CN111420985A - Rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel - Google Patents
Rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111420985A CN111420985A CN202010247720.3A CN202010247720A CN111420985A CN 111420985 A CN111420985 A CN 111420985A CN 202010247720 A CN202010247720 A CN 202010247720A CN 111420985 A CN111420985 A CN 111420985A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
- B21B1/18—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section in a continuous process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B43/00—Cooling beds, whether stationary or moving; Means specially associated with cooling beds, e.g. for braking work or for transferring it to or from the bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/04—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing
- B21B45/08—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing hydraulically
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Abstract
The rolling process of the 38CrMoAl round steel comprises the following process flows of heating, initial rolling, continuous rolling, saw cutting and cooling, and is characterized in that: the steel comprises, by weight, C = 0.35-0.42, Mn = 0.30-0.60, Si = 0.20-0.45, P ≤ 0.030, S ≤ 0.030, Cr = 1.35-1.65, Mo = 0.15-0.25, Al = 0.70-1.10, Cu ≤ 0.20, Ni ≤ 0.30, and the balance Fe and essential impurities. According to the invention, the primary oxide scales and the secondary oxide scales on the surface of the 38CrMoAl round steel are efficiently removed by a water descaling device between the high-pressure water descaling device at the back of the furnace, the high-pressure scale breaking rolling device at the high pressure of the blooming mill and the continuous rolling unit, and the removal rate is up to 99%; on the premise of ensuring the hardness requirement, the production efficiency is greatly improved; the controlled cooling technology is improved, and the surface quality, hardness and flatness of the obtained finished product all meet the production requirements. Meanwhile, the heat treatment process and the use of a straightening machine are reduced, so that the cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel.
Background
The 38CrMoAl round steel has the advantages of high wear resistance, high fatigue strength, high strength and the like, and is commonly used for nitriding parts with accurate size, such as precision screw rods, precision gears and the like. The 38CrMoAl round steel mainly comprises the steps of smelting, casting and hot rolling, and the quality and the mechanical property of a final product are directly related to the rolling process. In the general rolling process, because the descaling is not thorough in the rolling process and the rolling procedure is to be optimized, the surface defects of the steel during hot rolling are more and the hardness is higher, and the defects are represented as folding, scratching, ears and the like; and the hardness is higher, so that the processing is difficult for users, and the annealing process must be added to reduce the hardness of the 38CrMoAl round steel in the prior art, so that the steps are complicated and the effect is poor. Therefore, the hot rolling process of the 38CrMoAl round steel needs to be improved.
Chinese invention patent application CN102230131A discloses '38 CrMoAl steel and a preparation method thereof', which is composed of 25-30% of 35CrMo steel scrap, 25-30% of 42CrMo steel scrap, 38-43% of 38CrMoAl steel scrap, 1.6-1.8% of metal aluminum, 0.7-0.9% of medium carbon ferrochrome, 0.3-0.5% of rare earth ferrosilicon, 0.4-0.6% of nitrogen-containing ferromanganese, 0.015-0.025% of ferroboron and 0.030-0.040% of metal name plate. The invention has the advantages of high purity of the structure, fine structure, high strength of steel grade, good toughness and the like. However, the patent only optimizes the raw materials of the steel grade, does not optimize the hot rolling process, and the surface quality and the mechanical property of the produced 38CrMoAl round steel need to be improved.
The Chinese patent application CN110180893A discloses a rolling process for improving the rolling state structure of 38CrMoAl steel, which comprises the steps of selecting 38CrMoAl steel blanks, heating the steel blanks, roughly rolling the steel blanks, rolling the steel blanks in the middle, finishing the steel blanks and cooling the steel. The rolling process disclosed by the invention is green, environment-friendly and pollution-free, cost is reduced, efficiency is improved, the rolling state structure uniformity of the 38CrMoAl steel is greatly improved, and crystal grains are further refined. However, the hardness of the steel grade is difficult to control in the rolling process, and only the 38CrMoAl steel grade is descaled in the rolling process, so that the descaling effect and the surface quality cannot be guaranteed, and therefore, the technology of the invention needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel aiming at the defects of high hardness, difficult descaling, poor surface quality of steel grade and the like in the conventional 38CrMoAl hot rolled round steel production, and the rolling process is adjusted and optimized, and the hardness and the surface quality of the 38CrMoAl hot rolled round steel are enhanced by adopting multi-pass descaling rolling, controlling the rolling temperature and the temperature of a cooling bed, so that the yield is improved, and the enterprise cost is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the rolling process of the 38CrMoAl round steel comprises the process flows of heating, initial rolling, continuous rolling, saw cutting and cooling bed. The chemical composition weight percentage of the steel is as follows; c = 0.35-0.42, Mn = 0.30-0.60, Si = 0.20-0.45, P is less than or equal to 0.030, S is less than or equal to 0.030, Cr = 1.35-1.65, Mo = 0.15-0.25, Al = 0.70-1.10, Cu is less than or equal to 0.20, Ni is less than or equal to 0.30, and the balance of Fe and indispensable impurities; the method comprises the following process steps:
(1) heating: the temperature of the preheating section of the billet is 750 DEG CoC, heating for 20-90 min; the temperature of the heating section is 1150-oC, heating for 20-80 min; temperature of soaking section 1160-oC, heating for 20-80 min, and discharging the steel blank after the steel blank is completely and uniformly burnt.
