CN106692681A - Outdoor nine-treasure extract and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Outdoor nine-treasure extract and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
- A61K35/58—Reptiles
- A61K35/583—Snakes; Lizards, e.g. chameleons
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
- A61K35/63—Arthropods
- A61K35/64—Insects, e.g. bees, wasps or fleas
- A61K35/644—Beeswax; Propolis; Royal jelly; Honey
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/481—Astragalus (milkvetch)
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
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- A61K36/75—Rutaceae (Rue family)
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/78—Saururaceae (Lizard's-tail family)
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- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
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- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an outdoor nine-treasure extract. The outdoor nine-treasure extract is prepared according to the following steps: performing ultrasonic extraction on radix angelicae sinensis to obtain a first filtrate and a first residue; crushing radix astragali, cortex phellodendri, pseudobulbus cremastrae seu pleiones, herba houttuyniae and radix achyranthis bidentatae to obtain a second crushed product; extracting the first residue and the second crushed product with an aqueous ethanol solution to obtain a second filtrate; extracting periostracum serpentis with an aqueous ethanol solution to obtain a third filtrate and a third filter residue; combining the first filtrate, the second filtrate and the third filtrate, and concentrating into an extract; drying the third filter residue, and adding into the extract; adding borneol into the extract; injecting 10-15 parts by weight of honey into a glass or ceramic container; putting the extract added with the borneol into the container coated with the honey; and sealing the container for 50-70 days to obtain the finished product. The invention further provides the outdoor nine-treasure extract. The outdoor nine-treasure extract has the effects, which can achieve full functional treatment to mild insect injury, of detoxifying, dispelling itching, removing swelling and stopping pains.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to outdoor goods technical field, more particularly to a kind of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract preparation method and outdoor nine treasure
Medicinal extract.
Background technology
As bourgeois growth is developed, city crowd increasingly likes outdoor exercises, outdoor exercises easily to give these
The people that live in air-conditioned room bring the various outdoor injuries, common outdoor injury to include insect bite, wound throughout the year.
Open air is the place of worm honeybee ant activity, is also easily bitten by it when people's activity in the wild and stung, worm honeybee ant thorn
Hinder skin, its secretion or venom are invaded into skin, due to containing various poison in the secretion of worm honeybee ant or the leachate of poison gland
Plain composition, these toxin can cause allergy, local tissue necrosis after human body skin is entered, and stung and sting the worms such as place's redness, pain
Wound.
Outdoor exercises article is carried by manpower, and load capacity is more few better.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide one kind has removing toxic substances, dispels and itches, subsides a swelling, relieving pain the fully functioning slight insect bite of reply
Outdoor nine precious medicinal extract preparation method.The purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, is made up of following steps：Take the weight portion of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI AMURENE 80~100 and crush first
Crushed material, crushes temperature and is less than 0 DEG C, crosses 20~50 mesh sieves；First crushed material is added into 8~10 times of the first crushed material quality
Water in, carry out ultrasonic wave extraction 30~50 minutes at 40~60 DEG C of constant temperature, obtain the first filtrate, the first residue；Take the Radix Astragali 20~
30 weight portions, the weight portion of golden cypress 20~30, the weight portion of edible tulip 5~10, the weight portion of cordate houttuynia 5~10, the weight of the root of bidentate achyranthes 20~30
Part carries out crushing to obtain the second crushed material；By first residue, second crushed material add second crushed material with it is described
In the ethanol water of the first 5~8 times of residue gross mass, refluxing extraction 1~2 is small under 40~60 DEG C of constant temperature, 0.1~0.3MPa
When, obtain the second filtrate；Take the weight portion of snake slough 20~40, carry out crushing 80~150 mesh sieves, add the snake slough quality 8~10
In ethanol water again, in the case where temperature is more than 60 DEG C, 0.1~0.3MPa, refluxing extraction 3~5 hours, obtains the 3rd filtrate, the 3rd
Filter residue；Water content is condensed into after first filtrate, the second filtrate, the 3rd filtrate are merged for 10%~18% medicinal extract；3rd filter
After slag carries out microwave drying, 80~150 mesh sieves were crushed, added in the medicinal extract, stirred；Take the weight of borneol 10~15
Part, 80~150 mesh sieves were crushed, add in the medicinal extract, stir；Take the weight portion implantation glass of honey 10~15 or ceramics
In container, the honey coats the container perisporium；The medicinal extract after the borneol will be added to be positioned over the coating honey
In the container afterwards；It is existing after sealing the container 50~70 days.
