CN106673833A - Drop irrigation fertilizer special for potatoes and production method of drop irrigation fertilizer - Google Patents

Drop irrigation fertilizer special for potatoes and production method of drop irrigation fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106673833A
CN106673833A CN201611237962.4A CN201611237962A CN106673833A CN 106673833 A CN106673833 A CN 106673833A CN 201611237962 A CN201611237962 A CN 201611237962A CN 106673833 A CN106673833 A CN 106673833A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
potato
fertilizer
drip irrigation
irrigation fertilizer
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CN201611237962.4A
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Inventor
陈肖虎
赵平原
刘利
黄碧芳
金会心
李军旗
唐道文
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Guizhou University
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Guizhou University
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Priority to CN201611237962.4A priority Critical patent/CN106673833A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B11/00Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes
    • C05B11/04Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes using mineral acid
    • C05B11/10Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes using mineral acid using orthophosphoric acid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, and in particular to drop irrigation fertilizer special for potatoes and a production method. The drop irrigation fertilizer is prepared by taking a phosphoric acid, potassium sulfate, carbomite, trace elements, medium elements, sodium thiosulfate and an emulsifier as raw materials and through the steps of mixing, crystallizing and drying. Water-soluble fertilizer grains are small and uniform, the nutrition is comprehensive, the water solubility is high, and the fertilizer effect is remarkable.

Description

One kind the tool special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato and production method
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical technology field, the especially a kind of special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato and production method.
Background technology
Potato is Solanaceae Solanum herbaceous plant, and its stem tuber can be edible, is important grain, vegetables dual-purpose crop.Horse Bell potato is the most important cereal crops as mankind's staple food at present in the world in addition to cereal.Its adaptability to soil It is very strong, planted extensively in the whole world.Current nearly 5,000,000 hectares of potato of China's plantation, but per unit area yield is very low, average product per hectare Less than 3000 kilograms, this is not only relevant with potato cultivar and soil fertility, also and during current potato planting Fertilization Level it is relevant.
At present, the method for traditional cultivation potato is after being mixed using common fertilizer or common fertilizer Potato special fertilizer is obtained, the method that this kind prepares potato fertilizer is difficult to meet potato to the nutrition such as N P and K calcium and magnesium unit The demand of element;Such as Patent No. CN201510621724.2《A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof》Disclose one kind With malicious trifoliate jewelvine 20-150 parts, bark of official magnolia 20-150 parts, aloe 15-100 parts, burmann cinnamon leaf 15-100 parts, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica 15-100 parts, Leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera 15-100 parts, capsicum 15-100 parts, print 15-100 parts of chinaberry, tobacco leftovers 15-100 parts, 15-100 parts of garlic bar, Fulvic acid 10-40 parts, waste residue 10-18 parts, 8-12 parts of Pomacea canaliculata powder, biological bacteria 4-8 parts, 2-6 parts of trace element, water-loss reducer 2- 6 parts, conditioner 2-6 parts, dispersant 2-4 parts, 45-120 parts of fat, sylvite 2-3 parts, microcosmic salt 1-3 parts, nitrogen salt 1-2 parts, boron salt 0.2-0.4 parts, molysite 0.2-0.4 parts, zinc salt 0.2-0.4 parts, manganese salt 0.2-0.4 parts, the raw material such as mantoquita 0.2-0.4 parts be made, It can be seen that, the technical scheme raw material is excessively complicated, and causes high cost, and the fertilizer impurity for obtaining is excessive.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato, raw material is calculated as with weight point:Phosphorus It is 20~45 parts of acid, 30~45 parts of potassium sulfate, 20~45 parts of phosphoamide, 1~5 part of trace element, 6~15 parts of moderate-element, thio 3~7 parts of sodium sulphate, 1~4 part of emulsifying agent.