(2) Descaling: the steel billet is sent into a high-pressure water descaling machine to remove primary scale on the surface, and the working pressure of high-pressure water is 15-16 MPa.
(3) Initial rolling: rolling for 5-15 times by a two-roll reversible blooming mill, wherein the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1050oC, the continuous rolling temperature is more than or equal to 950oC。
Preferably, the first 4 times of the 5-15 times of rolling are scale breaking rolling.
Preferably, the scale breaking rolling is high-reduction scale breaking rolling.
(4) Continuous rolling: rolling the mixture into phi 50-phi through a horizontal-vertical short stress continuous rolling unit220 round steel, the rolling temperature of the continuous rolling unit is more than or equal to 1000oC, the finishing temperature is more than or equal to 900oC。
Preferably, the horizontal-vertical short stress continuous rolling unit has 8 stands, wherein a descaling device is arranged between 1 stand and 2 stands of rolling mills and between 2 stands and 3 stands of rolling mills.
(5) And (3) cooling control: the controlled bed and controlled cooling process includes stacking cooling, close arrangement, tooth arrangement, and adding heat insulating cover, and the starting temperature of round steel entering the cooling bed is not lower than 700 deg.coC。
Preferably, the stack cooling is three-row stack cooling or two-row stack cooling.
Preferably, the close packing is three-row close packing or two-row close packing.
Preferably, the separation teeth are arranged at intervals of 1-5 teeth.
Preferably, the heat preservation cover is movable, and the heat preservation cover side plate can be opened.
Description of the principle:
and (3) scale breaking rolling, namely adding a set of high-pressure water scale removal device after the first pass and the second pass of hole position respectively after the blooming mill, breaking the scale in the rolling, and then removing the scale in a high-pressure water scale removal device after the blooming mill. The descaling procedure is recorded into the reduction procedure, and the method of descaling according to the rolling pass and the steel turning pass is called descaling rolling. The scale breaking rolling can remove unclean scale and secondary scale by high-pressure water, and effectively improve the surface quality of steel.
And a descaling device is added behind the continuous rolling unit, which is a means for improving the surface quality of the steel grade again. The scale generation speed is high, and partial scale can still be generated in the process of feeding the steel strip into the continuous rolling unit after the steel strip is completely removed by the blooming mill, so that the scale removal device arranged behind the continuous rolling unit removes the partial scale, and the surface quality is ensured.
When round steel enters the cooling bed, the temperature and the cooling speed of the steel grade in the cooling bed need to be strictly controlled, and the round steel has different temperature control means due to different sizes. Three rows of pile cooling: the method comprises the steps of dividing round steel cut into fixed length into three rows, enabling the round steel to enter a cooling bed, and stacking 2-3 pieces of steel on one tooth according to the size of the round steel. Two rows of stacks are cooled: the method comprises the steps of dividing round steel cut into fixed length into two rows to enter a cooling bed, and stacking 2-3 pieces of steel on one tooth according to the size of the round steel. And selecting a proper pile cooling mode according to the length and the size of the round steel, and controlling the surface quality and the flatness of the round steel.
The three-row close packing means that the round steel does not have empty tooth distribution when entering the cooling bed in three rows, namely each tooth contains one round steel. The two rows of close packing means that the round steel is not distributed in empty teeth when entering the cooling bed in two rows, namely each tooth contains one round steel. And a proper close packing method is selected according to the size and the dimension of the round steel, so that the surface quality and the flatness of the round steel are improved.
The appropriate spacing teeth are selected to be arranged according to the size of the round steel, so that the surface quality and the flatness of the round steel can be improved.
In the production process, production accidents are inevitably generated to cause production discontinuity, and the heat preservation cover can move to ensure the temperature of the round steel entering the cooling bed and prevent the round steel from generating waste products with large bending degree when the production faults occur. The side plates of the heat preservation cover can be opened: because the temperature in the cooling bed is too high when the large-size round steel enters the cooling bed. The side plate of the heat-insulating cover is opened to control the temperature of the refrigeration bed, and the method is also a temperature control means.
