CN106711954A - Fast-response over-current and short-circuit protection circuit - Google Patents
Fast-response over-current and short-circuit protection circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106711954A CN106711954A CN201710140274.4A CN201710140274A CN106711954A CN 106711954 A CN106711954 A CN 106711954A CN 201710140274 A CN201710140274 A CN 201710140274A CN 106711954 A CN106711954 A CN 106711954A
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- circuit
- short
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- protection
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
- H02H7/1227—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters responsive to abnormalities in the output circuit, e.g. short circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
- H02H3/066—Reconnection being a consequence of eliminating the fault which caused disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/083—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for three-phase systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
- H02H7/0854—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load responsive to rate of change of current, couple or speed, e.g. anti-kickback protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
Abstract
The invention discloses a fast-response over-current and short-circuit protection circuit for protecting a power module of a three-phase motor. The fast-response over-current and short-circuit protection circuit comprises an over-current detection circuit, a short-circuit detection circuit and a protection circuit, wherein the over-current detection circuit comprises two paths for completing current detection of two paths of phase lines separately; the short-circuit detection circuit comprises three paths for completing short-circuit detection of three paths of phase lines separately; and an output signal generated by a five-path detection circuit is subjected to logic processing and anti-interference latch processing by a unified protection circuit to generate a final power module protection signal. The fast-response over-current and short-circuit protection circuit has an automatic recovery function, is high in response speed, high in stability and high in anti-interference and can be used for protection of the power module in a motor drive controller. An over-current signal or a short-circuit fault signal can be connected with a protection locking mechanism, any signal can trigger protection, a drive signal of the power module is closed and a protection module is not damaged in an over-current or short-circuit state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the current protecting circuit of motor drive controller, more particularly to a kind of fast-response excessively stream short-circuit protection
Circuit.
Background technology
Low-speed electronic car concentrates the control for completing whole system using a controller mostly in the market, possesses basic
Speed-regulating function, forward-reverse function, the defencive function such as under-voltage protection, overvoltage protection, overheat protector, overcurrent protection, short circuit, and
By suitable software processing, possesses the auxiliary sexual function such as Hall selfreparing, electric brake.Meanwhile, equipped with speed, electric energy, temperature
The instrument such as degree, indicating fault show man-machine interface.
Fig. 1 is the structure of block diagram of control system, and it is by battery, power driving circuit, power model, motor, control circuit
Composition.Power model is made up of 6 power MOSFET tube, and the M1~M6 in corresponding diagram, power model is provided properly for motor
Power output；Power driving circuit receives the PWM output signal from microcontroller, and generation is suitable for the half of power MOSFET
Bridge circuit drive signal；Control circuit main with microcontroller as core, receive the motor position signal that various sensors are sent
（Hall signal）, electric current, voltage, temperature, speed, the signal such as direction, the PWM by producing real-time change after control algolithm treatment
Control signal, meanwhile, export corresponding indication signal and shown to instrument.
In actual motion, power model is easily damaged.Need to add current foldback circuit and short-circuit protection circuit in systems.
And for the protection of power switch, traditional scheme is typically exported to microcontroller with sample rate current, then there is microcontroller electricity again
Protection signal is given after the treatment of road, drive circuit is closed using this protection signal, so as to protect power model.
Traditional approach comes with some shortcomings：The sampled signal that power model sends will be exported by microprocessor after treatment
Signal-off drive circuit, this mode has larger signal lag.And there is excessively stream in component or short circuit is damaged in power model
Bad process time is very short, and often in delay time section, controller also has little time to make to be effectively protected protection signal, from
And cause power switch overcurrent damage or aging acceleration.In addition, traditional protection is using monitoring phase line current or bus current, hair
Row trigger protection again during existing excessively stream, also there is certain delayed.And, when excessively stream or short circuit are led directly to be occurred, closed after controller treatment
Drive circuit is closed and latches, often closing signal after latching can not recover automatically so that whole power model is stopped.
