CN106721654A - A kind of apostichopus japonicus culture preparation and its application of symphysis unit additive - Google Patents

A kind of apostichopus japonicus culture preparation and its application of symphysis unit additive Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106721654A
CN106721654A CN201611185379.3A CN201611185379A CN106721654A CN 106721654 A CN106721654 A CN 106721654A CN 201611185379 A CN201611185379 A CN 201611185379A CN 106721654 A CN106721654 A CN 106721654A
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Prior art keywords
symphysis unit
unit additive
prebiotics
mixed
kinds
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CN201611185379.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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徐永平
李淑英
王熙涛
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SAIMU BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd DALIAN
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SAIMU BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd DALIAN
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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of apostichopus japonicus culture preparation and its application of symphysis unit additive, wherein probiotic group is into including:Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum;Prebiotics composition includes:Brown alga oligose, inulin;Other auxiliary materials include:Bacteria protectant, mineral carrier.Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned symphysis unit additive, above-mentioned probiotics bacterial liquid is taken, after adding prebiotics, bacteria protectant, mixed with mineral carrier;Obtained mixture vacuum freeze drying, is made freeze-dried powder, as apostichopus japonicus culture symphysis unit additive.Present invention also offers application of the above-mentioned symphysis unit additive in apostichopus japonicus culture.Efficiently scientific compatibility probiotics and prebiotics of the invention, make the two act synergistically, and play " 1+1>2 " effect, the dual prebiotic effect of probiotics and prebiotics can be simultaneously played using symphysis unit additive of the present invention, significantly improve the growth performance and nonspecific immune response of stichopus japonicus, advantageously promote animal health growth.

Description

A kind of apostichopus japonicus culture preparation and its application of symphysis unit additive
Technical field
The present invention relates to application of the apostichopus japonicus culture with the method for production of symphysis unit additive and its in apostichopus japonicus culture.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus is best one kind of quality in Chinese more than 20 kinds of edible sea cucumber, is ranked first of marine products eight delicacies, with high Nutritive value and economic worth.It is near that the development of apostichopus japonicus culture industry is swift and violent during the last ten years, national stichopus japonicus yield in 2013 more than 13 × 104Ton, the output value breaks through 30,000,000,000 yuan, the highest in the aquaculture industry single output value and profit, its development speed and mixed economy Benefit be all other economic aquatic products kinds it is incomparable.As stichopus japonicus industry changes to the intensive mode of high density, stichopus japonicus The health and disease problem of cultivation are increasingly highlighted, and the disease such as skin ulcer syndrome takes place frequently, and causes production performance to reduce, and seriously constrains Stichopus japonicus industry health and sustainable development.Although preventing and treating aquatic animal disease using antibiotic and chemicals has certain effect Really, but bacterium can be caused normal flora in the resistance to the action of a drug, medicament residue and destruction animal and environment occur and many drawbacks such as to balance. As modern aquaculture industry progressively develops to green, environmentally friendly and nuisanceless direction, the natural green such as probiotics and prebiotics is raised Feed additives are because that can be place with being balanced beneficial to enteron aisle and water body Tiny ecosystem group system, promoting growth of animal and enhancing immune response Master tape carrys out many benefits, and green safety, pollution-free, is increasingly becoming the focus of aquaculture field research.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to efficient scientific compatibility probiotics and prebiotics, so as to significantly improve the growth performance of stichopus japonicus And nonspecific immune response, to ensure the health sustainable development of stichopus japonicus industry.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of apostichopus japonicus culture symphysis unit additive, the additive is included Compound probiotic and prebiotics source with various biological activity, through scientific compatibility, the symphysis unit additive prepared is can Promote the compound symphysis unit additive of its growth and strengthen immunity for apostichopus japonicus culture;
The composition of above-mentioned symphysis unit additive includes:
Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, brown alga oligose, inulin, bacteria protectant, mineral Matter carrier;
The ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide and inulin is 1 in the prebiotics:3;
The bacteria protectant is skimmed milk power, glycerine, sucrose or gelatin;It is preferred that skimmed milk power;
The mineral carrier is zeolite powder.
