A kind of radar logging construction method of standard well
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil exploration technology field, and in particular to a kind of radar logging construction method of standard well.
Background technology
Oil well logging instrument is to know the survey tool for being stored in deep formation space petroleum distribution situation.What well logging was obtained
The well logging primary signal that original measurement value, such as resistivity logging are obtained is the ground for not reflecting rock directly in units of mV
Characteristic could turn into the engineering value of reflection stratum physical parameter, it is necessary to pass through accurate conversion, while, it is necessary to ensure same class
The unification of the logger metering of type.At present, oil well logging instrument is mainly and realizes this accurate transformation and guarantor with scale method
The uniformity of the measurement result between card same class logger.
Wherein, it is normal comparing the scale of logger and demarcation to be carried out using standard well (being also test pit, model well)
Method.Test pit is the physical model of the artificial certain lithology of certain hole diameter set up under experimental conditions, for scale and
Demarcate logger.In the prior art, Huadong Geology College Deng Ming fine jades (development of the horizontal model well of apparent resistivity logging with determine,
Deng Mingqi, Huadong Geology College's journal) establish the total space resistivity logging standard well.Resistivity logging and polarizability
Well logging, is all detected using gradient array and potentiometric electrode system, and they have (or the detection half of certain investigative range
Footpath) its investigative range is relevant with electrode spacing size, the resistivity of electrode system surrounding medium and its distribution.Jilin University's well logging experiment
The electrical method test well of oneself has also been built in room, and structure is similar with Huadong Geology College, only using half space model.Use tank
Modeling different-thickness, single high resistivity stratum condition.Jilin University's model experiment room have also been devised ground GPR
Many known models have been buried in sand box model, bottom, and radar surveying is carried out at the top of pond, and antenna used is shielded for 900MHz
Antenna.
In the prior art, CN2900785Y discloses a kind of movable matural gamma scale well during drilling, including shell, filling
Material, well, shell are metal buckets, and there is suspension hook in outside, and well is fiberglass drum, on enclosure axis, outside
Be cast with the annular space that shell and well are formed containing potassium, uranium, thorium ore packing material.The value of the test pit can be direct
Traced to the source to natural gamma API professional standards, and MWD gamma ray tool can be carved together with drill collar in test pit
Degree, influence of the amendment drill collar to natural gamma counting rate, the need for meeting MWD gamma ray tool scale.
CN104763415A discloses a kind of Electrical imaging scale gang of wells, at least including being used for electric imaging logging instrument above flatly or flatly
Verification and scale test pit, test pit at least includes rock module, is arranged on the instrument via in the middle of rock module;In rock
Include radial gap behind stone module inwall image.The scale gang of wells is by the radial slot behind rock module inwall image
Gap ensures the backflow of measurement signal, so as to improve imaging precision of the electric imaging logging instrument to image.
Judged using logging technique, analysis near wellbore whether there is crack, hole and its distribution situation, could accurately recognized
Know, evaluate oil-gas reservoir.Conventional coring charting and geophysical log can provide the information of some rock qualities, but only to well
Limit range-sensitive is near the eyes.Existing logger radial depth of investigetion is shallow (being less than 3m), and most of logging methods can only be surveyed
Several millimeters to several meters stratum of scope of span well, it is difficult to recognize construction situation and the distribution of reservoir parameter of well week undisturbed formation
Situation, is that the correct evaluation of reservoir brings certain difficulty.By the layout of well is limited, many important geologic features will
It is missed;It is due to economically and unpractical although well can be increased by areal.
Radar logging is a kind of to the range findings such as hole, crack, interception, while the specific of a direction certain distance can be surveyed
Dielectric constant and electrical conductivity logging method, be different from general electromagnetic wave logging.In well logging, radar logging instrument is along well
Shaft bottom is put into now, well logging is above proposed, by wellbore stratum theaomni-directional transmission transient state ultra wide band electromagnetic impulse, utilizing
Transient pulse transmission characteristic in the earth formation obtains formation information, and then explains well week stratigraphic structure.It has larger footpath
To detection range and of a relatively high resolution ratio, belong to and compare new logging technique developing direction in the world, be that borehole radar should
One of expansion direction with field.
Investigative range of the borehole radar instrument in crystalline rock can be more than 100m.In addition to investigative range, radar can
The repetition detection of up to a hundred times is carried out in each emphasis depth, by the average superposition to these result of detections, the signal to noise ratio of instrument
Available very big raising.In practice, pulse is broadband, and resolution ratio may be better than a wavelength.Come for RAMAC systems
Say, the wavelength in rock is about 2-5m, thus, many reflection physical efficiencys reach a centimetre class precision.But simultaneously, it is also desirable to thunder
Carry out scale and demarcate up to logger.
