CN106661883A - 吊顶网格系统 - Google Patents

吊顶网格系统 Download PDF

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CN106661883A
CN106661883A CN201580043203.1A CN201580043203A CN106661883A CN 106661883 A CN106661883 A CN 106661883A CN 201580043203 A CN201580043203 A CN 201580043203A CN 106661883 A CN106661883 A CN 106661883A
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conduit
grid
keel
bracket
main joist
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J·J·勒汉
L·M·泰德斯克
P·J·古伯兰德森
J·M·威利
D·J·莱希
A·M·安德考夫勒
Y·斯特雷特
M·奥唐奈
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USG Interiors LLC
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    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/34—Grid-like or open-work ceilings, e.g. lattice type box-like modules, acoustic baffles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04B9/065—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members comprising supporting beams having a folded cross-section
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/001—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by provisions for heat or sound insulation
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B9/008—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation with means for connecting partition walls or panels to the ceilings
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/06—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members
    • E04B9/065—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members comprising supporting beams having a folded cross-section
    • E04B9/067—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members comprising supporting beams having a folded cross-section with inverted T-shaped cross-section
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B9/10—Connections between parallel members of the supporting construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/06—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members
    • E04B9/12—Connections between non-parallel members of the supporting construction
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    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/06—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members
    • E04B9/12—Connections between non-parallel members of the supporting construction
    • E04B9/16—Connections between non-parallel members of the supporting construction the members lying in different planes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/30—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by edge details of the ceiling; e.g. securing to an adjacent wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/18—Means for suspending the supporting construction
    • E04B2009/186—Means for suspending the supporting construction with arrangements for damping vibration
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/06—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members
    • E04B9/065—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members comprising supporting beams having a folded cross-section
    • E04B9/067—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members comprising supporting beams having a folded cross-section with inverted T-shaped cross-section
    • E04B9/068—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members comprising supporting beams having a folded cross-section with inverted T-shaped cross-section with double web

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Abstract

本发明涉及用于在免除吊线或利用有限数量的吊线的情况下构造跨越跨距的天花板网格的部件，其包括具有相对高的转动惯量的主龙骨，主龙骨在其端部处利用托架紧固至相对墙壁上的墙壁模型。

Description

吊顶网格系统
技术领域
本发明涉及吊顶，具体地涉及消除或减少需要充分地支承天花板组件的中跨吊线或类似元件的数目的网格元件。
背景技术
通常地，吊顶的网格由从比如为上覆地板或顶板的高架结构悬挂的布线支承。存在以下情况，如在天花板上方的气室或空间由比如为空气和电线管道的公用设施占据的走廊中，利用布线承载天花板的重量变得困难或不切实际。在其他情况中，可能仅存在用于将布线附接至高架结构和/或网格元件的有限数量的位置。仍然在其他情况中，减小对于安装所需的布线的数目可以降低劳动力和整体安装成本。
已经比如在美国专利7,240,460和美国专利公开US 2010/0257807A1中公开了用于自由跨度吊顶的提议。
发明内容
本发明提供一种天花板网格系统，其具有高转动惯量网格龙骨、端部托架和墙壁安装龙骨端部支承。该系统的可选择元件包括拼接板和龙骨对龙骨的十字悬挂托架。所公开的系统能够跨越不具有高架布线支承或具有有限高架布线支承的区域。
