CN106696670A - 具有多行星、单马达驱动单元的动力系统 - Google Patents

具有多行星、单马达驱动单元的动力系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106696670A
CN106696670A CN201610966811.6A CN201610966811A CN106696670A CN 106696670 A CN106696670 A CN 106696670A CN 201610966811 A CN201610966811 A CN 201610966811A CN 106696670 A CN106696670 A CN 106696670A
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Prior art keywords
planetary gearsets
component
motor
driver element
dynamical system
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CN201610966811.6A
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CN106696670B (zh
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J·R·利特菲尔德
P·R·加西亚
A·G·霍姆斯
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
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    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/354Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having separate mechanical assemblies for transmitting drive to the front or to the rear wheels or set of wheels
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    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
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    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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    • F16H3/72Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909Gearing
    • Y10S903/91Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y10S903/911Orbital, e.g. planetary gears with two or more gear sets
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/912Drive line clutch
    • Y10S903/914Actuated, e.g. engaged or disengaged by electrical, hydraulic or mechanical means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/916Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with plurality of drive axles

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Abstract

一种动力系统包括输出部件、第一简单行星齿轮组和第二简单行星齿轮组。行星齿轮组各设有第一部件、第二部件和第三部件,这些部件包括太阳齿轮部件、轮架部件、环形齿轮部件。驱动单元包括可作为马达运行、具有转子的单个电机,转子通过连接以与第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮部件同步转动并驱动太阳齿轮部件。互联部件连接第一行星齿轮组的第二部件以与第二行星齿轮组的第一部件同步转动。第一行星齿轮组的第三部件或第二行星齿轮组的第二部件连续地压触到静止部件上或可操作地连接以由发动机来驱动。第二行星齿轮组的第三部件连续可操作地连接至输出部件。

Description

具有多行星、单马达驱动单元的动力系统
技术领域
本发明一般包括一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统。
背景技术
车用混合动力系统在不同的车辆运行条件下采用不同的动力源。通常,机电混合动力系统具有内燃机,例如柴油机或汽油机、一个或多个马达/发电机。不同的运行模式,例如仅发动机运行模式、仅电力运行模式和混合运行模式,都是通过不同的组合接合刹车和/或离合器、控制发动机和马达/发电机来确定的。由于各种运行模式都可用于提高燃料经济性,所以他们都具有优势。但是,混合动力系统所需的附加构件,例如马达/发电机、制动器和/或离合器,会增加总体车辆成本和包装空间要求。
