CN106694606A - Manufacturing method for large-diameter austenitic stainless steel thick-wall pipe - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for large-diameter austenitic stainless steel thick-wall pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN106694606A CN106694606A CN201611220958.7A CN201611220958A CN106694606A CN 106694606 A CN106694606 A CN 106694606A CN 201611220958 A CN201611220958 A CN 201611220958A CN 106694606 A CN106694606 A CN 106694606A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/78—Control of tube rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
- C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a manufacturing method for a large-diameter austenitic stainless steel thick-wall pipe, and belongs to the technical field of stainless steel machining. The manufacturing method includes the steps of integration of an electric furnace, AOD and centrifugal casting, hot rolling, homogenized heat treatment, primary cold rolling, structure regulation heat treatment, finished pipe cold rolling, solid solution heat treatment and the like. A large-wall-thickness centrifugal casting hollow pipe blank is used as a billet pipe, so that the manufacturing procedure of a billet pipe is omitted, and the yield is increased. The uniformity of the structure and performance in the pipe wall thickness direction is improved through high-temperature homogenized heat treatment of the hot-rolled pipe blank, and the deformation uniformity in the wall thickness direction in the follow-up cold rolling deformation process is improved. Through structure regulation annealing heat treatment and the pinning effect of the second phase, the cold-rolled pipe blank with the uniform and fine grain structure is obtained, so that the large-diameter thick-wall finished pipe with the grain size being higher than the 4.0 level is obtained. Furthermore, the finished pipe is rolled through a superlarge-diameter roller, the better uniform deformation in the wall thickness direction is achieved, and thus the large-diameter thick-wall finished pipe with the grain size being higher than the 5.0 level is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel pipe manufacturing technology field, more particularly to a kind of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube
Manufacture.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel is wide due to good mechanical property, decay resistance and cold and hot working performance, having obtained
General application.For diameter in more than 300mm, wall thickness more than 30mm austenitic stainless steel heavy caliber thick wall tubing, at present
It is general to be fabricated using solid (hollow) bar stock of forging+mach method, because its amount of machining is big, cause its lumber recovery
The low, production cycle is long, high cost.Using centrifugation strand+hot rolling technology production austenitic stainless steel large-diameter pipe, due to life
Produce the characteristics of operation is simple, and lumber recovery is high and be widely used.But due to the deformation of current Pilger Hot Rolling Mill
Feature determines its tube wall thickness in below 60mm, more than 60mm after, easily outer surface produce fold and cracking defect, be
The good grain structure of acquisition and mechanical property, its hot rolling deformation ratio should be not less than 3：1, therefore centrifugation strand+hot rolling technology
It is only applicable to produce large-caliber thin-walled tubing of the wall thickness no more than 20mm.When the large-sized heavy-wall tube of more than 30mm is produced, very
Hardly possible obtains more than 3.0 grain structure, particularly thick grain structure easily occurs in tube wall core.It is cold rolling using heavy caliber
Unit produces austenitic stainless steel large-diameter pipe, due to surface quality and the characteristics of dimensional accuracy high, starting in recent years
The application arrived, but because austenitic stainless steel cold deformation drag is big, therefore the cold rolling tubing of large-diameter pipe cold rolling reduction one
As be no more than 30%, the grain size of finished product tubing is typically difficult more than 4.0 grades, especially for thick-walled pipe for, due to deformation
Amount is inadequate, and coarse grain is easily produced in tube wall core.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube, both avoided and adopted
With the lumber recovery for forging solid (hollow) bar stock+machine-tooled method is low, the defect such as the production cycle is long, cost is high, list is solved again
Pure use Pilger Hot Rolling Mill or merely the austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube of use heavy caliber cold mill complex production
The thick problem of crystallite dimension.Using manufacture method of the invention produce and process large-sized heavy-wall tube (diameter 300mm~
500mm, 30~60mm of wall thickness) grain size can reach more than 4.0 grades, can further reach more than 5.0 grades.
The manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-caliber stainless steel of the invention, comprises the following steps that：
(1) electric furnace+AOD furnace or other method melting molten steel are used；
(2) using centrifugal casting casting hollow bloom, the wall thickness control of hollow bloom is between 100~150mm；
(3) hollow bloom carries out hot rolling after reconditioning using Pilger Hot Rolling Mill, and wall thickness reduction amount is controlled in 50-60mm
Between, the wall thickness control of hot-rolled tube billet is between 45~80mm；
(4) hot-rolled tube billet carries out homogenization heat treatment between 1150-1250 DEG C；
(5) hot rolling tubing carries out cold rolling, its cold rolling reduction control using heavy caliber cold mill complex after homogenization heat treatment
Between 20~30%；
(6) cold rolling pipe carries out tissue modulation annealing heat-treats at 870-1000 DEG C；
(7) cold rolling pipe carries out secondary cold-rolling using heavy caliber cold mill complex after annealing, and its cold rolling reduction is controlled 20
Between~30%；
(8) cold rolling heavy caliber thick wall tubing carries out finished product solution heat treatment between 1000-1150 DEG C；
(9) oxide skin of the cold rolling large-sized heavy-wall tube of solid solution state is removed.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improvement：
Further, the roller diameter in step (7) is controlled between 700~1200mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Using the centrifugal casting hollow bloom of big wall thickness as hollow forging, hollow forging is reduced
Manufacturing process, improves lumber recovery；Hot-rolled tube billet through high-temperature homogenization be heat-treated after, improve tube wall thickness direction tissue and
The uniformity of performance, improves the deformation uniformity in the wall thickness direction during follow-up cold-rolling deformation；Cold rolling pipe is adjusted through tissue
After control annealing heat-treats, using the pinning effect of the second phase, uniform tiny grain structure is obtained；Particularly in finished product tubing
Cold rolling process in use super-large diameter roll, more preferable homogeneous deformation is obtained along tube wall thickness direction, it is hereby achieved that tool
There is the heavy caliber thick wall finished product tubing of more uniform small grains tissue.
1) hot rolling tube wall thickness control
Hot rolling deformation amount is bigger, and the deformation energy storage of hot-rolled tube billet is more, Recrystallization nucleation after high-temperature homogenization heat treatment
Position is more, and recrystal grain is thinner；There is sufficiently large deflection simultaneously, wall thickness core just has sufficiently large deflection, break
Broken as-cast structure, perfect recrystallization tissue is formed after being heat-treated through high-temperature homogenization.But because centrifugation strand is as-cast structure,
Thermoplasticity is low, if deflection is too high, rolling crack defect easily occurs in surfaces externally and internally, while resistance of deformation is improved, can exceed and roll
The rolling power of machine.When therefore using Pilger hot-rolling mill hot rolling, its tube wall thickness is controlled in the range of 50~60mm.
2) the homogenization heat treatment of hot-rolled tube billet
In order to ensure deflection when tube rolling deforms, heavy caliber thick wall is centrifuged pipe wall thickness more than 100mm, during hot rolling
Its tube wall thickness is between 50~60mm, therefore its deformation ratio is only about 2：1, not only total deformation is than low, and due to tube wall
Thickness is big, uneven along wall thickness Direction distortion, and ectonexine deflection is big, and core deflection is small.Work is heat-treated using conventional annealing
After skill (about 1050~1150 DEG C), tubing can form that inner and outer surface layers are tiny, thick " sandwich type " grain structure of core, such
Tissue can not be completely eliminated after being processed through follow-up cold rolling and solution heat treatment etc..Hot-rolled tube billet is heat-treated through high-temperature homogenization
After (1150~1250 DEG C), more uniform grain structure can be obtained along wall thickness direction, eliminate wall thickness direction tissue and
Uneven components；After uniform heat treatment temperature is more than 1250 DEG C, surface oxidation is serious, is degrading the surface quality of pipe.Cause
The high-temperature homogenization heat treatment temperature of this hot-rolled tube billet is controlled between 1150~1250 DEG C.