The content of the invention
The present invention seeks to：A kind of hardware protection circuit structure independently of microprocessor is provided, flow short-circuit is crossed in fast-response
Protection, when trigger protection condition, protection signal can immediately close power switch, it is ensured that electric current was unlikely in power switch
Greatly, when signal recovers normal, can automatic unlocking and driving power switch, the normal operation of recovery.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit, the power model for protecting three phase electric machine, the power model is 6 work(
The three-phase bridge circuit of rate pipe composition, for three phase electric machine provides three power outputs of phase line, the short circuit over-current protection circuit
Including over-current detection circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit and protection circuit；The over-current detection circuit is made up of two-way, is respectively completed two
Road phase line current detection, short-circuit detecting circuit is made up of three tunnels, is respectively completed three tunnel phase line short-circuit detectings；Five alignment detection circuits are produced
Raw output signal carries out logical process by unified protection circuit and anti-tampering latch is processed, and generates final power model and protects
Shield signal.
Preferably, described over-current detection circuit, including sense the linear hall element of phase line current, Hall element output
It is sequentially connected π type RC filter circuits, voltage follower, RC filter circuits and comparator, comparator output overcurrent detection signal.
Preferably, described short-circuit detecting circuit, including the voltage-dividing detection circuit being connected with phase line, and it is corresponding with the phase line
Power bridge under tube grid connection phase inverter, voltage-dividing detection circuit output is sequentially connected π type RC filter circuits and compares
The short-circuit detection signal that device, the comparator and the output end of phase inverter pass through an OR gate logical device corresponding phase line of output.
Preferably, the protection circuit includes 5 diodes and a rest-set flip-flop of common-anode, each diode cathode point
The output signal not produced with five alignment detection circuits is connected, and anode connects the input and pull-up resistor of rest-set flip-flop, RS triggerings
Device produces power model protection signal.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
1. fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit proposed by the present invention, with auto restore facility, its fast response time, stability
Height, it is anti-interference strong, the protection of power model in motor drive controller can be used for；
2. short-circuit detecting circuit of the invention is different from traditional current detecting mode, and uses phases line voltage detection, using phase
, there is short trouble or just produces fault-signal immediately when dead band condition is unsatisfactory in the logical relation of line voltage and lower tube grid,
Response speed is faster；
3. over-current signal of the invention or short circuit fault signal are connected with protection locking mechanism, and either signal can be triggered
Protection, closes the drive signal of power model, and in excessively stream or short circuit, protection module is not damaged.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described：
Fig. 1 is a kind of motor of electric motor car controller system structured flowchart in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the over-current detection circuit schematic diagram in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the short-circuit detecting circuit schematic diagram in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the protection circuit schematic diagram in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
The fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit that the present invention is provided, including over-current detection circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit and guarantor
Protection circuit；The over-current detection circuit is made up of two-way, is respectively completed the detection of two-way phase line current, and short-circuit detecting circuit is by three tunnels
Composition, is respectively completed three tunnel phase line short-circuit detectings；The output signal that five alignment detection circuits are produced is carried out by unified protection circuit
Logical process and anti-tampering latch are processed, and generate final power model protection signal.
As shown in Fig. 2 the present invention gathers phase line current, U_hall and V_hall in Fig. 2 using linear hall element
The corresponding hall sensing voltage of the electric current of U phases and V phases respectively in motor three-phase coil, respectively through resistance R19, electric capacity C7,
After C8 and resistance R23, electric capacity C10, C11 filtering, the amplifier U6A, U6B of voltage follow type of attachment are connected to.Output end
R20, C9, R24, C12 be capacitance-resistance filter.There is linear scale to close by signal and phase line current after amplifier conditioning buffering
System, they are connected to the inverting input of voltage comparator U4C and U4D, by with comparator and default excessively stream limit value ratio
Compared with if the current value for measuring is excessive, so that corresponding excessively stream indication signal U_I, V_I are set to low level.Default excessively stream
Limit value is set by resistance R21 and R22 partial pressure.