发明内容
本文提供了多行星、单马达驱动单元的各种实施例,其相对紧凑并可设置成作为单轴电力驱动轴驱动轮轴,或者与发动机或其他动力源设在一起以作为多轴动力分配驱动轴结构驱动轮轴。该驱动单元可以为仅以单电机作为动力源的全电力或仅电力驱动器,并且可称为电力轴。动力分配驱动轴结构可另外地或者可替代地用在车辆的一个轮轴上,例如前轮轴,电力驱动轴可用在第二轮轴上,如后轮轴,以形成全轮驱动结构。该驱动单元可配置成模块,其中第一模块用在输入分配驱动轴上,基本相同的第二模块用在电力驱动轴上。通过模块化可以实现生产的规模经济效益。由于该驱动单元采用行星齿轮结构,所以他们比其他齿轮结构更紧凑,例如三轴结构。
一种动力系统可包括驱动单元,其包括输出部件、第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组。第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组都为设有第一部件、第二部件和第三部件的简单的行星齿轮组,这些部件包括太阳齿轮部件、轮架部件、环形齿轮部件。驱动单元包括可作为马达运行、具有转子的单个电机,转子通过连接与第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮部件同步转动并驱动太阳齿轮部件。互联部件连接第一行星齿轮组的第二部件以与第二行星齿轮组的第一部件同步转动。将第一行星齿轮组的第三部件和第二行星齿轮组的第二部件其中之一连续地压触到静止部件上或可操作地连接以由发动机(例如,位于设在输入分配结构的驱动单元中)来驱动。将第二行星齿轮组的第三部件连续可操作地连接到输出部件。各个实施例可包括附加制动器、离合器和/或第三行星齿轮组。
当一个驱动单元作为模块用在与发动机可操作地连接的车辆的第一轮轴上时,另一个驱动单元用在车辆的第二轮轴上,包括全轮驱动运行模式在内的各运行模式可基于所使用的电力驱动单元的具体配置来设定。
下文结合附图和对本发明的最佳实施模式的详细说明,会清晰理解上述本发明的特征及优点和其他特征及优点。
附图说明
图1是一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统的以水平图形式示出的示意图。
图2是图1所示包括控制系统的动力系统的以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图3是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统的以水平图形式示出的示意图。
图4是图3所示包括控制系统的动力系统的以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图5是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统的以水平图形式示出的示意图。
图6是图5所示包括控制系统的动力系统的一种实施例以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图7是图5所示包括控制系统的动力系统的另一种实施例以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图8是一种动力系统的以符号图形式示出的示意图,其包括电力驱动单元、控制系统和可操作地连接至电力驱动单元的发动机。
图9是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统的以水平图形式示出的示意图。
图10是图9所示包括控制系统的动力系统的一种实施例以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图11是图9所示包括控制系统的动力系统的另一种实施例以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图12是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统的以水平图形式示出的示意图。
图13是图12所示包括控制系统的动力系统的一种实施例以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图14是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统的以水平图形式示出的示意图。
图15是图14所示包括控制系统的动力系统的一种实施例以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图16是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统的以水平图形式示出的示意图。
图17是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种具有电力驱动单元的动力系统的以水平图形式示出的示意图。
图18是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种具有电力驱动单元并包括控制系统的动力系统的一种实施例以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图19是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种动力系统的以符号图形式示出的示意图,其包括电力驱动单元、控制系统和可操作地连接至电力驱动单元的发动机。