在所公开的实施例中，高转动惯量网格龙骨主要用作主龙骨或以大致常规方式与十字龙骨配合的T字形。在主龙骨被确认装配或已被切割成符合安装主龙骨所跨越的跨距之后，端部托架一般在网格安装位置处被手动地附连至主龙骨。
优选地，端部托架与主龙骨的物理特性相互配合，使得仅需要单个螺钉紧固件将托架刚性地固定至龙骨。
所公开的网格龙骨端部支承为在天花板的边缘处固定至墙壁的卷拢形成的金属薄板槽道的形式。槽道凸缘可以具有不同的宽度，使得槽道能够以从天花板以下的空间看得见的宽凸缘或窄凸缘定向。凸缘具有由端部托架的舌片元件接合的内弯折边，用于快速咬合临时安装。端部托架可以利用穿过槽道的腹板的螺钉紧固件在期望位置处锁定在槽道上。
在中等跨距长度应用中，比如在用于吸声天花板的8英尺(或等同量度)的走廊中，所公开的系统可以消除对中间高架支承布线或类似构件的需求。在更长的跨距中，该系统可以减少所需吊线的数目。对于这种更长跨距，拼接板设置成能够使高转动惯量网格龙骨首尾相连。另外，拼接板可被弯曲成直角以用于将相交网格龙骨连接至主龙骨。
本发明公开了一种利用同一网格龙骨悬挂高转动惯量网格龙骨的十字支撑夹具，以减少所需吊线的数目和/或使得在没有直接高架结构用于其支承的情况下能够悬挂主龙骨。
附图说明
图1是体现本发明的方面的走廊天花板的示意性透视图；
图2是图1的网格龙骨和支承通道的端部区域的放大的局部透视图；
图3是从图2中所示倒置的具有狭窄下凸缘和支承通道的主网格龙骨的局部放大透视图；
图4是用于以预弯曲状态示出的主龙骨的端部夹具的主视图；
图5是图4的夹具的边视图；
图6是图4的夹具的俯视图；
图7是用于主龙骨的拼接板的主视图；
图8是图7的拼接板的边视图；
图9是与图7的拼接板联结的两个主龙骨的局部透视图；
图10是以90度相交并且由图7的拼接板联结的主龙骨的透视图；
图11是类似于图10的视图，其具有利用图7的拼接板联结至主龙骨的十字龙骨；
图12是用于从相同的横向主龙骨支承主龙骨的十字支撑夹具的透视图；
图13是十字支撑夹具的主视图；
图14是十字支撑夹具的侧视图；以及
图15是十字支撑夹具的俯视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出适用于在走廊11中支承常规吸声板或瓷砖的吊顶网格10。将理解的是，本发明的各个方面适用于除门厅或走廊等之外的吊顶。举例来说，走廊11可以具有标称8英尺宽度(或等同量度)。网格10包括位于4英尺中心上的平行主龙骨12。标称4英尺长的十字龙骨13在主龙骨12之间横向延伸。标称2英尺的十字龙骨14布置在十字龙骨13之间。
正如常规那样，十字龙骨13、14具有组装在主龙骨12和十字龙骨13的接纳槽17中的端部连接器。主龙骨12和十字龙骨14的端部由墙壁槽道19支承。
主龙骨12具有大致倒T形截面，倒T形截面具有上部中空的大致椭圆形加强凸起21、从凸起悬垂的竖直腹板22以及围绕腹板的下缘对称地布置的凸缘23。所示出的凸起21的宽度比其高度大得多。举例来说，而非限制，主龙骨12可以具有大约2/4英寸至3/4英寸的高度，其与典型的1.640英寸高度的常规中间负载主网格龙骨相比时相对较高。主龙骨12的高度、其加强凸起21的宽度以及更重的规格形成围绕其纵向弯曲轴线具有高转动惯量的龙骨。因此，龙骨12能够支承沿着其长度分布的相对较高的负载。例如，由0.022英寸厚的G-30热浸渍镀锌钢形成的设置在比如图1所示的4英尺中心上的主龙骨12能够容易地支承常规瓷砖的吸声天花板。所示出的主龙骨12能够在不具有中间支承布线、带、杆等的情况下跨越8英尺的跨距支承12磅/英尺。
主T形件12上的天花板负载在每个端部处通过端部托架26传送至相应的墙壁槽道19。在图4-6中单独地示出端部托架26，并且在图2和图3中示出主龙骨12和十字龙骨13。端部托架26优选地是金属薄板冲压片。托架26可以以图4-6中示出的大致平坦构造销售，使得技术人员易于在囊袋或盒子中承载多个托架。对于使用而言，技术人员手动地使托架26跨越由竖直槽27的中心线确定的竖直线弯曲，为了该弯曲目的该竖直线用于局部地削弱托架。托架26的在图4中的槽27的左侧的部分28能够与主网格龙骨12接合，并且在右侧的部分29能够与墙壁槽道19接合。托架26具有中心水平浅槽道31，中心水平浅槽道具有使其在左侧部分28上与常规网格龙骨的如图2所示的标称1英寸至1/2英寸高度的加强凸起32对准的仰角和宽度。为了余隙的目的，窄水平槽33使得能够通过切掉在虚线34、35处的区域来去除左托架部分28的上部区域。两个其他水平槽36、37可以与位于任一槽中的螺钉和相关网格龙骨被用于地震应用。孔38设置成接纳用于将托架26固定至网格龙骨12、13和墙壁槽道19的腹板的螺钉紧固件。