Preferably, the ethanol water is 65~75% ethanol waters (v/v).
Preferably, honey Baume degrees at 20 DEG C is more than 42.
Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic wave extraction is 50 watts, and frequency is 42Khz.
Preferably, the weight portion of the Radix Astragali 20~30, the weight portion of golden cypress 20~30, the weight portion of edible tulip 5~10, cordate houttuynia 5 are taken
~10 weight portions, the weight portion of the root of bidentate achyranthes 20~30 carry out crushing to obtain the second crushed material, and second crushed material crosses 5~20 mesh sieves.
Preferably, taking the weight portion of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI AMURENE 80~100 carries out crushing to obtain the first crushed material, crushes temperature and is less than -20~0
DEG C, cross 20~50 mesh sieves.
Preferably, sterilization steps are also included before the sealing container and/or after sealing the container.
Preferably, before the container is sealed, ozone sterilization is carried out to container and container chamber.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, and the purpose is to be achieved through the following technical solutions
's：
Outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, is obtained by the preparation method of outdoor nine foregoing precious medicinal extract.
It is of the invention to be related to the mechanism of action.
Monarch drug in a prescription：
CORTEX PHELLODENDRI AMURENE, trembles with fear, and returns kidney, bladder warp, heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, purging intense heat, except steaming, detoxification sore treatment；
Screen is moved back in snake slough, salty, sweet, flat, return liver warp, wind-dispelling, arresting convulsion, is detoxified.
Ministerial drug：
The Radix Astragali, tepor, return lung, the spleen channel, tonifying Qi and lifting yang, strengthening exterior and reducing sweat, inducing diuresis for removing edema, blood-nourishing of promoting the production of body fluid, the stagnant logical numbness of row, eliminating toxic row
Purulence, expelling pus and promoting granulation；
Golden cypress, it is bitter, tremble with fear, return kidney, bladder warp, heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, purging intense heat, except steaming, detoxification sore treatment；
Adjutant：
Borneol, it is bitter, it is slightly cold, the thoughts of returning home, spleen, lung channel, inducing resuscitation of having one's ideas straightened out, clearing away heat to and alleviating pain；
Edible tulip, micro-pungent, cool, Return liver, the spleen channel, clearing heat and detoxicating, reducing phlegm and resolving masses；
Cordate houttuynia, pungent, be slightly cold, return lung warp, the clearing heat and detoxicating, pain that disappears apocenosis, inducing diuresis for treating strangurtia；
Honey, sweet, flat, return lung, spleen, large intestine channel, are moisturized, relieve pain, detoxifying at bowl spares；
Make medicine：
The root of bidentate achyranthes, it is sweet, sour, flat, return liver and kidney channel, dispelling stasis of blood and stimulating the menstrual flow, filling liver kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles, inducing diuresis for treating strangurtia is ensuringd proper downward flow of the blood.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is：
With removing toxic substances, effect for itching, subside a swelling, relieving pain of dispelling.Suitable for treating various slight insect bites, wound.
Optional application method of the invention：Outdoor nine precious medicinal extract are directly used, or with water, ethanol water, grease, all
Cleaning or coating injury after intellectual circle or the mixing of other matrix.Usage amount, frequency of use elect according to individual concrete condition.
