CN106694606B - A kind of manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube - Google Patents
A kind of manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN106694606B CN106694606B CN201611220958.7A CN201611220958A CN106694606B CN 106694606 B CN106694606 B CN 106694606B CN 201611220958 A CN201611220958 A CN 201611220958A CN 106694606 B CN106694606 B CN 106694606B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/78—Control of tube rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
- C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
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Abstract
A kind of manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube, belongs to stainless steel processing technique field.Technique includes：Electric furnace+AOD+ centrifugal castings, hot rolling, homogenization heat treatment, once cold rolling, tissue modulation heat treatment, production tube cold rolling, solution heat treatment etc..By using the centrifugal casting hollow bloom of big wall thickness as hollow forging, the manufacturing process of hollow forging is reduced, improves lumber recovery.It is heat-treated by the high-temperature homogenization of hot-rolled tube billet, improves the tissue in tube wall thickness direction and the uniformity of performance, improves the deformation uniformity in wall thickness direction during follow-up cold-rolling deformation.By tissue modulation annealing heat-treats, using the pinning effect of the second phase, the cold rolling pipe with uniform small grains tissue is obtained, and then obtain heavy caliber thick wall finished product tubing of the crystal grain more than 4.0 grades.Further, using super-large diameter roll mill product tubing, more preferable homogeneous deformation is obtained along wall thickness direction, so as to obtain heavy caliber thick wall finished product tubing of the crystal grain more than 5.0 grades.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel pipe manufacturing technology field, more particularly to a kind of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube
Manufacture.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel is due to good mechanical property, corrosion resistance and cold and hot working performance, having obtained wide
General application.For diameter in more than 300mm, wall thickness more than 30mm austenitic stainless steel heavy caliber thick wall tubing, at present
It is general to be fabricated using solid (hollow) bar stock of forging+mach method, since its amount of machining is big, cause its lumber recovery
It is low, the production cycle is long, of high cost.Using centrifugation strand+hot rolling technology production austenitic stainless steel large-diameter pipe, due to life
Produce the characteristics of process is simple, and lumber recovery is high and be widely used.But due to the deformation of current Pilger Hot Rolling Mill
Feature determines its tube wall thickness in below 60mm, after 60mm, easily produces and folds and cracking defect in outer surface, be
The good grain structure of acquisition and mechanical property, its hot rolling deformation ratio should be not less than 3：1, therefore centrifuge strand+hot rolling technology
It is only applicable to the large-caliber thin-walled tubing that production wall thickness is no more than 20mm.When producing the large-sized heavy-wall tube of more than 30mm, very
Hardly possible obtains more than 3.0 grain structure, particularly easily occurs thick grain structure in tube wall core.Using heavy caliber cold rolling
Unit produces austenitic stainless steel large-diameter pipe, due to having the characteristics that surface quality and dimensional accuracy are high, starts in recent years
The application arrived, but since austenitic stainless steel cold deformation drag is big, the cold rolling reduction one of large-diameter pipe cold rolling tubing
As be no more than 30%, the grain size of finished product tubing is generally difficult more than 4.0 grades, for thick-walled pipe, due to deformation
Amount is inadequate, and coarse grain is easily produced in tube wall core.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube, both avoided and adopted
With the defects of lumber recovery for forging solid (hollow) bar stock+machine-tooled method is low, the production cycle is long, of high cost, and solves list
It is pure using Pilger Hot Rolling Mill or the simple austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube using the production of heavy caliber cold mill complex
The problem of crystallite dimension is thick.Manufacture method using the present invention production and processing large-sized heavy-wall tube (diameter 300mm~
500mm, 30~60mm of wall thickness) grain size can reach more than 4.0 grades, can further reach more than 5.0 grades.
