CN106727816A - 一种治疗疤痕疙瘩膏药及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗疤痕疙瘩膏药及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种疤痕疙瘩膏药及其制备方法，疤痕疙瘩膏药按以下重量份配比的原料制备而成：五倍子 200‑220份、白芷50‑100份、白薇50‑100份、蜈蚣 2‑5 条、冰片 0.6‑1.2份、白花蛇1‑2条、肝素钠 0.1‑0.2份、松香500‑600份、植物油100‑200份、黄丹300‑400份、透皮渗透剂（氮酮）膏药量的0.5‑3%、陈醋 1100‑1500份、蜂蜜 430‑470份。其制备方法包括：备料分清主次，制做流浸膏，制做膏药基质，摊膏四个步骤。本发明利用祖国中医学传统经验和现代西药结合，基于现有技术，目的在于提供一种治疗疤痕疙瘩膏药，通过外治法，体表药物渗透到皮肤肌里，疏通经络，调合营卫，化瘀止血，达到治疗疾病的目的。由于它使用方便，易于掌握，成本较低，因而被广泛农村和城市人民乐于接受。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药制剂外用药领域，尤其涉及一种治疗疤痕疙瘩膏药及其制备方法。
背景技术
疤痕疙瘩被中医称为蟹足肿或巨痕症，是纤维瘤的一种。此病与体质有关，是由纤维结缔组织过度增生的产物，凡属疤痕体质者表皮若受到损伤，如创伤、烧烫伤、外伤、创伤、痤疮(青春痘)、打耳孔、打预防针、蚊虫叮咬等都可以形成不同程度的疤痕疙瘩和疤痕增生。疤痕疙瘩凸出皮肤表面呈瘤状增生，表面光滑，色红而发亮，常发现有扩张的毛细血管向外延伸。皮肤损坏至边缘向外伸出，蟹脚形变，感到奇痒或有刺痛灼热感。由于疼痛感敏锐，可能系神经末梢传导敏感或微神经瘤的形成，甚至衣服等轻轻触及即感疼痛，男女均可发生。疤痕疙瘩好发于胸、肩、颈、背与耳廓不但影响外观，而且局部疼痛、红痒疤痕收缩还影响功能运动，更会进一步影响四肢关节活动或五官之正常功能，这些疤痕更是非积极治疗不可。 本发明利用祖国中医学传统经验和现代西药结合，基于现有技术，目的在于提供一种治疗疤痕疙瘩膏药，通过外治法，体表药物渗透到皮肤肌里，疏通经络，调合营卫，化瘀止血，达到治疗疾病的目的。由于它使用方便，易于掌握，成本较低，因而被广泛农村和城市人民乐于接受。
发明内容
基于现有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗疤痕疙瘩膏药，并能清除疤痕，保持疗效持续性，治疗后期效果明显的去除疤痕。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种治疗疤痕疙瘩膏药，按以下重量份配比的药料制备而成：五倍子 200-220份、白芷50-100份、白薇50-100份、蜈蚣 2-5条、冰片 0.6-1.2份、白花蛇1-2条、肝素钠 0.1-0.2份、松香500-600份、植物油100-200份、黄丹300-400份、透皮渗透剂（氮酮）膏药量的0.5-3%、陈醋 1100-1500份、蜂蜜 430-470份。
进一步的，一种疤痕疙瘩膏药，按以下重量份配比的药料制备而成：五倍子 210份、蜈蚣 4 条（研粉）、冰片 0.8份、白花蛇1 条（研粉）、肝素钠 0.1份、松香550份、植物油150份、黄丹350份、透皮渗透剂（氮酮）0.5-3%、陈醋 1300份、蜂蜜 450份。
一种上述治疗疤痕疙瘩的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）备料：将药材分成两部分A五倍子、白芷、白薇焙干酌予碎断，过筛（40-60目）；B蜈蚣、冰片、白花蛇、肝素钠，烘干，粉碎，混匀，过筛（120目以上）；