3) cold rolling reduction
Cold rolling reduction is bigger, and the deformation energy storage of cold rolling pipe is more, and shape is recrystallized in subsequent heat treatment process
Nuclear location is more, and recrystal grain is thinner；But because the cold deformation drag of austenitic stainless steel is big, deflection is excessive, deformation
Drag can exceed the rolling power of cold-rolling equipment.Therefore, cold rolling reduction control is between 20~30%.
4) the tissue modulation annealing heat-treats of cold rolling pipe
During the annealing heat-treats of conventional cold rolled tube pony-roughing pass, for improve production efficiency, heat treatment temperature
Between 1050~1150 DEG C, heat treatment temperature higher is controlled to obtain the cold rolling pipe with good deformability,
Single pass aximal deformation value (more than 50%) is obtained during subsequent cold-rolling deformation, so that crystal grain thinning.But for heavy caliber
For thick-walled pipe, because its single pass heavy deformation is difficult more than 30%, therefore crystalline substance can not be improved by single pass aximal deformation value
Grain tissue.For large-sized heavy-wall tube, the tissue modulation annealing heat-treats temperature control of cold rolled tube is between 870~1000 DEG C.
Cold rolling austenitic stainless steel is heated in this temperature range, and carbonitride and intermetallic phase (such as σ phases), subsequent shape are separated out first
Into the carbonitride that formerly separates out of recrystal grain and intermetallic phase pinning effect under be difficult to grow up, therefore can obtain
Tiny recrystallized structure must be heat-treated than conventional annealing.Heat treatment temperature is less than 870 DEG C, it is difficult to there is perfect recrystallization；It is high
In 1000 DEG C, the carbonitride and intermetallic phase for first separating out are dissolved, and the effect without pinning crystal boundary, recrystal grain is grown up slightly
Change.Therefore the tissue modulation annealing heat-treats of cold rolling pipe are controlled between 870~1000 DEG C.
5) solution heat treatment of finished product tubing
Cold rolling production tube material forms perfect recrystallization austenite structure after solution heat treatment, obtains good mechanical property
And decay resistance.If solution heat treatment temperature is less than 1000 DEG C, the carbonitride and intermetallic phase formed in heating process
Dissolving is insufficient, can deteriorate the mechanical property and decay resistance of tubing；If solution heat treatment temperature is higher than 1150 DEG C, now complete
There is abnormal growth in full recrystallization crystal grain, form coarse-grain and mixed crystal, can also deteriorate the mechanical property of tubing.Therefore, finished product
The solution heat treatment temperature range restraint of tubing is between 1000-1150 DEG C.
6) roller diameter
In the case where deflection is certain, the increase of cold rolling roller diameter can reduce the detrusion of pipe outer surface, allow
Rolling deformation can penetrate into tube wall core, so that the deflection of tube wall core is improved, the recrystallization after refinement annealing heat-treats
Tissue.Roller diameter is excessive, and the rolling power of milling train is inadequate.Therefore the cold roll diameter control of finished product tubing is in 700-1200mm
Between.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hot-rolled tube billet inwall grain structure figure after 1080 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 2 is hot-rolled tube billet core grain structure figure after 1080 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 3 is hot-rolled tube billet outer wall grain structure figure after 1080 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 4 is hot-rolled tube billet inwall grain structure figure after 1180 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 5 is hot-rolled tube billet core grain structure figure after 1180 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 6 is hot-rolled tube billet outer wall grain structure figure after 1180 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 7 is the graph of a relation of high temperature homogenizing annealing temperature and hot rolling pipe material inner wall, core and outer wall crystallite dimension.
Fig. 8 is the graph of a relation of tissue modulation heat treatment temperature and cold rolling pipe core crystallite dimension.
Fig. 9 is the grain structure figure after cold rolling pipe is heat-treated through 830 DEG C of tissue modulations.
Figure 10 is the grain structure figure after cold rolling pipe is heat-treated through 950 DEG C of tissue modulations.
Figure 11 is the grain structure figure after cold rolling pipe is heat-treated through 1050 DEG C of tissue modulations.
Figure 12 is the finished product pipe material inner wall grain structure figure produced using conventional annealing Technology for Heating Processing.
Figure 13 is the finished product tubing core grain structure figure produced using conventional annealing Technology for Heating Processing.