The manufacture method of the austenitic stainless steel large-caliber stainless steel of the present invention, comprises the following steps that：
(1) electric furnace+AOD furnace or other methods melting molten steel are used；
(2) using centrifugal casting casting hollow bloom, the wall thickness control of hollow bloom is between 100~150mm；
(3) hollow bloom carries out hot rolling after reconditioning using Pilger Hot Rolling Mill, and wall thickness reduction amount is controlled in 50-60mm
Between, the wall thickness control of hot-rolled tube billet is between 45~80mm；
(4) hot-rolled tube billet carries out homogenization heat treatment between 1150-1250 DEG C；
(5) hot rolling tubing carries out cold rolling, the control of its cold rolling reduction using heavy caliber cold mill complex after homogenization heat treatment
Between 20~30%；
(6) cold rolling pipe carries out tissue modulation annealing heat-treats at 870-1000 DEG C；
(7) cold rolling pipe carries out secondary cold-rolling using heavy caliber cold mill complex after annealing, its cold rolling reduction is controlled 20
Between~30%；
(8) cold rolling heavy caliber thick wall tubing carries out finished product solution heat treatment between 1000-1150 DEG C；
(9) oxide skin of solid solution state cold rolling large-sized heavy-wall tube is removed.
Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows：
Further, the roller diameter in step (7) is controlled between 700~1200mm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Using the centrifugal casting hollow bloom of big wall thickness as hollow forging, reduce hollow forging
Manufacturing process, improves lumber recovery；Hot-rolled tube billet after high-temperature homogenization is heat-treated, improve tube wall thickness direction tissue and
The uniformity of performance, improves the deformation uniformity in the wall thickness direction during follow-up cold-rolling deformation；Cold rolling pipe is adjusted through tissue
After controlling annealing heat-treats, using the pinning effect of the second phase, uniformly tiny grain structure is obtained；Particularly in finished product tubing
Cold rolling process in use super-large diameter roll, more preferable homogeneous deformation is obtained along tube wall thickness direction, it is hereby achieved that tool
There is the heavy caliber thick wall finished product tubing of more uniform small grains tissue.
1) hot rolling tube wall thickness controls
Hot rolling deformation amount is bigger, and the deformation energy storage of hot-rolled tube billet is more, Recrystallization nucleation after high-temperature homogenization heat treatment
Position is more, and recrystal grain is thinner；There is sufficiently large deflection at the same time, wall thickness core just has sufficiently large deflection, breaks
Broken as-cast structure, forms perfect recrystallization tissue after high-temperature homogenization is heat-treated.But since centrifugal casting base is as-cast structure,
Thermoplasticity is low, if deflection is excessive, rolling crack defect easily occurs in surfaces externally and internally, while resistance of deformation improves, and can exceed and roll
The rolling power of machine.When therefore using Pilger hot-rolling mill hot rolling, its tube wall thickness is controlled in the range of 50~60mm.
2) the homogenization heat treatment of hot-rolled tube billet
In order to ensure deflection during tube rolling deformation, heavy caliber thick wall centrifuges pipe wall thickness more than 100mm, during hot rolling
Its tube wall thickness is between 50~60mm, therefore its deformation ratio is only about 2：1, not only total deformation is than low, but also due to tube wall
Thickness is big, uneven along wall thickness Direction distortion, and ectonexine deflection is big, and core deflection is small.Work is heat-treated using conventional annealing
After skill (about 1050~1150 DEG C), tubing can form that inner and outer surface layers are tiny, core is thick " sandwich type " grain structure is such
Tissue can not be completely eliminated after the processing such as follow-up cold rolling and solution heat treatment.Hot-rolled tube billet is heat-treated through high-temperature homogenization
After (1150~1250 DEG C), more uniform grain structure can be obtained along wall thickness direction, eliminate wall thickness direction tissue and
Uneven components；After uniform heat treatment temperature is more than 1250 DEG C, surface oxidation is serious, is degrading the surface quality of pipe.Cause
The high-temperature homogenization heat treatment temperature of this hot-rolled tube billet is controlled between 1150~1250 DEG C.
