CN106723333B - Electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106723333B
CN106723333B CN201611097429.2A CN201611097429A CN106723333B CN 106723333 B CN106723333 B CN 106723333B CN 201611097429 A CN201611097429 A CN 201611097429A CN 106723333 B CN106723333 B CN 106723333B
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melt
electret
blown
fiber
superfine
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CN106723333A (en
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邹汉涛
王冰
张荣波
左丹英
易长海
周阳
韦炜
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Wuhan Textile University
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Wuhan Textile University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24DCIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0229Filter rod forming processes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10Other agents for modifying properties
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/46Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/92Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material is melt-blown superfine fiber with the diameter of 1-5 mu m; the superfine fiber is prepared from 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret master batch; the melt-blown superfine fiber is subjected to electret treatment; the thermoplastic material is any one of PP, PET, PA, PLA or PE. The invention improves the conventional melt-blowing method, changes the traditional one-time cloth forming into the preparation of the superfine fiber bundle with the diameter of 1-5 mu m, has uniform fiber fineness, and can avoid the environmental pollution problem in the production of acetate fiber. The invention carries out electret treatment on the superfine fiber, the treated fiber has lasting static electricity, the charge retention rate can reach more than 2 years, the fiber can collect particle dust by means of the static effect, and the fiber has the advantages of high filtration efficiency, low filtration resistance and the like.

Description

Electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cigarette filter tip materials and the field of nonwovens, in particular to an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cigarette smoke contains particulates, commonly referred to as tar. Tar contains a large number of chemical components, 4000 to 5000 being products of incomplete combustion of tobacco. The cigarette filter is used for filtering substances harmful to human bodies, such as tar in tobacco. The present common cigarette filter tip material is acetate fiber cigarette filter tip, and the acetate fiber is produced through wet spinning, and has long production process, harmful solvent and three-waste pollution. In addition, the effect of the cellulose acetate fiber in filtering harmful carcinogenic substances (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and aldehyde substances) in the cigarette mainstream smoke is not very ideal, and only about 40% of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon substances are removed.
The cigarette filter can filter smoke components to reduce the inhalation amount of tar and nicotine. However, after the cigarette is provided with the cigarette filter, the suction resistance is greatly increased, and the more toxic substances are. Such as carbon monoxide and benzopyrene, are generated by incomplete combustion of organic substances contained in tobacco during smoking, and the larger the resistance is, the less sufficient the oxygen supply is, the more incomplete the combustion is, and the more toxic substances are generated. The finer the fiber, the better the filtration performance. The three main functions of cigarette filters include direct interception, inertial compaction and diffusion precipitation, the most common being direct interception of cigarette filters. Filtration is a complex process, i.e. droplets of tar separate from the smoke and adhere to the surface of the cigarette filter material when they reach it. The thinner the fiber is, the higher the filtering efficiency of the cigarette filter, and the diameter of the acetate fiber used by the conventional filter is 7-20 μm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and a preparation method and a preparation device thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the filter efficiency of a cigarette filter material in the prior art is not high.
An electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material is melt-blown superfine fiber with the diameter of 1-5 mu m.
Furthermore, the melt-blown superfine fiber is prepared from 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret master batch.
Furthermore, the melt-blown superfine fiber is subjected to electret treatment.
A preparation method of an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, uniformly mixing 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret master batch to obtain a mixture;
s2, preparing the melt-blown superfine fiber by the melt-blown device by using the mixture;
s3, cooling and bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers sprayed by the melt-blowing device by the cooling and bundling device;
and step S4, the collecting device processes and collects the melt-blown superfine fibers to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material.
Further, the cooling bundling device of the step S3 includes a cold air box and a curtain net receiving device; the step S3 specifically includes: the cold air box cools the melt-blown superfine fibers, the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers sequentially fall on a curtain receiving device which is driven along the width direction of a melt-blown die head in a melt-blown device, and the curtain receiving device bundles the melt-blown superfine fibers to obtain superfine fiber bundles.
Further, the cooling bundling device of the step S3 includes a cold air box and a first bundling device; the step S3 specifically includes: the cold air box cools the melt-blown superfine fibers sprayed by the melt-blowing device, and the first bundling device bundles the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers; and the width of the first bundling device along the width direction is not less than the width of a melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device along the width direction.
Furthermore, the melt-blown superfine fibers are cooled and converged by a cooling and bundling device, and are subjected to electret treatment by an electret treatment device.
Furthermore, the electret voltage of the electret processing device is 5-20kV, the electret interval is 20-60mm, and the electret time is 5-10 s.
