CN106668294B - Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea with effects of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea with effects of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN106668294B
CN106668294B CN201710004749.7A CN201710004749A CN106668294B CN 106668294 B CN106668294 B CN 106668294B CN 201710004749 A CN201710004749 A CN 201710004749A CN 106668294 B CN106668294 B CN 106668294B
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leaves
salvia miltiorrhiza
leaf
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rehmannia
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CN106668294A (en
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宿树兰
段金廒
马新飞
郭盛
钱大玮
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Nanjing Hongdian Medicine Science & Technology Co ltd
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
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Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea and a preparation method and application thereof, and the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea is prepared from 30-50 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 25-35 parts of mulberry leaves, 10-20 parts of lotus leaves and 10-20 parts of rehmannia leaves. The preparation method comprises the preparation steps of raw material pretreatment, enzyme deactivation, rolling, drying, filling or spray drying and the like. The salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea provided by the invention contains various natural effective active ingredients, and the various active ingredients play a synergistic role, so that the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea has the immunoregulation effects of obviously improving blood circulation, resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar and blood fat, enhancing the immune function and the like. The invention can fully utilize the salvia miltiorrhiza leaves and the rehmannia leaves, changes waste into valuable, prepares the natural plant environment-friendly health-care tea, and is suitable for short-term and long-term patients with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Description

Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea with effects of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of composite health-care drinking tea, in particular to salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea or granular tea which is prepared by processing salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, mulberry leaves, lotus leaves and rehmannia leaves according to a certain proportion and a preparation process and application thereof.
Background
Salvia miltiorrhiza (Salvia miliiorrhiza Bge.) is a plant of the genus Salvia of the family Labiatae. The dried root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) is called as the drug, and the traditional Chinese medicine is called as bitter in taste and slightly cold in nature. Has the effects of promoting blood circulation, regulating menstruation, removing blood stasis, relieving pain, cooling blood, resolving carbuncle, relieving restlessness and tranquilizing. Salvia miltiorrhiza is listed in the health department 'guard issued (2002) 51' file as a list of items available for health food. The development modes of health care products taking salvia miltiorrhiza as raw materials are infinite, and the existing salvia miltiorrhiza health care products mainly comprise salvia miltiorrhiza tea drink, salvia miltiorrhiza medicated diet, salvia miltiorrhiza foot bath, salvia miltiorrhiza medicinal liquor and the like. With the expansion of the application range of salvia miltiorrhiza, the search for new medicine sources becomes a trend. Because the overground part of the salvia miltiorrhiza has pharmacological activity and clinical curative effect similar to roots and rhizomes, the salvia miltiorrhiza leaves and flowers are more and more widely developed and utilized by people. Research shows that the leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza contain phenolic acid components such as salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B, tanshinol, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, ferulic acid, etc., wherein the content of rosmarinic acid is the highest, and can reach 8.80%. Has strong antioxidation effect, and can effectively prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The salvia miltiorrhiza leaves also contain trace elements such as protein, sugar, fat, sodium, iron, calcium and the like, and the content of the trace elements is higher than that of the salvia miltiorrhiza roots, so that the salvia miltiorrhiza leaves have higher nutritional value and are easy to be absorbed by human bodies. Can be used for lowering blood pressure, correcting abnormal metabolism of cholesterol, and preventing and treating coronary heart disease.
The folium Mori is leaf of Morus alba L of Morus of Moraceae. It is cold in nature and sweet and bitter in taste, has the effects of dispelling wind and heat, clearing lung-heat and moistening dryness, and clearing liver and improving vision, and is one of the traditional Chinese medicines commonly used in clinic. Since ancient times, folium mori has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating diabetes, which is recorded in compendium of materia medica: folium Mori decocted can be used as tea for treating diabetes. Modern researches show that alkaloid components represented by 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) contained in mulberry leaves have obvious blood sugar regulating effect; the flavonoids and polysaccharides in folium Mori have effects in regulating blood sugar and preventing and treating complications. In addition, folium Mori contains various functional components such as phytosterol, trace elements, vitamins, amino acids, etc. Pharmacological activity evaluation shows that the mulberry leaves have various physiological activities of obviously reducing blood sugar, reducing blood pressure, resisting bacteria, resisting viruses and the like, have the characteristics of mild and lasting action, small toxic and side effects and the like, and the action mechanism of the mulberry leaves is characterized and superior by the synergistic effect of multiple components.