Under preferred embodiment, the symphysis unit additive the ratio of each component is:
Concentration is respectively greater than equal to 1 × 1010The bacillus licheniformis of CFU/mL, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum Added in bacterium solution and account for the prebiotics of the bacterium solution quality 5~8%, account for after the bacteria protectant of the bacterium solution quality 5~10% To solution compare 1 by volume mass with the mineral carrier:0.25ml/g mixes, and freezes.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned symphysis unit additive, comprise the following steps that:
S1, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum bacterium solution are taken, add prebiotics, thalline protection Agent, obtains mixed liquor;
The ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide and inulin is 1 in the prebiotics:3;
The bacteria protectant is skimmed milk power, glycerine, sucrose or gelatin;It is preferred that skimmed milk power.
Under preferred embodiment, three kinds of probiotics bacterial liquid concentration is respectively greater than equal to 1 × 1010CFU/mL;Preferably equal to 1 × 1010CFU/mL;
The amount of the prebiotics for adding accounts for the 5~8% of three kinds of probiotics bacterial liquid quality;It is preferred that 5%;
The amount of the bacteria protectant for adding accounts for the 5~10% of three kinds of probiotics bacterial liquid quality;It is preferred that 10%.
The preparation method of three kinds of probiotics bacterial liquids is preferably:
Above-mentioned three kinds of probiotics are carried out into fermentation enrichment respectively, cultivation temperature is 25~30 DEG C, pH 6.8~7.8, culture 48~72h, obtains zymotic fluid;Three kinds of zymotic fluids are mixed and made into mixed bacteria liquid after adjustment zymotic fluid concentration respectively;
Three kinds of fermentation mediums are MRS culture mediums;
This step can be using three kinds of probiotics fermention liquid concentration after colony counting method adjustment fermentation.
S2, mixed liquor obtained in step S1 is mixed with mineral carrier;
The mineral carrier is zeolite powder;
The volume mass ratio preferably 1 that the mixed liquor mixes with mineral carrier:0.25mL/g.
S3, by mixture vacuum freeze drying 24h~48h obtained in step S2, be made freeze-dried powder, as ocean symphysis unit Additive.
Through actual measuring and calculating, three kinds of total contents of probiotics in the obtained symphysis unit additive product of the present invention>1010CFU/g。
Present invention also offers application of the above-mentioned symphysis unit additive in apostichopus japonicus culture, concretely comprise the following steps:By the conjunction Raw unit's additive mixes in proportion with sea cucumber basal feed;
The symphysis unit additive is the 2~5% of the basal feed quality.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, the efficient scientific compatibility probiotics of the present invention and prebiotics, make the two act synergistically, and play " 1+1>2 " effect, The dual prebiotic effect of bacillus and marine oligosaccharide class prebiotics can be simultaneously played using symphysis unit additive of the present invention, Exogenous probiotics is selectively promoted to be colonized and breed in animal intestinal tract with endogenous intestinal beneficial microbes, collection probiotics The growth protecting of quick-acting and slow tail effect material prebiotics acts on one, plays cooperative effect, promotes growth of animal, activates place Main immune system, and directly or indirectly suppress harmful microbe breeding, so as to the growth performance for significantly improving stichopus japonicus and non-spy Specific immunological response, advantageously promotes animal health growth.
2nd, the present invention can improve stichopus japonicus intestine microenvironment, promote stichopus japonicus growth performance, improve apostichopus japonicus culture quality with Benefit, can be used as aquaculture feature green feed additive.
In sum, the present invention is being studied and is holding existing aquatic products additive base according to intestinal microecology nutrition principle On plinth, with reference to latest generation high-flux sequence and micro-ecological bacterial cluster analysis technology, the science screening specific probiotics of compatibility and new Marine oligosaccharide class prebiotics, there is provided a kind of with the efficient symphysis unit preparation for promoting stichopus japonicus growth and activating immune system, makes it Give full play to the prebiotic effect of symphysis unit each component, reach enhancing high density intensive culture pattern under stichopus japonicus growth performance and The purpose of the ability of disease is resisted, promotes the healthy and stable development of apostichopus japonicus culture industry.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the invention is described below:
Embodiment 1
First, ocean symphysis unit additive is prepared
Step 1:In MRS oceans culture medium after improvement distinguish fermented and cultured bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, cultivation temperature is 30 DEG C, and pH 7.0, incubation time is 48h, obtains bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis Bacterium, lactobacillus plantarum zymotic fluid, adjust three kinds of probiotics fermention liquid to 1 × 10 respectively10CFU/mL, three kinds of bacterium solutions are mixed To mixed bacteria liquid;
Step 2:Above-mentioned three kinds of probiotics mixed bacteria liquids are mixed with prebiotics and skimmed milk power, makes prebiotics mass concentration It is 5%, skimmed milk power protective agent mass concentration is 10%;
The ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide and inulin is 1 in the prebiotics:3;
Step 3:Step 2 solution is mixed with mineral carrier zeolite powder, volume mass ratio is 1:0.25ml/g;
Step 4:By mixture vacuum freeze drying 24h obtained in step 3, freeze-dried powder, as symphysis unit additive are made.
