CN106684263A - Preparation method of OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) pixel unit and OLED display panel - Google Patents
Preparation method of OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) pixel unit and OLED display panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106684263A CN106684263A CN201510762006.7A CN201510762006A CN106684263A CN 106684263 A CN106684263 A CN 106684263A CN 201510762006 A CN201510762006 A CN 201510762006A CN 106684263 A CN106684263 A CN 106684263A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) device and an OLED display panel. The preparation method of the OLED device comprises the steps of providing a substrate; preparing an anode layer on the substrate; preparing an organic light-emitting layer on the metal anode layer; preparing a cathode layer on the organic light-emitting layer; and preparing a light extraction layer used for extracting different colors of light-emitting materials on the cathode layer, wherein a refractive index of the cathode layer is lower than a refractive index of the light extraction layer. The refractive index of the cathode layer is lower than the refractive index of the light extraction layer, so that extraction can be performed on 80% of light lost inside the OLED device, total internal reflection of partial light in the transmission process is avoided, and the luminous efficiency of the OLED device is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of semiconductor fabrication techniques field, more particularly to a kind of OLED pixel
The preparation method and OLED display panel of unit.
Background technology
Existing OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode Organic Electricity laser displays)
Device, as shown in figure 1, a kind of structural representation of existing OLED device, in a glass
Anode 5 ', hole injection and transport layer 4 ', organic luminous layer 3 ' are set gradually on substrate,
Electric transmission and implanted layer 2 ', negative electrode 1 ', form a reflected in parallel structure, OLED device
In use, a voltage is applied between anode 5 ' and negative electrode 1 ', electric current is from the moon
Pole 1 ' flows to anode 5 ', and through organic luminous layer 3 ' (electric current refers to the flowing of electronics),
Negative electrode 1 ' to organic luminous layer 3 ' exports electronics, and anode 5 ' is absorbed from organic luminous layer 3 '
The electronics (this can be considered as anode 5 ' and export hole to conducting shell, and both effects are equal) for transmitting,
In organic luminous layer 3 ' and the intersection of hole transmission layer, electrons are combined with hole, electronics
When running into hole, can filling hole (certain energy that electrons are fallen into scarce betatopic atom
Level).When this process occurs, electrons are released energy in the form of photon.And then cause
OLED device lights.It is different according to formula, adjust the organic molecule of organic luminous layer 3 '
Type, can produce Red Green Blue, constitute basic color, the brightness of its light or strong
Degree is then directly proportional (electric current is bigger, and the brightness of light or intensity are higher) to electric current, but existing
OLED device, because OLED device lights as special reflected in parallel structure, major part is sent out
The light for going out is in interface (junction inside OLED device between layers is referred to as interface) place's shape
Into total reflection, only about 20% luminous energy is transmitted from OLED device and got into the air
And be utilized, its light extraction efficiency is relatively low, and the light being not extracted by then is lost in the form of heat energy,
Affect the service life of OLED device.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art part, the present invention provides a kind of system of OLED pixel unit
Preparation Method and OLED display panel, for arranging a light-extraction layer on OLED pixel unit, in
Light-extraction layer upper end continues to arrange the common layer of a light extraction, improves light and takes out effect.
The technical scheme is that：
One substrate is provided；
An anode layer is prepared on the substrate；
An organic luminous layer is prepared on the anode layer；
A cathode layer is prepared on the organic luminous layer；And
One is prepared on the cathode layer to extract the organic luminous layer transmitting light ripple
Long light-extraction layer；Wherein,
Refractive index of the refractive index of the cathode layer less than the light-extraction layer.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit, wherein the light-extraction layer
Including one or more layers light extraction film.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit, wherein, using evaporation process
Or wet processing prepares the light extraction film.
Preferably, the preparation method of OLED pixel unit, wherein, the light-extraction layer includes
Stacked multilayer light extraction film, and launch the direction institute that light extends along the organic luminous layer
The refractive index for stating stacked multilayer light extraction film successively increases.