Figure 14 is the finished product outer pipe wall grain structure figure produced using conventional annealing Technology for Heating Processing.
Figure 15 is the finished product pipe material inner wall grain structure produced using high temperature homogenizing annealing and tissue modulation annealing process
Figure.
Figure 16 is the finished product tubing core grain structure produced using high temperature homogenizing annealing and tissue modulation annealing process
Figure.
Figure 17 is the finished product outer pipe wall grain structure produced using high temperature homogenizing annealing and tissue modulation annealing process
Figure.
Figure 18 is the inwall grain structure figure of the finished product tubing produced using major diameter roll.
Figure 19 is the core grain structure figure of the finished product tubing produced using major diameter roll.
Figure 20 is the outer wall grain structure figure of the finished product tubing produced using major diameter roll.
Specific embodiment
Principle of the invention and feature are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example is served only for explaining the present invention, and
It is non-for limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment is poured using electric furnace+AOD furnace+centrifugal casting melting, and chemical composition is as shown in table 1, the processing technology of tubing
Parameter is as shown in table 2.Grain size grading is carried out by GB/T 6394-2002 " metal mean grain size determination method ".
The chemical composition of the embodiment austenitic stainless steel of table 1
| Heat (batch) number | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Fe |
| 1 | 0.022 | 0.47 | 0.9 | 0.022 | 0.004 | 18.4 | 10.7 | 0.11 | 0.04 | It is remaining |
| 2 | 0.063 | 0.58 | 1.2 | 0.012 | 0.005 | 17.7 | 12.4 | 2.7 | 0.15 | It is remaining |
| 3 | 0.032 | 0.39 | 8.1 | 0.028 | 0.006 | 20.3 | 6.6 | 0.09 | 0.28 | It is remaining |
The homogenization heat treatment of the hot-rolled tube billet of embodiment 1
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively illustrate inwall after the hot-rolled tube billet that heat (batch) number is 1# is heat-treated through 1080 DEG C, core and outer
The grain structure of wall；Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 respectively illustrate the hot-rolled tube billet that heat (batch) number is 1# and are heat-treated through 1180 DEG C of high-temperature homogenizations
The grain structure of inwall, core and outer wall afterwards.After 1080 DEG C are heat-treated, inner and outer wall there occurs completely hot-rolled tube billet
Recrystallization, recrystallization crystal particle dimension is tiny, and core recrystallization is incomplete, the as-cast structure of also non-perfect recrystallization；By
After 1180 DEG C of high-temperature homogenization heat treatments, inwall, outer wall and core there occurs complete recrystallized structure, and crystallite dimension compares
Uniformly.It can be seen that, improve hot-rolled tube billet homogenization heat treatment temperature has very big for improving the structural homogenity in wall thickness direction
Beneficial effect.Fig. 7 shows the pass of the crystallite dimension of high temperature homogenizing annealing temperature and hot rolling pipe material inner wall, core and outer wall
System.It can be seen that should be by the homogenizing annealing temperature control of hot-rolled tube billet between 1150~1250 DEG C.
The tissue modulation annealing heat-treats of the cold rolling pipe of embodiment 2
Fig. 9, Figure 10 and Figure 11 respectively illustrate cold rolling pipe of the heat (batch) number for 2# respectively through 830 DEG C, 930 DEG C and 1050 DEG C
The grain structure of tube wall core after tissue modulation heat treatment.After 930 DEG C and 1050 DEG C are heat-treated, cold rolling pipe there occurs
Full recrystallization, after 1050 DEG C of heat treatments, tube wall core recrystallization crystal particle dimension is big, and its grain size is 3.5 grades, 930 DEG C of heat treatments
Afterwards, tube wall core recrystallization crystal particle dimension is small, and grain size is 4.5 grades；After 830 DEG C are heat-treated, cold rolling pipe is not completely again
Crystallization, coarse grains are 2.0 grades.Fig. 8 shows tissue modulation annealing heat-treats temperature and cold rolling pipe core crystallite dimension
Relation.It can be seen that the tissue modulation heat treatment temperature of cold rolling tube rolling base should be controlled between 870 DEG C~1000 DEG C.Figure 12, Figure 13
With the grain structure that Figure 14 respectively illustrates the finished product pipe material inner wall, core and outer wall that are produced using conventional annealing Technology for Heating Processing
(11#), the grain size of its inwall wall, core and outer wall is respectively 3.5,2.0 and 3.5 grades；Figure 15, Figure 16 and Figure 17 are shown respectively
The grain structure of the finished product pipe material inner wall, core and outer wall that are produced using high temperature homogenizing annealing and tissue modulation annealing process
(13#), the grain size of its inwall, core and outer wall is respectively 5.0,4.5 and 5.0 grades.Thus it is clear that use high temperature homogenizing annealing and
Tissue modulation annealing process has good action to the crystal grain for refining production tube material.