It should be noted that the present invention forbids eating, and used with caution for pregnant woman, child；The present invention is for other diseases
Shape is not yet clear and definite, please don't be used for other symptoms；For severe or have other additional diseases person do not apply to.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below by way of specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, is made up of following steps：Taking the weight portion of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI AMURENE 90 carries out crushing to obtain the first crushing
Thing, crushes -10 DEG C of temperature, crosses 50 mesh sieves；During first crushed material added into the water of 10 times of the first crushed material quality, constant temperature 50
Ultrasonic wave extraction is carried out at DEG C 30 minutes, filters to obtain the first filtrate, the first residue, the power of the ultrasonic wave extraction is 50 watts,
Frequency is 42Khz；Take the weight portion of the Radix Astragali 20, the weight portion of golden cypress 30, the weight portion of edible tulip 10, the weight portion of cordate houttuynia 7, the weight of the root of bidentate achyranthes 20
Amount part carries out crushing to obtain the second crushed material, and second crushed material crosses 5 mesh sieves；By first residue, second crushed material
In adding second crushed material and the ethanol water of 6 times of the first residue gross mass, under 50 DEG C of constant temperature, 0.13MPa
Refluxing extraction 1.5 hours, filters to obtain the second filtrate, and the ethanol water is 70% ethanol water (v/v)；Take the weight of snake slough 30
Measure part, carry out crushing 150 mesh sieves, in the ethanol water of addition 10 times of the snake slough quality, in temperature 70 C, 0.15MPa
Lower refluxing extraction 5 hours, obtains the 3rd filtrate, the 3rd filter residue；It is dense after first filtrate, the second filtrate, the 3rd filtrate are merged
Water content is shortened into for 10%~18% medicinal extract；After 3rd filter residue carries out microwave drying, 100 mesh sieves were crushed, in the addition medicinal extract,
Stir；The weight portion of borneol 15 is taken, 100 mesh sieves were crushed, added in the medicinal extract, stirred；Take the weight portion of honey 15
In implantation glass or ceramic vessel, the honey coats the container perisporium, that is, during storage medicinal extract with container across honey,
Contributing to medicinal extract to preserve can progressively penetrate into a part of the medicinal extract as medicinal extract, honey ripple at 20 DEG C with antibacterial and honey
U.S. degree is more than 42；In the container after the medicinal extract after the borneol will be added to be positioned over the coating honey；Container and
Container chamber carries out ozone sterilization, and the sealing container is existing after 50 days, and the ozone being stored in after sealing in container can be decomposed gradually
Continuous sterilization, finally resolves into oxygen therefore will not introduce other materials in nine precious medicinal extract out of doors.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, is made up of following steps：Taking the weight portion of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI AMURENE 80 carries out crushing to obtain the first crushing
Thing, crushes -1 DEG C of temperature, crosses 20 mesh sieves；During first crushed material added into the water of 8 times of the first crushed material quality, 40 DEG C of constant temperature
Under carry out ultrasonic wave extraction 50 minutes, obtain the first filtrate, the first residue, the power of the ultrasonic wave extraction is 50 watts, and frequency is
42Khz；The weight portion of the Radix Astragali 25, the weight portion of golden cypress 20, the weight portion of edible tulip 7, the weight portion of cordate houttuynia 10, the weight portion of the root of bidentate achyranthes 25 is taken to enter
Row crushes to obtain the second crushed material, and second crushed material crosses 5 mesh sieves；First residue, second crushed material are added into institute
In stating the second crushed material and the ethanol water of 8 times of the first residue gross mass, the refluxing extraction under 40 DEG C of constant temperature, 0.1MPa
2 hours, the second filtrate is obtained, the ethanol water is 65% ethanol water (v/v)；Take the weight portion of snake slough 25, crushed
100 mesh sieves, add in the ethanol water of 8 times of the snake slough quality, and ethanol water is 65% ethanol water (v/v), in temperature
Refluxing extraction 4 hours, obtains the 3rd filtrate, the 3rd filter residue under 60 DEG C of degree, 0.1MPa；By first filtrate, the second filtrate, the 3rd
Filtrate is condensed into water content for 10%~18% medicinal extract after merging；After 3rd filter residue carries out microwave drying, 150 mesh sieves were crushed, plus
Enter in the medicinal extract, stir；The weight portion of borneol 15 is taken, 150 mesh sieves were crushed, added in the medicinal extract, stirred；Take