The folium Nelumbinis is leaf of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn of Nymphaeaceae. Has fragrant smell, slightly bitter taste and no toxicity. Enter spleen and stomach meridians. Has the functions of clearing away summer heat, calming the liver and reducing blood fat. The lotus leaf is one of the traditional Chinese medicines used as both medicine and food, and researches show that the alkaloid nuciferine in the lotus leaf has the effects of expanding blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and reducing blood fat. The flavonoids rich in the lotus leaves are scavengers of most oxygen free radicals, can improve the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase), reduce the generation of MDA (lipid peroxide malondialdehyde) and OX-LDL (oxidized low density lipoprotein), can increase the coronary flow and has an antagonistic effect on experimental myocardial infarction; has protective effect on acute myocardial ischemia; has remarkable effect on treating coronary heart disease, hypertension and the like; it also has important effects in lowering diastolic pressure, and preventing and treating arrhythmia and cardiovascular diseases. Is commonly used for treating obesity clinically.
The Rehmannia leaf is leaf of Scrophulariaceae family perennial herbaceous plant Rehmannia Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. At present, rehmannia leaf is already recorded in the Chinese medicinal material standard of Beijing. The literature of rehmannia leaves was first documented in the Tang Dynasty. Recorded in dietetic herbal medicine, rehmannia leaves are slightly bitter and cold in nature. Enter liver meridian. For removing toxic substance and treating sore, and treating malignant sore and tinea of feet and hands, pounded juice is applied externally or kneaded. Recorded in Tang Dynasty Sun Simiao (Chi jin Fang), when treating malignant sores similar to scab, the ground rehmannia leaves are pounded and washed with salt soup. The time is rare and is recorded as: ' according to the method, yellow seedlings for treating the cockroaches and the korea are fed to the old horses in the fifty years, three colts are born, and the death is also achieved in the hundred and thirty years. The rehmannia leaves are rich in phenylethanoid glycosides, wherein verbascoside is the main component; the content of verbascoside and catalpol is much higher than that of rehmannia root. Research shows that the total saponins of rehmannia leaf have the efficacies of nourishing yin, tonifying kidney, cooling blood, activating blood and the like, and are used for clinical treatment of various kidney diseases such as chronic glomerulonephritis mild diseases and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea or the composite health-care particle tea which can finely utilize traditional Chinese medicine resources, increase new varieties of health-care tea drinks and has the effects of improving blood circulation, resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood fat, enhancing immune function and the like and the preparation method thereof, so that the utilization efficiency and the economic value of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, mulberry leaves, lotus leaves and rehmannia leaves are improved.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a composite health-care red sage root-leaf tea with the functions of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure is proportionally prepared from red sage root leaf, mulberry leaf, lotus leaf and rehmannia root leaf.
As a preferred scheme, the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea with the effects of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves
25-35 parts of mulberry leaves
10-20 parts of lotus leaves
10-20 parts of rehmannia leaves.
As a preferred scheme, the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea with the effects of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 30 parts of mulberry leaves, 20 parts of lotus leaves and 10 parts of rehmannia leaves.
As another preferred scheme, the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea with the effects of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 30 parts of mulberry leaves, 10 parts of lotus leaves and 10 parts of rehmannia leaves.
The preparation method of the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea with the effects of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: cleaning fresh leaves of Saviae Miltiorrhizae radix, folium Mori, folium Nelumbinis and folium rehmanniae, removing dirt, draining, shredding, and cutting; then mixing the salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, the mulberry leaves, the lotus leaves and the rehmannia leaves uniformly according to a certain proportion to prepare a pretreatment raw material;
(2) de-enzyming treatment: putting the pretreated raw materials in the step (1) into a numerical control drum-type enzyme deactivating machine, destroying and passivating oxidase activity in fresh leaves at high temperature, inhibiting enzymatic oxidation of polyphenol components in the fresh leaves, evaporating partial water of the fresh leaves, softening the tea leaves, facilitating rolling and forming, simultaneously dispersing green odor and promoting formation of good aroma;
(3) rolling: putting the leaves subjected to water removing in the step (2) in a container, softening the leaves to the extent that the leaves are not broken by kneading the leaves by means of the water content and natural moisture absorption of veins, kneading the softened leaves by using a kneading machine until the leaves are naturally and compactly bent;
(4) drying: drying: and baking the twisted mixed leaves for 2-5 minutes at the temperature of 80-150 ℃ by using a dryer, pouring out, naturally storing for 20-40 minutes, baking for 3-5 minutes at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, pouring out, naturally storing for half an hour to 1 hour, and baking at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ until the water content is less than 12% to obtain the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea.