The embodiment working process parameter of table 2 and grain size rating result
The roller diameter of embodiment 3
Rolled using the cold roll of a diameter of 600mm, 800mm and 1000mmCold rolling production tube material
The grain size of tube wall core is respectively 4.5,5.0 and 5.5 grades, and Figure 18, Figure 19 and Figure 20 respectively illustrate the cold rolling rollings of 1000mm
The grain structure of the inwall, core and outer wall of the finished product tubing of system.It can be seen that, the cold rolling roller diameter of finished product tubing is improved for refinement
The crystal grain of tube wall core has good beneficial effect.Further by roller diameter control between 700-1200mm, finished product tubing
Grain size can control 5.0 and its above rank.
A part for all embodiments of the invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in the present invention
Spirit and principle within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube, it is characterised in that processing step and the technology of control
Parameter is as follows：
(1) electric furnace+AOD furnace or other method melting molten steel are used；
(2) using centrifugal casting casting hollow bloom, the wall thickness control of hollow bloom is between 100~150mm；
(3) hollow bloom carries out hot rolling after reconditioning using Pilger Hot Rolling Mill, the control of wall thickness reduction amount 50-60mm it
Between, the wall thickness control of hot-rolled tube billet is between 45~80mm；
(4) hot-rolled tube billet carries out homogenization heat treatment between 1150-1250 DEG C；
(5) homogenization heat treatment after hot rolling tubing carried out using heavy caliber cold mill complex it is cold rolling, its cold rolling reduction control 20
Between~30%；
(6) cold rolling pipe carries out tissue modulation annealing heat-treats at 870-1000 DEG C；
(7) cold rolling pipe carries out secondary cold-rolling using heavy caliber cold mill complex after annealing, the control of its cold rolling reduction 20~
Between 30%；
(8) cold rolling heavy caliber thick wall tubing carries out finished product solution heat treatment between 1000-1150 DEG C；
(9) oxide skin of the cold rolling large-sized heavy-wall tube of solid solution state is removed.
2. manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that roller diameter control in step (7) 700~
Between 1200mm.
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| CN201611220958.7A CN106694606B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | A kind of manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109317932A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-12 | 上海新行不锈钢管有限公司 | A kind of automobile stainless steel jointless oil pipe |
| CN113680985A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-cost short-process high-temperature alloy seamless tube |
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| CN101956055A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-01-26 | 钢铁研究总院 | Heat treatment method of large-diameter thick-walled heat-resistant steel pipe |
| CN103352175A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-10-16 | 钢铁研究总院 | Nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104368623A (en) * | 2014-11-29 | 2015-02-25 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | Production method of large-diameter stainless steel seamless steel pipe |
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| JPH0617119A (en) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-01-25 | Nkk Corp | Method and equipment for heat treatment for hot extruded steel tube |
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| CN101956055A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-01-26 | 钢铁研究总院 | Heat treatment method of large-diameter thick-walled heat-resistant steel pipe |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109317932A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-12 | 上海新行不锈钢管有限公司 | A kind of automobile stainless steel jointless oil pipe |
| CN113680985A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-cost short-process high-temperature alloy seamless tube |
| CN113680985B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-04-29 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-cost short-process high-temperature alloy seamless tube |
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| CN106694606B (en) | 2018-05-01 |
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