图20是根据本发明替代方面所述的具有电力驱动单元并包括控制系统的动力系统的一种实施例以符号图形式示出的示意图。
图21是根据本发明替代方面所述的一种动力系统的以符号图形式示出的示意图,其包括电力驱动单元、控制系统和可操作地连接至电力驱动单元的发动机。
图22是一种车辆的示意图,其具有图8所示的可运行以驱动第一轮轴的动力系统和可运行以驱动第二轮轴的单独电力驱动单元。
图23是一种车辆的示意图,其具有图19所示的可运行以驱动第一轮轴的动力系统和图18所示的可运行以驱动第二轮轴的电力驱动单元。
图24是一种车辆的示意图,其具有图21所示的可运行以驱动第一轮轴的动力系统和图20所示的可运行以驱动第二轮轴的电力驱动单元。
具体实施方式
参见附图,其中所有图中相同的参考数字表示相同的构件,图1示出了一种动力系统10,例如车辆。该动力系统10包括电力驱动单元12。该电力驱动单元12仅包括可配置成用作马达运行、还可配置成用作发动机运行的单个电机14。
该电力驱动单元12还包括图1以水平形式示出的第一行星齿轮组20和第二行星齿轮组30。第一行星齿轮组20和第二行星齿轮组30都是简单的行星齿轮组。行星齿轮组20设有第一部件22、第二部件26、第三部件24,包括太阳齿轮部件、环形齿轮部件、轮架部件。例如,在图2所示的实施例中,第一部件22为太阳齿轮部件,第二部件26为轮架部件,第三部件24为环形齿轮部件。参见图2,数个小齿轮27可转动地支撑在轮架部件26上,并与第一部件(太阳齿轮部件22)和第三部件(环形齿轮部件34)啮合。
第二行星齿轮组30包括第一部件32、第二部件34、第三部件36。在图2所示的实施例中,第一部件32为太阳齿轮部件,第二部件34为环形齿轮部件,第三部件36为轮架部件。参见图2,数个小齿轮37可转动地支撑在轮架部件36上,并与第一部件(太阳齿轮部件32)和第二部件(环形齿轮部件34)啮合。
图2放大详细地示出了电机14。电机14具有通过连接以与第一行星齿轮组20的太阳齿轮部件22同步旋转并经由转子轮毂15和套轴17驱动太阳齿轮部件22的转子16。电机14还包括定子18,其径向围绕转子16并被压触到静止部件41上,例如压触到第一电机14的马达外壳上或不同的静止部件上。
电机14的定子18设有可操作地连接至储能装置50的电气绕组,储能装置可以为图2中B所示的一个或多个电池。其他能够储存并分配电能的储能装置可代替电池。图2中C所示的控制器52可操作地连接至电机14并监测转子16的速度。控制器52还接收有关其他车辆运行条件的信息,例如驾驶员油门指令,可操作控制器52以使储能装置50通过图2中I所示的功率变换器54为电机14提供电能,使电机14作为马达运行,将扭矩增加至太阳齿轮部件22。当为电机14供电时,功率变换器54将储能装置50的直流电转化成交流电。图1中未示出储能装置50、控制器52和功率变换器54。
如果控制器52所接收的信息表明电机14应作为发动机运行,那么将机械能转化成电能,可操作控制器52以使功率变换器54将电机14提供的交流电转化成直流电,储存在储能装置50中。图2中连接电机14、储能装置50、控制器52、功率变换器54和定子18定子绕组的直线表示用于发送构件间电流或信号的传递导线。
电力驱动单元12还包括互联部件60,其连接第一行星齿轮组20的第二部件26以与第二行星齿轮组30的第一部件32同步转动。如文中所使用的,“互联部件”可以为单个硬质可转动构件,例如轴,或者可具有一个或多个一起同步转动的互联部,例如毂部和轴部。将第二行星齿轮组30的第二部件34连续地压触到静止部件41上,该静止部件可以为定子18被压触到其上的静止部件或不同的静止部件。静止部件指的是文中参考部件41、可以表示给定实施例中的相同或不同的静止部件。正如文中所使用的,“静止部件”指的是固定不动以便在动力系统运行时不会转动的部件。电力驱动单元12还具有输出部件62。第二行星齿轮组30的第三部件36连续可操作地连接至输出部件62。如文中所使用的,当不需要接合可选择地接合的离合器或制动器以使各部件相互连接并同步转动时,一个部件是“连续可操作地”连接至另一部件。如文中所使用的,当两个构件可操作地相互连接时,两者“同步转动”,这样他们会以相同的速度转动,包括零速(即当他们在一起静止时)。
输出部件62驱动被配置成将扭矩分配至驱动轴A的差速器64。驱动轴A包括两个分开的轴部,尽管轴部的长度可以不同,但他们各称为第一半轴A1和第二半轴A2。差速器64确定驱动轴A的速度为其两个分开半轴A1和A2的速度的平均值。图2中未示出的车轮连接至半轴A1和A2并且可在半轴A1和A2上转动。半轴A1和A2沿着转动轴线66延伸并围绕转动轴线66转动。输出部件62、电机14和行星齿轮组20、30都与半轴A1和A2是关于转动轴线66同中心的,输出部件62可操作地连接至半轴A1和A2,这样电机14通过行星齿轮组20、30驱动半轴A1和A2。
第一制动器B1可选择性地接合以使第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件24压触到静止部件41上。第三行星齿轮组30的第二部件34连续压触到静止部件41上。因此,环形齿轮部件34是连续静止的。当根据预定的车辆运行条件接收到控制器52或图中未示但可操作地连接至控制器52的不同控制器的控制信号时,制动器B1接合时环形齿轮部件24是选择性静止的。当制动器B1未接合时,动力系统10处于空档状态。当制动器B1接合时,如果电机14是作为马达运行来通过行星齿轮组20、30驱动轮轴A或是作为发电机运行来减速轮轴A,那么动力系统10就处于驱动状态下。考虑到轮架部件26的速度会受到轮轴A速度的影响(其可为静止的或转动的),可以通过控制器52控制电机14的速度来协调从空档状态到驱动状态的过渡,这样转子16可使环形齿轮部件24的速度减至零。或者,制动器B1的接合或脱离可以为空档状态与驱动状态间的“动力换挡”。如文中所使用的,“动力换挡”指的是接合期间正接合的制动器或离合器(这里指制动器B1)滑动并承受扭矩。例如,在动力换挡期间制动器B1接合时,环形齿轮部件24的速度并不为零速。例如,如果制动器B1为控制良好的电能离合器或可选的单向离合器,那么制动器B1的接合可为动力换挡。