Preferably, the preparation method of OLED pixel unit, wherein, organic luminous layer includes red
Sub-pixels unit, green sub-pixels unit, blue subpixels unit, the light-extraction layer bag
Include extract red sub-pixel unit transmitting wavelength of light red sub-pixel unit extract layer,
Extract the green sub-pixels unit extract layer of the green sub-pixels unit transmitting wavelength of light, carry
Take the blue subpixels unit extract layer that the blue subpixels unit launches wavelength of light.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit, wherein, also it is included in described
A common layer is prepared on light-extraction layer, wherein the refractive index of the light-extraction layer is less than described common
The refractive index of logical layer.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit, wherein, in methods described,
The step of preparing an anode layer on the substrate include,
A metal anode layer is prepared on the substrate；
A hole injection layer is prepared on the metal anode layer；
A hole transmission layer is prepared on the hole injection layer；And
The organic luminous layer is located on the hole transmission layer.
Preferably, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit, wherein, in methods described, in
The step of preparing a cathode layer on the organic luminous layer includes：
An electron transfer layer is prepared on the organic luminous layer；
A metal cathode layer is prepared on the electron transfer layer.
A kind of OLED display panel, wherein, including a plurality of pixel cells being arranged on substrate,
Each described pixel cell includes,
Metal anode layer, is arranged on the substrate；
Luminescent layer, is arranged on the metal anode layer；
Cathode layer, is arranged on the luminescent layer；
Light-extraction layer, is arranged on the cathode layer；Wherein,
Refractive index of the refractive index of the cathode layer less than the light-extraction layer.
Preferably, above-mentioned OLED display panel, wherein, the luminescent layer is specifically included：
Hole injection layer, is arranged on the metal anode layer；
Hole transmission layer, is arranged on the hole injection layer；
Organic luminous layer, is arranged on the hole transmission layer；
Electron transfer layer, it is arranged on the organic luminous layer.
Preferably, above-mentioned OLED display panel, wherein, set on the light-extraction layer
A common layer is put, wherein refractive index of the refractive index of the cathode layer less than the light-extraction layer.
Preferably, above-mentioned OLED display panel, wherein, the organic luminous layer includes red
Sub-pixels unit, green sub-pixels unit, blue subpixels unit.
Preferably, above-mentioned OLED display panel, wherein, the light-extraction layer includes extracting described
The red sub-pixel unit extract layer of red sub-pixel unit transmitting wavelength of light, extraction are described green
The green sub-pixels unit extract layer of sub-pixels unit transmitting wavelength of light, the extraction blueness
Sub-pixel unit launches the blue subpixels unit extract layer of wavelength of light.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the invention that：
(1) light-extraction layer is prepared on cathode layer, and the refractive index of the cathode layer is low
In the refractive index of the light-extraction layer, because the refractive index of the cathode layer is less than the light-extraction layer
Refractive index, i.e., light extraction operation is carried out inside OLED pixel unit, can be to OLED pictures
The light of 80% be depleted inside plain unit extracted, it is to avoid some light is in transmitting procedure
Middle generation inner full-reflection, substantially increases the light extraction efficiency of OLED pixel unit.It is simultaneously big
The light loss inside OLED pixel unit is reduced greatly, that is, greatly reduce OLED pixel unit
(light being not extracted by inside OLED pixel unit is generally converted to heat for internal thermal losses
Consumed), further increase the service life of OLED pixel unit.
(2) light-extraction layer is formed by multilayer light extraction film, using evaporation process or wet method work
Skill prepares to form above-mentioned light extraction film, is conducive to be combineding with each other between light-extraction layer film, together
When with certain packaging effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of existing OLED display panel structural representation；
Fig. 2 is a kind of process chart of the preparation method of OLED pixel unit of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the OLED display panel of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described with specific embodiment, but not as this
The restriction of invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, to the technical side in the embodiment of the present invention
Case is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only the present invention one
Divide embodiment, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is general
The every other enforcement that logical technical staff is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made
Example, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiment and embodiment in the case where not conflicting, in the present invention
In feature can be mutually combined.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described with specific embodiment, but not as this
The restriction of invention.