Another object of the present invention provides the drip irrigation fertilizer production method, comprises the following steps:
(1) mix:It is (0.9-1.3) according to mol ratio by phosphoric acid and phosphoamide:1 in stirring-type reaction kettle, and temperature is 70~100 DEG C, control the mixing speed of stirred tank to stir 1~3h of hybrid reaction for 200~220r/min, obtain slurry;
(2) crystallize:Potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, trace element, moderate-element, emulsifying agent are added to (1) stirring simultaneously In kettle, temperature is maintained at 60~80 DEG C, after stirring 1h, is placed in and is cooled to temperature≤17 DEG C in cooler crystallizer in 13s, and detect Nutrient content in analysis filtrate, treats that nitrogen component, phosphorus pentoxide composition, the mass ratio of potassium composition are (0.8~1.2):(0.5 ~0.7):When (1.3~1.5), stopping is crystallized and filtered, and the pore size of filter is 0.6~1.0mm, is adjusted with nitric acid PH to 6.5~7.0, Water soluble fertilizer is turned into middle and trace element, emulsifying agent and reaction promoter adjustment fertilizer structure is added in filtrate First finished product;
(3) dry:Just finished product is placed in drier the Water soluble fertilizer that step (3) is obtained, and it is 5 DEG C/min to use programming rate 45-50 DEG C is warming up to, after drying 2~3h, adjustment moisture is 1-3%, you can the drip irrigation fertilizer for improving soil is obtained.
Wherein described trace element is the combination in molybdenum trisulfate, divalence iron chelate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate.
Wherein described trace element is in parts by weight:0.2~1.1 part of molybdenum trisulfate, divalence iron chelate 0.6~1.2 Part, 0.3~0.9 part of boric acid, 0.6~1.0 part of zinc sulfate, the combination of 0.3~0.8 part of manganese sulfate.
Wherein described moderate-element is calcium sulfate, the combination of magnesium sulfate.
Wherein described moderate-element is in parts by weight 4~8 parts of calcium sulfate, the combination of 2~7 parts of magnesium sulfate.
Wherein described emulsifying agent is hydrophily sucrose ester, and its preparation method is comprised the following steps:
(1) in aliphatic acid, ethanol and the concentrated sulfuric acid being put into reaction kettle of the esterification respectively, and aliphatic acid, ethanol are in mass ratio 1:3 is that reaction temperature is 100~110 DEG C, the excessive ethanol of Distillation recovery, and washs pH to 6.5~7.0, that is, obtain intermediate Fatty-acid ethyl ester;
(2) in propane diols, fatty-acid ethyl ester, sucrose and potassium hydroxide being put into transesterification reactor respectively, and the third two Alcohol, fatty-acid ethyl ester, the mass ratio of sucrose are 1:3:3, reaction temperature is 80~90 DEG C, and the reaction time is 6~7h, and reaction terminates After add citric acid, propane diols is recovered under reduced pressure, washed, add potassium perborate treatment, finally carry out being spray dried to powder, .
Undissolved particle is dispersed in suspension within water during wherein described hydrophily sucrose ester can make solution, and can be promoted Immiscible two kinds and above liquid form the emulsified state of stabilization, do not produce flocculation or coalesce, and sealing preserve is for a long time Also be not in lamination, solve big droplet coalescence change, sedimentation bleed occur in current ambient temperature storage process, separate out crystal, Even there is demulsifying phenomenon, so as to influence the performance of fertilizer efficiency.
The present invention is using phosphoric acid, potassium sulfate, phosphoamide, sodium thiosulfate, trace element, moderate-element, hydrophily sucrose Ester is raw material, by rational proportioning, meets potato in growth course, to the demand of N P and K, so as to improve yield;Parent The composition that aqueous sucrose ester enables each group in raw material immiscible effectively flocks together, and forms emulsified state, is dripped with tradition Filling mode is compared, will not be because of drip irrigation during, in pipeline formed flocculation or coalesce, so as to cause the blocking of shower nozzle, meanwhile, The addition of sodium thiosulfate causes that heavy metal in soil ion forms precipitation, coagulation heavy metal in soil with thiosulfate ion Ion so that the growing environment of potato is effectively guaranteed.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further limited with reference to specific embodiment, but claimed Scope is not only limited to description.