（2）制做流浸膏：将药料A浸入陈醋内120分钟后加热，煎沸后，继续再煎 60分钟后，过滤，去除药渣，把蜂蜜兑入滤液内溶化，文火熬制成流浸膏，备用；
（3）制作膏药基质：将植物油、松香加热沸腾炼制成老嫩合适、滴水（水温30度）成珠不分散为度，炼油时油温最高可达320度，稍放冷，下丹，将炼好的油在火上加热，边过筛边下丹，丹下完后，必须掌握仍能加热熬炼的程度，并随时检验，才能使基质的老、嫩合适。下丹撒布要匀，并不停的顺一个方向搅拌，以防沉聚锅底。下丹的速度太快而易溢锅，且基质的质地不匀；太慢时，又不易掌握其老嫩。如在下丹过程中着火，应暂时停止下丹，待熄灭后再下。下完丹后要及时观察其颜色，当视其变成深灰色或黑色时应立即做老、嫩检验，滴水（30℃）成柱，软而不粘，拉而不断。合格的膏药基质软化点 55—68 度。下丹成膏后离火，去火毒，用冷水喷洒锅中，即有黑烟冒出，反复多次，待稍冷时以细流倾入盛有较多冷水的水池或水盆中，并同时以木棒顺时针方向搅动，使其随水旋成带状。待冷却后，将其拧成适当小坨，浸于冷水内 7—10 天，每日换水 1—2 次；
（4）将膏药基质文火熔化后离火，冷却到70度，在不断搅拌下缓缓加入流浸膏，完全搅拌均匀后，继续以文火加热使水气去尽，再离火冷却到70度时加入B和透皮渗透剂，搅拌均匀后即可进行摊膏。上述药料可制成每贴重 45g，做好的膏药装袋置于阴凉处保存。
进一步的，上述步骤（3）中的植物油为芝麻香油或色拉油。
本发明能破瘀软坚，提高疤痕面皮肤细胞的新陈代谢，阻止疤痕增生的发展和恶化，对硬化性肥厚性疼痛疤痕组织起到软化、使之变平的作用；本发明对皮肤无刺激，无毒副作用，化瘀消肿，减少疤痕增生,止痛生肌，调整了血液循环，加快了新陈代谢，促进对细胞组织的修复,同时达到养护和疏通经络的目的， 既绿色健康又解决了一般药物治标不治本的问题。 本发明利用了中药精华，将药效由表及里，深层次处理病灶，标本兼治，重点突出，全面合理，且换药简单,方便病人的使用,制备工艺简单，原材料来源广泛,治疗成本低。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明,实施例仅用来说明本发明， 并不限制本发明的范围：
实施例1：一种疤痕疙瘩膏药，按以下重量份配比的药料制备而成：五倍子 210份、蜈蚣4 条（研粉）、冰片 0.8份、白花蛇1 条（研粉）、肝素钠 0.1份、松香550份、麻油150份、黄丹350份、透皮渗透剂（氮酮）0.8%；
（1）药材分成两部分：A五倍子、白芷、白薇焙干酌予碎断；B蜈蚣 、白花蛇、肝素钠，烘干，粉碎，混匀，过筛（120目以上）；C冰片单独粉碎过筛（120目以上）；
（2）炼油、制作膏药基质：将麻油、松香加温至40-80度时，入药料A煎熬，至药物外表呈深褐色，内部较黄色为度，油温约在200-250度左右时，离火降温过滤，去除药渣，然后将药油复入锅，先小火后大火不停的搅动。此过程是熬制膏药的一个关键，因熬油适中与否决定膏药的质量。如油熬的不到火候则膏药质量较松，贴着后，受热流动不能固着患部，如熬油大过，不但出膏少，更主要的是使膏药质硬，贴着力小，易于脱落或成废品，熬油恰到好处的标志是滴水成珠不分散为度。滴水（水温30度）成珠后，立即将锅离火，等油降至200-250度左右时，下黄丹并不停的顺一个方向搅动，一般约为5-10分钟。下丹后约3-5分钟做老嫩试验，到位后离火降温，然后将膏药倾入备好冷水中，浸泡3-7天，每日换水1-2次去火毒；
（3）摊膏时，将膏药基质文火熔化后离火，冷却降温到70度，在不断搅拌下缓缓加入药粉B和透皮渗透剂，搅拌均匀，继续降温至40度时加冰片搅拌均匀，即可进行摊贴和收藏。
实施例2：一种疤痕疙瘩膏药，按以下重量份配比的药料制备而成：五倍子 200份、蜈蚣 4 条（研粉）、冰片 0.8份、白花蛇1 条（研粉）、肝素钠 0.1份、陈醋 1300份、蜂蜜 450份、松香550份、色拉油100份、黄丹300份、透皮渗透剂（氮酮）1%；
