CN106704578A - 用于获悉双离合变速器车辆中的离合器特性的方法 - Google Patents
用于获悉双离合变速器车辆中的离合器特性的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106704578A CN106704578A CN201610174123.6A CN201610174123A CN106704578A CN 106704578 A CN106704578 A CN 106704578A CN 201610174123 A CN201610174123 A CN 201610174123A CN 106704578 A CN106704578 A CN 106704578A
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- torsion
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D48/00—External control of clutches
- F16D48/06—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D48/00—External control of clutches
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/14—Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand
- F16H59/18—Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand dependent on the position of the accelerator pedal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/36—Inputs being a function of speed
- F16H59/46—Inputs being a function of speed dependent on a comparison between speeds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/50—Inputs being a function of the status of the machine, e.g. position of doors or safety belts
- F16H59/56—Inputs being a function of the status of the machine, e.g. position of doors or safety belts dependent on signals from the main clutch
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
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- F16H61/684—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for stepped gearings without interruption of drive
- F16H61/688—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for stepped gearings without interruption of drive with two inputs, e.g. selection of one of two torque-flow paths by clutches
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- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
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- F16H63/46—Signals to a clutch outside the gearbox
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于获悉DCT车辆中的离合器特性的方法,包括:换挡条件确定步骤,用于确定是否满足换挡条件;同步步骤,用于在满足换挡条件而开始换挡时,部分地减小分离侧离合器的扭矩以使得发动机转速与接合侧输入轴的速度同步;离合器释放确定步骤,用于确定分离侧离合器的滑动量是否超过参考滑动量;以及分离侧离合器获悉步骤,用于使用分离侧离合器的扭矩来更新分离侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩并且用于获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,分离侧离合器的扭矩被控制为在离合器释放确定步骤中允许分离侧离合器的滑动量超过参考滑动量。
Description
技术领域
本公开内容总体涉及用于获悉干式离合器(dry clutch)的特性的方法。更具体地,本公开内容涉及用于获悉双离合变速器(DCT)车辆中的离合器特性的方法。
背景技术
手自一体变速器(automated manual transmission)是用于自动控制基于手动变速器机构的变速器的系统。与使用扭矩变换器和湿式多片式离合器的自动变速器不同,手自一体变速器使用干式离合器传递发动机扭矩。
具体地,干式离合器具有离合变速器扭矩根据多种因素(诸如组件的容许误差、由于磨损的磨耗、由高温所引起的热变形、圆盘的摩擦系数的变化等)变化的特性。因此,在驾驶车辆期间难以估计所传递的扭矩。
同样,在控制离合器时检测不到变速器扭矩中的变化,这是因为离合器中可能出现过多的离合器滑动或者震动,所以用于实时估计干式离合器的扭矩特性的算法可以是必要的。
传统方法通过预测干式离合器的扭矩冲程(T-S)曲线的离合器控制来估计离合变速器扭矩。在此,T-S曲线是示出了干式离合器的变速器根据离合器致动器的冲程的扭矩特性的曲线。
在干式离合器的扭矩冲程(T-S)曲线的情况下,与湿式离合器不同,摩擦特性可能不规则改变。根据干式离合器的这些特性,随着获悉曲线的更多部分,可以得到平稳的驾驶性能和换挡品质。同样,因为可以使干式离合器的滑动最小化,所以可以使离合器耐用性得到有利改善。
因此,为了获得在起动车辆和换挡时的平稳的换挡品质,更频繁地获悉干式离合器的特性可能是必要的。
前文的内容仅旨在有助于理解本公开内容的背景,而并非旨在表示本公开内容落在本领域技术人员已知的相关技术的范围内。
发明内容
因此,本公开内容解决相关技术中出现的以上问题,并且本公开内容旨在提供用于获悉DCT车辆中的离合器特性的方法,该方法通过在换挡过程的初期检测干式离合器的特性的变化而平稳地改变换挡期间的速度并且提高换挡品质。
为了实现以上目标,根据本公开内容的用于获悉DCT车辆中的离合器特性的方法可以包括:换挡条件确定步骤,用于确定是否满足换挡条件;同步步骤,用于在满足换挡条件而开始换挡时,部分地减小分离侧离合器扭矩以使得发动机转速与接合侧输入轴的速度同步;离合器释放确定步骤,用于确定在同步步骤中分离侧离合器的滑动量是否超过参考滑动量;以及分离侧离合器获悉步骤,用于使用分离侧离合器的扭矩来更新分离侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩并且用于获悉更新的离合器扭矩,分离侧离合器的扭矩被控制为在离合器释放确定步骤中允许分离侧离合器的滑动量超过参考滑动量。
在离合器释放确定步骤中,可以进一步确定:在预定时间期间是否保持分离侧离合器的滑动量超过参考滑动量的状态;并且在分离侧离合器获悉步骤中,可以使用分离侧离合器的扭矩来更新分离侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且可以获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,分离侧离合器的扭矩被控制为允许在预定时间期间保持分离侧离合器的滑动量超过参考滑动量的状态。
在换挡条件确定步骤中,响应于踩踏加速踏板而输入APS信号,并且可以确定是否满足启动(power-on)降挡条件,在启动降挡条件中,需要换为低于当前挡位的挡位。
该方法可以进一步包括:扭矩转移步骤,用于在同步步骤之后通过扭矩转移控制释放分离侧离合器和接合接合侧离合器,扭矩转移控制释放分离侧离合器的扭矩并且施加接合侧离合器的扭矩;接合侧离合器滑动步骤,用于在扭矩转移步骤之后减小接合侧离合器的扭矩以引起接合侧离合器的滑动;离合器滑动确定步骤,用于确定在减小接合侧离合器扭矩的过程中接合侧离合器的滑动量是否超过参考滑动量;以及接合侧离合器获悉步骤,用于使用接合侧离合器的扭矩来更新接合侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩并且用于获悉更新的离合器扭矩,接合侧离合器的扭矩被控制为在离合器滑动确定步骤中允许接合侧离合器的滑动量超过参考滑动量。
在离合器滑动确定步骤中,可以进一步确定:在预定时间期间是否保持接合侧离合器的滑动量超过参考滑动量的状态;并且在接合侧离合器获悉步骤中,可以使用接合侧离合器的扭矩来更新接合侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且可以获悉更新的离合器扭矩,接合侧离合器的扭矩被控制为允许在预定时间期间保持接合侧离合器的滑动量超过参考滑动量的状态。