As a preferred scheme, the preparation method of the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea with the effects of reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting fresh tender leaves of Salvia miltiorrhiza, mulberry leaves, lotus leaves and rehmannia leaves; cleaning with clear water for 3-5 minutes, cleaning soil on the leaves, removing water on the surfaces of the leaves, uniformly spreading the leaves in a ventilated and light-proof place, drying in the shade to the extent that the leaves are soft but not broken when being held by hands, and shredding and finely cutting as required;
(2) de-enzyming treatment: putting the pretreated raw material obtained in the step (1) into a numerical control drum-type enzyme deactivating machine, and instantly deactivating enzyme of the dried leaf raw material in the numerical control drum-type enzyme deactivating machine at the high temperature of 150-270 ℃ for 60-90 seconds to dry the leaves without drying main leaf veins;
(3) softening: placing the leaves after deactivation of enzymes in a container, and softening the leaves to the extent that the leaves are kneaded but not broken by means of the water content and natural moisture absorption of the veins of the leaves;
(4) rolling: putting the softened leaves into a rolling machine for rolling until the leaves are naturally and compactly bent;
(5) baking: and baking the twisted mixed leaves for 2-3 minutes at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ by using a dryer, pouring out the leaves, naturally storing the leaves for 20-30 minutes, baking the leaves for 3-4 minutes at the temperature of 200-250 ℃, pouring out the leaves, naturally storing the leaves for half an hour to 1 hour, baking the leaves at the temperature of 150-170 ℃ until the water content is 8-12%, pouring out the leaves, and sealing and storing the leaves in a container.
According to the invention, in the preparation process adopted by the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea, the raw materials are screened through a large number of experiments, then the water is removed by adopting a numerical control drum type water removing machine through a large number of experimental screens, so that the loss of effective components can be reduced, the effects of four plant leaves are fully exerted, and the effects of improving blood circulation, resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar and blood pressure and relieving obesity are achieved. Meanwhile, through the rolling process, the special flavor substances of the composite health-care tea can be formed, the taste and the smell of the health-care tea are improved, and the prepared salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea has stable effects of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, reducing blood sugar and blood fat and has pleasant fragrance and taste.
In the preparation process of the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care granular tea, 4 raw materials which are compatible according to a certain proportion are decocted and extracted by water to obtain a water extract, the water extract is concentrated to a proper volume and then spray-dried by a spray-drying method, the inlet temperature is controlled to be 120 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled to be 80 ℃, the rotating speed of an atomizer is 22000r/min, and the spray-dried granules are packaged to obtain the granular tea. Can effectively retain the effective components in the four plant leaves, and enhance the effects of improving blood circulation, resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar and blood pressure and relieving obesity. Meanwhile, the prepared granular tea has good taste and convenient taking, and achieves the health care and prevention functions of disease prevention and treatment.
Has the advantages that: the invention has the following advantages:
the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea provided by the invention takes salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, mulberry leaves, lotus leaves and rehmannia leaves in specific parts by weight as raw materials, and is subjected to enzyme deactivation, green and astringent taste in the raw materials is removed, the fragrance is improved, the taste is good, and meanwhile, the loss of effective active ingredients is reduced. Or the tea is prepared into the granular tea by water extraction and spray drying, so that the taking is more convenient and the health care function is more obvious. The high-quality natural plant composite health-care tea or composite health-care particle tea is produced, and a large number of experiments show that: the traditional Chinese medicine composition has the immune regulation effects of obviously improving blood circulation, resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood fat, enhancing immune function and the like, and various active ingredients play a role in synergy, so that the effects of improving unsmooth blood circulation and insufficiency, reducing hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and the like are obvious, and the effect is quick. Is suitable for patients with short-term and long-term hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the specific material ratios, process conditions and results thereof described in the examples are illustrative only and should not be taken as limiting the invention as detailed in the claims. All the technologies realized based on the above contents of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) finely mining the leaves:
salvia miltiorrhiza leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves, and high-quality salvia miltiorrhiza leaves without inclusion of non-salvia miltiorrhiza leaves.
