets subsequent technique treatment
It is required that, separating dry space from moist space is thorough.
(2) rubbish pretreating effect is good, and the five class rubbish qualities for sub-electing are higher.
(3) full automatic, quick isolation technics, it is unattended.
(4) energy-conserving and environment-protective, energy consumption level is relatively low.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
Should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Enclose and be defined.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion, it is characterised in that including：
Garbage grab bucket (1), feed bin (2), chain mat machine (3), the first belt conveyor (4), bag breaking screening machine (5), the second belt are defeated
Send machine (6), the 3rd belt conveyor (10), feed surge storehouse (7), high-pressure extrusion machine (8), the 4th belt conveyor (9), dry rubbish
Rubbish sorting subsystem, conveying worm (15)；Wherein,
The garbage grab bucket (1) is arranged on the feed bin (2) place, corresponding with the feed bin (2)；
The feed bin (2) is connected through chain mat machine (3), belt conveyor (4) with the bag breaking screening machine (5) successively；
The bag breaking screening machine (5) screenings outlet successively through the second belt conveyor (6), feed surge storehouse (7) with it is described
High-pressure extrusion machine (8) is connected；
The high-pressure extrusion machine (8) is provided with the outlet of extruding wet feed and extruding drier outlet, the extruding wet feed outlet and the spiral shell
Rotation conveyer (15) connection, the extruding drier outlet is successively through the 4th belt conveyor (9), the 3rd belt conveyor
(10) the dry garbage inlet with the dry refuse classification subsystem is connected；
The high-pressure extrusion machine (8) is using two-part extruding and the high-pressure extrusion machine of combined type pusher discharging；
The oversize of the bag breaking screening machine (5) is exported through the 3rd belt conveyor (10) and the dry refuse classification subsystem
Dry garbage inlet connection；
The dry refuse classification subsystem is respectively equipped with dry garbage inlet, plastic garbage outlet, metal garbage outlet, building waste
Outlet and combustiblerefuse outlet.
2. the house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the high pressure
Extruder (8) includes：
Feed hopper (81), extrusion chamber (82), siccative discharging opening (83), wet feed discharging opening (84), frame (85), an extruder
Structure, secondary extrusion mechanism, gate mechanism, Hydraulic Station and electric-control system；Wherein,
Each part is each provided in the frame (85)；
The feed hopper (81) is located at the extrusion chamber (82) top, is connected with the extrusion chamber (82)；
Pressing mechanism is arranged in the frame (85) perpendicular to the extrusion chamber (82), a pressing mechanism
An extrusion head extend into the extrusion chamber (82), can be moved in the extrusion chamber (82) and rubbish material is squeezed
Pressure；
Pressing mechanism is provided with the locking device for extrusion head position that can lock a pressing mechanism；
The secondary extrusion mechanism is disposed coaxially in the frame (85) with the extrusion chamber (82), the secondary extrusion mechanism
The front end of the second secondary extrusion head (831) extend into the extrusion chamber (82), the rear end of second secondary extrusion head (831)
Discharge oil cylinder (832) is provided with, the second secondary extrusion head (831) can be moved in the extrusion chamber (82) squeezes to rubbish material
Pressure, the discharge oil cylinder (832) can promote second secondary extrusion head (831) will extrude in the extrusion chamber (82) after do
Rubbish material is discharged；
Pressing mechanism is mutually perpendicular to the secondary extrusion mechanism；
Extrusion chamber (82) inwall and extrusion head (811) end and gate (841) are provided with wet refuse discharge through hole；
The extrusion chamber (82) front end coaxial with the secondary extrusion mechanism is provided with the siccative discharging opening (83), the siccative
The gate mechanism is provided with the extrusion chamber (82) before discharging opening (83)；
The lower end of the extrusion chamber (82) is provided with the wet feed discharging opening (84)；
Pressing mechanism, secondary extrusion mechanism and gate mechanism are connected with the Hydraulic Station and electric-control system respectively.
3. the house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion according to claim 2, it is characterised in that it is described once
Pressing mechanism includes：
Extrusion oil cylinder (822), an extrusion head (811) and two groups of insert-pull pins (813) as locking device；Its
In,
Extrusion head (811) rear end is connected with an extrusion oil cylinder (812), extrusion head (811) front end
It extend into the extrusion chamber (82)；
Two groups of insert-pull pins (13) are respectively provided at an extrusion head (811) both sides, can insert to secure the above and once squeeze
The position of pressure head (811)；
Extrusion oil cylinder (822) is connected with the Hydraulic Station and electric-control system.
4. the house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described secondary
Pressing mechanism includes：Secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822), the first secondary extrusion head (821), second secondary extrusion head (831) and
The discharge oil cylinder；Wherein,
First secondary extrusion head (821) rear end is connected with the secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822) contact；
First secondary extrusion head (821) and second secondary extrusion head (831) are Split type structure, are squeezed for described the first two times
Pressure head (821) and second secondary extrusion head (831) in coaxially arranged, the first secondary extrusion head (821) front end and institute
State the rear end connection of the second secondary extrusion head (831)；
The rear end of second secondary extrusion head (831) sets the discharge oil cylinder (832), second secondary extrusion head (831)
Front end be located in the extrusion chamber (82)；
The secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822) and discharge oil cylinder (832) are connected with the Hydraulic Station and electric-control system respectively；
The pressure limit that the secondary extrusion oil cylinder (822) produces in the extrusion chamber (82) is 0~80MPa；This is secondary crowded
The maximum thrust that compressing cylinder (822) is produced is that an extrusion oil cylinder (812) of a pressing mechanism produces the 3 of maximum thrust
~5 times.