As shown in figure 3, short-circuit detecting is different from conventional current detecting, present invention employs the side of detection phases line voltage
Formula, detects three phase lines of alternating current generator, and the situation of U phases is described below, and two-phase uses same circuit form in addition.Detection electricity
U phase voltage U_voltage are detected on road first, and it passes through R2, R4 electric resistance partial pressure collection phase voltage signal, herein for different application
In the case of phases line voltage can set different intrinsic standoff ratios, the signal after partial pressure through resistance R3, after electric capacity C1, C2 filtering with R5,
The a reference value of R6 bleeder circuits setting is compared, and judges whether phases line voltage belongs to high pressure with this, and high pressure, illustrates power in this way
The upper pipe of the half-bridge circuit of module correspondence phase is to open.Now, comparator U1A outputs low level.Meanwhile, U_Gate_L signals
The gate drive signal of correspondence U phase half-bridge circuit down tubes is represented, it passes through a schmitt inverter U3A and filters signal
After small variations with the output valve of U1A together as OR gate U2A input, eventually through the short circuit of OR gate output U phases it is straight-through therefore
Barrier signal.The criterion of failure judgement is：When phases line voltage is more than preset value, show on the power half-bridge of correspondence phase
Pipe is to open, if now corresponding down tube is opened simultaneously, can produce power supply to the through path of Power Groud, causes short circuit.
Short-circuit detecting circuit effectively prevent the straight-through situation of upper down tube of power half-bridge.Voltage-stabiliser tube D1 is used to prevent phases line voltage in circuit
Protection comparator U1A, R1 are weak pull-up resistors when having overshoot burr, it is ensured that short-circuit detecting circuit is failure to actuate during normal operation.
As shown in figure 4, the short circuit fault signal of 5 diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8 of common-anodes to three-phase、、With the logical operation that over-current signal U_I, V_I carry out "AND", the unification of excessively stream and short-circuit signal is completed
Treatment, as long as there is a failure to occur, just triggers the RS latch being made up of NAND gate U7A, U7B, produces power model grid
Shutdown signal, protect power model.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Will appreciate that present disclosure and implement according to this, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all main according to the present invention
The modification for wanting the Spirit Essence of technical scheme to be done, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit, the power model for protecting three phase electric machine, the power model is 6
The three-phase bridge circuit of power tube composition, for three phase electric machine provides three power outputs of phase line, it is characterised in that：
The short circuit over-current protection circuit includes over-current detection circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit and protection circuit；
The over-current detection circuit is made up of two-way, is respectively completed the detection of two-way phase line current, and short-circuit detecting circuit is by three tunnel groups
Into being respectively completed three tunnel phase line short-circuit detectings；The output signal that five alignment detection circuits are produced is patrolled by unified protection circuit
Treatment and anti-tampering latch treatment are collected, final power model protection signal is generated.
2. fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described over-current detection electricity
Road, including sense the linear hall element of phase line current, Hall element output is sequentially connected π type RC filter circuits, voltage follow
Device, RC filter circuits and comparator, comparator output overcurrent detection signal.
3. fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described short-circuit detecting electricity
The phase inverter of tube grid connection, institute under road, including the voltage-dividing detection circuit being connected with phase line, and power bridge corresponding with the phase line
State voltage-dividing detection circuit output and be sequentially connected π type RC filter circuits and comparator, the output end of the comparator and phase inverter is led to
Cross the short-circuit detection signal of OR gate logical device output correspondence phase line.
4. fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The protection circuit includes 5
The diode of individual common-anode and a rest-set flip-flop, the output signal that each diode cathode is produced with five alignment detection circuits respectively connect
Connect, anode connects the input and pull-up resistor of rest-set flip-flop, rest-set flip-flop produces power model protection signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710140274.4A CN106711954B (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2017-03-10 | A kind of fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710140274.4A CN106711954B (en) | 2017-03-10 | 2017-03-10 | A kind of fast-response short circuit over-current protection circuit |
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| CN106711954A true CN106711954A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| CN106711954B CN106711954B (en) | 2019-05-17 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108599110A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-09-28 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Over-current protection method, circuit and the electrical equipment of intelligent power module |
| CN109274059A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-25 | 奥克斯空调股份有限公司 | The current foldback circuit and air conditioner of three-phase APFC |
| CN110061476A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-26 | 江苏凯创电子科技有限公司 | Power supply device with overcurrent protection |
| CN110221647A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 上海视涯信息科技有限公司 | A kind of voltage-stablizer |
| CN111654272A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-09-11 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Drive control circuit |
| CN112491005A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | Recoverable quick protection circuit of 28V/on output interface circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108599110A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-09-28 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Over-current protection method, circuit and the electrical equipment of intelligent power module |
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| CN112491005A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | Recoverable quick protection circuit of 28V/on output interface circuit |
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| CN106711954B (en) | 2019-05-17 |
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