Embodiment 1
Formula:Phosphoric acid 20kg, potassium sulfate 30kg, phosphoamide 20kg, trace element 1kg, moderate-element 6kg, thiosulfuric acid Sodium 3kg, emulsifying agent 1kg;
Preparation method:
(1) mix:It is 0.9 according to mol ratio by phosphoric acid and phosphoamide:1 in stirring-type reaction kettle, and temperature is 70~100 DEG C, control the mixing speed of stirred tank to stir hybrid reaction 1h for 200r/min, obtain slurry;
(2) crystallize:Potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, trace element, moderate-element, emulsifying agent are added to (1) stirring simultaneously In kettle, temperature is maintained at 60~80 DEG C, after stirring 1h, is placed in and is cooled to temperature≤17 DEG C in cooler crystallizer in 13s, and detect Nutrient content in analysis filtrate, treats that nitrogen component, phosphorus pentoxide composition, the mass ratio of potassium composition are 1.0:0.5:When 1.3, stop Only crystallize and filter, the pore size of filter is 0.6~1.0mm, with nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.5, in being added in filtrate, Trace element compound and reaction promoter adjustment fertilizer structure turn into Water soluble fertilizer just finished product;
(3) dry:Just finished product is placed in drier the Water soluble fertilizer that step (3) is obtained, and it is 5 DEG C/min to use programming rate 45-50 DEG C is warming up to, after drying 2h, adjustment moisture is 3%, you can the drip irrigation fertilizer for improving soil is obtained.
Embodiment 2
Formula:Phosphatase 24 5kg, potassium sulfate 45kg, phosphoamide 45kg, trace element 5kg, moderate-element 15kg, thiosulfuric acid Sodium 7kg, emulsifying agent 4kg;
Preparation method:
(1) mix:It is 1.2 according to mol ratio by phosphoric acid and phosphoamide:1 in stirring-type reaction kettle, and temperature is 70~100 DEG C, control the mixing speed of stirred tank to stir hybrid reaction 2h for 210r/min, obtain slurry;
(2) crystallize:Potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, trace element, moderate-element, emulsifying agent are added to (1) stirring simultaneously In kettle, temperature is maintained at 60~80 DEG C, after stirring 1h, is placed in and is cooled to temperature≤17 DEG C in cooler crystallizer in 13s, and detect Nutrient content in analysis filtrate, treats that nitrogen component, phosphorus pentoxide composition, the mass ratio of potassium composition are 0.9:0.5:When 1.2, stop Only crystallize and filter, the pore size of filter is 0.6~1.0mm, with nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.7, in being added in filtrate, Trace element compound and potassium thiosulfate adjustment fertilizer structure turn into Water soluble fertilizer just finished product;
(3) dry:Just finished product is placed in drier the Water soluble fertilizer that step (3) is obtained, and it is 5 DEG C/min to use programming rate 45-50 DEG C is warming up to, after drying 2h, adjustment moisture is 2%, you can the drip irrigation fertilizer for improving soil is obtained.
Embodiment 3
Formula:Phosphoric acid 30kg, potassium sulfate 40kg, phosphoamide 35kg, trace element 3kg, moderate-element 8kg, thiosulfuric acid Sodium 5kg, emulsifying agent 3kg;
Preparation method:
(1) mix:It is 1.1 according to mol ratio by phosphoric acid and phosphoamide:1 in stirring-type reaction kettle, and temperature is 70~100 DEG C, control the mixing speed of stirred tank to stir hybrid reaction 3h for 220r/min, obtain slurry;
(2) crystallize:Potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, trace element, moderate-element, emulsifying agent are added to (1) stirring simultaneously In kettle, temperature is maintained at 60~80 DEG C, after stirring 1h, is placed in and is cooled to temperature≤17 DEG C in cooler crystallizer in 13s, and detect Nutrient content in analysis filtrate, treats that nitrogen component, phosphorus pentoxide composition, the mass ratio of potassium composition are 1.1:0.6:When 1.4, stop Only crystallize and filter, the pore size of filter is 0.6~1.0mm, with nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.8, in being added in filtrate, Trace element compound and sodium thiosulfate adjustment fertilizer structure turn into Water soluble fertilizer just finished product;
(3) dry:Just finished product is placed in drier the Water soluble fertilizer that step (3) is obtained, and it is 5 DEG C/min to use programming rate 45-50 DEG C is warming up to, after drying 3h, adjustment moisture is 1%, you can the drip irrigation fertilizer for improving soil is obtained.