3) cold rolling reduction
Cold rolling reduction is bigger, and the deformation energy storage of cold rolling pipe is more, and shape is recrystallized in subsequent heat treatment process
Nuclear location is more, and recrystal grain is thinner；But since the cold deformation drag of austenitic stainless steel is big, deflection is excessive, deformation
Drag can exceed the rolling power of cold-rolling equipment.Therefore, cold rolling reduction control is between 20~30%.
4) the tissue modulation annealing heat-treats of cold rolling pipe
During the annealing heat-treats of conventional cold rolled tube pony-roughing pass, in order to improve production efficiency, heat treatment temperature
Between 1050~1150 DEG C, the higher heat treatment temperature of control can obtain the cold rolling pipe with good deformability,
Single pass aximal deformation value (more than 50%) is obtained during subsequent cold-rolling deformation, so that crystal grain thinning.But for heavy caliber
For thick-walled pipe, since its single pass heavy deformation is difficult more than 30%, crystalline substance cannot be improved by single pass aximal deformation value
Grain tissue.For large-sized heavy-wall tube, the tissue modulation annealing heat-treats temperature control of cold rolled tube is between 870~1000 DEG C.
Cold rolling austenitic stainless steel heats in this temperature range, separates out carbonitride and intermetallic phase (such as σ phases), subsequent shape first
Into the carbonitride that formerly separates out of recrystal grain and intermetallic phase pinning effect under be difficult to grow up, therefore can obtain
Tiny recrystallized structure must be heat-treated than conventional annealing.Heat treatment temperature is less than 870 DEG C, it is difficult to which perfect recrystallization occurs；It is high
In 1000 DEG C, the carbonitride and intermetallic phase that first separate out dissolve, and the effect of no pinning crystal boundary, recrystal grain is grown up slightly
Change.Therefore the tissue modulation annealing heat-treats of cold rolling pipe are controlled between 870~1000 DEG C.
5) solution heat treatment of finished product tubing
Cold rolling production tube material forms perfect recrystallization austenite structure after solution heat treatment, obtains good mechanical property
And corrosion resistance.If solution heat treatment temperature is less than 1000 DEG C, the carbonitride formed in heating process and intermetallic phase
Dissolve insufficient, the mechanical property and corrosion resistance of tubing can be deteriorated；If solution heat treatment temperature is higher than 1150 DEG C, complete at this time
Full recrystallization crystal grain, which is abnormal, grows up, and forms coarse-grain and mixed crystal, can also deteriorate the mechanical property of tubing.Therefore, finished product
The solution heat treatment temperature range restraint of tubing is between 1000-1150 DEG C.
6) roller diameter
In the case where deflection is certain, the increase of cold rolling roller diameter can reduce the detrusion of pipe outer surface, allow
Rolling deformation can penetrate into tube wall core, so as to improve the deflection of tube wall core, refine the recrystallization after annealing heat-treats
Tissue.Roller diameter is excessive, and the rolling power of milling train is inadequate.Therefore the cold roll diameter control of finished product tubing is in 700-1200mm
Between.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hot-rolled tube billet inner wall grain structure figure after 1080 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 2 is hot-rolled tube billet core grain structure figure after 1080 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 3 is hot-rolled tube billet outer wall grain structure figure after 1080 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 4 is hot-rolled tube billet inner wall grain structure figure after 1180 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 5 is hot-rolled tube billet core grain structure figure after 1180 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 6 is hot-rolled tube billet outer wall grain structure figure after 1180 DEG C of annealing heat-treats.
Fig. 7 is the graph of a relation of high temperature homogenizing annealing temperature and hot rolling pipe material inner wall, core and outer wall crystallite dimension.
Fig. 8 is the graph of a relation of tissue modulation heat treatment temperature and cold rolling pipe core crystallite dimension.
Fig. 9 is grain structure figure of the cold rolling pipe after 830 DEG C of tissue modulations are heat-treated.
Figure 10 is grain structure figure of the cold rolling pipe after 950 DEG C of tissue modulations are heat-treated.
Figure 11 is grain structure figure of the cold rolling pipe after 1050 DEG C of tissue modulations are heat-treated.