In the weight portion implantation glass of honey 12 or ceramic vessel, the honey coats the container perisporium, honey ripple at 20 DEG C
U.S. degree is more than 42；Sealing is described in the container after the medicinal extract after the borneol will be added to be positioned over the coating honey
Container is existing after 60 days.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, is made up of following steps：Taking the weight portion of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI AMURENE 100 carries out crushing to obtain the first crushing
Thing, crushes 0 DEG C of temperature, crosses 20 mesh sieves；During first crushed material added into the water of 9 times of the first crushed material quality, 60 DEG C of constant temperature
Under carry out ultrasonic wave extraction 40 minutes, obtain the first filtrate, the first residue, the power of the ultrasonic wave extraction is 50 watts, and frequency is
42Khz；The weight portion of the Radix Astragali 30, the weight portion of golden cypress 25, the weight portion of edible tulip 5, the weight portion of cordate houttuynia 5, the weight portion of the root of bidentate achyranthes 30 is taken to enter
Row crushes to obtain the second crushed material, and second crushed material crosses 5 mesh sieves；First residue, second crushed material are added into institute
State in the second crushed material and the ethanol water of 8 times of the first residue gross mass, flowed back under 60 DEG C of constant temperature, 0.18MPa and carried
Take 1 hour, obtain the second filtrate, the ethanol water is 75% ethanol water (v/v)；Take the weight portion of snake slough 35, crushed
80 mesh sieves are crossed, in the ethanol water of addition 8 times of the snake slough quality, the refluxing extraction 3 hours under 75 DEG C of temperature, 0.18MPa,
Obtain the 3rd filtrate, the 3rd filter residue；Will first filtrate, the second filtrate, the 3rd filtrate be condensed into after merging water content for 10%~
18% medicinal extract；After 3rd filter residue carries out microwave drying, 80 mesh sieves were crushed, added in the medicinal extract, stirred；Take borneol 12
Weight portion, crushed 80 mesh sieves, in adding the medicinal extract, in taking the weight portion implantation glass of honey 15 or ceramic vessel, and the honeybee
The honey coating container perisporium, honey Baume degrees at 20 DEG C is more than 42；The medicinal extract after the borneol will be added to put
In the container being placed in after the coating honey；Container and container chamber carry out ozone sterilization, seal the container existing.
Embodiment 4
Outdoor nine precious medicinal extract being made up of embodiment 1~3.
Embodiment 5
A kind of outdoor medicinal herb product, including outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, remaining composition can include matrix.
By nearly 50 person-times of verification experimental verifications among the people, effect is significant reaches the present invention for slight insect bite total effective rate
95%。
Experimental example：Effect average time
| The removing toxic substances time | Dispel the time of itching | Swelling time | Analgesic time | |
| Blank | 2.5day（2 groups of honeybees sting averagely） | 17.8min（10 groups of bite by mosquitos are average） | 4.5day (average after 2 groups of mao mao's insect bite debridements) | 54.5min (3 groups of insect bites are average) |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.3day（5 groups of honeybee stings are average） | 4.1min（20 groups of bite by mosquitos are average） | 2.2day (5 groups of mao mao's insect bites are average) | 21.2min (5 groups of insect bites are average) |
The removing toxic substances time, refer here to insect bites injection human body venom, human body produce pain swell itch reaction be wholly absent when
Between, with 0.5day as scale division value；Swelling time, here swollen refers to insect injection human body venom, and what human body was produced is swollen with anti-
Should, to time for being wholly absent is swollen with after medication, with 0.5day as scale division value；Dispel the time of itching, scabies is arrived after referring here to medication
Itch the time for starting to slow down, with 1min as scale division value；Analgesic time, refer here to after medication to pain start to slow down when
Between, with 1min as scale division value.The above time all uses multigroup mean value calculation；This experiment belongs to relativity experiment；Blank
Refer to completely dispense with medicine, embodiment 1 refers to the outdoor nine precious medicinal extract that are prepared by embodiment 1 twice of a sky until recovery from illness.
In various embodiments of the present invention, mentioned raw material is preferably conformed to《Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China》Quality standard
Raw material, it is less preferred according to《Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China》Raw material prepared by similar medicinal material making standard in same mesh, section or category.