Mulberry leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves and high-quality mulberry leaves without non-mulberry leaf inclusions.
Lotus leaf: removing rotten part of folium Nelumbinis, and cutting into small pieces of about 1.5cm by 1.5 cm.
Rehmannia leaf: selecting high-quality rehmannia leaf with fresh green color, even and clean color, flat shape, no yellow spot, no mildew and rot, and no inclusion of non-rehmannia leaf.
(2) Cleaning and airing:
cleaning soil on the leaves with clear water, removing water on the surface of the leaves, placing in a ventilated and light-resistant place, uniformly spreading, cleaning for 3 minutes, drying in the shade to the extent that the leaves are soft but not broken when held by hands, and shredding as required. Mixing the four fresh leaves according to a certain proportion, and uniformly mixing 40 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 30 parts of mulberry leaves, 10 parts of lotus leaves and 10 parts of rehmannia leaves.
(3) De-enzyming:
the four dried leaves mixed according to a certain proportion are subjected to instant enzyme deactivation for 90 seconds at a high temperature of 180 ℃ in a numerical control drum type enzyme deactivation machine, so that the leaves are dried and the main veins are not dry.
(4) Softening:
the leaves after the deactivation of enzymes are placed in a container, and the leaves are softened to the degree that the leaves are kneaded without being crushed by means of the moisture content and natural moisture absorption of the veins.
(5) Rolling:
the softened leaves are twisted by a twisting machine until the leaves are naturally and compactly bent.
(6) Baking:
baking the twisted mixed leaves for 3 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃ by using a dryer, pouring out the mixed leaves, naturally storing the mixed leaves for 20 minutes, baking the mixed leaves for 4 minutes at the temperature of 200 ℃, pouring out the mixed leaves, naturally storing the mixed leaves for half an hour to 1 hour, baking the mixed leaves at the temperature of 150 ℃ until the water content is 10 percent, pouring out the mixed leaves, and sealing and storing the mixed leaves in a container.
Through detection, the compound health tea has total salvianolic acid content of 4.92%, total flavone content of 1.74%, folium Mori total alkaloid content of 0.12%, and total digitonin content of 0.63%.
Example 2
The preparation method of the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) finely mining the leaves:
salvia miltiorrhiza leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves, and high-quality salvia miltiorrhiza leaves without inclusion of non-salvia miltiorrhiza leaves.
Mulberry leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves and high-quality mulberry leaves without non-mulberry leaf inclusions.
Lotus leaf: removing rotten part of folium Nelumbinis, and cutting into small pieces of about 1.5cm by 1.5 cm.
Rehmannia leaf: selecting high-quality rehmannia leaf with fresh green color, even and clean color, flat shape, no yellow spot, no mildew and rot, and no inclusion of non-rehmannia leaf.
(2) Cleaning and airing:
cleaning soil on the leaves with clear water, removing water on the surfaces of the leaves, placing the leaves in a ventilated and light-proof place, uniformly spreading the leaves, and cleaning for 3 minutes. Drying in shade to soft and non-broken leaves, and shredding as required. Mixing the four fresh leaves according to a certain proportion, and uniformly mixing 30 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 25 parts of mulberry leaves, 15 parts of lotus leaves and 15 parts of rehmannia leaves.
(3) De-enzyming:
and (3) carrying out instant enzyme deactivation on the four dried leaves mixed according to a certain proportion in a numerical control roller type enzyme deactivation machine for 70 seconds at a high temperature of 200 ℃ to achieve the aim of drying the leaves without drying main leaf veins.
(4) Softening:
the leaves after the deactivation of enzymes are placed in a container, and the leaves are softened to the degree that the leaves are kneaded without being crushed by means of the moisture content and natural moisture absorption of the veins.
(5) Rolling:
the softened leaves are twisted by a twisting machine until the leaves are naturally and compactly bent.