（1）药材分成两部分：A五倍子、白芷、白薇焙干酌予碎断；B蜈蚣 、白花蛇、肝素钠，烘干，粉碎，混匀，过筛（120目以上）；C冰片单独粉碎过筛（120目以上）；
（2）制做流浸膏：将药料A浸入陈醋内120分钟后加热，煎沸后，继续再煎 60分钟后，过滤，去除药渣，把蜂蜜兑入滤液内溶化，文火熬制成流浸膏，备用；
（3）炼油、制作膏药基质：将植物油、松香加热沸腾炼制成老嫩合适、滴水（水温30度）成珠不分散为度，炼油时油温最高可达320度，稍放冷，下丹，将炼好的油在火上加热，边过筛边下丹，丹下完后，及时观察其颜色，当视其变成深灰色或黑色时应立即做老、嫩检验，滴水（30℃）成柱，软而不粘，拉而不断。合格的膏药基质软化点 55—68 度。下丹成膏后离火，去火毒，待冷却后，将其拧成适当小坨，浸于冷水内 3—7 天，每日换水 1—2 次；
（4）摊膏时将膏药基质文火熔化后离火，冷却到70度，在不断搅拌下缓缓加入流浸膏，完全搅拌均匀后，继续以文火加热使水气去尽，再离火冷却到70度时加入B和透皮渗透剂，继续冷却至40度，加入冰片，搅拌均匀后即可进行摊膏。
实施例3：本实施例的一种疤痕疙瘩膏药，由按以下重量份配比的药料制备而成：五倍子 210份、蜈蚣 3 条（研粉）、冰片 0.8份、白花蛇1 条（研粉）、肝素钠 0.1份、松香750份、麻油150份、黄丹90份、透皮渗透剂（氮酮）2%。并按照下述的方法制成疤痕疙瘩膏：
（1）药材分成两部分：A五倍子、白芷、白薇焙干酌予碎断；B蜈蚣 、白花蛇、肝素钠，烘干，粉碎，混匀，过筛（120目以上）；C冰片单独粉碎；
（2）炼油、制作膏药基质：将麻油、松香加温至40-80度时，入药料A煎熬，至药物外表呈深褐色，内部较黄色为度，油温约在200-250度左右时，离火降温过滤，去除药渣，然后将药油复入锅，先小火后大火不停的搅动。炼油至滴水（水温30度）成珠后，立即将锅离火，等油降至200-250度左右时，下黄丹并不停的顺一个方向搅动，一般约为5-10分钟。下丹后约3-5分钟做老嫩试验，到位后离火降温，然后将膏药倾入备好冷水中，浸泡3-7天，每日换水1-2次去火毒；
（3）摊膏时，将膏药基质文火熔化后离火，冷却降温到70度，在不断搅拌下缓缓加入药粉B和透皮渗透剂，搅拌均匀，继续降温至40度时加冰片搅拌均匀，即可进行摊贴和收藏。
本发明的一种疤痕疙瘩中主要原材料的作用：
五倍子：敛汗，止血，收湿敛疮。用于便血痔血，外伤出血，痈肿疮毒，皮肤湿烂；
蜈蚣：息风镇痉，通络止痛，攻毒散结。用于疮疡，瘰疬，蛇虫咬伤；
冰片：开窍醒神，清热止痛。用于热病神昏，目赤，口疮，咽喉肿痛，耳道流脓；
白花蛇：主治中风及肢体麻木不仁、筋脉拘急、口眼歪斜、半身不遂、骨节疼痛、脚软不能长久站立。瘙痒及疥癣。又能治瘾疹、身上自癜风、疠疡斑点。李时珍说：风善行数变，蛇亦善行数蜕，又食石南藤，所以能透骨搜风，截惊定搐，为风痹惊、瘀癣恶疮之要药；
白芷：解表散寒，祛风止痛，宜通鼻窍，燥湿止带，消肿排脓，用于感冒头痛，牙痛，带下，疮疡肿痛；
白蔹：清热解毒，清痈散结，敛疮生肌。用于痈疽发背，疔疮，瘰疠，烧烫伤；
肝素钠：是粘多糖硫酸酯类抗凝血药。近年来研究证明肝素钠还有降血脂作用。治疗各种疾病并发的早期播散性血管内凝血；
陈醋：散瘀消积；止血；安蛔；解毒。症瘕积聚；吐血；衄血；便血；虫积腹痛；鱼肉菜毒；痈肿疮毒。治痃癖癥瘕，吐血，衄血，大便下血，阴部瘙痒，痈疽疮肿，解鱼肉菜毒；
蜂蜜：补中，润燥，止痛，解毒；外用生肌敛疮，水火烫伤；
黄丹：外用：拔毒生肌，杀虫止痒；攻毒截疟。用于痈疽疮疡，湿疹癣疮，惊痫癫狂，疟疾。能直接杀灭细菌寄生虫，有制止粘液分泌的作用；
芝麻油：祛斑滋润皮肤，容易被人体分解吸收和利用，以促进胆固醇的代谢；
松香：祛风燥湿；排脓拔毒；生肌止痛。主痈疽恶疮；瘰疬；瘘症；疥癣；白秃；疠风；痹症；金疮；扭伤；妇女白带；血栓闭塞性脉管炎。适用于痈疖疮疡，湿疹，外伤出血，烧烫伤。