可以通过控制器确定是否满足换挡条件;可以使用布置在每个输入轴中的输入轴速度传感器测量接合侧输入轴速度和分离侧输入轴速度,从而可以计算对应的离合器的滑动量;可以基于对应的离合器致动器的冲程计算接合侧离合器的扭矩和分离侧离合器的扭矩;并且可以在控制器中设置离合器特性曲线,并且可以使用在分离侧离合器获悉步骤中获悉的离合器扭矩来更新离合器特性曲线的离合器扭矩,离合器特性曲线表示对应的离合器致动器的冲程与离合器扭矩之间的关系。
根据本公开内容,在启动降挡期间,在通过T-S曲线的一部分获悉干式离合器的特性之后,另外还获悉T-S曲线的另一部分,由此提前检测到了干式离合器的特性的变化。因此,可以平稳地改变换挡期间的速度并且可以提高换挡品质。
附图说明
当结合附图时,通过以下详细描述,将更清楚地理解本公开内容的以上和其他目标、特征和其他优点,附图中:
图1是示出了DCT车辆的整体结构的视图;
图2是示出了根据本公开内容的用于获悉离合器的特性的方法的控制流程的视图;
图3是根据本公开内容的用于描述在换挡期间发动机转速、离合器速度和扭矩的性能以获悉离合器的特性的视图;以及
图4是根据本公开内容的用于描述用于通过获悉离合器的特性的方法来调节离合器特性曲线的原理的视图。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参照附图详细描述本公开内容的示例性实施方式。
用于获悉根据本公开内容的DCT车辆中的离合器特性的方法可以包括换挡条件确定步骤、同步步骤、离合器释放确定步骤、和分离侧离合器获悉步骤。
参考图1和图2具体描述本公开内容,控制器1可以接收表示车辆的驾驶状态的值并且确定当前驾驶状态是否满足换挡条件确定步骤中的换挡条件。
例如,在换挡条件确定步骤中,响应于踩踏加速踏板3而输入APS信号,并且可以确定是否满足启动降挡(power-on downshifting)条件。这里,启动降挡条件可以指需要换为低于当前挡位的目标挡位的状态。
如果满足相应的条件,可以确定分离侧离合器扭矩在预定时间期间是否跟随(follow,遵循)发动机扭矩。
在同步步骤中,当因为在换挡条件确定步骤中可以满足换挡条件而开始换挡时,控制器1可以通过部分减小分离侧离合器扭矩来控制部分地释放分离侧离合器以使发动机转速与接合侧输入轴的速度同步。
例如,在图3中示出的惯性阶段部分的初期(其中,开始实际换挡),通过操纵分离侧离合器致动器CLA2来部分地减小分离侧离合器的扭矩从而增加发动机扭矩。因此,分离侧离合器CL2出现滑动,并且发动机转速增加以跟随(follow)接合侧离合器速度,从而与之同步。
在该情况下,在分离侧离合器的扭矩部分减小之后,在发动机转速与接合侧离合器速度同步之前再次施加扭矩,由此可以防止发动机转速骤升(flaring,发动机的每分钟转速增大而车辆没有加速的现象),并且可以准备扭矩转移(随后将描述)。
在本公开内容中,接合侧离合器和分离侧离合器分别表示为参考标号CL1和CL2,并且接合侧离合器致动器和分离侧离合器致动器分别表示为参考标号CLA1和CLA2。然而,为方便理解本公开内容起见,这是示例,并且可以根据哪个离合器是用于当前挡位的离合器或者哪个离合器是用于目标挡位的离合器来选择接合侧离合器和分离侧离合器。
接下来,在离合器释放确定步骤中,可以确定分离侧离合器CL2的滑动量是否超过参考滑动量。
期望地,进一步确定在预定时间期间是否保持分离侧离合器CL2的滑动量超过参考滑动量的状态。因此,可以确定是否由于分离侧离合器的扭矩的减小而出现分离侧离合器CL2的滑动或者是否由于外部干扰而不是分离侧离合器的扭矩减小而暂时发生分离侧离合器的滑动。
例如,确定发动机转数与分离侧输入轴的转数之间的差是否超过预定转数水平,并且在预定时间期间是否保持这种状态。
为此,可以在分离侧输入轴中布置输入轴速度传感器,并且可以使用输入轴速度传感器计算分离侧离合器CL2的滑动量。
同样,在分离侧离合器获悉步骤中,分离侧离合器扭矩可以用于更新分离侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且可以获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,分离侧离合器扭矩被控制为在离合器释放确定步骤中允许分离侧离合器CL2的滑动量超过参考滑动量。
期望地,分离侧离合器扭矩可以用于更新分离侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且可以获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,分离侧离合器扭矩被控制为允许在预定时间期间保持分离侧离合器CL2的滑动量超过参考滑动量。
换言之,为了通过在启动降挡的初期的惯性阶段部分内控制分离侧离合器来将发动机转速改变为同步速度,可以通过以下等式获得离合器扭矩,