墙壁槽道19优选地由金属薄板卷拢形成，例如由0.020英寸厚的G-30热浸镀锌钢形成。所示出的槽道19包括具有不同宽度并且从共用腹板43大致垂直地延伸的凸缘41、42。较宽凸缘41例如为标称1英寸宽，窄凸缘42为标称1/2英寸宽。这些凸缘尺寸对应于该行业中通用的市场上可买到的网格的标准和窄面的凸缘面宽度。槽道凸缘41、42具有与形成槽道19的金属条的边缘余量45相关的内弯折边44。凸缘41、42间隔开以接纳主龙骨12的高度。
如图1所示，槽道19在天花板高度处被紧固至墙壁15，其中其凸缘41或42之一处于或基本处于网格表面的平面处，当顶板瓷砖安装在网格凸缘上时网格表面的平面保持看得见。另一个凸缘42或41位于该看得见的平面上方。主龙骨12可提供有超过标准走廊宽度的长度。例如，如果建筑下的走廊具有标称8英尺宽度，则主龙骨12可以设置在8英尺6英寸的长度处，使得能够接纳走廊的任何实际突出。端部托架26现场安装在主龙骨12上，使得主龙骨一般在每个端部处可被首先适当地切割成使网格10如由主龙骨中的槽17所限定地居中的长度。接纳槽17的十字龙骨连接器(图2)在例如6英寸中心上沿着主龙骨12的长度间隔开。
端部托架26具有位于槽道接合部分29的上边缘和下边缘上的弹性舌片48-50。上部舌片48延伸部分29的全长，下部中间舌片49在外围下部舌片50之间延伸。参照图2，当托架部分29被推入槽道19内时，外围下部舌片50定比例成与宽槽道凸缘41的折边44的内缘45咬合地接合，上部舌片48定比例成与窄凸缘折边边缘45咬合地接合。由于托架26(以及如果附连时的主龙骨12)在保持水平可调节的同时直接保持在槽道中，因此上述咬合配合对于安装者来说是便利的。当处于适当的位置中时，托架26利用穿过部分29中的孔38的自钻螺钉40或其他适当的紧固件固定到槽道腹板43上。托架26可以利用单个自钻螺钉40固定到主龙骨12上。端部托架的龙骨接合部分28的上边缘52和下边缘53定比例成在相对于主龙骨腹板22定位时与加强凸起21的底部和凸缘23的顶部紧密地装配。当通过定位在孔38中的单个自钻螺钉40或其他紧固件相对于腹板22保持时，托架26不能相对于主龙骨12可感知地旋转，并且因此主龙骨不能因天花板的重量而在托架处下垂。
一般地，槽道19通过穿过槽道腹板43、比如为干式墙壁的任何墙面材料并且进入立柱54内的自钻干式墙壁螺钉55(图2)而紧固至墙壁。槽道19的上部凸缘42或41加强了槽道腹板43并且防止其由于天花板的重量而拉离其附连其上的墙壁。因此，不必使托架26或更重要地使网格龙骨12与墙壁立柱54(图1)对准，而使托架直接锚定至立柱。
由上述内容将看到，对于大约8英尺的跨距而言，龙骨12及其承载的吸声天花板元件被唯一地在其端部支承。尽管可以通过下部槽道凸缘41或42提供支承贡献，但是托架26能够完全提供该支承。
在图3中，如同天花板设施中的另一个主龙骨和十字龙骨，主龙骨112具有窄凸缘面。墙壁槽道19从其图2中的位置倒置。在该定向中，窄凸缘42将从下方是看得见的并且将在网格龙骨具有窄面设计的情况下匹配网格龙骨的外形。在墙壁槽道19具有图3中的定向的情况下，端部托架舌片50通过安装者弯曲并且中间舌片49可以接合窄凸缘42的相邻的折边边缘44。
在图2的显著位置示出了支承常规十字龙骨14的端部托架26。水平槽道31定比例成接纳龙骨14的加强凸起32，同时部分28的下部邻接龙骨的腹板58。对于地震用途，螺钉可以定位在槽37和加强凸起中。
图7和图8示出用于以图9和图10中所示的方式联结一对主龙骨12的端部的拼接板61。拼接板61在主视图中为大致矩形，由例如0.030英寸规格的热浸渍镀锌钢板形成。板61在其中间部分处沿着其上边缘和下边缘具有凹口62。浅水平肋或槽道63压印在板61的本体中。中心竖直槽形成弱化线以允许板61被手动弯曲成直角。长形水平槽66在竖直槽64的两侧上压印在板槽道63中。多个孔67设置成用于将板附连至网格龙骨的螺钉。图9示出以首尾对准方式将一对主龙骨12联结在一起的板61。当板相对于主龙骨12的腹板22抵接时，板61的上边缘68和下边缘69紧密地装配在加强凸起21与凸缘23之间。板61的装配由此防止相对于其所附连的主龙骨的任何可察觉的旋转运动。孔67或槽66中的任一者可被用于接收用于将板附接至主龙骨12的螺钉。
图10示出将主龙骨12与相交主龙骨联结的板61的使用。注意到当板61弯曲成直角时，槽64的宽度避免槽道63的区域之间的干涉。
图11示出联结主龙骨12与相交的常规十字龙骨13或14的拼接板61的使用。槽道63构造成接纳加强凸起32和板半部的下部，以抵接常规网格龙骨的腹板58。
