CN102912780A - Sandy soil water-immersion testing method for loess collapsible deformation - Google Patents
Sandy soil water-immersion testing method for loess collapsible deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102912780A CN102912780A CN2012104254169A CN201210425416A CN102912780A CN 102912780 A CN102912780 A CN 102912780A CN 2012104254169 A CN2012104254169 A CN 2012104254169A CN 201210425416 A CN201210425416 A CN 201210425416A CN 102912780 A CN102912780 A CN 102912780A
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- prospect pit
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 101150054854 POU1F1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sandy soil water-immersion testing method for loess collapsible deformation. The method includes the steps: digging an exploratory well on the stratum surface, and taking collapsible loess below the exploratory well as to-be-tested soil mass; selecting a bearing plate, fixing a sedimentation rod above the bearing plate, and mounting a soil pressure gauge on the bearing plate; removing dig fictitious soil at the bottom of the exploratory well, laying a sand bed, placing the bearing plate on the sand bed, and enabling the measuring signal line of the soil pressure gauge to extend out of the stratum surface upwards; and filling sand gravels in the exploratory well, filling water after sufficient sand gravels are filled, and measuring the earth pillar pressure formed by the sand gravels by the soil pressure gauge, wherein sedimentation displacement change of the sedimentation rod refers to collapsible deformation of the collapsible loess. By the sandy soil water-immersion testing method for loess collapsible deformation, the defects of disturbance of soil sample obtaining and sample preparation on loess structuredness in indoor collapsibility tests, high on-site water-immersion test pit testing cost and limited testing points are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Canal in Loess Area ground field tests technical field, be specifically related to a kind of sand immersion method of testing of collapsibility of loess distortion.
Background technology
The settlement by soaking of loess and evaluation method thereof are the technical barriers that Canal in Loess Area geotechnical engineering field is concerned and studies always.The settlement by soaking of test and evaluation loess and the Collapsing Deformation method of ground mainly contain two kinds: the one, and on-site layering is taked intact loess, immersion settlement by soaking experimental test coefficient of collapsibility based on loess sample under the indoor uniaxial compression lateral confinement distortional stress condition, the Collapsing Deformation of each soil layer with identical settlement by soaking is calculated in elder generation's layering, then, ask summation to estimate the Collapsing Deformation of place ground; The 2nd, the digging in-situ diameter is not less than testing pits of collapsible soil layer thickness, in the internal drilling back-up sand of testing pits, vertical water guide prospect pit is set.The interior direct water filling of testing pits, prospect pit can be accelerated the Deep Loess immersion.Sedimentation and deformation according to directly testing earth's surface and each soil layer of different buried depth carries out collapsibility of loess analysis and Collapsing Deformation evaluation.
For the former indoor settlement by soaking test method, the yardstick of sample is little, is the thick thin sample of 2cm, the lateral deformation of restriction sample.The problem one that exists is that soil sample is thin, may destroy the structural of soil when sample prepares, can not reflect structure on the impact of settlement by soaking; The 2nd, sample is under the lateral confinement distortion compressive stress condition all the time, and the variation of stress condition there are differences during with the actual formation Collapsing Deformation; The 3rd, when being applied to the damp sink of foundation evaluation, can not reflect continuously that earth formation is on the impact of ground Collapsing Deformation.For test pits settlement by soaking test of the immersion at latter scene, vertical water guide prospect pit is set in the immersion hole can very fast saturated Loess Layer, immersion Collapsing Deformation process has reflected the impact of structural behavior of loess and earth formation, also can reflect the stress condition of actual immersion Collapsing Deformation process.But, for deep collapsible loess stratum, test and analytical method about the settlement by soaking of shallow-layer loess if continue to continue to use at present, on the one hand, the not enough error accumulation meeting that causes of indoor settlement by soaking test is increasing; The expense of on-the-spot submerging test is large on the other hand, and especially for linear engineering, test pits settlement by soaking test of the immersion in a place is difficult to reflect variation along the line.And, for the building on the large thickness collapsible loess foundation, excavation structure, and loess tunnel, tunnel engineering, mainly be the harm that the Collapsing Deformation of the following loess of they substrates has consisted of engineering, more need the Collapsing Deformation of Deep Loess is made correct evaluation.
Summary of the invention
The sand immersion method of testing that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of collapsibility of loess distortion, can embody the original position structure of loess, can realize again the multiple spot test, overcome the test of indoor settlement by soaking and taked soil sample and preparation sample to the disturbance of structural characteristic of loess, and on-the-spot the immersion large and limited deficiency in testing site of testing expenses of testing pits.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is that a kind of sand immersion method of testing of collapsibility of loess distortion is characterized in that, carries out according to following steps:
The sedimentation bar is installed in the quadrature place, center of loaded plate.