Tc=Te–dNe/dt·ω
其中,Tc表示离合器扭矩,Te表示发动机扭矩,dNe/dt表示发动机角加速度,和ω表示发动机转动惯量。
在此,假设分离侧离合器的扭矩(对应于Tc)与设置在控制器1中的T-S曲线特征匹配,则通过以上等式来生成发动机角加速度。然而,如果Tc不准确,dNe/dt可能不会生成期望的图形。因此,换挡期间的速度变化不稳定,并且驾驶员可能感觉加速延迟或者可能感觉换挡震动。
换言之,在控制器1中,设置了表示离合器致动器的冲程和离合器扭矩之间的关系的离合器特性曲线(T-S曲线)。在此,分离侧的当前扭矩使用离合器特性曲线(T-S曲线)先前设置的数据,而不是从通过分离侧离合器获悉的发动机扭矩部分获得的数据,因此,发动机转速可能骤升。
因此,在本公开内容中,在实际换挡过程的初期获得T-S曲线上的对应于出现分离侧离合器滑动的时间的点,然后通过相应地更新来调整先前获悉的T-S曲线特征。因此,在初期检测到了干式离合器的特性的变化,并且平稳地改变了换挡期间的速度并提高了换挡品质。
同时,本公开内容可以进一步包括扭矩转移步骤、接合侧离合器滑动步骤、离合器滑动确定步骤、和接合侧离合器获悉步骤。
参考图2和图3,在扭矩转移步骤中,在同步步骤之后,分离侧离合器CL2可以分离并且接合侧离合器CL1可以通过扭矩转移而接合,其中分离侧离合器的扭矩通过分离侧离合器致动器CLA2释放,而接合侧离合器的扭矩通过接合侧离合器致动器CLA1施加。
在扭矩转移步骤之后的接合侧离合器滑动步骤中,可以释放接合侧离合器以引起接合侧的离合器CL1滑动。
同样,在离合器滑动确定步骤中,控制器1可以确定在释放接合侧离合器过程中接合侧离合器CL1的滑动量是否超过参考滑动量。
期望地,可以进一步确定在预定时间期间是否保持接合侧离合器CL1的滑动量超过参考滑动量的状态,由此可以确定是否由于接合侧离合器的释放而出现接合侧离合器的滑动,或者是否由于外部干扰而不是接合侧离合器的释放而暂时出现接合侧离合器的滑动。
例如,可以确定发动机转数与接合侧输入轴的转数之间的差是否超过预定转数水平,以及在预定时间期间是否保持这种状态。
为此,可以在接合侧输入轴中布置输入轴速度传感器,并且可以使用输入轴速度传感器计算接合侧离合器CL1的滑动量。
接下来,在接合侧离合器获悉步骤中,接合侧离合器扭矩可以用于更新接合侧离合器的离合器特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且可以获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,接合侧离合器扭矩被控制为允许接合侧离合器CL1的滑动量超过参考滑动量。
期望地,接合侧离合器扭矩可以用于更新接合侧离合器的离合器特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且可以因此获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,接合侧离合器扭矩被控制为允许在预定时间期间保持接合侧离合器CL1的滑动量超过参考滑动量的状态。
在接合侧离合器CL1的情况下,因为使用基于先前换挡过程的离合器特性曲线来控制接合侧离合器扭矩,所以接合侧离合器扭矩难以对离合器特性的变化作出反应,因此发动机转速可能骤升。
因此,在本公开内容中,获得了T-S曲线上对应于扭矩转移之后出现接合侧离合器滑动的时间的点,并且然后相应地更新了先前获悉的T-S曲线特征。因此,在初期阶段检测到了干式离合器的特性的变化,平稳地改变了换挡期间的速度,并且提高了换挡品质。
参考图2和图3描述本公开内容的用于获悉根据DCT车辆上的离合器的特性的方法的控制流程。
使用表示车辆的驾驶状态的值,例如,在响应于踩踏加速踏板3而输入APS信号时,发动机扭矩超过0Nm,并且换为低于当前挡位的挡位,可以确定满足启动降挡条件。
随后,当满足相应的条件时,在步骤S20时,可以控制分离侧离合器CL2在预定时间X期间跟随发动机扭矩。
然后,在步骤S30中,分离侧离合器的扭矩可以部分减小以增加发动机扭矩,并且因此使发动机转速与接合侧离合器速度同步。
在同步过程中,可以确定分离侧离合器CL2的滑动量是否超过值A,并且在步骤S40中确定这种状态是否在时间B期间得到保持。
作为在步骤S40中的确定结果,当确定分离侧离合器CL2的滑动量超过值A并且该状态在时间B期间得到保持时,可以使用分离侧离合器的扭矩更新分离侧离合器的特性曲线并且在步骤S50中获悉分离侧离合器的特性曲线。
随后,在通过扭矩转移控制而执行接合侧离合器CL1与分离侧离合器CL2的扭矩转移之后,在步骤S60中确定扭矩转移控制是否终止。当确定扭矩转移控制终止时,可以在步骤S70中引起接合侧离合器CL1的滑动。
随后,可以确定接合侧离合器CL1的滑动量通过接合侧离合器CL1的滑动是否超过值C,并且可以在步骤S80中确定该状态是否在时间D期间得到保持。