Embodiment 4
Formula:Phosphoric acid 35kg, potassium sulfate 35kg, phosphoamide 40kg, trace element 2kg, moderate-element 9kg, thiosulfuric acid Sodium 6kg, emulsifying agent 2kg;
Preparation method:
(1) mix:It is 1.0 according to mol ratio by phosphoric acid and phosphoamide:1 in stirring-type reaction kettle, and temperature is 70~100 DEG C, control the mixing speed of stirred tank to stir hybrid reaction 1h for 210r/min, obtain slurry;
(2) crystallize:Potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, trace element, moderate-element, emulsifying agent are added to (1) stirring simultaneously In kettle, temperature is maintained at 60~80 DEG C, after stirring 1h, is placed in and is cooled to temperature≤17 DEG C in cooler crystallizer in 13s, and detect Nutrient content in analysis filtrate, treats that nitrogen component, phosphorus pentoxide composition, the mass ratio of potassium composition are 1.1:0.7:1.5 when, stop Only crystallize and filter, the pore size of filter is 0.6~1.0mm, with nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.6, in being added in filtrate, Trace element compound and magnesium thiosulfate adjustment fertilizer structure turn into Water soluble fertilizer just finished product;
(3) dry:Just finished product is placed in drier the Water soluble fertilizer that step (3) is obtained, and it is 5 DEG C/min to use programming rate 45-50 DEG C is warming up to, 2h is dried, adjustment moisture is 2%, you can the drip irrigation fertilizer for improving soil is obtained.
Embodiment 5
Formula:Phosphatase 24 0kg, potassium sulfate 37kg, phosphoamide 25kg, trace element 4kg, moderate-element 12kg, thiosulfuric acid Sodium 4kg, emulsifying agent 2.5kg;
Preparation method:
(1) mix:It is 1.3 according to mol ratio by phosphoric acid and phosphoamide:1 in stirring-type reaction kettle, and temperature is 70~100 DEG C, control the mixing speed of stirred tank to stir hybrid reaction 3h for 220r/min, obtain slurry;
(2) crystallize:Potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, trace element, moderate-element, emulsifying agent are added to (1) stirring simultaneously In kettle, temperature is maintained at 60~80 DEG C, after stirring 1h, is placed in and is cooled to temperature≤17 DEG C in cooler crystallizer in 13s, and detect Nutrient content in analysis filtrate, treats that nitrogen component, phosphorus pentoxide composition, the mass ratio of potassium composition are 1.2:0.7:When 1.5, stop Only crystallize and filter, the pore size of filter is 0.6~1.0mm, with nitre acid for adjusting pH to 6.9, in being added in filtrate, Trace element compound and calcium thiosulfate adjustment fertilizer structure turn into Water soluble fertilizer just finished product;
(3) dry:Just finished product is placed in drier the Water soluble fertilizer that step (3) is obtained, and it is 5 DEG C/min to use programming rate 45-50 DEG C is warming up to, after drying 2h, adjustment moisture is 2%, you can the drip irrigation fertilizer for improving soil is obtained.
Test example 1
Experimental group:Using the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato of the invention;
Control group 1:The potato Controlled Release Fertilizer made using Patent No. CN201510621724.2;
Control group 2:Using 45% potato special fertilizer rich again of commercial type;
Control group 3:Using biogen potato special fertilizer;
Every group of random 30 plants of potato, after planting 40~60 days, measures its aerial part, low part potassium content, tests Cell mean is above other 3 groups, shows to be conducive to the absorption of plant pair potassium using the fertilizer, promotes the growth hair of potato Educate, while it is undesirable also to reflect the enrichment of potassium in inorganic fertilizer in plant, into the collecting period after decline it is serious.
Test example 2
Experimental group:Using the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato of the invention;
Control group 1:The potato Controlled Release Fertilizer made using Patent No. CN201510621724.2;
Control group 2:Using 45% potato special fertilizer rich again of commercial type;
Control group 3:Using biogen potato special fertilizer;
Every group of random 50 plants of potato, potato planting is after 20~100 days, seedling stage control group 1, control group 2, control group 3 Potato complete stool boron element cumulative change trend is had no significant effect, using drip irrigation fertilizer of the present invention, to each growth period of potato The accumulation of boron has significant impact, and is above other control groups, and full period is average 2.96mg/ plants.

Claims (8)

1. the special drip irrigation fertilizer of a kind of potato, it is characterised in that raw material is in parts by weight:20~45 parts of phosphoric acid, potassium sulfate 30 ~45 parts, 20~45 parts of phosphoamide, trace element 1~5 part, 6~15 parts of moderate-element, 3~7 parts of sodium thiosulfate, emulsifying agent 1 ~4 parts.