Further, the thermoplastic material of step S1 is any one of PP, PET, PA, PLA or PE.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the thinner the fiber is, the higher the filtering efficiency of the cigarette filter, the diameter of acetate fiber used by the conventional filter is 7-20 μm, the conventional melt-blowing method cannot prepare fiber bundles, and only fiber non-woven fabric can be prepared. Meanwhile, the curtain net is changed from the movement perpendicular to the width direction of the fiber net of the traditional non-woven fabric preparation into the movement along the width direction of the fiber net, so that the superfine fiber bundle with the diameter of 1-5 mu m can be directly prepared, the uniform change of the fineness is small, the filtering effect is high, and the problem of environmental pollution in the production of acetate fibers can be avoided. The invention carries out electret treatment on the melt-blown superfine fiber, and the melt-blown superfine fiber can be charged by the specific electret treatment, so that the electrostatic adsorption performance of the material is improved under the condition of not increasing the breathing resistance of the material, meanwhile, the charge retention rate can reach more than 2 years, the material can be paved into particle dust by virtue of the electrostatic effect, and the filter has the advantages of high filtration efficiency, low filtration resistance and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a manufacturing apparatus in a first embodiment of a cooling cluster tool;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a manufacturing apparatus in a second embodiment of a cooling cluster tool.
In the drawings, the reference numerals designate the following parts:
1. a melt-blowing device; 2. a cold air box; 3. a screen receiving device; 4. a first bundling device; 5. a collection device; 6. melt-blowing ultrafine fibers; 7. an electret processing device; 8. a fiber channel; 9. an oil tanker; 10. second bundling device
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
An electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material is melt-blown superfine fiber with the diameter of 1-5 mu m.
The melt-blown superfine fiber is prepared from 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret master batch.
The melt-blown superfine fiber is subjected to electret treatment.
A preparation method of an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, uniformly mixing 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret master batch to obtain a mixture;
step S2, the melt-blowing device 1 utilizes the mixture to prepare melt-blown superfine fiber 6;
step S3, the cooling and bundling device cools and bundles the melt-blown superfine fiber 6 sprayed by the melt-blowing device 1;
and step S4, the collecting device 5 processes and collects the melt-blown superfine fibers 6 to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material.
In the first embodiment of the cooling bundling apparatus, the cooling bundling apparatus of step S3 includes a cold air box 2 and a curtain receiving apparatus 3; the step S3 specifically includes: the cold air box 3 cools the melt-blown superfine fibers 6, and the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers 6 sequentially fall on the curtain receiving device 3 which is driven along the width direction of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device 1, so that superfine fiber bundles are obtained by bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers 6.
And after being collected by the curtain net receiving device 3, the melt-blown superfine fibers 6 are subjected to electret treatment by the electret treatment device 7, further collected by the second collecting device 10 and then enter the collecting device 5.
In the second embodiment of the cooling bundling apparatus, the cooling bundling apparatus in step S3 includes a cold air box 2 and a first bundling apparatus 4; the step S3 specifically includes: the cold air box cools the melt-blown superfine fibers 6 sprayed by the melt-blowing device 1, and the first bundling device 4 bundles the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers 6; and the width of the first bundling device 4 along the width direction is not less than the width of the melt-blowing die head in the melt-blowing device 1 along the width direction.
And after being collected by the first collecting device 4, the melt-blown superfine fibers 6 are subjected to electret treatment by the electret treatment device 7 and then enter the collecting device 5.
The electret voltage of the electret processing device is 5-20kV, the electret interval is 20-60mm, and the electret time is 5-10 s.
The thermoplastic material of step S1 is any one of PP, PET, PA, PLA or PE.
The collecting device 5 is a cutting machine, after the oil tanker 9 oils the melt-blown superfine fiber 6, the guide wire device guides the melt-blown superfine fiber into the cutting machine, and the cutting machine cuts the melt-blown superfine fiber 6 into uniform small sections to be used as electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip materials.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the device for preparing the electret microfiber filter material for cigarettes comprises a melt-blowing device 1, a cooling bundling device, an electret treating device and a collecting device;
the melt-blowing device 1 is used for preparing melt-blown superfine fibers 6 and conveying the melt-blown superfine fibers 6 to a cooling bundling device;
the cooling and bundling device is arranged below the melt-blowing device 1 and is used for cooling and bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers 6 sprayed by the melt-blowing device 1 to obtain superfine fiber bundles;
the electret processing device is used for carrying out electret processing on the superfine fiber bundles;
the collecting device is used for processing and collecting the superfine fiber bundles to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material.
Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a cooling cluster device, which comprises a cold air box 2 and a curtain receiving device 3;
the cold air box 2 is arranged below a melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device 1 and used for cooling melt-blown superfine fibers 6 sprayed by the melt-blown device 1, and the curtain net receiving device 3 is arranged below the cold air box 2 and used for bundling the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers 6; the curtain net receiving device 3 is driven from one end far away from the electret treating device 7 to one end close to the electret treating device 7 along the width direction of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device 1.
A suction device is arranged in the curtain net receiving device 3 and is used for sucking the melt-blown superfine fibers 6 onto the upper surface of the curtain net receiving device 3.
In the first embodiment of the cooling and bundling device, a second bundling device 10 is further disposed between the electret treating device and the collecting device 5 for further bundling the microfiber bundle.
Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a cooling cluster device, which includes a cold air box 2 and a first cluster device 4; the cold air box 2 is arranged below a melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device 1 and used for cooling melt-blown superfine fibers 6 sprayed by the melt-blown device 1, and the first bundling device 4 is arranged below the cold air box 2 and used for bundling the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers 6 to obtain superfine fiber bundles; the superfine fiber bundle is conveyed to an electret processing device 7 through a fiber channel 8, and the superfine fiber enters a collecting device for cutting and collecting after being processed by the electret. The fiber channel 8 is used for supporting and guiding the fiber bundle and can be in the form of a supporting plate and the like. The width of the first bundling device 4 along the width direction is not less than the width of the melt-blowing die head in the melt-blowing device 1 along the width direction, so that all the superfine fibers sprayed by the melt-blowing device can enter the bundling device 4 for bundling.
The first bundling device 4 and the second bundling device 10 can both adopt horn-mouth bundling devices. The second bundling device 10, the thread guiding device and the cutting machine can be fixed by means of a bracket or the like.
Example 1
A preparation method of an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material comprises the following steps:
step S1, uniformly mixing 96 parts by weight of polypropylene granules and 4 parts by weight of electret master batch to obtain a mixture;
s2, setting the temperatures of four areas of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material preparation device to be 260 ℃, 260 ℃, 270 ℃ and 270 ℃, respectively, feeding the mixture obtained in the step S1 into a storage bin of a screw extruder, and forming a melt through the screw melting extruder;
step S3, ejecting the melt through a spinneret plate after passing through a metering pump, drafting the melt at 220 ℃ and under 0.4MPa hot air to obtain melt-blown superfine fibers, and bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers by using a curtain collecting device or a bundling device after cooling;
step S4, performing electret treatment on the melt-blown superfine fibers obtained in the step S3 in a high-voltage corona discharge mode, wherein the electret voltage is 10kV, the electret interval is 30mm, and the electret time is 10S;
and step S5, bundling, gluing, forming and cutting the melt-blown superfine fibers after electret treatment in sequence to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material.
The average diameter of the superfine fiber of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material prepared by the embodiment can reach 2 mu m, and the filtering efficiency reaches 95 percent.
Example 2
Step S1, uniformly mixing 95 parts by weight of polypropylene granules and 5 parts by weight of electret master batch to obtain a mixture;
s2, setting the temperatures of four areas of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material preparation device to be 260 ℃, 260 ℃, 270 ℃ and 270 ℃, respectively, feeding the mixture obtained in the step S1 into a storage bin of a screw extruder, and forming a melt through the screw melting extruder;
step S3, ejecting the melt through a spinneret plate after passing through a metering pump, drafting the melt at 220 ℃ and under 0.4MPa hot air to obtain melt-blown superfine fibers, and bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers by using a curtain collecting device or a bundling device after cooling;
step S4, performing electret treatment on the superfine fibers obtained in the step S3 in a high-voltage corona discharge mode, wherein the electret voltage is 20kV, the electret interval is 20mm, and the electret time is 10S;
and step S5, bundling, gluing, forming and cutting the superfine fibers subjected to melt-blown electret treatment in sequence to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material.
The electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material prepared by the embodiment has the average diameter of superfine fibers of 2 mu m, and the filtering efficiency can reach 98 percent.