Figure 12 is the finished product pipe material inner wall grain structure figure produced using conventional annealing heat treatment process.
Figure 13 is the finished product tubing core grain structure figure produced using conventional annealing heat treatment process.
Figure 14 is the finished product outer pipe wall grain structure figure produced using conventional annealing heat treatment process.
Figure 15 is the finished product pipe material inner wall grain structure produced using high temperature homogenizing annealing and tissue modulation annealing process
Figure.
Figure 16 is the finished product tubing core grain structure produced using high temperature homogenizing annealing and tissue modulation annealing process
Figure.
Figure 17 is the finished product outer pipe wall grain structure produced using high temperature homogenizing annealing and tissue modulation annealing process
Figure.
Figure 18 is the inner wall grain structure figure using the finished product tubing of major diameter roll production.
Figure 19 is the core grain structure figure using the finished product tubing of major diameter roll production.
Figure 20 is the outer wall grain structure figure using the finished product tubing of major diameter roll production.
Embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment is poured using electric furnace+AOD furnace+centrifugal casting melting, and chemical composition is as shown in table 1, the processing technology of tubing
Parameter is as shown in table 2.Grain size grading is carried out by GB/T 6394-2002 " metal mean grain size determination method ".
The chemical composition of 1 embodiment austenitic stainless steel of table
| Heat (batch) number | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Fe |
| 1 | 0.022 | 0.47 | 0.9 | 0.022 | 0.004 | 18.4 | 10.7 | 0.11 | 0.04 | It is remaining |
| 2 | 0.063 | 0.58 | 1.2 | 0.012 | 0.005 | 17.7 | 12.4 | 2.7 | 0.15 | It is remaining |
| 3 | 0.032 | 0.39 | 8.1 | 0.028 | 0.006 | 20.3 | 6.6 | 0.09 | 0.28 | It is remaining |
The homogenization heat treatment of 1 hot-rolled tube billet of embodiment
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively illustrate hot-rolled tube billet that heat (batch) number is 1# inner wall, core and outer after 1080 DEG C of heat treatment
The grain structure of wall；Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 respectively illustrate the hot-rolled tube billet that heat (batch) number is 1# and are heat-treated through 1180 DEG C of high-temperature homogenizations
The grain structure of inner wall, core and outer wall afterwards.Hot-rolled tube billet is after 1080 DEG C of heat treatment, and there occurs complete for inner and outer wall
Recrystallization, recrystallization crystal particle dimension is tiny, and core recrystallization is incomplete, the as-cast structure of also non-perfect recrystallization；By
After the heat treatment of 1180 DEG C of high-temperature homogenizations, there occurs complete recrystallized structure, crystallite dimension to compare for inner wall, outer wall and core
Uniformly.As it can be seen that improve hot-rolled tube billet homogenization heat treatment temperature for improve the structural homogenity in wall thickness direction have it is very big
Beneficial effect.Fig. 7 show high temperature homogenizing annealing temperature and hot rolling pipe material inner wall, core and outer wall crystallite dimension pass
System.It can be seen that should be by the homogenizing annealing temperature control of hot-rolled tube billet between 1150~1250 DEG C.