2. the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described trace element is molybdenum trisulfate, divalence Iron chelate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, the combination of manganese sulfate.
3. the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described trace element is in parts by weight: 0.2~1.1 part of molybdenum trisulfate, 0.6~1.2 part of divalence iron chelate, 0.3~0.9 part of boric acid, 0.6~1.0 part of zinc sulfate, sulfuric acid The combination that 0.3~0.8 part of manganese.
4. the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the moderate-element is calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate Combination.
5. the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the moderate-element is in parts by weight sulfuric acid The combination of 4~8 parts of calcium, 2~7 parts of magnesium sulfate.
6. the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the drip irrigation fertilizer production method includes following step Suddenly:
(1) mix:It is (0.9-1.3) according to mol ratio by phosphoric acid and phosphoamide:1 in stirring-type reaction kettle, temperature be 70~ 100 DEG C, control the mixing speed of stirred tank to stir 1~3h of hybrid reaction for 200~220r/min, obtain slurry;
(2) crystallize:Potassium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, trace element, moderate-element, emulsifying agent are added to (1) stirred tank simultaneously In, temperature is maintained at 60~80 DEG C, after stirring 1h, is placed in and is cooled to temperature≤17 DEG C in cooler crystallizer in 13s, and detection point Nutrient content in analysis filtrate, treats that nitrogen component, phosphorus pentoxide composition, the mass ratio of potassium composition are (0.8~1.2):(0.5~ 0.7):When (1.3~1.5), stopping is crystallized and filtered, and the pore size of filter is 0.6~1.0mm, uses nitre acid for adjusting pH To 6.5~7.0, at the beginning of adding middle and trace element, emulsifying agent and reaction promoter adjustment fertilizer structure to turn into Water soluble fertilizer in filtrate Finished product;
(3) dry:Just finished product is placed in drier the Water soluble fertilizer that step (3) is obtained, and uses programming rate to be heated up for 5 DEG C/min To 45-50 DEG C, after drying 2~3h, adjustment moisture is 1-3%, you can be obtained for the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato.
7. the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described emulsifying agent is hydrophily sucrose ester.
8. the special drip irrigation fertilizer of potato as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described hydrophily sucrose ester, its preparation side Method is comprised the following steps:
(1) in aliphatic acid, ethanol and the concentrated sulfuric acid being put into reaction kettle of the esterification respectively, and aliphatic acid, ethanol in mass ratio 1:3 are Reaction temperature is 100~110 DEG C, the excessive ethanol of Distillation recovery, and washs pH to 6.5~7.0, that is, obtain intermediate fatty acid Ethyl ester;
(2) in propane diols, fatty-acid ethyl ester, sucrose and potassium hydroxide being put into transesterification reactor respectively, and propane diols, fat Fat acetoacetic ester, the mass ratio of sucrose are 1:3:3, reaction temperature is 80~90 DEG C, and the reaction time is 6~7h, and reaction adds after terminating Enter citric acid, propane diols be recovered under reduced pressure, washed, add potassium borate treatment, finally carry out being spray dried to powder, you can.
CN201611237962.4A 2016-12-28 2016-12-28 Drop irrigation fertilizer special for potatoes and production method of drop irrigation fertilizer Pending CN106673833A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107602262A (en) * 2017-11-03 2018-01-19 南昌工程学院 A kind of southern potato drip irrigation release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107793249A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-03-13 南昌工程学院 Special drip irrigation fertilizer of a kind of potato containing nitrification inhibitor and preparation method thereof
CN113416108A (en) * 2021-08-02 2021-09-21 大理洱海生物肥业有限公司 Preparation method of liquid organic fertilizer for potatoes

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107602262A (en) * 2017-11-03 2018-01-19 南昌工程学院 A kind of southern potato drip irrigation release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107602262B (en) * 2017-11-03 2021-01-05 南昌工程学院 Controlled-release fertilizer for southern potato drip irrigation and preparation method thereof
CN107793249A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-03-13 南昌工程学院 Special drip irrigation fertilizer of a kind of potato containing nitrification inhibitor and preparation method thereof
CN113416108A (en) * 2021-08-02 2021-09-21 大理洱海生物肥业有限公司 Preparation method of liquid organic fertilizer for potatoes

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Application publication date: 20170517

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