CN106646139A - Method for positioning faults of power distribution network based on amplitude analysis of three-phase current - Google Patents
Method for positioning faults of power distribution network based on amplitude analysis of three-phase current Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646139A CN106646139A CN201611251346.4A CN201611251346A CN106646139A CN 106646139 A CN106646139 A CN 106646139A CN 201611251346 A CN201611251346 A CN 201611251346A CN 106646139 A CN106646139 A CN 106646139A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for positioning faults of a power distribution network based on the amplitude analysis of a three-phase current. The method comprises the steps of collecting the three-phase current of the power distribution network in real time, carrying out amplitude analysis on phase current of each phase before and after a single-phase earth fault once the single-phase earth fault occurs, carrying out deviation calculation by collecting phase currents with the same phase position at a starting moment so as to realize the amplitude calculation of a current phasor, simultaneously filtering the influences of load currents and interphase capacitance currents, and calculating a valid value of the change of each phase current. A monitoring device mounted at a certain point of a circuit can detect whether a detection point is located at a fault route by analyzing the change amount of the amplitude of the three-phase current. Based on the amplitude characteristics of the three-phase current after the single-phase earth fault occurs, a zero sequence current does not need to be synthesized, so that the analytical calculation quantity of a main station is reduced; and the method has relatively high practical values in the engineering.
Description
Patent field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric power automation, is related to singlephase earth fault field in power distribution network, specifically
A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis.
Background technology
Power distribution network plays a part of important distribution electric energy in power network, with the continuous expansion of power distribution network scale, electric power
The large area use of electronic installation and the access of distributed power source so that the structure of power distribution network is increasingly complicated, to frequently occurring in
Singlephase earth fault Position location accuracy in power distribution network produces certain impact.At present, China 6-35kV medium voltage distribution networks are typically adopted
With isolated neutral or the mode of neutral by arc extinction coil grounding, recurrent singlephase earth fault positioning is for a long time
It is and is solved well.
Except conventional pull wires method, the most methods being applied in engineering be using the stable state electric parameters method of zero sequence after failure,
Using injecting signal or first half-wave, traveling wave method using transient state component etc..Or they are because electrical component is too small, time delayses
It is long, or affect to position failure because sample frequency is required too high, easy fluctuation by the external world.
In recent years, it is suggested based on the analysis method in the transient current direction of circuit three-phase node, it is temporary by comparing three-phase
Whether state sense of current is identical to determine whether the point is malfunctioning node, and by alternative route direction of current flow circuit is judged
Whether it is faulty line, but the method has erroneous judgement situation under the analogue simulation of various Practical Project circuits, accuracy cannot
Ensure.
In sum, sentence in electric parameters selection, calculating and logic in the various Fault Locating Methods of the technical field at present
All have the shortcomings that on disconnected certain and poor for increasingly flexible power distribution network accuracy, it is impossible to be widely popularized in engineering field.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to three-phase current is studied in power distribution network after to breaking down, propose a kind of based on three-phase
The electrical power distribution network fault location method of current amplitude analysis.Only need to be adopted in real time by the current transformer on three-phase line
Collection phase current, after generation singlephase earth fault, the three-phase current before and after the extraction failure generation moment in short time-window, to failure
In front and back the phase current of each phase carries out phasor difference calculating, leaches the impact of load current and capacitive coupling electric current, then calculates each phase
Phase current variable quantity.Due to the change only comprising capacitance current relatively before and after single-phase earthing of phase current variable quantity, so
The phase current variable quantity approximately equal of two non-faulting phases on non-faulting path, at the same also with the phase current variable quantity of failure phase
Approximately equal；And on failure path two non-faulting phases phase current variable quantity approximately equal, while less than the phase of failure phase
Current change quantity.The detection means of certain point is so installed on circuit by each phase phase current variable quantity of analysis it may determine that
Whether the point is located on failure path.Meanwhile, it is right so as to realize with reference to the judged result and the topological structure of circuit of multiple nodes
The positioning of one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network.Method is simple, it is not necessary to grasp the feature for calculating the signals such as zero-sequence current；It is fixed on the spot
Position, it is not necessary to the data for collecting are sent to into data main website, the analytical calculation amount of main website is reduced.Fault location is accurate,
Have a good application prospect in engineering.