5. the house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the gate
Mechanism includes：
Gate (841) and gate oil cylinder (842), the gate are located at the extrusion chamber (82) before the siccative discharging opening (83)
Interior, the gate (841) is connected perpendicular to the extrusion chamber (82), the gate (841) with the gate oil cylinder (842)；
The gate oil cylinder (842) is connected with the Hydraulic Station and electric-control system.
6. the house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion according to any one of claim 1 to 5, its feature exists
In the dry refuse classification subsystem includes：Plastic winnowing machine (11), the 5th belt conveyor (12), magnetic separator (13) and bullet
Jump separator (14)；Wherein,
The plastic winnowing machine (11) is provided with dry garbage inlet, plastic garbage outlet and non-plastic garbage outlet, the non-plastic
Garbage outlet is connected through the 5th belt conveyor (12) with the magnetic separator (13)；
The magnetic separator (13) is provided with metal garbage outlet and nonmetallic garbage outlet, the nonmetallic garbage outlet and the bullet
Jump separator (14) connection；
The bouncing sorter (14) is provided with building waste outlet and combustiblerefuse outlet.
7. the house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the magnetic separation
Machine uses across band magnetic separator.
8. the house refuse pretreatment system based on high-pressure extrusion according to any one of claim 1 to 5, its feature exists
In the bag breaking screening machine uses the sieve diameter of screen cloth for the drum-type screening machine of 150~200mm, and broken bag rate is more than 80%；
The stuff level switch for controlling the high-pressure extrusion machine start and stop is provided with the feed surge storehouse；
The conveying worm uses Shaftless screw conveyor.
9. a kind of house refuse preprocess method based on high-pressure extrusion, it is characterised in that use any one of claim 1 to 8
Described pretreatment system, comprises the following steps：
Step is 1.：Garbage grab bucket material grasping；Handled rubbish is captured with garbage grab bucket；
Step is 2.：Feed bin is kept in；The rubbish of garbage grab bucket crawl is put into feed bin and keeps in；
Step is 3.：Chain mat machine is fed；Through chain mat machine to the rubbish in the first belt conveyor conveying feed bin；
Step is 4.：First belt conveyor is conveyed；Through the first belt conveyor to bag breaking screening machine conveying garbage；
Step is 5.：Broken bag is sieved；Rubbish carries out broken bag screening into bag breaking screening machine (5), and broken bag object is with diameter greater than 150mm
Bagged garbage, broken bag rate be more than 80%；
Step is 6.：Screenings garbage belt conveyor is conveyed；By the screenings rubbish of bag breaking screening machine (5) through the second Belt Conveying
Machine (4) is delivered to feed surge storehouse (7)；
Step is 7.：High-pressure extrusion machine charging caching；The caching rubbish in feed surge storehouse (7), treats that rubbish reaches a certain amount of backward
High-pressure extrusion machine is conveyed；
Step is 8.：High-pressure extrusion machine separating dry space from moist space；Rubbish to entering carries out separating dry space from moist space in high-pressure extrusion mode, and defeated respectively
The dry, wet refuse gone out after separating, the dry msw water content after separation is less than 40%；
Step is 9.：The belt conveyor conveying of extruding siccative；The dry rubbish that high-pressure extrusion machine is exported is delivered to through the 4th conveyer
Dry refuse classification subsystem carries out sorting process；
Step is 10.：Oversize garbage belt conveyor is conveyed；By the oversize rubbish of bag breaking screening machine (5) through the 3rd Belt Conveying
Machine (4) is delivered to dry refuse classification subsystem and carries out sorting process；
Dry rubbish into dry refuse classification subsystem sub-elects plastic garbage, metal through selection by winnowing, magnetic separation, spring sorting successively
Exported after rubbish, building waste and combustiblerefuse；
The wet refuse of the high-pressure extrusion machine output is exported as organic waste through conveying worm.
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| CN108015099A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-05-11 | 湖北合加环境设备有限公司 | Kitchen waste preprocessing technology and system based on two-stage extrusion technique |
| CN108262333A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-10 | 湖北合加环境设备有限公司 | Kitchen waste preprocessing technology and system based on high-pressure extrusion technology |
| CN109092854A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-28 | 陈健 | Municipal refuse sorting and processing system |
| CN109489043A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-19 | 曲靖云能投新能源发电有限公司 | A kind of the rubbish fining pretreatment system and method for garbage incinerating power plant |
| CN110877468A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-13 | 苏州嘉诺环境工程有限公司 | Dry-wet separating device |
| WO2020057038A1 (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-26 | 北京环境工程技术有限公司 | Extrusion separation and purification device |
| CN111185306A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-22 | 羽源洋(宁波)科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly rotary type dry and wet garbage electrostatic separation device |
| CN113333444A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-03 | 上海恒霞环保设备有限公司 | Kitchen garbage crushing treatment system |
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| CN113333444A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-03 | 上海恒霞环保设备有限公司 | Kitchen garbage crushing treatment system |
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