图3示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12A的动力系统10A的替代性实施例。动力系统10A设有多个与动力系统10相同的构件。第一制动器B1可选择性地接合以使第二行星齿轮组30的第二部件34压触到静止部件41上。第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件34连续压触到静止部件41上。图4示出了具有一种电力驱动单元12A1的动力系统10A,其为图3所述具有电力驱动单元12A的动力系统10A的一种特殊实施例。动力系统10A称为输出齿轮组动力系统的空挡制动器。
图5示出了具有电力驱动单元12B的动力系统10B的一种替代性实施例。动力系统10B具有多个与动力系统10相同的构件。第一制动器B1可选择性地接合以使第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件24压触到静止部件41上。第二行星齿轮组30的第三部件34连续地压触到静止部件41上。离合器C1可选择性地接合,将第一行星齿轮组20的第一部件22(例如,太阳齿轮部件22)连接以与第二行星齿轮组30的第一部件32(例如,太阳齿轮部件32)同步转动。
图6示出了电力驱动单元12B1的动力系统10B的第一实施例10B1,其为图5所示电力驱动单元12B的第一实施例。第二行星齿轮组30的轮架部件36可转动地支撑第一组小齿轮37。图7示出了具有电力驱动单元12B2的动力系统10B的第二实施例10B2,其为图5所示电力驱动单元12B的第二实施例。轮架部件36可转动地支撑第一组阶梯式小齿轮37A。阶梯式小齿轮37A具有较大直径齿轮的第一部37B和较小直径齿轮的第二部37C。换言之,第二部37C的直径小于第一部37B的直径。阶梯式小齿轮37A使从太阳齿轮部件32到轮架部件36的扭矩放大倍数比小齿轮37更大。
文中所示实施例仅具有一个单个制动器和单个离合器,例如图5所示的制动器B1和离合器C1,该实施例可称为双速P4实施例或双速电力轴。例如,动力系统10B可以以不同的速率比使用,以驱动仅由电机14供电的轮轴A。当控制电机14作为马达运行且仅制动器B1接合时,形成第一档(即第一仅电力模式),当制动器B1和离合器C1都没有接合时,形成空档状态,当控制电机14作为马达运行且仅离合器C1接合时,形成第二档(即第二仅电力模式)。在第一档时,行星齿轮组20、30都发挥作用减低速度、增加扭矩。在空档时,没有扭矩从电机14传递到输出部件62。在第二档时,由于第一行星齿轮组20是被锁定以与电机14转子相同的速度转动的,所以第一行星齿轮组20不运行。因此,在第二档时,仅有第二行星齿轮组30运行以增加扭矩、减低速度。比起在第一档时,在第二档时输出部件62处的速度高于电机14的给定速度。因此,第一档可称为低速档,第二档可称为高度档。
当制动器B1和离合器C1都没有接合时,可通过中断对输出部件62的供电、借助空档状态协调从第一档至第二档的过渡(即改变电机14的速度,使轮架部件26的速度与太阳齿轮部件22的速度相同)。或者,从第一档至第二档的切换可以为动力换挡(换挡时制动器B1可以脱离,同时离合器C1可以接合),和/或离合器C1可以在轮架部件26与太阳齿轮部件22间存在速度差的同时接合。动力换挡时,离合器C1应为电能离合器(即,能够处理并承受滑移的离合器),制动器B1应为电力离合器或可选的单向离合器。
图8示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12C的动力系统10C,其具有数个与动力系统10和电力驱动单元12相同的构件。第一制动器B1可选择性地接合使第二行星齿轮组30的第二部件34压触到静止部件41上。离合器C1可选择性地接合,通过互联部件60将第一行星齿轮组20的太阳齿轮部件22连接至轮架部件26和第二行星齿轮组30的太阳齿轮部件32。图8放大详细地示出了差速器64。小齿轮67与设置成与第一、第二轮轴部A1、A2一起转动的侧齿轮68啮合。
第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件,即环形齿轮部件24,可操作地连接以由发动机70来驱动。图示的发动机70设有多个气缸71、可具有2、3、4、6、8或其他数字标示的任意结构的气缸71。更具体地,环形齿轮部件24通过链条72连接至外齿轮,例如,环形齿轮74,其通过连接以与发动机70曲轴76一起转动。扭力阻尼器78和飞轮80也和曲轴76一起转动。通过第二制动器B2将曲轴76上的轮毂82可选择性地压触到静止部件41上,以保持曲轴76静止,从而保持环形齿轮部件24静止。
电力驱动单元12C设在具有图8所示发动机70的输入分配结构中。在图22中,图8所示驱动单元12C和图6所示驱动单元12B1是组合在车辆100的全轮驱动动力系统110中。动力系统110包括围绕第一轮轴A同中心地设置并驱动第一轮轴A的第一驱动单元12C,如所示输入分配结构中的前轮轴。驱动单元12B1围绕第二轮轴B同中心地设置、并驱动第二轮轴B,如围绕转动轴线166、作为电力驱动轴的后轮轴。第二轮轴B具有第一、第二半轴B1、B2,该半轴伸出与图5所示差速器64相同的差速器64来代替半轴A1、A2。前轮69A由前轮轴A驱动,后轮69B由后轮轴B驱动。在第一驱动单元12C中,14A表示电机,在第一驱动单元12B1中,14B表示电机。如图所示,控制器52和变换器54都设置成连接至两个电机14A、14B定子18的马达-控制器功率-变换器模块。还可使用两套单独的控制器52和变换器54。控制器52也可操作地连接至驱动单元12B1、12C的制动器B1,如图所示的虚线连接,并连接至驱动单元12C的制动器B2(附图中未清晰示出连接)。可选地,马达-控制器功率-变换器模块可还包括升压变换器以将储能装置50提供的直流电压从第一级提高(即增加)至更高级别。