Technical scheme for realizing the above is as follows：
A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, it is characterised in that：
By three-phase current at current transformer real-time monitoring power distribution network each test point, when power distribution network occurs single-phase earthing
After failure, the three-phase current that failure occurs to be set in short time-window before and after the moment is extracted, the phase current of each phase before and after failure is carried out
Amplitude analysis, by gathering initial time phase place identical phase current, realize the difference operation of electric current phasor amplitude, then calculate
The amplitude variable quantity of each phase phase current；If there is the current amplitude variable quantity of a wherein phase more than other two-phase in certain test point
Current amplitude variable quantity, then judge this mutually as the earth fault phase in power distribution network；If there is the current amplitude variable quantity of failure phase
When being more than a pre-set value with the ratio of the current amplitude variable quantity of non-faulting phase, then judge that the test point is located at failure path
On；
A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, installs electricity on each test point of power distribution network
Current transformer；Characterized in that, the electrical power distribution network fault location method comprises the steps：
Step 1：Three-phase current at each test point of real-time monitoring power distribution network；
Step 2：Monitor whether phase current at each test point undergos mutation, when judge certain test point at phase current undergo mutation
When, then extract the electric current of each phase set before and after the failure generation moment at the test point in short time-window, the phase current before failure
Be expressed as i (k+n), the phase current after failure is expressed as i (k+M+n), wherein k represent failure occur before current acquisition it is initial when
Punctum, k+M represents the initial time point of current acquisition after failure generation,For integer, make the corresponding current phase of sampled point same
Step, wherein N represents the sampling number of a power frequency period, n=1, when 2 ..., mN represents each sampling from after initial time point k
Punctum, m is expressed as setting the periodicity that short time-window is included；When judging that phase current is not undergone mutation, then return to step 1；
Step 3：Each phase current before and after occurring to the failure extracted in step 2 in short time-window carries out amplitude difference meter
Calculate, phase current magnitude mathematic interpolation expression formula is as follows before and after failure：
Δi(kn)=i (k+n)-i (k+M+n), wherein n=1,2 ..., mN；
Step 4:According to the result that step 3 is tried to achieve, further calculating each phase current magnitude variable quantity before and after failure is
Phase current magnitude difference DELTA i (kn) virtual value RMS, phase current magnitude variable quantity calculation expression is as follows before and after failure：
Step 5：The phase current magnitude variable quantity tried to achieve to step 4 is compared, if there is the electric current width of a wherein phase
More than the current amplitude variable quantity of other two-phase, then this is mutually the singlephase earth fault phase in this power distribution network to value changes amount；Otherwise
There is no singlephase earth fault in the power distribution network；
Step 6：The faulted phase current amplitude variable quantity judged step 5 is carried out with non-faulting phase current magnitude variable quantity
Ratio calculation, if ratio is more than pre-set value, the test point is located on failure path；Otherwise the test point is not in failure path
On；According to the result of determination to each test point of power distribution network, the topological structure of combined circuit, the test point on failure path
Between part be power distribution network in fault section, that is, realize the positioning of singlephase earth fault in power distribution network.
The present invention further includes following preferred version：
In step 1, only each phase current need to be gathered, without the need for sending the data for collecting to main website, it is not necessary to carry out zero
The synthesis of the electric current of sequence.
In step 2, the instantaneous rate of change of phase current mutation electric currentWeigh (Δ t=1ms), be shown below：
WhenWhen, it is judged to that phase current is undergone mutation；
WhenWhen, it is judged to that phase current is not undergone mutation, return to step 1 continues the state for monitoring phase current.
In step 2, short time-window is set as 2 power frequency periods, i.e. 40ms.
In step 6, pre-set value is 5-10.
It is an advantage of the invention that：(1) method is simple, it is not necessary to grasp the feature for calculating the signals such as zero-sequence current.Only need to
By current transformer (or fault detector) the Real-time Collection phase current on three-phase line, on the spot to gathering failure
Three-phase current before and after generation in short time-window, it is to avoid it is traditional using zero sequence signal positioning belt come error；(2) position on the spot,
The data for collecting need not be sent to data main website.Only need to calculate the magnitude of current of in-site collecting, so as to realize
Positioning to one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network；(3) preferably it is applied to isolated neutral or neutral by arc extinction coil grounding
Small current neutral grounding system, in engineering have very high promotional value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Jing grounding through arc small current single-phase earthings therefore tradition barrier system simulation model；
Fig. 2 is monitoring fault moment fault section node and non-faulting section node three-phase current change curve；Wherein, scheme
2 (a) is fault moment fault section node three-phase current change curve；Fig. 2 (b) is fault moment non-faulting section node three-phase
Curent change curve；
Fig. 3 is monitoring node three-phase current change curve；Wherein, Fig. 3 (a) is malfunctioning node three-phase current change curve,
Fig. 3 (b) is non-faulting node three-phase current change curve；
Fig. 4 is three-phase current difference change curve before and after failure occurs；Wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is three before and after fault section failure
Phase differential current value changes curve, Fig. 4 (b) is three-phase current difference change curve before and after non-faulting section fault；
Fig. 5 is the electrical power distribution network fault location method FB(flow block) based on three-phase current amplitude analysis disclosed by the invention.