The standard well (being also test pit, model well) built both at home and abroad is a lot, but is limited to conventional logging, including radioactivity more
Well logging (gamma ray log, spectrometry logging, density log, compensated neutron log), acoustic logging, carbon/oxygen log, resistivity
Well logging, cementing quality etc..At present, the report of the standard well that radar imagery well logging is demarcated is not can be used for also;With unknown geology
Condition cannot check overall reliability, validity of radar logging instrument etc., and on the model test well of radar imagery well logging
Or standard well construction method is not publicly reported at home and abroad.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of radar logging construction method of standard well, build for radar logging instrument
Scale and demarcate standard well, inspection radar logging instrument about the technical indicator in terms of detection.
In order to realize the above object the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of radar logging construction method of standard well, comprises the following steps:
1) basement process:After foundation excavation, changed using graded sand and stone fill out and compaction in layers formed change packing course, using concrete
Pour to form bed course packing course surface is changed;
2) brick pouring uses mould on bed course;
3) standard well main body construction:Standard well main body is poured using the mortar laminated method for pouring in a mold, every layer is poured
0.25~0.35m of height is noted, carrying out later layer again after preceding layer pours mortar initial set pours, until pouring completion, conserves afterwards,
Obtain final product standard well;
In casting process, objective body is laid in relevant position in advance, target body portion is first cast in design attitude, mortar
Determine that position is accurate after initial set, then poured completely;
The support pier for placing artificial well is poured in relevant position in advance, artificial well is put after initial set, by surveying
The position coordinates for measuring support pier determines that artificial borehole position is accurate, then carries out burial and pour.
The compacted density for changing packing course is more than 97%.
Step 1) in, pour into a mould to form bed course using C30 concrete.
The described radar logging construction method of standard well, 0.9~1.2m of foundation excavation, the thickness for changing packing course is 0.8
~1.0m, the thickness of bed course is 0.2m.General, the length and width size of the length and width size more than standard well main body of bed course;Change packing course
Length and width size more than bed course length and width size.The earthwork after excavation is transported out to soot.
The objective body is formed using safety glass and glass glue sticking;The thickness of safety glass used is 10~14mm.
Feed tube, blow-down pipe and blast pipe are respectively connected with each objective body, for filled inside objective body fluid or
Emptying.The top connection of the feed tube, blast pipe and objective body, blow-down pipe is connected with the bottom of objective body, it is ensured that objective body
It is interior to fill fluid or all emptying.
The feed tube, blow-down pipe and blast pipe use pvc pipe.
Artificial well is made using fiberglass.
Step 3) in, standard well main body is poured using the mortar marked as M10.
In casting process, mortar is carried out using immersion vibrator and is vibrated, time of vibration is controlled in 20~30s.Concrete vibrates
When, vibrating head should interlock in order, twitch up and down, and fast inserting is pulled out slowly, and vibration is uniform, it is impossible to leakage is shaken, can not cross to shake;Concrete table should also be regarded
Face is horizontal, no longer significantly sinks, and bubble, surface no longer occurs and glows mortar and be defined.
The concrete duration of pouring need to avoid high temperature and strong wind period, reduce influence of the temperature to concrete shrinkage.
Step 3) in, the maintenance refers to that watering and plastic covering film are conserved, when pouring the continuous maintenance of well body
Between be no less than 14 days.The maintenance of mortar, using watering and plastic covering membrane curing.In order to ensure that the mortar for newly pouring has suitably
Curing condition, prevent early stage from producing crack due to drying shrinkage, mortar poured the continuous curing time of well body no less than 14 days.
The radar logging of the invention construction method of standard well, by special basement process and main body construction technique,
The construction of the scale and the standard well demarcated for radar logging instrument is realized, the construction method ensure that overall standard well
Safety and stability, can be used to check radar logging instrument about the technical indicator in terms of detection, strengthen radar logging instrument entirety
Reliability and validity.The construction method provides new method and thinking for radar logging standard well construction, is adapted to promote
Use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of hole 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of hole 2;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of hole 3;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation in crack 1;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation in crack 2;
Fig. 6 is the position view of each objective body and vertical shaft in the radar logging standard well of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
In specific embodiment, standard well model is set up in advance, constructed according to standard well model.Radar logging standard
The establishment principle of well model is:
1. standard well length should ensure that instrument depth point is (general more than 25 meters relative to effective displacement of objective body
, displacement is more long, is more conducive to target acquisition);Width should be not less than the maximum detectable range of radar logging instrument;Highly
Should ensure that the stability of a system;
2. background media is selected according to geological conditions;
3. it is different scale and hole and the crack of attribute to set the objective body of radar detection, can be filled out in hole and crack
Fill different fluid;Objective body is more than 5m to the distance of well;
4. pursue and obtain preferable radar logging signal.