Two, the preparation of experiment apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed
Step 1:The selection of stichopus japonicus basal feed, a kind of feed formula provided herein (Ju Ti Pei Fang should be selected optionally): Weigh Kelp Powder 2kg, sargassum thunbergii powder 2kg, bean cake powder 1kg, fish meal 1kg, ooze 3kg, oyster shell whiting 0.75kg, B B-complex and Mineral matter 0.25kg;
Wherein, the B B-complex and mineral matter and addition composition needed for the basal feed of prior art and quantity will Ask identical.A kind of preferred embodiment is provided herein, and the B B-complex and mineral composition are (mg/g):VitaminB10 .5, dimension Raw element B21.0, nicotinic acid 0.75, vitamin B6 1.5, vitamin B12 0.05, calcium pantothenate 10, vitamin C 50, Choline Chloride 200, Farnoquinone, vitamin A 0.6, vitamin e1 0, chemical cellulose 723.6;MgSO4-7H2O 100,ZnSO4-7H2O 3,CoCl2- 6H2O 1,MnSO4-H2O1,Al Cl3-6H2O 0.2,FeSO4-7H2O 30,CuCl2-2H2O 63, calcium carbonate 801.8.
Step 2:Feedstuff is pre-processed, and drying is not higher than 15% to water content, and meal is broken to 100~200 mesh;
Step 3:Daily feed feed before, by symphysis unit preparation of the present invention according to basal feed weight 5% addition Abundant spice mixing is carried out, the content of probiotics wherein in ocean symphysis unit additive>109CFU/g, in basal feed effectively Content>108CFU/g, then feeds to stichopus japonicus.
Three, raising and the management of stichopus japonicus
The similar healthy stichopus japonicus of selection size as experimental subjects, average weight 10g or so.Investigate foregoing invention symphysis unit Preparation is to stichopus japonicus growth and immune facilitation effect.Experiment carries out adaptability and temporarily supports before starting, all box for breeding 24h aerations, Using water system, lucifuge changes 30% breeding water body, low blowdown is inhaled weekly once daily, in whole experiment process, dissolved oxygen >=6mg/l, water temperature is held in 16-18 DEG C, and pH 7.9-8.1, salinity is 30-32ppt.The daily set time feeds basis respectively The feed of feed and addition symphysis unit preparation of the present invention, feeding volume is the 5% of stichopus japonicus weight, and experiment is carried out 60 days.
Four, stichopus japonicus sample collection and data analysis
1. growth performance is determined
Survival rate:N2/N1×100
Daily gain:(W2-W1)T-1
Wherein N2And N1Respectively each parallel stichopus japonicus end head number and initial head number, W eventually2And W1Respectively each parallel thorn The whole opisthosoma weight of ginseng and original body mass, T is experiment number of days.