The multi-segment structure of sedimentation bar for connecting successively by screw shell.
The sedimentation bar is hollow structure, and earth pressure gauge measurement signal line is arranged in the inner chamber of sedimentation bar.
The bottom opening of loaded plate, earth pressure gauge are installed in this hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) the method is easy and simple to handle, only needs the prospect pit of excavation rule, buries loaded plate and sedimentation bar etc. underground, on be covered with the effect load and fill sand gravel, do not need complicated especially equipment and operating technology just can carry out.(2) test result accurately and reliably, the method is different from laboratory test, can be because of not fetching earth disturbed soil structural, can be because of the limitation of the position of soil sample and so that test structure have suitable discreteness yet, and the principle that is based on large-scale submerging test Collapsing Deformation is carried out in-situ test, has guaranteed that test structure has reflected the actual settlement by soaking of soil layer accurately and reliably.(3) testing cost is cheap, and the water source, relative complex and loaded down with trivial details testing equipment, a large amount of manpowers that are different from the large-scale place of large-scale submerging test needs, a large amount of abundances carry out long-term observation.(4) the method principle is simple and clear, device simple and very strong applicability is arranged, operating technology is easy, do not need especially that the operating personnel of specialty just can finish, not high to site requirements, as long as the zone of less than one square meter just can be finished, therefore because little a large amount of testing times and the human and material resources saved in influence area.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the operating principle schematic diagram of the sand immersion method of testing of collapsibility of loess distortion of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the loaded plate among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the sniffer among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sectional drawing of the sniffer among the present invention;
Wherein, 1. prospect pit, 2. sand gravel, 3. sedimentation bar, 4. loaded plate, 5. vertical permeable hole, 6. sand cushion, 7. sedimentation bar casing, 8. earth pressure gauge measurement signal line, 9. prospect pit borehole wall casing, 10. earth pressure gauge, 11. collapsible loesses, 12. screw shells.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the sand immersion method of testing of collapsibility of loess distortion of the present invention, carry out according to following steps:
To shown in Figure 4, sedimentation bar 3 and loaded plate 4 form the sniffer that the inventive method is used such as Fig. 2.Choose diameter less than the loaded plate 4 of prospect pit 1 diameter, loaded plate 4 is for evenly having opened a plurality of vertical permeable holes 5 on Circular Rigid Plate and the plate body, and vertical permeable hole 5 can guarantee collapsible loess 11 stratum of prospect pit 1 interior immersion infiltration loaded plate 4 belows.The top of loaded plate 4 is fixed with vertical sedimentation bar 3, and sedimentation bar 3 is installed in the quadrature place, center of loaded plate 4.The multi-segment structure of sedimentation bar 3 for connecting successively by screw shell 12, the length of sedimentation bar 3 can change according to the variation of measuring soil depth, so that this method has the very large scope of application.The bottom opening of loaded plate 4 also is equipped with earth pressure gauge 10 in the hole.
Loaded plate 4 can also be square, and its size should less than the cross-sectional area of excavation prospect pit 1, be convenient to sink at the bottom of the prospect pit.
At the sedimentation bar casing 7 of sedimentation bar 3 outside suit PVC materials, fill 2 pairs of sedimentation bars of sand gravel sedimentation, 3 displacements generation constraint in order to eliminate.
After sand gravel 2 reaches the amount of filling, do not cave in for fear of filling sand gravel section prospect pit wall, in not filling the prospect pit section of sand gravel 2, lay the prospect pit borehole wall casing 9 of PVC material; Pour into water in prospect pit 1, until water is to collapsible loess 11, water injection rate can with the flowmeter survey that connects on the water injection pipe, finish test to sedimentation bar 3 sinking stabilizations.Collapsing Deformations occur in collapsible loess 11 under sand gravel 2 effect, measure to such an extent that the sedimentation deformation of sedimentation bar 3 changes by high-precision level, are the Collapsing Deformation of collapsible loess 11, record the earth pillar pressure that sand gravel 2 forms by earth pressure gauge 10.