The application makes light-extraction layer on OLED upper stratas, continues to arrange one in light-extraction layer upper end
Common layer, the interface total reflection destroyed inside OLED device by light-extraction layer, is improved light and is taken
Go out efficiency, additionally by light-extraction layer and common layer the purity that light improves light output is heightened.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of preparation method of OLED pixel unit, wherein, including
One substrate is provided；
An anode layer is prepared on the substrate；
An organic luminous layer is prepared on the anode layer；
A cathode layer is prepared on the organic luminous layer；And
One is prepared on the cathode layer to extract the organic luminous layer transmitting wavelength of light
Light-extraction layer；Refractive index of the refractive index of wherein described cathode layer less than the light-extraction layer.Enter
One step ground, the organic luminous layer includes red sub-pixel unit, green sub-pixels unit, indigo plant
Sub-pixels unit, the light-extraction layer includes that extracting the red sub-pixel unit launches light
The red sub-pixel unit extract layer of wavelength, the extraction green sub-pixels unit launch light ripple
Long green sub-pixels unit extract layer, the extraction blue subpixels unit transmitting wavelength of light
Blue subpixels unit extract layer.
The present invention operation principle be：One is prepared on cathode layer to extract different wavelengths of light
The extract layer of line, and the refractive index of above-mentioned cathode layer is less than the refractive index of above-mentioned light-extraction layer, because
The refractive index of above-mentioned cathode layer is less than the refractive index of above-mentioned light-extraction layer, i.e., to OLED pixel list
It is first internal carry out light extraction operation, can be depleted inside OLED pixel unit 80%
Light is extracted, it is to avoid some light occurs inner full-reflection in transmitting procedure, carries significantly
The high light extraction efficiency of OLED pixel unit.Greatly reduce inside OLED pixel unit simultaneously
Light loss, that is, greatly reduce the thermal losses of OLED pixel unit (in OLED pixel unit
The light being not extracted by portion is generally converted to heat and is consumed), further increase OLED pictures
The service life of plain unit.
As further preferred embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit,
Wherein, the light-extraction layer includes one or more layers light extraction film.Further, the light
Extract layer includes stacked multilayer light extraction film, and prolongs along organic luminous layer transmitting light
The refractive index of multilayer light extraction film being stacked described in the direction stretched successively increases, by one layer or
The light extraction film of multilayer, is conducive to further improving light extraction efficiency.
As further preferred embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit,
Wherein, prepare to form above-mentioned light extraction film using evaporation process or wet processing, be conducive to light
Be combineding with each other between layer film is extracted, while with certain packaging effect.
As further preferred embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit, its
In, one common layer of preparation on above-mentioned light-extraction layer is also included in,.Wherein, above-mentioned light extraction
Refractive index of the refractive index of layer less than above-mentioned common layer.Because the refractive index of above-mentioned light-extraction layer is less than
The refractive index of above-mentioned common layer, further destroys the total reflection inside OLED pixel unit,
Further increase the light extraction efficiency of OLED pixel unit.Further, light-extraction layer can be adopted
(but being not limited to light absorbent) is formed with light absorbent, light is collected by light absorbent
In, it is beneficial to improve out the purity of light.
As further preferred embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit,
Wherein, the step of methods described prepares an anode layer on the substrate include,
A metal anode layer is prepared on the substrate；
A hole injection layer is prepared on the metal anode layer；
A hole transmission layer is prepared on the hole injection layer；And
The organic luminous layer is located on the hole transmission layer.
Apply between anode and negative electrode in the case of predetermined voltage, voltage difference between anode and negative electrode
Electric current is produced, the electric current of metal anode layer drives the hole migration of hole injection layer, hole migration
Direction is consistent with current direction, and hole is transferred to organic luminous layer into after hole transmission layer,
Hole is combined in organic luminous layer and electronics (cathodic migration is out), in recombination process
Photon is produced, photon is light.
As further preferred embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned OLED pixel unit, wherein,
The step of preparing a cathode layer on the organic luminous layer in methods described includes：
An electron transfer layer is prepared on the organic luminous layer；
A metal cathode layer is prepared on the electron transfer layer.