2. the measure of immune indexes
Coelomocyte of Apostichopus japonicus phagocytic rate is determined
Concentration is 10 after crystallized purple dyeing and formalin-inactivated9cfu mL-1Staphylococcus aureus (Staphyloccocusaureus Rosenbach) is added to one piece 48 together with the coelomocyte of Apostichopus japonicus suspension of certain volume In orifice plate, inhale repeatedly and beat, be sufficiently mixed cell and bacterium solution.Adjustment cell suspension volume and bacterium solution volume make cell density:Carefully Strain density=1:50.Lucifuge reaction 1h at 18 DEG C, inhales every 20min and beats once.Then 40 μ L mixed liquors are taken gently to drip in load glass On piece, smear is waited to do.Plus 5% formaldehyde (being dissolved in physiological saline), phagocyte 3min of the fixed absorption on slide, with distillation Water is rinsed, and puts observation under inverted microscope.100 phagocytes are counted, the computing formula of phagocytic rate is:
Cell phagocytic rate (%)=phagocyte number/TCS × 100 of phagocytosis occur altogether
The measure of immune correlation enzyme activity
Superoxide dismutase, lysozyme and nitricoxide synthase are lived using kit, and (purchase builds up biology from Nanjing Graduate School of Engineering) determine.
3. premunition is determined
After 60d culture experiments terminate, each parallel group randomly selects 10 stichopus japonicus, and every stichopus japonicus body cavity injects 100 μ L Concentration is 1 × 109cfu mL-1The bacteria suspension of Apostichopus japonicus pathogenic bacteria-Vibrio splindidus, continuous injection 3 days, period does not carry out feed throwing Hello, after observing two weeks, statistics stichopus japonicus cumulative life-incidence (CIR=morbidity stichopus japonicus number/stichopus japonicus sum).
Influence of the symphysis unit of the present invention to stichopus japonicus growth performance and nonspecific immunity power is as shown in table 1 and table 2:
Table 1. feeds influence (n=30) of the symphysis unit of the present invention to stichopus japonicus growth performance
Table 2. feeds influence of the symphysis unit of the present invention to stichopus japonicus immunity and premunition
Result of the test shows:Extra addition symphysis unit of the present invention, can significantly improve stichopus japonicus special in stichopus japonicus basal feed Determine the growth performances such as growth rate, effectively enhancing coelomocyte of Apostichopus japonicus phagocytic rate, superoxide dismutase, lysozyme and nitric oxide Synthase activity, and cumulative life-incidence of the stichopus japonicus under Vibrio splindidus stress can be significantly reduced.Therefore, in stichopus japonicus basal feed Appropriate addition symphysis unit of the present invention can remarkably promote stichopus japonicus growth performance and nonspecific immunity power and premunition, can be as thorn Ginseng novel green feed addictive is used.
The present invention is obtained feed addictive using the pattern of symphysis unit, and symphysis unit is probiotics and prebiotics scientific compatibility system Into biological agent, its essence is not two kinds of simple superposition of product, but a change for matter.It is specific by efficient compatibility Probiotics and prebiotics, targetedly promote exogenous probiotics to be colonized and grow in animal intestinal tract, and selective stimulating The propagation of endogenous profitable strain, adjusts immune system, improves defence capability of the body to pathogenic microorganism, improves animal intestinal tract micro- Ecogroup system balance, plays dual parts of probiotics and prebiotics, reaches " 1+1>2 " effect, it is dynamic so as to advantageously promote The growth of thing and health.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, technology according to the present invention scheme and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of apostichopus japonicus culture symphysis unit additive, it is characterised in that composition includes:
Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, brown alga oligose, inulin, bacteria protectant, mineral matter are carried Body;
The ratio of brown alga oligose and inulin is 1 in the prebiotics:3
The bacteria protectant is skimmed milk power, glycerine, sucrose or gelatin;
The mineral carrier is zeolite powder.
2. symphysis unit additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ratio of each component is:
Concentration is respectively greater than equal to 1 × 1010The bacillus licheniformis of CFU/mL, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum mixing The chitosan oligosaccharide and inulin that account for the bacterium solution quality 5~8%, the thalline protection for accounting for the bacterium solution quality 5~10% are added in bacterium solution The solution obtained after agent compares 1 with the mineral carrier by volume mass:0.25ml/g mixes, and freezes.
3. symphysis unit additive according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that
The mineral carrier is zeolite powder;
The bacteria protectant is skimmed milk power.
4. the preparation method of symphysis unit additive described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that:
S1, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum mixed bacteria liquid are taken, add prebiotics, thalline protection Agent, obtains mixed liquor;
The ratio of brown alga oligose and inulin is 1 in the prebiotics:3;
The bacteria protectant is skimmed milk power, glycerine, sucrose or gelatin;
S2, mixed liquor obtained in step S1 is mixed with mineral carrier;
The mineral carrier is zeolite powder;
S3, by mixture vacuum freeze drying 24h~48h obtained in step S2, be made freeze-dried powder, as symphysis unit additive.