动力系统110中使用的驱动单元12B、12C共用大部分他们共有的部件,并且可生产成包含所有共有部件的模块。因此,动力系统110可视为模块系统,其具有各设在驱动轴上的两个模块。另外,驱动单元12C可单独在未设发动机的仅电力车辆中使用,并且仅使用电池50作为电源或者也可选择使用燃料电池。
可控制动力系统110在关闭发动机70的情况下以输入动力分配运行模式发挥作用,并控制电机14A作为马达或发电机运行的情况下驱动前轮轴A。电机14B可作为马达运行以与电机14A一起提供输入分配全轮驱动运行模式,和/或作为储能装置50为电机14B供电。可控制电机14B在输入动力分配全轮驱动运行模式下作为马达运行,以驱动使用电机14A或储能装置50提供的电能的第二轮轴B。在输入动力分配运行模式期间,B1接合,而B2未接合。也可控制电机14B作为马达在发动机70和电机14A关闭的情况下以仅电力运行模式运行,这样仅驱动轮轴B得以驱动。电力驱动单元12B1的制动器B1可以在发动机关闭的情况下以电力驱动运行模式接合。
在发动机70启动模式下,驱动单元12C的输出环制动器B1和锁止离合器C1接合,电机14A作为马达运行以启动发动机70。在一系列混合运行模式下,驱动单元12C的输出环制动器B1和锁止离合器C1接合,开启发动机70,电机14A作为发电机运行以便为电池50和/或可作为马达运行以驱动轮轴B的电机14B供电。在并联混合运行模式下,驱动单元12C的锁止离合器C1接合,开启发动机70,电机14A作为马达运行以驱动轮轴A与发动机70并联。在此期间,可控制电机14B作为马达运行以驱动第二轮轴B与驱动单元12B1的制动器B1接合,所以并联混合运行模式为并联混合全轮驱动运行模式。更进一步,可控制电机14A作为马达运行以与电力驱动单元12C的制动器B1、B2接合,使得电机14A可以在发动机70关闭的情况下独自驱动轮轴A。
图9示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12D的动力系统10D的替代性实施例,其为另一种双速P4结构。动力系统10D设有与图1所示动力系统10相同的构件,但增加有可选择性地接合来连接第一行星齿轮组20的第二部件26(例如,轮架部件)以与第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件24(例如,环形齿轮部件)同步连接的离合器C2。图10示出了具有电力驱动单元12D1的动力系统10D的第一实施例10D1,其为图9所示电力驱动单元12D的第一实施例,在此实施例中,第二行星齿轮组30的轮架部件36可转动地支撑第一套小齿轮37。图11示出了具有电力驱动单元12D2的动力系统10B的第二实施例10D2,其为图9所示电力驱动单元12D的第二实施例,在此实施例中,轮架部件36可转动地支撑第一套阶梯式小齿轮37A。阶梯式小齿轮37A具有较大直径齿轮的第一部37B和较小直径齿轮的第二部37C。换言之,第二部37C的直径小于第一部37B的直径。阶梯式小齿轮37A使从太阳齿轮部件32到轮架部件36的扭矩放大倍数比小齿轮37更大。
当控制电机14作为马达运行且当仅制动器B1接合时,动力系统10D(和其实施例10D1、10D2)可在第一档运行,当制动器B1和离合器C2都没有接合时,动力系统10D可在空档运行,当控制电机14作为马达运行且仅离合器C2接合时,动力系统10D可在第二档运行。在第一档时,两行星齿轮组都发挥作用减低速度、增加扭矩。在空档时,没有扭矩从电机14传递到输出部件62。在第二档时,由于第一行星齿轮组20是被锁定以与电机14转子相同的速度转动的,所以第一行星齿轮组20不运行。因此,在第二档时,仅有第二行星齿轮组30运行以增加扭矩、减低速度。比起在第一档时,在第二档时输出部件62处的速度高于电机14的给定速度。因此,第一档可称为低速档,第二档可称为高度档。
图12示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12E的动力系统10E的替代性实施例,其为另一种双速P4结构。图13以符号图形式示出了具有电力驱动单元12E1的动力系统10E的一种实施例10E1,其为图12所示电力驱动单元12E的第一实施例动力系统10E具有许多与动力系统10相同的构件。第一行星齿轮组20的第一部件为太阳齿轮部件22,第二部件为环形齿轮部件24,第三部件为轮架部件26。第二行星齿轮组30的第一部件为太阳齿轮部件32,第二部件为轮架部件36,第三部件为环形齿轮部件34。制动器B1可选择性地接合以将轮架部件26压触到静止部件41上。
离合器C2可选择性地接合来连接轮架部件26以与环形齿轮部件24一起同步转动。互联部件61可选择性地接合,来连接环形齿轮部件24以与太阳齿轮部件32一起同步转动。离合器C2接合会使整个行星齿轮组20以相同的速度转动,而且由于互联部件61,还会使太阳齿轮部件32以相同的速度转动。轮架部件36连续地压触到静止部件41上。