Based on above-mentioned establishment principle, the configuration of the radar logging standard well model of embodiment 1 is three-dimensional box-structure,
Horizontal positioned, along horizontal-extending, simulated formation depth direction, appearance and size is 30m (length) × 7.5m (width) × 3m to length direction
(height);Background media is limestone;Artificial well is set close to the right flank of standard well model, its immediate standard well model
Right flank distance be 0.5m;6 objective bodies, respectively 4 holes and 2 cracks are set, except a 3m checking detection mesh
Outside standard type, the distance of remaining 5 objective body to well is more than 5m.
It is planar structure at the top of standard well, apart from ground 3m, top surface is fillet with the drift angle of long side surface.
Embodiment 1
The radar logging of the present embodiment construction method of standard well, comprises the following steps:
1) basement process:Foundation excavation 1.2m (9m is wide × and 40m is long × 1.2m depths) after, changed using graded sand and stone and fill out 9m (width)
× 40m (length) × 1m (thickness), and packing course is changed in compaction in layers formation, the compacted density for changing packing course is more than 97%;Using C30 concrete
Pour to form bed course 8.5m (width) × 31m (length) × 0.2m (thickness) packing course surface is changed;
2) making of objective body:Objective body is made using safety glass and glass glue sticking;The target of the present embodiment
Body is 6, respectively 4 holes and 2 cracks, as Figure 1-5, including hole 1 (a1), hole 2 (a2), hole 3 (a3),
Hole 4 (structure is with hole 3), crack 1 (c1), crack 2 (c2), are connected with feed tube 1, the and of blow-down pipe 3 on each objective body
Blast pipe 2, for making to fill fluid or emptying inside objective body;The thickness for making the safety glass of objective body is 12mm, glass
The thickness of viscose glue is 1mm, and the pvc pipe and valve of feed tube, blow-down pipe and blast pipe diameter 20mm are made;
The inside dimension (unit cm) and external dimensions (unit cm) of objective body see the table below 1;
The size of the objective body of table 1
Dimension Types |
Hole 1 |
Hole 2 |
Hole 3, hole 4 |
Crack 1 |
Crack 2 |
Inside dimension |
10*10*10 |
80*80*80 |
20*10*20 |
100*10*20 |
300*10*100 |
External dimensions |
12.6*12.6*12.6 |
82.6*82.6*82.6 |
22.6*12.6*22.6 |
102.6*12.6*22.6 |
302.6*12.6*102.6 |
3) making of artificial well:Artificial well is made using glass reinforced plastic pipe, glass reinforced plastic pipe wall thickness 12mm, internal diameter Φ
196mm;Also 2 vertical shafts of test antenna, vertical shaft is made using glass reinforced plastic pipe, the wall thickness 6mm of glass reinforced plastic pipe, internal diameter Φ
196mm;
4) brick pouring uses mould on bed course;The mould sets the three-dimensional box to form upper end open using four sides walled
Structure, for pouring standard well main body wherein;
Reserve that feed tube for artificial well and objective body, blow-down pipe and blast pipe pass through on the wall for forming mould is logical
Hole;
5) standard well main body construction:According to mortar specimen test result, the present embodiment is carried out using the mortar marked as M10
Pour, belong to the construction of large volume mortar;
The method poured using mortar laminated annular pours standard well main body in a mold, when pouring, by drawing near, often
Layer pours into a mould height 0.3m, and carrying out later layer again after preceding layer pours mortar initial set pours, constantly circulation, until completion is poured,
After conserve, obtain final product standard well;
In casting process, objective body is laid in the form of template in relevant position in advance, first pour target body portion
In design attitude, position measurement is carried out after mortar initial set and determines that position is accurate, then poured completely;
Five support piers for placing artificial well are poured in relevant position in advance, artificial well is put after initial set, led to
The position coordinates for crossing measurement support pier determines that artificial borehole position is accurate, then carries out burial and pour;
The radar logging of the present embodiment each objective body of standard well and the parameter of vertical shaft and position such as table 2 and Fig. 6 institutes
Show.
The parameter and position of each objective body of table 2 and vertical shaft
Note:The origin of coordinates of construction standard well is selected in the northeast corner lower end (lower right corner of front end face) of standard well.Objective body,
Vertical shaft and standard well well are laid on the basis of the origin of coordinates according to the position of design.
Mortar is carried out using immersion vibrator to vibrate, when concrete vibrates, vibrating head should interlock in order, twitch up and down, it is fast to insert
Slowly pull out, vibration is uniform, it is impossible to leakage is shaken, can not cross to shake, time of vibration controlled in 20~30s;Concrete surface should also be regarded horizontal,
No longer significantly sink, bubble, surface no longer occur and glow mortar and be defined;
During Cement Mortar Used in Capital, using watering and plastic covering membrane curing;In order to ensure that it is suitable hard that the new mortar that pours has
Change condition, prevents early stage from producing crack due to drying shrinkage, and mortar poured the continuous curing time of well body no less than 14 days.