以上各原料在发挥各自单一作用的同时，共奏清热解毒、凉血消肿、抗菌、排脓拔毒、生肌止痛之功。能有效修复疤痕、促进皮肤再生；该中药膏剂还可用于治疗痘痘；另外，用本中药膏剂涂抹在正常皮肤上，可使肌肤变得细腻光滑、有弹性。
本发明的疤痕疙瘩膏药使用方法：疤痕面积较大时，取用无菌白棉布一块，将按照上述步骤，将制得的中药膏药均匀平摊于棉布上，涂于斑痕及边缘，厚度 2-3 毫米，3 天换药 1 次，换药前清洗掉残留物，3个月一疗程，一般需两个疗程，即连续治疗半年，不能间断。按上述操作制作，换药不要提前。疤痕面积较小时，可制成贴膏使用。
本方治疗后，皮肤逐层脱落长平完全治愈，对斑痕疙瘩治疗有效率100%。
主治功用：破瘀软坚，凉血消肿、抗菌、排脓拔毒、生肌止痛。对硬化性肥厚性疼痛疤痕组织、疤痕疙瘩软化，使之变平的作用。
为表明本发明疤痕疙瘩膏药的治疗效果，特提供临床典型病历：
例 1 ：刘某，女，63岁,胸部蟹型顽固疤痕疙瘩，面积较大，多年治疗未愈，凸出皮肤表面，质硬色红，一旦温度变化就会感到疼痛刺痒，到我处治疗，敷药膏患处，十五天后疤痕平复，症状得到控制，两个疗程后康复。
例 2 ：王某，女，28岁，由于洗浴不慎，胸部感染形成疤痕，因无痛痒未有治疗，疤痕开始增生，凸起皮肤表面，色泽鲜红，天气变化时有时痒，有刺痛感。到我处治疗，敷药膏于痛处，五天后疼痛感消失，一个疗程后康复。
例 3：某女，55岁，背部、肩部出汗感染形成多个疤痕疙瘩，多年未愈并不断增加，凸出皮肤表面，气候变化感到刺痒，到我处治疗，敷药膏患处， 十天后疤痕疙瘩症状得到控制，两个疗程后康复。
Claims (4)
1.本发明为一种治疗疤痕疙瘩膏药，其特征是按以下重量份配比的药料制备而成：五倍子 200-220份、白芷50-100份、白薇50-100份、蜈蚣 2-5 条、冰片 0.6-1.2份、白花蛇1-2条、肝素钠 0.1-0.2份、松香500-600份、植物油100-200份、黄丹300-400份、透皮渗透剂（氮酮）膏药量的0.5-3%、陈醋 1100-1500份、蜂蜜 430-470份。
2.根据权利1所述一种疤痕疙瘩膏药，按以下重量份配比的药料制备而成：五倍子 210份、蜈蚣 4 条（研粉）、冰片 0.8份、白花蛇1 条（研粉）、肝素钠 0.1份、松香550份、植物油150份、黄丹350份、透皮渗透剂（氮酮）0.5-3%、陈醋 1300份、蜂蜜 450份。
3.一种上述治疗疤痕疙瘩的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）备料：将药材分成两部分A五倍子、白芷、白薇焙干酌予碎断；B蜈蚣 、冰片、白花蛇、肝素钠，烘干，粉碎，混匀，过筛（120目以上）；
（2）制做流浸膏：将药料A浸入陈醋内120分钟后加热，煎沸后，继续再煎 60分钟后，过滤，去除药渣，把蜂蜜兑入滤液内溶化，文火熬制成流浸膏，备用；
（3）制作膏药基质：将植物油、松香加热沸腾炼制成老嫩合适、滴水（水温30度）成珠不分散为度，稍放冷，下丹，下完丹后及时观察其颜色，当视其变成深灰色或黑色时应立即做老、嫩检验，滴水（30℃）成柱，软而不粘，拉而不断， 合格的膏药基质软化点 55—68 度；下丹成膏后离火，去火毒，用冷水喷洒锅中，即有黑烟冒出，反复多次，待稍冷时以细流倾入盛有较多冷水的水池或水盆中，并同时以木棒顺时针方向搅动，使其随水旋成带状；待冷却后，将其拧成适当小坨，浸于冷水内 7—10 天，每日换水 1—2 次；
（4）将膏药基质文火熔化后离火，冷却到70度，在不断搅拌下缓缓加入流浸膏，完全搅拌均匀后，继续以文火加热使水气去尽，再离火冷却到70度时加入B和透皮渗透剂，搅拌均匀后即可。
4.上述步骤3中的植物油为麻油或色拉油。
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