附加的简单行星齿轮组40也包括在动力系统10E中。相对于图13所述动力系统10E1,行星齿轮组20、30、40和电机14都是围绕转动轴线66同心的。行星齿轮组40设有第一部件42、第二部件46、第三部件44,包括太阳齿轮部件、轮架部件和环形齿轮部件。例如,在图13所示的实施例中,第一部件42为太阳齿轮部件,第二部件46为轮架部件,第三部件44为环形齿轮部件。参见图13,数个小齿轮47可转动地由轮架部件46支撑以便转动,并与第一部件(太阳齿轮部件42)和第三部件(环形齿轮部件44)啮合。环形齿轮部件44连续地压触到静止部件41上。附加的互联部件63连续地将第二行星齿轮组30的第三部件34连接至第三行星齿轮组40的第一部件42。输出部件62连续地连接至第三行星齿轮组40的第二部件(轮架部件46)。通过互联部件63,输出部件62连续可操作地连接至第二行星齿轮组30的第三部件(环形齿轮部件34),并以第三行星齿轮组40确定的速度相对于第三部件34转动。
动力系统10E及其实施例10E1可在如参考动力系统10D所述相同的状态下运行:当控制电机14作为马达运行且仅制动器B1接合时,可在第一档下运行,当制动器B1和离合器C2都没有接合时,可在空档下运行,当控制电机14作为马达运行且仅离合器C2接合时,可在第二档下运行。与仅具有两套行星齿轮组的实施例相比,附加的第三行星齿轮组40使电机14与输出部件62间依据环形齿轮部件44与太阳齿轮部件42之比所确定的降速和扭矩放大倍数得以增加。
图14示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12F的动力系统10F的替代性实施例,其为另一种双速P4结构。图15以符号图形式示出了具有电力驱动单元12F1的动力系统10F的一种实施例10F1,其为图14所示电力驱动单元12F的第一实施例。动力系统10F具有多个与动力系统10相同的构件。第一制动器B1可选择性地接合使第二行星齿轮组30的第二部件34(即环形齿轮部件)压触到静止部件41上。第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件24(即环形齿轮部件24)连续地压触到静止部件41上。离合器C1可选择性地接合来连接互联部件60以与第二行星齿轮组30的第二部件34(即环形齿轮部件34)同步转动,从而使整个行星齿轮组30和输出部件62以与轮架部件26相同的速度转动。在动力系统10F的第一实施例中10F1,第二行星齿轮组30的轮架部件26可转动地支撑第一套小齿轮37。
图16示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12G的动力系统10G的替代性实施例,其为另一种双速P4结构。动力系统10G具有许多与动力系统10相同的构件。行星齿轮组20的第一部件为太阳齿轮部件22,第二部件为环形齿轮部件24,第三部件为轮架部件26。行星齿轮组30的第一部件为太阳齿轮部件32,第二部件为环形齿轮部件34,第三部件为轮架部件36。互联部件61连续地连接环形齿轮部件24以与太阳齿轮部件32同步转动。制动器B1可选择性地接合,以将第二行星齿轮组30的第二部件34(即环形齿轮部件)压触到静止部件41上。第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件26(即轮架部件36)连续地压触到静止部件41上。离合器C1可选择性地接合来连接互联部件61以与第二行星齿轮组30的第二部件(即环形齿轮部件34)同步转动,从而使整个行星齿轮组30和输出部件62以与环形部件24相同的速度转动。
当连续地压触轮架部件26时,第一行星齿轮组20为固定比率齿轮组。当压触轮架部件26时,消除了施加到由轮架部件26可转动地支撑的小齿轮(与图2所示的小齿轮27相同)上的离心力。
图17示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12H的动力系统10H的替代性实施例,其为另一种双速P4结构。除省略的离合器C1外,动力系统10H具有多个与图16所示动力系统10G相同的构件。因此,动力系统10H并不是双速结构、但在输出齿轮组上设有空挡制动器(即行星齿轮组30)。换言之,当制动器B1未接合时,电力驱动单元12H处于空档状态下,并根据所确定的环形齿轮部件和第一、第二行星齿轮组20、30太阳齿轮齿比率的速率比,进行从电机14到输出部件62的扭矩传递。如参考图2实施例所述的,考虑到轮架部件36(其可为静止的或转动的)的速度,可以通过控制器52控制电机14的速度来协调从空档状态到驱动状态的过渡,这样转子16可使环形齿轮部件34的速度减至零。或者,制动器B1的接合或脱离可以为空档状态与驱动状态间的“动力换挡”。这意味着环形齿轮部件34在制动器B1接合时并非处于零速。例如,如果制动器B1为控制良好的电能离合器或可选的单向离合器,那么制动器B1的接合可为动力换挡。
图18示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12I的动力系统10I的替代性实施例,其为另一种双速P4结构。除了附加的可选择性地接合制动器B3外,动力系统10I还设有多个与图3所示动力系统10A和图4所示动力系统10A1相同的构件,制动器B3可选择性地压触互联部件60,从而使轮架部件26和太阳齿轮部件32压触到静止部件41上。制动器B3可接合以防电机14转动,并且当制动器B1也接合时,制动器B3接合以防轮轴A转动(即提供停车制动)。
图19示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12J的动力系统10J,电力驱动单元12J与图18所示电力驱动单元12I相似,但第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件24可操作地连接以由参考图8所述输入分配结构中的发动机70来驱动。