(6) Baking:
baking the twisted mixed leaves for 2 minutes at the temperature of 100 ℃ by using a dryer, pouring out the mixed leaves, naturally storing the mixed leaves for 30 minutes, baking the mixed leaves for 3 minutes at the temperature of 220 ℃, pouring out the mixed leaves, naturally storing the mixed leaves for half an hour, baking the mixed leaves at the temperature of 160 ℃ until the water content is 9 percent, pouring out the mixed leaves, and sealing and storing the mixed leaves in a container.
Through detection, the compound health tea has the total salvianolic acid content of 2.53%, the total flavone content of 1.96%, the total alkaloid content of folium mori of 0.18% and the total glycosides content of rehmannia of 0.97%.
Example 3
The preparation method of the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) finely mining the leaves:
salvia miltiorrhiza leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves, and high-quality salvia miltiorrhiza leaves without inclusion of non-salvia miltiorrhiza leaves.
Mulberry leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves and high-quality mulberry leaves without non-mulberry leaf inclusions.
Lotus leaf: removing rotten part of folium Nelumbinis, and cutting into small pieces of about 1.5cm by 1.5 cm.
Rehmannia leaf: selecting high-quality rehmannia leaf with fresh green color, even and clean color, flat shape, no yellow spot, no mildew and rot, and no inclusion of non-rehmannia leaf.
(2) Cleaning and airing:
cleaning soil on the leaves with clear water, removing water on the surfaces of the leaves, placing the leaves in a ventilated and light-proof place, uniformly spreading the leaves, and cleaning for 3 minutes. Drying in shade to soft and non-broken leaves, and shredding as required. Mixing the four fresh leaves according to a certain proportion, and uniformly mixing 40 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 30 parts of mulberry leaves, 20 parts of lotus leaves and 10 parts of rehmannia leaves.
(3) De-enzyming:
and (3) in a numerical control drum type enzyme deactivating machine, instantly deactivating enzyme of the four dried leaves mixed according to a certain proportion at a high temperature of 250 ℃ for 60 seconds to dry the leaves without drying main veins.
(4) Softening:
the leaves after the deactivation of enzymes are placed in a container, and the leaves are softened to the degree that the leaves are kneaded without being crushed by means of the moisture content and natural moisture absorption of the veins.
(5) Rolling:
the softened leaves are twisted by a twisting machine until the leaves are naturally and compactly bent.
(6) Baking:
baking the twisted mixed leaves for 2 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃ by using a dryer, pouring out, naturally storing for 30 minutes, baking for 3 minutes at the temperature of 250 ℃, pouring out, naturally storing for 1 hour, baking at the temperature of 170 ℃ until the water content is 8.5 percent, pouring out, and sealing and storing in a container.
Through detection, the compound health tea has the total salvianolic acid content of 3.18%, the total flavone content of 2.36%, the total alkaloid content of folium mori of 0.25%, and the total glycosides content of rehmannia of 0.98%.
Example 4
A preparation method of salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care granular tea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) finely mining the leaves:
salvia miltiorrhiza leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves, and high-quality salvia miltiorrhiza leaves without inclusion of non-salvia miltiorrhiza leaves.
Mulberry leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves and high-quality mulberry leaves without non-mulberry leaf inclusions.
Lotus leaf: removing rotten part of folium Nelumbinis, and cutting into small pieces of about 1.5cm by 1.5 cm.
Rehmannia leaf: selecting high-quality rehmannia leaf with fresh green color, even and clean color, flat shape, no yellow spot, no mildew and rot, and no inclusion of non-rehmannia leaf.
(2) Cleaning and airing:
cleaning soil on the leaves with clear water, removing water on the surfaces of the leaves, placing the leaves in a ventilated and light-proof place, uniformly spreading the leaves, and cleaning for 3 minutes. Drying in shade to soft and non-broken leaves, and shredding as required. Mixing the four fresh leaves according to a certain proportion, and uniformly mixing 40 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 30 parts of mulberry leaves, 20 parts of lotus leaves and 10 parts of rehmannia leaves.
(3) Extracting, concentrating and spray drying:
and (3) decocting and extracting the 4 cleaned and dried raw materials in the step (2) by 8 times of water for 3 times, wherein each time is 2 hours, so as to obtain a water extract, and concentrating the water extract to 4: 1 is sent into an atomizer for spray drying treatment, the inlet temperature is controlled to be 120 ℃, the outlet temperature is controlled to be 80 ℃, and the rotating speed of the atomizer is 20000 r/min.