The close packing, the pile cooling and the hollow tooth arrangement are one of temperature control means, and when round steel enters a cooling bed, the round steel can reach the required surface quality and flatness only by reaching a proper temperature in the cooling bed. In general:
the diameter phi of the round steel is 50-70, and because the specification is small, the heat dissipation is fast, usually the heat-insulating cover is closed, and meanwhile, a pile cooling mode is adopted;
the diameter phi of the round steel is 70-120 phi, the size is moderate, the heat dissipation is fast, the heat preservation cover is usually closed, and meanwhile, a close-packed mode is adopted;
the diameter phi 120~ phi 220 of round steel, the size of round steel is big more, and the heat dissipation is slower, and the temperature in the cold bed is higher, consequently selects the opening degree of curb plate and separates several tooth distributions according to the size of round steel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the primary oxide scales and the secondary oxide scales on the surface of the 38CrMoAl round steel are efficiently removed by the water descaling device between the high-pressure water descaling and high-pressure scale breaking rolling of the blooming mill and the continuous rolling mill, the removal rate is up to 99%, the process accidents caused by the pressing in of the oxide scales are greatly reduced, and the yield of the variety is improved.
(2) The invention improves the rolling process technology, selects a proper rolling process according to the section size of the 38CrMoA billet on the premise of ensuring the hardness requirement, and greatly improves the production efficiency.
(3) The invention improves the controlled cooling technology, selects a proper controlled cooling technology according to the size of the 38CrMoAl finished round steel, and the surface quality, hardness and flatness of the obtained finished product all meet the production requirements. Meanwhile, the heat treatment process and the use of a straightening machine are reduced, so that the cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of hot rolling and controlled cooling process of 38CrMoAl round steel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The selection of the billets comprises five 38CrMoAl billets with the cross section sizes of 150 mm × 150 mm, 240 mm × 240 mm, 280mm × 280mm, 430mm × 300mm and 350mm × 430 mm.
Example 1:
a billet with a cross-sectional dimension of 150 x 150 mm was selected. The process comprises the following steps:
(1) heating: putting the 38CrMoAl billet into a walking-beam furnace, and finally reaching the temperature of 1160 degrees after passing through a preheating section, a heating section and a soaking section of the 38CrMoAl billetoC, the temperature of the preheating section is 750 DEG CoC, heating for 20 min; the temperature of the heating section is 1150oC, heating for 20 min; the temperature of the soaking section is 1160oAnd C, heating for 20 min to ensure that the 38CrMoAl billet is completely, uniformly and thoroughly burnt and then discharged.
(2) Descaling: and (3) feeding the completely and uniformly fully burnt 38CrMoAl billet in the step two into a high-pressure water descaling machine to remove primary oxide scales on the surface, wherein the working pressure of high-pressure water during normal production is 15 MPa.
(3) Opening a blank: turning the 38CrMoAl steel with the surface removed by the primary scale in the third step, rolling the steel by a reversible two-roller bloom cutting machine for 5 times, performing scale breaking rolling for the first 4 times, rolling the steel into square steel with the section size of 125 x 125, and performing rolling at the beginning temperature of 1100oC。
(4) Continuous rolling: rolling 38CrMoAl billet into round steel with phi 50 by 8 horizontal-vertical short stress continuous rolling mills with the rolling temperature of 1000oC, the finishing temperature is 900oC. In 8 horizontal-vertical short stress continuous rolling units, descaling devices are arranged between 1 and 2 rolling mills and between 2 and 3 rolling mills.
(5) And (3) cooling control: the temperature of round steel entering the cooling bed is 700 DEGoAnd C, performing two rows of pile cooling on the upper cooling bed, wherein 2-3 layers of round steel are arranged on each tooth, and the side plate of the heat-insulating cover is closed.
The Brinell hardness, the quality qualified fraction and the flatness value of the round steel are shown in Table 1.
Example 2:
a billet with a cross-sectional dimension of 240 x 240 mm was selected. The main process steps comprise:
(1) heating: the 38CrMoAl billet is placed in a step-by-step heating furnace, and the temperature of the 38CrMoAl billet finally reaches 1170 after passing through a preheating section, a heating section and a soaking sectionoC, the temperature of the preheating section is 750 DEG CoC, heating for 30 min; the temperature of the heating section is 1170oC, heating for 30 min; the temperature of the soaking section is 1170oAnd C, heating for 30 min to ensure that the 38CrMoAl billet is completely, uniformly and thoroughly burnt and then discharged.
(2) Descaling: and (3) feeding the completely and uniformly fully burnt 38CrMoAl billet in the step two into a high-pressure water descaling machine to remove primary oxide scales on the surface, wherein the working pressure of high-pressure water during normal production is 15 MPa.