Apply between anode layer and cathode layer in the case of predetermined voltage, electricity between anode and negative electrode
Pressure reduction produces electric current, and the electric current of metal cathode layer drives the electronics in metal cathode layer to enter to electricity
Sub- transport layer, electronics is transferred to organic luminous layer into after electron transfer layer, and electronics is organic
Luminescent layer is combined with hole, and in recombination process photon is produced, and photon is light.Cathode layer
Generally formed using the material of low work function, and then can effectively by the electronics of metal cathode layer
It is injected into electron transfer layer.
As shown in figure 3, present invention simultaneously provides a kind of OLED display panel, wherein, including setting
The a plurality of pixel cells being placed on substrate, each described pixel cell includes,
Metal anode layer 6, is arranged on aforesaid substrate；
Luminescent layer；It is arranged on the metal anode layer 6；
Cathode layer 1, is arranged on the luminescent layer；And
Light-extraction layer 7, is arranged on the cathode layer 1, and with the organic luminous layer 3
Transmitting light is Wavelength matched；Wherein
Refractive index of the refractive index of the cathode layer 1 less than the light-extraction layer 7.
Further, luminescent layer includes：
Hole injection layer, is arranged on the metal anode layer 6；
Hole transmission layer, is arranged on the hole injection layer；
Organic luminous layer 3, is arranged on above-mentioned hole transmission layer, further, described organic
Luminescent layer includes red sub-pixel unit, green sub-pixels unit, blue subpixels unit.
Electron transfer layer 2, it is arranged on the organic luminous layer 3.
One light-extraction layer 7 is set on cathode layer 1, and the refractive index of above-mentioned cathode layer 1 is low
In the refractive index of above-mentioned light-extraction layer 7, because the refractive index of above-mentioned cathode layer 1 is carried less than above-mentioned light
The refractive index of layer 7 is taken, i.e., light extraction operation is carried out inside pixel cell, can be to pixel list
First internal 80% light being depleted extracted, it is to avoid some light is sent out in transmitting procedure
Raw inner full-reflection, substantially increases the light extraction efficiency of single pixel unit.Greatly reduce simultaneously
Light loss inside pixel cell, that is, reduce thermal losses (the pixel list inside pixel cell
The light being not extracted by inside unit is generally converted to heat and is consumed), further increase picture
The service life of plain unit.
As further preferred embodiment, above-mentioned OLED display panel, wherein, Yu Shang
State one common layer 8 of setting on light-extraction layer 7.Wherein, the refractive index of above-mentioned light-extraction layer 7
Less than the refractive index of above-mentioned common layer 8.Because the refractive index of above-mentioned light-extraction layer 7 is less than above-mentioned common
The refractive index of logical layer 8, further destroys the total reflection inside OLED pixel unit, enters one
Step improves the light extraction efficiency of OLED pixel unit.Further, extract layer 7 and common layer
8 are formed using light absorbent, and unwanted light is absorbed by light absorbent, are beneficial to
Improve out the purity of light.
As further preferred embodiment, above-mentioned OLED display panel, wherein, also wrap
Include and a hole injection layer 5 is set on above-mentioned metal anode layer 6；In above-mentioned hole injection layer
One hole transmission layer 4 is set on 5.
As further preferred embodiment, above-mentioned OLED display panel, wherein, also wrap
Include and a cathode layer 3 is set on above-mentioned organic luminous layer 3.
As further preferred embodiment, above-mentioned OLED display panel, wherein, enter one
Step ground, the light-extraction layer includes and the organic luminous layer (red sub-pixel unit, green
Sub-pixel unit, blue subpixels unit) matching blue subpixels unit extract layer 71,
Green sub-pixels unit extract layer 72, red sub-pixel unit light line drawing layer 73.Because of difference
The optical wavelength of sub-pixel is different, and the refractive index corresponding to each of which sub-pixel is also differed, so
Each sub-pixel arranges a sub-pixel light-extraction layer for individually matching, and (blue subpixels unit is extracted
Layer 71, green sub-pixels unit extract layer 72, red sub-pixel unit light line drawing layer 73),
To the efficiency and light extraction quality that further provide for light extraction.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, embodiments of the present invention are not thereby limited
And protection domain, to those skilled in the art, should can appreciate that all with this
Obtained by equivalent and obvious change done by bright specification and diagramatic content
Scheme, should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of preparation method of OLED pixel unit, it is characterised in that include：
One substrate is provided；
An anode layer is prepared on the substrate；
An organic luminous layer is prepared on the anode layer；
A cathode layer is prepared on the organic luminous layer；And
One is prepared on the cathode layer to extract the organic luminous layer transmitting light ripple
Long light-extraction layer；Wherein,
Refractive index of the refractive index of the cathode layer less than the light-extraction layer.