(4) And (3) finished product:
and immediately packaging the spray-dried granules to obtain the finished product of the composite health-care granular tea.
Example 5
A preparation method of salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care granular tea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) finely mining the leaves:
salvia miltiorrhiza leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves, and high-quality salvia miltiorrhiza leaves without inclusion of non-salvia miltiorrhiza leaves.
Mulberry leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves and high-quality mulberry leaves without non-mulberry leaf inclusions.
Lotus leaf: removing rotten part of folium Nelumbinis, and cutting into small pieces of about 1.5cm by 1.5 cm.
Rehmannia leaf: selecting high-quality rehmannia leaf with fresh green color, even and clean color, flat shape, no yellow spot, no mildew and rot, and no inclusion of non-rehmannia leaf.
(2) Cleaning and airing:
cleaning soil on the leaves with clear water, removing water on the surfaces of the leaves, placing the leaves in a ventilated and light-proof place, uniformly spreading the leaves, and cleaning for 3 minutes. Drying in shade to soft and non-broken leaves, and shredding as required. Mixing the four fresh leaves according to a certain proportion, and uniformly mixing 30 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 25 parts of mulberry leaves, 15 parts of lotus leaves and 15 parts of rehmannia leaves.
(3) Extracting, concentrating and spray drying:
and (3) decocting and extracting the 4 cleaned and dried raw materials in the step (2) by 10 times of water for 2 times, wherein each time lasts for 2 hours to obtain a water extract, and concentrating the water extract to 5: 1, feeding the mixture into an atomizer for spray drying treatment, and controlling the inlet temperature to be 150 ℃, the outlet temperature to be 100 ℃ and the rotating speed of the atomizer to be 22000 r/min.
(4) And (3) finished product:
and immediately packaging the spray-dried granules to obtain the finished product of the composite health-care granular tea.
Example 6 Oxidation resistance test
1. Experimental methods
(1) Determination of DPPH radical scavenging Rate
Add 100. mu.L of 0.25 mmol. multidot.L to a 96-well plate-1Mixing DPPH methanol solution and samples with different concentrations of 100 μ L, reacting at room temperature in dark place for 30min, and measuring the absorbance at wavelength of 517 nm.
DPPH clearance (%): a. the0-(A1-A2)/A0X 100, calculating EC50(refer to the concentration of the extract solution at 50% DPPH clearance, by EC)50Calculation software derived), EC50The smaller the antioxidant activity, the stronger.
In the formula: a. the0Indicates the blank absorbance of the solution without sample addition, A1Absorbance of the sample after DPPH addition, A2Refers to the absorbance of the sample solution alone without DPPH, and is used to correct the blank. The absorbance decrease at 517nm reflects the amount of free radical scavenging ability of the sample. The experiment was repeated three times and the results averaged.
(2) Determination of ABTS free radical clearance
ABTS and K Using deionized Water2S2O8(Potassium persulfate) was dissolved and mixed respectively so that the final concentrations thereof were 7.4 mmol. multidot.L-1And 2.6 mmol. multidot.L-1And standing for 12-16 h at room temperature under the condition of keeping out of the sun to obtain ABTS stock solution. When in determination, the ABTS working solution (used in situ) is obtained by diluting with PBS (pH7.4) and 95% ethanol or methanol at a ratio of 1:1 until the absorbance at 734nm is 0.7 +/-0.02. The reaction was performed in 96-well plates, and 200. mu.L of the reaction solution contained 50. mu.L of samples at different concentrations. Shaking, standing at room temperature in dark place for 6min, and measuring the absorbance at 734 nm. A. the0The absorbance of the solvent after the action of the ABTS reaction solution; a. the1The absorbance of the test substance after the reaction with the ABTS reaction solution; a. the2The absorbance of the test sample without adding the ABTS reaction solution was used.