可能存在主龙骨12不能在其端部被唯一地支承的实际情况。例如，可能没有用于覆盖所涉及的主龙骨的吊线或带的适当的附接点。图12示出可用于这种情况的十字支撑夹具71。在图13-15中详细地示出的夹具71是整体式金属薄板冲压片，例如由0.050英寸的热浸镀锌钢形成。夹具71具有直角的大致几何形状。夹具71的上平面部分72具有用于接纳用于附接至主龙骨12的腹板22的自钻螺钉的多个孔73。部分72的上边缘和下边缘间隔开以紧密地装配在主龙骨12的加强凸起21与凸缘23之间，使得该部分在抵接腹板22时不能相对于主T形件有感知地旋转。夹具71包括位于垂直于平面部分72的竖直平面中的三角形延伸部74。偏置腹板76将延伸部74联结至悬垂平面部分77。悬垂平面部分77中的孔78接纳自钻螺钉，该自钻螺钉用于在与上部平面部分72附连的主龙骨下面并且与该主龙骨成横向地附接至主龙骨12的腹板22。将从图12中看到，十字支撑夹具71从上覆主龙骨12支承下部主龙骨12。
应该理解的是，通过举例说明了本发明，可以在不脱离包含在本公开中的教导的合理范围的情况下通过增加、改变或消除细节来做出各种变化。因此，除以下权利要求必须如此限制的程度之外，本发明不限于本公开的具体细节。

Claims (10)

1.一种吊顶网格，包括多个平行的规则地间隔的主龙骨，一对相对地面对的槽道中的每一个布置成与所述主龙骨的一端相邻，所述槽道各自具有竖直腹板以及位于腹板的顶缘和底缘处的水平凸缘，每个主龙骨的每个端部处具有托架，所述托架利用第一自钻螺钉附连至所述主龙骨并且利用第二自钻螺钉附连至所述槽道的腹板，每个主龙骨作为整体从一个槽道延伸到另一个槽道并且以足够的支承能力由槽道唯一地支承，以允许所述主龙骨支承常规吸声天花板，同时沿着所述槽道之间的所述主龙骨的全部长度免除吊线或其他上覆支承元件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吊顶网格，其中，所述网格龙骨支承吸声板并且长度为大约8英尺或更长。
3.根据权利要求1所述的吊顶网格，其中，所述网格龙骨具有上部加强凸起和下部凸缘，所述托架以基本上不能够相对于所述网格龙骨感知地旋转以及基本上不能够另外允许所述网格龙骨感知地下垂至其初始安装位置以下的方式装配在所述加强凸起与凸缘之间的空间中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的吊顶网格，其中，所述槽道利用与所述第二螺钉水平地间隔开的紧固件紧固至墙壁立柱。
5.根据权利要求1所述的吊顶网格，其中，所述槽道由金属薄板卷拢形成。
6.一种金属网格龙骨和大致L形托架的组合，所述大致L形托架具有第一垂直腿和第二垂直腿，第一腿布置成在其端部处附连至所述网格龙骨的侧面，第二腿具有上部舌片和下部舌片，所述上部舌片和下部舌片用于在被插入所述槽道内时在金属薄板C形槽道的凸缘处接合内弯折边，所述下部舌片具有两个不同的大致水平的长度，由此所述托架能够在所述槽道具有下部短凸缘时由短舌片保持并且当所述槽道具有下部长凸缘时由长舌片保持。
7.一种用于由槽道形墙壁模型支承网格龙骨的金属薄板托架，所述托架在平面视图中具有直角结构，所述托架的第一部分具有用于接纳螺钉以将所述第一部分附接至所述网格龙骨的腹板的孔，第二部分具有用于将所述第二部分附接至槽道墙壁模型的腹板的螺钉的孔，所述第二部分具有从所述第二部分朝向所述第一部分延伸的大致水平舌片，所述大致水平舌片具有适于接合墙壁槽道的内弯折边的边缘的自由边缘。
8.一种网格龙骨、直角托架和墙壁模型的组合，所述墙壁模型具有竖直腹板和位于所述腹板的顶部的水平凸缘，所述托架分开地利用第一螺钉固定到所述墙壁模型上而利用第二螺钉固定到所述网格龙骨上。
9.一种用于包括金属薄板的高转动惯量网格龙骨的拼接板，所述板具有大致矩形轮廓和大于竖直高度的水平长度，所述板在中间高度处形成有水平槽道并且在所述板的包括所述水平槽道的中间部分中形成有竖直槽，所述槽形成弱化线以使得技术人员能够将所述板手动地弯曲成直角，当所述板利用突出到所述板部分朝向其弯曲的空间内的槽道弯曲时，所述槽具有的宽度足以避免所述槽的相对侧上的所述槽道的部分之间发生干涉，所述板部分具有用于接收用于将所述板附接至网格龙骨的自钻螺钉的多个通孔。
10.一种用于从第二网格龙骨悬挂第一网格龙骨的金属薄板托架，所述第二网格龙骨在所述第一网格龙骨上与所述第一网格龙骨交叉地延伸，所述托架在平面视图中具有大致直角结构，所述托架的上部部分具有用于接纳用于附接所述第二网格龙骨的自钻螺钉的多个孔，所述第一部分整体地附连至所述第二部分并且在所述第二部分以下延伸，所述第一部分具有位于所述第二部分以下的偏移弯曲部和位于所述偏移弯曲部以下的平坦部分，所述平坦部分具有用于接纳用于将所述平坦部分固定至所述第一网格龙骨的腹板的自钻螺钉的通孔。
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Application publication date: 20170510