Though " process it is numerous must less manpower, though taste expensive must subtract material resources ", non-authentic medicinal herbs, non-critical are according to processing
Operation experiment effect is indefinite, asks careful attention.
Embodiment described above, simply one kind of the present invention more preferably specific embodiment, those skilled in the art
The usual variations and alternatives that member is carried out in the range of technical solution of the present invention all should be comprising within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, it is characterised in that be made up of following steps：
Taking the weight portion of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI AMURENE 80~100 carries out crushing to obtain the first crushed material, crushes temperature and is less than 0 DEG C, crosses 20~50 mesh sieves；
By in the water of the first crushed material addition 8~10 times of the first crushed material quality, ultrasonic wave is carried out at 40~60 DEG C of constant temperature
Extract 30~50 minutes, obtain the first filtrate, the first residue；
Take the weight portion of the Radix Astragali 20~30, the weight portion of golden cypress 20~30, the weight portion of edible tulip 5~10, the weight portion of cordate houttuynia 5~10,
The weight portion of the root of bidentate achyranthes 20~30 carries out crushing to obtain the second crushed material；
First residue, second crushed material are added into second crushed material and 5~8 times of the first residue gross mass
Ethanol water in, refluxing extraction 1~2 hour, obtains the second filtrate under 40~60 DEG C of constant temperature, 0.1~0.3MPa；
Take the weight portion of snake slough 20~40, carry out crushing 80~150 mesh sieves, add the ethanol water of 8~10 times of the snake slough quality
In solution, in the case where temperature is more than 60 DEG C, 0.1~0.3MPa, refluxing extraction 3~5 hours, obtains the 3rd filtrate, the 3rd filter residue；
Water content is condensed into after first filtrate, the second filtrate, the 3rd filtrate are merged for 10%~18% medicinal extract；
After 3rd filter residue carries out microwave drying, 80~150 mesh sieves were crushed, added in the medicinal extract, stirred；
The weight portion of borneol 10~15 is taken, 80~150 mesh sieves were crushed, added in the medicinal extract, stirred；
Take in the weight portion implantation glass of honey 10~15 or ceramic vessel, the honey coats the container perisporium；
In the container after the medicinal extract after the borneol will be added to be positioned over the coating honey；
It is existing after sealing the container 50~70 days.
2. the preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ethanol water be 65~
75% ethanol water (v/v).
3. the preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Honey Baume at 20 DEG C
Degree is more than 42.
4. the preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The power of the ultrasonic wave extraction
It it is 50 watts, frequency is 42Khz.
5. the preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Take the weight of the Radix Astragali 20~30
Part, the weight portion of golden cypress 20~30, the weight portion of edible tulip 5~10, the weight portion of cordate houttuynia 5~10, the weight portion of the root of bidentate achyranthes 20~30 are carried out
The second crushed material is crushed to obtain, second crushed material crosses 5~20 mesh sieves.
6. the preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Take the weight of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI AMURENE 80~100
Amount part carries out crushing to obtain the first crushed material, crushes temperature -20~0 DEG C, crosses 20~50 mesh sieves.
7. the preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Before the container is sealed
And/or also include sterilization steps after sealing the container.
8. the preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Before the container is sealed,
Ozone sterilization is carried out to container and container chamber.
9. a kind of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract, it is characterised in that：As the preparation method of outdoor nine precious medicinal extract described in claim 1~8
It is obtained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611130529.0A CN106692681A (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | Outdoor nine-treasure extract and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611130529.0A CN106692681A (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | Outdoor nine-treasure extract and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103463369A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-25 | 方立泉 | Externally-applied type traditional Chinese medicine mosquito antidote and preparation process thereof |
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| CN103463369A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-25 | 方立泉 | Externally-applied type traditional Chinese medicine mosquito antidote and preparation process thereof |
| CN104983978A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-21 | 万小耀 | External-use medicine composition for treating burn, external-use ointment for treating burn and preparing method of external-use ointment |
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Application publication date: 20170524 |