2. the preparation method of OLED pixel unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The light-extraction layer includes one or more layers light extraction film.
3. the preparation method of OLED pixel unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The light extraction film is prepared using evaporation process or wet processing.
4. the preparation method of OLED pixel unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The light-extraction layer includes stacked multilayer light extraction film, and along organic luminous layer transmitting
The refractive index of the multilayer light extraction film being stacked described in the direction that light extends successively increases.
5. the preparation method of OLED pixel unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The organic luminous layer is included selected from following color sub-pixels unit：It is red sub-pixel unit, green
Sub-pixels unit and blue subpixels unit, wherein the species of the light-extraction layer includes correspondence
Extract the red sub-pixel unit extract layer of red sub-pixel unit transmitting wavelength of light, right
Should extract green sub-pixels unit transmitting wavelength of light green sub-pixels unit extract layer,
And correspondence extracts the blue subpixels unit that the blue subpixels unit launches wavelength of light
Extract layer.
6. the preparation method of OLED pixel unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
One common layer of preparation on the light-extraction layer is also included in, wherein the refraction of the light-extraction layer
Refractive index of the rate less than the common layer.
7. the preparation method of OLED pixel unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In methods described, include the step of prepare an anode layer on the substrate,
A metal anode layer is prepared on the substrate；
A hole injection layer is prepared on the metal anode layer；
A hole transmission layer is prepared on the hole injection layer；And
The organic luminous layer is located on the hole transmission layer.
8. the pixel cell preparation method of OLED device according to claim 1, its feature
It is in methods described, to include the step of prepare the cathode layer on the organic luminous layer：
An electron transfer layer is prepared on the organic luminous layer；
A metal cathode layer is prepared on the electron transfer layer.
9. a kind of OLED display panel, it is characterised in that including a plurality of pictures being arranged on substrate
Plain unit, each described pixel cell includes,
Metal anode layer, is arranged on the substrate；
Luminescent layer；It is arranged on the metal anode layer；
Cathode layer, is arranged on the luminescent layer；And
Light-extraction layer, is arranged on the cathode layer；Wherein,
Refractive index of the refractive index of the cathode layer less than the light-extraction layer.
10. OLED display panel according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described luminous
Layer is specifically included：
Hole injection layer, is arranged on the metal anode layer；
Hole transmission layer, is arranged on the hole injection layer；
Organic luminous layer, is arranged on the hole transmission layer；
Electron transfer layer, it is arranged on the organic luminous layer.
11. OLED display panels according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the light is carried
Take and be provided with layer a common layer, wherein the refractive index of the cathode layer is less than the light extraction
The refractive index of layer.
12. OLED display panels according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described organic
Luminescent layer is included selected from following color sub-pixels unit：Red sub-pixel unit, green sub-pixels
Unit and blue subpixels unit.
13. OLED display panels according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the light is carried
Taking the species of layer includes that correspondence extracts the redness that the red sub-pixel unit launches wavelength of light
Sub-pixel unit extract layer, correspondence extract the green of the green sub-pixels unit transmitting wavelength of light
Sub-pixels unit extract layer and correspondence extract the blue subpixels unit and launch light ripple
Long blue subpixels unit extract layer.
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| CN110098351A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-06 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Display panel and preparation method thereof |
| CN111244324A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-05 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Organic light emitting diode display panel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112670427A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-16 | 纳晶科技股份有限公司 | Flexible substrate, flexible display device with flexible substrate and preparation method of flexible display device |
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Application publication date: 20170517 |
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