在图23中,驱动单元12I、12J都组合在车辆200的全轮驱动动力系统210中。动力系统210包括围绕第一轮轴A同中心地设置的并驱动第一轮轴A的第一驱动单元12J,如所示的前轮轴。驱动单元10I围绕第二轮轴B同中心地设置、并驱动第二轮轴B,如所示的后轮轴。如参考图22所述的,14A表示驱动单元12J的电机,14B表示驱动单元12I的电机。动力系统110中使用的驱动单元12I、12J共用大部分他们共有的部件,并且可生产成包含所有共有部件的模块。因此,动力系统210可视为模块系统,其具有各设在驱动轴上的两个模块。另外,驱动单元12I可单独在未设发动机的仅电力车辆中使用,并且仅使用电池50作为电源或者也可选择使用燃料电池。
可控制动力系统210在关闭发动机70的情况下以输入动力分配运行模式发挥作用,并控制电机14A作为马达或发电机运行的情况下驱动前轮轴A。电机14B可作为马达运行以与电机14A一起提供输入分配全轮驱动运行模式,和/或作为储能装置50为电机14B供电。在输入分配全轮驱动运行模式下,两个制动器B1都接合,制动器B2、B3未接合。也可控制电机14B作为马达在发动机70和电机14A关闭的情况下以在仅电力运行模式运行,这样仅驱动轮轴B得以驱动,电力驱动模块12I的制动器B1接合。制动器B2可以在发动机70关闭的情况下接合,电力驱动模块12J的制动器B1也在电机14A作为马达以电力驱动运行模式运行的情况下接合。
在发动机70启动模式下,驱动单元12J的轮架制动器B3接合,电机14A作为马达运行以启动发动机70。在串联混合运行模式下,驱动单元12J的制动器B1未接合,制动器B3接合,开启发动机70,电机14A作为发电机运行以便为电池50和/或电机14B供电,电机14B可作为马达运行以驱动轮轴B或可以在仅对电池50供电的情况下关闭。
图20示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12K的动力系统10K的替代性实施例,其不包括离合器或制动器。动力系统10K具有许多与动力系统10相同的构件。第一行星齿轮组20的第一部件为太阳齿轮部件22,第二部件为轮架部件26,第三部件为环形齿轮部件24。第二行星齿轮组30的第一部件为太阳齿轮部件32,第二部件为环形齿轮部件34,第三部件为轮架部件36。互联部件60连续地连接轮架部件26以与太阳齿轮部件32一起同步转动。第一行星齿轮组20的第三部件(即环形齿轮部件24)连续地压触到静止部件41上。第二行星齿轮组30的第三部件(即环形齿轮部件34)连续地压触到静止部件41上。电力驱动单元12K仅提供一个基于行星齿轮组20、30各环形齿轮部件与太阳齿轮部件的比率而确定的速率比。
图21示出了一种具有电力驱动单元12L的动力系统10L的替代性实施例,除通过链条72连接至参考图8所述输入分配结构中发动机70的环形齿轮部件24外,其还包括与电力驱动单元12K相同的构件。电力驱动单元12L的特点是未设任何离合器和制动器。为启动发动机70,设置启动马达90。在图24中,驱动单元12K、12L都组合在车辆300的全轮驱动动力系统310中。动力系统310包括围绕第一轮轴A同中心地设置的并驱动第一轮轴A的第一驱动单元12L,如所示的前轮轴。驱动单元12K围绕第二轮轴B同中心地设置、并驱动第二轮轴B,如所示的后轮轴。如参考图22所述,14A表示驱动单元12L的电机,14B表示驱动单元12K的电机。动力系统310中使用的驱动单元12L、12K共用大部分他们共有的部件,并且可生产成包含所有共有部件的模块。因此,动力系统310可视为模块系统,其具有各设在驱动轴上的两个模块。另外,驱动单元12IK可在未设发动机70的车辆中单独使用以驱动轮轴,并且仅使用电池50作为电源或者也可选择使用燃料电池。
驱动单元12L可在发动机70关闭的情况下在驱动环形齿轮24的第一驱动轮轴A处提供输入动力分配运行模式,电机14A作为马达运行以驱动太阳齿轮部件22或作为发电机为储能装置50和/或电机14B提供电力。电机14B可以在驱动单元12L的输入分配运行模式下关闭,或可作为由储能装置50和/或电机14A供电的马达运行以确定输入分配全轮驱动运行模式。另外,驱动单元12K可以在仅电力驱动运行模式下单独使用,在此模式下,仅驱动轮轴B,发动70和电机14A都被关闭。
尽管本文已对本发明许多方面的最佳实施方式进行了详细说明,但熟悉本发明相关领域的技术人员会了解本发明的落入所附权利要求书范围内的各种实践替代方面。

Claims (10)

1.一种动力系统,包括:
输出部件;
第一行星齿轮组;
第二行星齿轮组;其中,所述第一行星齿轮组和所述第二行星齿轮组都是设有第一部件、第二部件、第三部件的简单的行星齿轮组,这些部件包括太阳齿轮部件、轮架部件、环形齿轮部件;
单个电机,其可作为马达运行并设有通过连接以与所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮部件同步转动的马达;
互联部件,其连接所述第一行星齿轮组的第二部件以与所述第二行星齿轮组的第一部件同步转动;
其中,所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件和所述第二行星齿轮组的第二部件其中之一连续地压触到静止部件上或可操作地连接以由发动机来驱动;和
其中,所述第二行星齿轮组的第三部件连续可操作地连接至所述输出部件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括:
第一制动器,其可选择地接合以压触到静止部件上,所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件和所述第二行星齿轮组的第二部件其中之一并未连续地压触到所述静止部件上或可操作地连接以由所述发动机来驱动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的动力系统,其中,当所述第一制动器接合时,所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件被压触到所述静止部件上;并且还包括:
离合器,其可选择性地接合以连接所述第一行星齿轮组的第二部件以便与所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件同步转动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括:
离合器,其可选择性地接合以连接所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮部件以便与所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮部件同步转动。
5.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,其中所述第二行星齿轮组包括通过支撑而在所述第二行星齿轮组轮架部件上转动的阶梯式小齿轮。
6.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括:
轮轴,其包括沿着转动轴线延伸的第一半轴和第二半轴;和
其中,所述输出部件、所述电机和所述行星齿轮组都与所述半轴同中心,所述输出部件可操作地连接至所述半轴,这样所述电机通过所述行星齿轮组驱动所述半轴。
7.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括:
发动机;其中,所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件为所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮部件,并且可操作地连接至所述发动机以由发动机来驱动。
8.根据权利要求1所述的动力系统,还包括:
第一轮轴;平行于所述第一轮轴并与所述第一轮轴间隔开的第二轮轴;
其中,所述第一行星齿轮组、所述第二行星齿轮组、所述电机和所述互联部件设成第一驱动单元,所述第一驱动单元与可操作地连接至所述第一轮轴的输出部件关于所述第一轮轴同中心;并且还包括:
发动机;其中,所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件为所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮部件,并且可操作地连接至所述发动机以由发动机来驱动;
第二驱动单元,其包括
输出部件;
第一行星齿轮组;
第二行星齿轮组;其中,所述第二驱动单元的第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组都是设有第一部件、第二部件、第三部件的简单的行星齿轮组,这些部件包括太阳齿轮部件、轮架部件、环形齿轮部件;
单个电机,其可作为马达运行并设有通过连接以与所述第二驱动单元第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮部件同步转动的马达;
互联部件,其连接所述第一行星齿轮组的第二部件以与所述第二驱动单元第二行星齿轮组的第一部件同步转动;
其中,所述第二驱动单元第一行星齿轮组的第三部件和所述第二驱动单元第二行星齿轮组的第二部件其中之一连续地压触到所述静止部件上;
其中,所述第二行星齿轮组的第三部件连续可操作地连接至所述第二驱动单元的输出部件;和
其中,所述第二驱动单元的所述第一行星齿轮组、所述第二行星齿轮组、所述电机和所述互联部件都与可操作地连接至所述第二轮轴的所述第二驱动单元的的输出部件关于所述第二轮轴同中心地设置。
9.一种车辆,包括:
动力系统,包括至少一个模块驱动单元,其具有:
输出部件;
第一行星齿轮组;
第二行星齿轮组;其中,所述第一行星齿轮组和所述第二行星齿轮组都是设有第一部件、第二部件、第三部件的简单的行星齿轮组,这些部件包括太阳齿轮部件、轮架部件、环形齿轮部件;
单个电机,其可作为马达运行并设有通过连接以与所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮部件同步转动的马达;
互联部件,连接所述第一行星齿轮组的第二部件以与所述第二行星齿轮组的第一部件同步转动;
其中,所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件和所述第二行星齿轮组的第二部件其中之一连续地压触到静止部件上或可操作地连接以由发动机来驱动;
其中,所述第二行星齿轮组的第三部件连续可操作地连接至所述输出部件;和
其中,通过将所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件和所述第二行星齿轮组的第二部件其中之一连续地压触到所述静止部件,
把驱动单元配置成仅电力驱动单元;和
通过将所述第一行星齿轮组的第三部件和所述第二行星齿轮组的第二部件其中之一可操作地连接至所述发动机,
把驱动单元配置成输入动力分配驱动单元。
10.根据权利要求9所述的动力系统,还包括:
第一驱动轴;
第二驱动轴,其平行于所述第一驱动轴并与所述第一驱动轴间隔开;
其中,所述至少一个模块驱动单元包括:
第一模块驱动单元,其配置成可操作地连接至所述第一驱动轴的输入动力分配驱动单元;和
第二模块驱动单元,其配置成可操作地连接至所述第二驱动轴的仅电力驱动单元。
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