ABTS. clearingRate (%): a. the0-(A1-A2)/A0X 100, calculating EC50。
(3) Reduction of Fe3+Capacity measurement (FRAP method)
The FRAP working solution is prepared in situ: 25mL 300mmol/L acetate buffer pH3.6, 2.5mL 10mmol/L LTPTZ solution, 2.5mL 20mmol/L FeCl3The solution is mixed. Adding 100 μ L of sample solutions with different concentrations into 900 μ L FRAP working solution, oscillating uniformly, standing at room temperature for 30min, placing 200 μ L in 96-well plate, measuring absorbance at 593nm, wherein the higher the OD value is, indicating that Fe is reduced3+The stronger the capacity of (c). FeSO required for sample antioxidant activity to reach the same absorbance4Expressed as the amount of substance (mmol) of (a), the standard equation is Y ═ 11.52X-0.0043, R2＝0.9995。
And (3) testing a sample: samples from inventive examples 1 to 5.
2. Results of the experiment
By scavenging DPPH free radicals, scavenging ABTS free radicals and reducing Fe3+The antioxidant capacity of the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea sample and the granulated tea sample of each embodiment is determined by taking the capacity determination (FRAP method) as an index and the ascorbic acid Vc as a positive control, and the results show that the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea water extract and the granulated tea have obvious capacity of removing DPPH free radicals as shown in Table 1; has obvious ABTS free radical eliminating capacity and FRAP total antioxidant capacity. The results show that under the three antioxidant determination indexes, compared with a positive control Vc, the antioxidant activity of the samples of example 4 and example 3 is more obvious, the antioxidant capacity of the samples is enhanced along with the increase of concentration in a determination range, an obvious dose-effect relationship is presented, and a very good technical effect is obtained.
TABLE 1 antioxidant activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea water extract and granulated tea: (
Figure BDA0001202741390000091
n＝3)
Figure BDA0001202741390000092
Figure BDA0001202741390000101
Example 7 blood circulation promoting and stasis removing experiment
1. Experimental methods
New Zealand big ear white rabbits, male, 10, after 8h fasting, pentobarbital sodium anesthesia, carotid cannulation for exsanguination, according to the ratio of sodium citrate (3.8%) 1: 9 anticoagulation at 800 r.min-1Centrifuging for 10min, collecting upper layer Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP), and centrifuging the rest at 3000r min-1Centrifuging for 10min, and collecting Platelet Poor Plasma (PPP). The test cup channel was filled with stirred beads, 10. mu.L of test drug was added, and 250. mu.L of PRP was added. Adding equal amount of dissolved sample solution into control group, incubating for 3min, placing into test channel, adding 10 μ LADP inducer to obtain final concentration of 5 μmol. L-1. The test sample is adjusted to zero by PPP (10 mu L of the same drug as the sample to be tested is added to eliminate the influence of the drug on the color of the sample), the same amount of dissolved sample solution is added to a control group, the maximum aggregation rate of the platelets within 6min is measured by an LG-PAPER-1 type platelet aggregation coagulation factor analyzer, and the inhibition rate of the drug on the platelet aggregation is calculated according to the following formula.
Figure BDA0001202741390000102
2. Results and analysis of the experiments
The salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea extract prepared in the embodiments 1-5 of the invention is provided with 3 concentration dose groups. As shown in Table 2, compared with the blank control group, each sample prepared by the invention has very significant platelet aggregation inhibition effect (p is less than 0.001) induced by ADP under the detection concentration, and shows very good blood circulation promoting and blood stasis removing effects. In particular, the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea and the particles thereof in the weight ratio of the embodiments 3 and 4 have better effect of inhibiting platelet aggregation.
TABLE 2 Effect of water extraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea on ADP-induced platelet aggregation rate
Figure BDA0001202741390000103
n＝8)
Figure BDA0001202741390000104
Example 8 experiments on lowering blood sugar and blood lipid
1. Experimental methods
(1) Molding method
The mice were randomly divided into 10 normal control groups and 60 diabetic model groups. The control group mice are fed with common feed, and the model group mice are fed with high-sugar high-fat feed (10% lard, 10% sucrose, 5% egg yolk powder and 0.5% cholesterol are added on the basis of the common feed). After feeding for 6 weeks, the tail vein of the model group was injected with alloxan, and the control group was injected with an equal dose of physiological saline as a control. Detecting that the FBG of the model-building mouse is more than or equal to 10.0 mmol.L after one week-1Thus indicating the success of molding.