Example 3
Step S1, uniformly mixing 96 parts by weight of PET granules and 4 parts by weight of electret master batch to obtain a mixture;
step S2, putting the mixture into a boiling type pre-crystallizer, pre-crystallizing for 2 hours at 120 ℃, then putting into a filling dryer, and drying for 8 hours at 180 ℃;
step S3, setting the four areas of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material preparation device to be at the temperatures of 270 ℃, 270 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃, respectively, feeding the mixture processed in the step S2 into a storage bin of a screw extruder, and forming a melt through the screw extruder;
step S4, ejecting the melt through a spinneret plate after passing through a metering pump, drafting the melt at 220 ℃ and under 0.4MPa hot air to obtain melt-blown superfine fibers, and bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers by using a curtain collecting device or a bundling device after cooling;
step S5, performing electret treatment on the superfine fibers obtained in the step S4 in a high-voltage corona discharge mode, wherein the electret voltage is 10kV, the electret interval is 30mm, and the electret time is 10S;
and step S6, bundling, gluing, forming and cutting the melt-blown superfine fibers after electret treatment in sequence to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material.
The electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material prepared by the embodiment has the average diameter of superfine fibers of 2.5 mu m and the filtering efficiency of 92 percent.
Example 4
Step S1, uniformly mixing 95 parts by weight of PET granules and 5 parts by weight of electret master batch to obtain a mixture;
step S2, putting the mixture into a boiling type pre-crystallizer, pre-crystallizing for 2 hours at 120 ℃, then putting into a filling dryer, and drying for 8 hours at 180 ℃;
step S3, setting the four areas of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material preparation device to be at the temperatures of 270 ℃, 270 ℃, 280 ℃ and 285 ℃, respectively, feeding the mixture processed in the step S2 into a storage bin of a screw extruder, and forming a melt through the screw extruder;
step S4, ejecting the melt through a spinneret plate after passing through a metering pump, drafting the melt at 220 ℃ and under 0.4MPa hot air to obtain melt-blown superfine fibers, and bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers by using a curtain collecting device or a bundling device after cooling;
step S5, performing electret treatment on the superfine fibers obtained in the step S4 in a high-voltage corona discharge mode, wherein the electret voltage is 20kV, the electret interval is 20mm, and the electret time is 10S;
and step S6, bundling, gluing, forming and cutting the melt-blown superfine fibers after electret treatment in sequence to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material.
The electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material prepared by the embodiment has the average diameter of superfine fibers of 2.5 mu m and the filtering efficiency of 94 percent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of an electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, uniformly mixing 94-99 parts by weight of thermoplastic material and 1-6 parts by weight of electret master batch to obtain a mixture;
s2, preparing the melt-blown superfine fiber (6) by the melt-blowing device (1) by using the mixture;
s3, cooling and bundling the melt-blown superfine fibers (6) sprayed by the melt-blowing device (1) by the cooling and bundling device;
the cooling bundling device in the step S3 comprises a cold air box (2) and a curtain net receiving device (3); the step S3 specifically includes: the cold air box (2) cools the melt-blown superfine fibers (6), the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers (6) sequentially fall on a curtain receiving device (3) which is driven along the width direction of a melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device (1), and the curtain receiving device (3) bunches the melt-blown superfine fibers (6) to obtain superfine fiber bundles;
and S4, processing and collecting the melt-blown superfine fibers (6) by the collecting device (5) to obtain the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material.
2. The method for preparing electret microfiber cigarette filter material according to claim 1, wherein the cooling bundling device of step S3 comprises a cold air box (2) and a first bundling device (4); the step S3 specifically includes: the cold air box cools the melt-blown superfine fibers (6) sprayed by the melt-blowing device (1), and the first bundling device (4) bundles the cooled melt-blown superfine fibers (6); and the width of the first bundling device (4) along the width direction is not less than the width of the melt-blown die head in the melt-blown device (1) along the width direction.
3. The preparation method of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material according to claim 1, wherein the melt-blown superfine fiber (6) is cooled and converged by a cooling and bundling device, and is subjected to electret treatment by an electret treatment device (4).
4. The preparation method of the electret superfine fiber cigarette filter material according to claim 3, wherein the electret voltage of the electret treatment device (4) is 5-20kV, the electret interval is 20-60mm, and the electret time is 5-10 s.
5. The method for preparing electret microfiber cigarette filter material according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic material of step S1 is any one of PP, PET, PA, PLA or PE.
6. An electret ultrafine fiber cigarette filter material characterized by being made of a melt-blown ultrafine fiber bundle prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the melt-blown ultrafine fibers in the melt-blown ultrafine fiber bundle have a diameter of 1 to 5 μm.
CN201611097429.2A 2016-12-02 2016-12-02 Electret superfine fiber cigarette filter tip material and preparation method thereof Active CN106723333B (en)

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CN110477450B (en) * 2019-08-28 2023-07-11 深圳市智叶科技有限公司 Filter tip for electronic cigarette and preparation method thereof

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