(3) Opening a blank: turning the 38CrMoAl steel with the surface removed by the primary scale in the third step, rolling the steel by a reversible two-roller blank opener for 9 times, performing scale breaking rolling for the first 4 times, rolling the steel into square steel with the section size of 125 x 125, and performing rolling at the rolling temperature of 1100oC。
(4) Continuous rolling: 38CrMoAl steelRolling the blank into round steel with phi 50 by 8 horizontal-vertical short stress continuous rolling mills with the rolling temperature of 1000oC, the finishing temperature is 900oC. In 8 horizontal-vertical short stress continuous rolling units, descaling devices are arranged between 1 and 2 rolling mills and between 2 and 3 rolling mills.
(5) And (3) cooling control: the temperature of round steel entering the cooling bed is 700 DEGoAnd C, performing two rows of pile cooling on the upper cooling bed, wherein 2-3 layers of round steel are arranged on each tooth, and the side plate of the heat-insulating cover is closed.
Example 2 test bars have brookfield hardness, quality pass score and flatness values as given in table 1.
TABLE 1 Brinell hardness, quality pass fraction and flatness values for round steel
Claims (7)
- The rolling process of the 1.38CrMoAl round steel comprises the following process flows of heating, rolling, continuous rolling, sawing and cooling, and is characterized in that: the steel comprises the following chemical components, by weight, C = 0.35-0.42, Mn = 0.30-0.60, Si = 0.20-0.45, P is less than or equal to 0.030, S is less than or equal to 0.030, Cr = 1.35-1.65, Mo = 0.15-0.25, Al = 0.70-1.10, Cu is less than or equal to 0.20, Ni is less than or equal to 0.30, and the balance of Fe and indispensable impurities; the method comprises the following steps:(1) heating: the temperature of the preheating section of the billet is 750 DEG CoC, heating for 20-90 min; the temperature of the heating section is 1150-oC, heating for 20-80 min; temperature of soaking section 1160-oC, heating for 20-80 min, and discharging the steel blank after the steel blank is completely and uniformly burnt;(2) descaling: sending the steel blank into a high-pressure water descaling machine to remove primary scale on the surface, wherein the working pressure of high-pressure water is 15-16 MPa;(3) initial rolling: rolling with two high reversing blooming mill for 5-15 times at the initial rolling temperature not lower than 1050oC, the continuous rolling temperature is more than or equal to 950oC；(4) Continuous rolling: rolling into round steel with phi of 50-220 by a horizontal-vertical short stress continuous rolling unit, wherein the rolling temperature of the continuous rolling unit is more than or equal to 1000oC, finallyThe rolling temperature is more than or equal to 900 DEG CoC；(5) And (3) cooling control: the controlled bed and controlled cooling process includes stacking cooling, close arrangement, tooth arrangement, and adding heat insulating cover, and the starting temperature of round steel entering the cooling bed is not lower than 700 deg.coC；The rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: (3) and (4) initial rolling, wherein the scale breaking rolling is high-pressure scale breaking rolling.
- 2. The rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: (3) in the initial rolling, in the 5-15 times of rolling, the first 4 times are scale breaking rolling.
- 3. The rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) continuously rolling, wherein the horizontal-vertical short stress continuous rolling unit is 8 frames, and descaling devices are arranged between 1 frame and 2 frames and between 2 frames and 3 rolling mills.
- 4. The rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) controlling the cold, wherein the stack cold is three-row stack cold or two-row stack cold.
- 5. The rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) controlling the cooling, wherein the close packing is three-row close packing or two-row close packing.
- 6. The rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) controlling cooling, wherein the separation teeth are arranged to be arranged at intervals of 1-5 teeth.
- 7. The rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) controlling the cooling, wherein the heat preservation cover can move, and a side plate of the heat preservation cover can be opened.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112831632A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-25 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Online normalizing method for SAE1050M round steel |
| CN113231468A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-08-10 | 石钢京诚装备技术有限公司 | Production method of low-hardness 38CrMoAl bar |
| CN114425685A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-03 | 陕西工业职业技术学院 | Processing method of large-single-weight titanium and titanium alloy wire |
| CN114888079A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-12 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel |
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| CN110180893A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-30 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | A kind of rolling mill practice for improving 38CrMoAl steel and rolling state tissue |
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| CN103157658A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-06-19 | 湖南华菱涟源钢铁有限公司 | Process of rolling stainless steel coil in conventional hot continuous rolling production line |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112831632A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-25 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Online normalizing method for SAE1050M round steel |
| CN112831632B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-05-20 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Online normalizing method for SAE1050M round steel |
| CN113231468A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-08-10 | 石钢京诚装备技术有限公司 | Production method of low-hardness 38CrMoAl bar |
| CN114425685A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-03 | 陕西工业职业技术学院 | Processing method of large-single-weight titanium and titanium alloy wire |
| CN114888079A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-12 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Rolling process of 38CrMoAl round steel |
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Application publication date: 20200717 |