(2) Sample collection
Mice successfully modeled were randomly divided into 6 groups, of which 5 were administered and one was a model control group. The samples of examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were dissolved in a predetermined amount of water to give a solution of 0.1 mL. multidot.10 g-1And (5) performing intragastric administration. The administration group is administered by intragastric administration for 1 time per day for 20 days, collecting blood from carotid artery on day 21, placing in heparin sodium anticoagulation tube, and centrifuging for 15min (3500 r.min)-1) Plasma was separated and stored frozen at-80 ℃. Hexokinase (HK), Pyruvate Kinase (PK), Triglyceride (TG), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT/GPT), total cholesterol (T-CHO) levels are determined in blood.
2. Results and analysis of the experiments
The salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea and the particle tea prepared in the embodiments 1-5 of the invention are evaluated. As shown in Table 3, after molding, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) of the model group was significantly increased, and the difference was significant compared with that of the blank group (P < 0.01). The FBG values of the samples of examples 1-5 all showed a decreasing trend after administration. The FBG values for each group are shown in Table 3. Compared with a blank group, the plasma PK, HK and ALT/GPT values of the model group mice are remarkably reduced, the TG and T-CHO values are remarkably increased (P is less than 0.01), and each index is adjusted back to a normal level after the dry prognosis. Shows good effects of reducing blood sugar and blood fat. Particularly, the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea and the particles thereof in the weight ratio of the embodiments 3 and 4 have better efficacy than those in other embodiments, and the weight ratio can better promote the dissolution of active ingredients and show better efficacy.
TABLE 3 Compound health tea extract and granulated tea of Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf with blood sugar and blood lipid lowering effects: (
Figure BDA0001202741390000111
n＝8)
Figure BDA0001202741390000112
The experimental results in the table show that the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea or the composite health-care particle tea provided by the invention has good effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, improving blood circulation, resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar, reducing blood fat and the like, and can be used for short-term or long-term application of health-care functions or auxiliary treatment of patients with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Particularly, the salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health tea or composite health granules prepared in the weight ratio of the salvia miltiorrhiza leaves in the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 can better promote the dissolution of effective components and show better effects.

Claims (1)

1. A preparation method of salvia miltiorrhiza leaf composite health-care tea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) finely mining the leaves:
salvia miltiorrhiza leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves, and high-quality Saviae Miltiorrhizae radix leaves without inclusion of non-Saviae Miltiorrhizae radix leaves;
mulberry leaf: selecting tender, bright green, clean, flat, yellow-spot-free, moldy and rotten complete leaves, and high-quality mulberry leaves without non-mulberry leaf inclusion;
lotus leaf: removing rotten part of folium Nelumbinis, and cutting into 1.5cm by 1.5cm pieces;
rehmannia leaf: selecting high-quality rehmannia leaves which are bright green in color, even, clean, flat, free of yellow spots and moldy and rotten and free of inclusion of non-rehmannia leaves;
(2) cleaning and airing:
cleaning soil on the leaves with clear water, removing water on the surfaces of the leaves, placing the leaves in a ventilated and dark place, uniformly spreading the leaves, cleaning the leaves for 3 minutes, drying the leaves in the shade until the leaves are soft and cannot be broken when being held by hands, shredding the leaves as required, and uniformly mixing the four fresh leaves according to 40 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza leaves, 30 parts of mulberry leaves, 20 parts of lotus leaves and 10 parts of rehmannia leaves;
(3) de-enzyming:
the four dried leaves mixed according to a certain proportion are subjected to instant enzyme deactivation for 60 seconds at a high temperature of 250 ℃ in a numerical control roller type enzyme deactivation machine, so that the leaves are dried and the main leaf veins are not dry;
(4) softening:
placing the leaves after deactivation of enzymes in a container, and softening the leaves to the extent that the leaves are kneaded but not broken by means of the water content and natural moisture absorption of the veins of the leaves;
(5) rolling:
twisting the softened leaves by a twisting machine until the leaves are naturally and compactly bent;
(6) baking:
baking the twisted mixed leaves for 2 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃ by using a dryer, pouring out, naturally storing for 30 minutes, baking for 3 minutes at the temperature of 250 ℃, pouring out, naturally storing for 1 hour, baking at the temperature of 170 ℃ until the water content is 8.5 percent, pouring out, and sealing and storing in a container.
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