The tissue modulation annealing heat-treats of 2 cold rolling pipe of embodiment
Fig. 9, Figure 10 and Figure 11 respectively illustrate cold rolling pipe of the heat (batch) number for 2# respectively through 830 DEG C, 930 DEG C and 1050 DEG C
The grain structure of tube wall core after tissue modulation heat treatment.After 930 DEG C and 1050 DEG C heat treatment, there occurs complete for cold rolling pipe
Full recrystallization, after 1050 DEG C of heat treatments, tube wall core recrystallization crystal particle dimension is big, its grain size is 3.5 grades, 930 DEG C of heat treatments
Afterwards, tube wall core recrystallization crystal particle dimension is small, and grain size is 4.5 grades；After 830 DEG C of heat treatment, cold rolling pipe is not completely again
Crystallization, coarse grains, are 2.0 grades.Fig. 8 shows tissue modulation annealing heat-treats temperature and cold rolling pipe core crystallite dimension
Relation.It can be seen that the tissue modulation heat treatment temperature of cold rolling tube rolling base should be controlled between 870 DEG C~1000 DEG C.Figure 12, Figure 13
The grain structure using the finished product pipe material inner wall of conventional annealing heat treatment process production, core and outer wall is respectively illustrated with Figure 14
(11#), the grain size of its inner wall wall, core and outer wall is respectively 3.5,2.0 and 3.5 grades；Figure 15, Figure 16 and Figure 17 are shown respectively
The grain structure of the finished product pipe material inner wall, core and the outer wall that are produced using high temperature homogenizing annealing and tissue modulation annealing process
(13#), the grain size of its inner wall, core and outer wall is respectively 5.0,4.5 and 5.0 grades.Thus it is clear that using high temperature homogenizing annealing and
Tissue modulation annealing process has good action to the crystal grain for refining production tube material.
2 embodiment working process parameter of table and grain size rating result
3 roller diameter of embodiment
Rolled using the cold roll of a diameter of 600mm, 800mm and 1000mmCold rolling production tube material
The grain size of tube wall core is respectively 4.5,5.0 and 5.5 grades, and Figure 18, Figure 19 and Figure 20 respectively illustrate 1000mm cold rolling rollings
The grain structure of the inner wall of the finished product tubing of system, core and outer wall.As it can be seen that the cold rolling roller diameter of finished product tubing is improved for refinement
The crystal grain of tube wall core has good beneficial effect.Further by roller diameter control between 700-1200mm, finished product tubing
Grain size can control 5.0 and its above rank.
The foregoing is merely a part for all embodiments of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in the present invention
Spirit and principle within, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of manufacture method of austenitic stainless steel large-sized heavy-wall tube, it is characterised in that processing step and the technology of control
Parameter is as follows：
(1) electric furnace+AOD furnace melting molten steel is used；
(2) using centrifugal casting casting hollow bloom, the wall thickness control of hollow bloom is between 100~150mm；
(3) hollow bloom after reconditioning using Pilger Hot Rolling Mill carry out hot rolling, wall thickness reduction amount control 50-60mm it
Between, the wall thickness control of hot-rolled tube billet is between 45~80mm；
(4) hot-rolled tube billet carries out homogenization heat treatment between 1150-1250 DEG C；
(5) hot rolling tubing carries out cold rolling using heavy caliber cold mill complex after homogenization heat treatment, its cold rolling reduction is controlled 20
Between~30%；
(6) cold rolling pipe carries out tissue modulation annealing heat-treats at 870-1000 DEG C；
(7) cold rolling pipe carries out secondary cold-rolling using heavy caliber cold mill complex after annealing, the control of its cold rolling reduction 20~
Between 30%；
(8) cold rolling heavy caliber thick wall tubing carries out finished product solution heat treatment between 1000-1150 DEG C；
(9) oxide skin of solid solution state cold rolling large-sized heavy-wall tube is removed.
2. manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that roller diameter control in step (7) 700~
Between 1200mm.
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| CN109317932A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-12 | 上海新行不锈钢管有限公司 | A kind of automobile stainless steel jointless oil pipe |
| CN113680985B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-04-29 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-cost short-process high-temperature alloy seamless tube |
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| JPH0617119A (en) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-01-25 | Nkk Corp | Method and equipment for heat treatment for hot extruded steel tube |
| CN101862763B (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2013-03-27 | 常州市联谊特种不锈钢管有限公司 | Production process of large-caliber thin-walled seamless stainless steel pipe |
| CN101956055A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-01-26 | 钢铁研究总院 | Heat treatment method of large-diameter thick-walled heat-resistant steel pipe |
| CN103352175B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2016-01-20 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of control nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104368623B (en) * | 2014-11-29 | 2016-05-25 | 攀钢集团成都钢钒有限公司 | A kind of production method of large-caliber stainless steel seamless pipe |
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