The present invention excavates prospect pit 1 to the collapsible loess 11 of certain buried depth when carrying out the Loess Collapsibility property testing, immersion infiltrates into collapsible loess 11, therefore compare with large-scale submerging test, reduced significantly the requirement of test to site area, reduced the impact that test causes the place.In addition, in prospect pit 1, fill the sand gravel 2 of certain density, can simulate saturated earth pillar useful load and underground chamber base pressure etc. under the above saturated earth pillar useful load in 1 end of prospect pit, the excavation condition, thereby so that the method has very strong applicability, can be used for the measurement of the settlement by soaking of different buried depth collapsible loess.
Claims (7)
1. the sand immersion method of testing of a collapsibility of loess distortion is characterized in that, carries out according to following steps:
Step 1, excavate straight down prospect pit (1) at surface of stratum, the collapsible loess (11) of prospect pit (1) below is the soil body to be tested; Choose superficial area less than the loaded plate (4) of described prospect pit (1) cross-sectional area, described loaded plate (4) is for evenly having opened a plurality of vertical permeable holes (5) on rigid slab and the plate body, the top of described loaded plate (4) is fixed with vertical sedimentation bar (3), and earth pressure gauge (10) is installed on the described loaded plate (4);
Step 2, the excavation loosened soil is removed in prospect pit (1) bottom, and laying sand cushion (6), loaded plate (4) is lain in a horizontal plane on the sand cushion (6) by sedimentation bar (3), make the earth pressure gauge measurement signal line (8) of described earth pressure gauge (10) protrude upward surface of stratum;
Step 3, in prospect pit (1), fill sand gravel (2) after, pour into water in the prospect pit (1) again until water to collapsible loess (11), finishes test behind sedimentation bar (3) sinking stabilization; The sedimentation deformation of sedimentation bar (3) changes the Collapsing Deformation that is collapsible loess (11), records the earth pillar pressure that sand gravel (2) forms by earth pressure gauge (10).
2. according to the sand immersion method of testing of collapsibility of loess distortion claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2 also comprises: at the outside suit of described sedimentation bar sedimentation bar casing (7).
3. the sand immersion method of testing of being out of shape according to claim 1 or 2 described collapsibility of loess, it is characterized in that, described step 3 also comprises: after filling sand gravel (2), lay prospect pit borehole wall casing (9) first in the prospect pit section of not filling sand gravel (2), begin to pour water again.
4. according to the sand immersion method of testing of collapsibility of loess distortion claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sedimentation bar (3) is installed in the quadrature place, center of loaded plate (4).
5. according to the sand immersion method of testing of claim 1 or 4 described collapsibility of loess distortion, it is characterized in that the multi-segment structure of described sedimentation bar (3) for connecting successively by screw shell (12).
6. according to the sand immersion method of testing of collapsibility of loess distortion claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sedimentation bar (3) is hollow structure, and described earth pressure gauge measurement signal line (8) is arranged in the inner chamber of sedimentation bar (3).
7. according to the sand immersion method of testing of collapsibility of loess distortion claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bottom opening of described loaded plate (4), described earth pressure gauge (10) is installed in this hole.
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| CN201210425416.9A CN102912780B (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Sandy soil water-immersion testing method for loess collapsible deformation |
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| CN201210425416.9A CN102912780B (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Sandy soil water-immersion testing method for loess collapsible deformation |
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| CN102912780B CN102912780B (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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| CN103994753A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-08-20 | 太原理工大学 | Layered settlement device and layered settlement measuring method for loess filler high fill embankment |
| CN104060598A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-24 | 西南交通大学 | Fixing device of vertically arranged soil pressure cell |
| CN104296721A (en) * | 2014-11-01 | 2015-01-21 | 机械工业勘察设计研究院 | Satellite positioning and static leveling-based layered settlement monitoring system and method |
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| CN105954499A (en) * | 2016-06-26 | 2016-09-21 | 兰州理工大学 | Method and device for evaluating collapsible site after carrying out fracturing grouting reinforcement on collapsible loess site |
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| CN108020460A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-05-11 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of coefficient of collapsibility of loess measuring apparatus and its measuring method |
| CN109238867A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-18 | 湖北省路桥集团有限公司 | Coefficient of collapsibility measuring device in place in situ and Double-Line Method coefficient of collapsibility test method |
| CN109238867B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2023-08-11 | 湖北省路桥集团有限公司 | In-situ field collapse coefficient measuring device and two-wire method collapse coefficient test method |
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| CN114859016A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-05 | 西安理工大学 | Loess collapsibility test method |
| CN115419042A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-02 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | Device capable of simultaneously monitoring pile tip soil pressure and displacement and monitoring method |
| CN115419042B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-10-27 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | Device capable of simultaneously monitoring pile tip soil pressure and displacement and monitoring method |
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