作为在步骤S80中确定的结果,当接合侧离合器CL1的滑动量超过值C并且该状态在时间D期间得到保持,此时的接合侧离合器的扭矩可以用于更新先前获悉的接合侧离合器的特性曲线,并且可以在步骤S90中获悉更新的扭矩。
如上所述,在启动降挡期间,在根据T-S曲线的一部分获悉干式离合器的特性之后,另外还获悉了T-S曲线的另一部分,由此提前检测到了干式离合器的特性的变化。因此,可以平稳地改变换挡期间的速度并且可以提高换挡品质。
尽管已出于示例性的目的描述了本公开内容的优选实施方式,然而本领域技术人员将认识到的是,在不背离如所附权利要求中公开的公开内容的范围和精神的情况下,各种修改、添加和替代是可能的。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于获悉DCT车辆中的离合器特性的方法,所述方法包括:
换挡条件确定步骤,用于确定是否满足换挡条件;
同步步骤,用于在满足所述换挡条件而开始换挡时,部分地减小分离侧离合器的扭矩,以使得发动机转速与接合侧输入轴的速度同步;
离合器释放确定步骤,用于确定在所述同步步骤中分离侧离合器的滑动量是否超过参考滑动量;以及
分离侧离合器获悉步骤,用于使用所述分离侧离合器的扭矩来更新所述分离侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且用于获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,所述分离侧离合器的扭矩被控制为在所述离合器释放确定步骤中允许所述分离侧离合器的滑动量超过所述参考滑动量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
在所述离合器释放确定步骤中,进一步确定:在预定时间期间是否保持所述分离侧离合器的滑动量超过所述参考滑动量的状态;并且
在所述分离侧离合器获悉步骤中,使用所述分离侧离合器的扭矩来更新所述分离侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,所述分离侧离合器的扭矩被控制为允许在预定时间期间保持所述分离侧离合器的滑动量超过所述参考滑动量的状态。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,在所述换挡条件确定步骤中,响应于踩踏加速踏板而输入APS信号,并且确定是否满足启动降挡条件,在所述启动降挡条件中,需要转换为低于当前挡位的挡位。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述方法进一步包括:
扭矩转移步骤,用于在所述同步步骤之后通过扭矩转移控制释放所述分离侧离合器并接合接合侧离合器,所述扭矩转移控制释放所述分离侧离合器的扭矩并且施加所述接合侧离合器的扭矩;
接合侧离合器滑动步骤,用于在所述扭矩转移步骤之后减小所述接合侧离合器的扭矩以引起所述接合侧离合器的滑动;
离合器滑动确定步骤,用于确定在减小所述接合侧离合器扭矩的过程中所述接合侧离合器的滑动量是否超过参考滑动量;以及
接合侧离合器获悉步骤,用于使用所述接合侧离合器的扭矩来更新所述接合侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且用于获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,所述接合侧离合器的扭矩被控制为在所述离合器滑动确定步骤中允许所述接合侧离合器的滑动量超过所述参考滑动量。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,在所述离合器滑动确定步骤中,进一步确定:在预定时间期间是否保持所述接合侧离合器的滑动量超过所述参考滑动量的状态;并且
在所述接合侧离合器获悉步骤中,使用所述接合侧离合器的扭矩来更新所述接合侧离合器的特性曲线上的离合器扭矩,并且获悉所更新的离合器扭矩,所述接合侧离合器的扭矩被控制为允许在所述预定时间期间保持所述接合侧离合器的滑动量超过所述参考滑动量的状态。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的方法,其中:
通过控制器确定是否满足所述换挡条件;
使用布置在每个输入轴中的输入轴速度传感器测量接合侧输入轴速度和分离侧输入轴速度,从而计算对应的离合器的滑动量;
基于对应的离合器致动器的冲程计算所述接合侧离合器的扭矩和所述分离侧离合器的扭矩;并且
在所述控制器中设置离合器特性曲线,并且使用在所述分离侧离合器获悉步骤中获悉的离合器扭矩来更新所述离合器特性曲线的离合器扭矩,所述离合器特性曲线表示对应的所述离合器致动器的冲程与离合器扭矩之间的关系。
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