5. the preparation method of symphysis unit additive according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the bacillus licheniformis, withered Careless bacillus, the preparation method of lactobacillus plantarum bacterium solution are:
Above-mentioned three kinds of microorganisms are carried out into fermentation enrichment respectively, cultivation temperature is 25~30 DEG C, pH 6.8~7.8, culture 48~ 72h, obtains thalline zymotic fluid;Three kinds of zymotic fluids are mixed and made into mixed bacteria liquid after adjustment zymotic fluid concentration respectively;
Three kinds of fermentation culture medium for microbe are MRS culture mediums.
6. the preparation method of symphysis unit additive according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
Three kinds of microbial inoculum concentration is respectively greater than equal to 1 × 1010CFU/mL;
The amount of the prebiotics for adding accounts for the 5~8% of the mixed bacteria liquid quality;
The amount of the bacteria protectant for adding accounts for the 5~10% of the mixed bacteria liquid quality;
The bacteria protectant is skimmed milk power;
The volume mass that mixed liquor described in step S2 mixes with mineral carrier compares 1:0.25mL/g;
The mineral carrier is zeolite powder.
7. the preparation method of symphysis unit additive according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
Three kinds of bacterial concentrations are respectively greater than equal to 1 × 1010CFU/mL;
The mass concentration of the prebiotics for adding is three kinds the 5% of the microorganism mixed bacteria liquid;
The mass concentration of the bacteria protectant for adding is three kinds the 10% of the mixed bacteria liquid.
8. the application of symphysis unit additive described in claim 1, it is characterised in that added as the feed for apostichopus japonicus culture Agent.
9. the application of symphysis unit additive according to claim 8, it is characterised in that concrete operations are:By the symphysis unit Additive mixes in proportion with sea cucumber basal feed;
The symphysis unit additive is the 2~5% of the basal feed quality.
CN201611185379.3A 2016-12-20 2016-12-20 A kind of apostichopus japonicus culture preparation and its application of symphysis unit additive Pending CN106721654A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107373031A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-24 大连理工大学 A kind of application of schizochytrium limacinum on apostichopus japonicus culture
CN108783114A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-11-13 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 A kind of prebiotics fermentation type sea cucumbus feed and preparation method thereof
CN109007409A (en) * 2018-07-06 2018-12-18 华南农业大学 A kind of hatching Broiler chicks Synbiotics mouthspray preparation and preparation method thereof
CN111647523A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-09-11 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 Probiotic composition for stichopus japonicus culture and application thereof

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CN104381694A (en) * 2014-11-29 2015-03-04 郑州后羿制药有限公司 Composite microecological preparation
CN105901305A (en) * 2014-05-19 2016-08-31 张兴龙 Antibiotic substitute feed additive, its formula, feed with antibiotic substitute feed additive and production method of feed with antibiotic substitute feed additive
CN106417989A (en) * 2016-02-02 2017-02-22 武汉万德瑞生物技术有限公司 Probiotic composition for aquatic animal feed, preparation method and application thereof

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CN102220262A (en) * 2011-04-29 2011-10-19 哈尔滨恩瑞科技发展有限公司 Composite microbiological preparation and preparation method and use thereof
CN105901305A (en) * 2014-05-19 2016-08-31 张兴龙 Antibiotic substitute feed additive, its formula, feed with antibiotic substitute feed additive and production method of feed with antibiotic substitute feed additive
CN104381694A (en) * 2014-11-29 2015-03-04 郑州后羿制药有限公司 Composite microecological preparation
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107373031A (en) * 2017-08-17 2017-11-24 大连理工大学 A kind of application of schizochytrium limacinum on apostichopus japonicus culture
CN109007409A (en) * 2018-07-06 2018-12-18 华南农业大学 A kind of hatching Broiler chicks Synbiotics mouthspray preparation and preparation method thereof
CN108783114A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-11-13 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 A kind of prebiotics fermentation type sea cucumbus feed and preparation method thereof
CN111647523A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-09-11 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 Probiotic composition for stichopus japonicus culture and application thereof

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