Specific embodiment
The content invented is described further below with reference to accompanying drawing and example.
As shown in Figure 1, to be that the Jing grounding through arc small currents built of electric power transient simulation software ATP are single-phase connect Fig. 1
Earth fault system model, wherein, CT is the current transformer on three-phase line, wherein CT I 1, CT I 2, CT II 1, CT III
1st, CT IV 1, CT IV 2 are the current detecting transformer of this simulation model.The head end of each bar branched line in addition to bus is added
Dress current transformer, for the different length of circuit one or more test points are arranged, and in this example CT IV 1, CT IV 2 are to set
The current transformer on failure path is put, name test point is X0001, X0016, and CT I 1 is to be arranged on non-faulting path
Current transformer, name test point is X0036, the situation that simulated failure occurs in 0.1s in test, and carry out accuracy inspection
Test.
Disclosed in the present application can be adopted to the small current neutral grounding system generation singlephase earth fault of Jing grounding through arc
One kind carries out fault location based on three-phase current amplitude analysis method, and on each test point of power distribution network current transformer is installed.Ginseng
See accompanying drawing 5, its step is as follows：
Step 1：Real-time monitoring power distribution network three-phase current；
Step 2：Whether monitoring phase current undergos mutation, when judging that phase current is undergone mutation, then when extracting failure generation
The electric current of each phase in short time-window is set before and after quarter, in the embodiment of the present application, short time-window is set as 2 power frequency periods, i.e.,
40ms.Phase current before failure is expressed as i (k+n), and the phase current after failure is expressed as, and wherein k represents that failure occurs front electric current
The initial time point of amount collection, k+M represents the initial time point of magnitude of current collection after failure generation, is that integer makes sampled point correspondence
Current phase synchronization, realize electric current phasor to the conversion of current amplitude, wherein N represents the sampling number of a power frequency period, n
=1,2 ..., mN represent each sampling instant point from after initial time point k, and m is expressed as setting the cycle that short time-window is included
Number；When judging that phase current is not undergone mutation, then return to step 1；
The judgement of phase current mutation is shown below：
WhenWhen (Δ t=1ms), be judged to that phase current is undergone mutation；
WhenWhen (Δ t=1ms), be judged to that phase current is not undergone mutation, return to step 1 continues to monitor phase current
State.
In this example, failure occurs in 0.1s, and as shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 (a) is fault moment fault section node
Three-phase current change curve, Fig. 2 (b) is fault moment non-faulting section node three-phase current change curve, it can be clearly seen that
Either positioned at the node or the node of non-faulting section of fault section, the sense of current of its failure phase is instantaneous and non-faulting
It is mutually anti-phase, make correctly be positioned failure based on the analysis method in the transient current direction of circuit three-phase node.Such as
Shown in accompanying drawing 3, Fig. 3 is node three-phase current change curve, and the initial time of the collection before failure is 0, and the collection after failure rises
Moment beginning is 0.2s, and each periodic sampling points is 2000, altogether 2 cycles of collection, therefore k=0, k+M=20000, N=2000, m
=2.
Step 3：Each phase current before and after occurring to the failure extracted in step 2 in short time-window carries out amplitude difference meter
Calculate, phase current magnitude mathematic interpolation expression formula is as follows before and after failure：
Δi(kn)=i (k+n)-i (k+M+n), wherein n=1,2 ..., mN
In the embodiment of the present application by taking X0001 test points and X0036 test points as an example, illustrate based on three-phase current amplitude analysis
Fault Locating Method.WhereinFor integer, phase condition is met, while drawing before and after phase that is out of order using MATLAB
Current amplitude difference curve, as shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 (a) is that three-phase current difference in magnitude value changes are bent before and after fault section failure
Line, Fig. 4 (b) is three-phase current difference in magnitude value changes curve before and after non-faulting section fault, it can be found that the electric current width of failure phase
Value difference value is significantly greater than the current amplitude difference of non-faulting phase.
Step 4:According to the result that step 3 is tried to achieve, it is mutually electric further to calculate phase current magnitude variable quantity before and after failure
Stream amplitude difference DELTA i (kn) virtual value RMS, phase current magnitude variable quantity calculation expression is as follows before and after failure：
In the embodiment of the present application, the phase current magnitude variable quantity result of calculation before and after two node failures is listed in into following table
In：
Step 5：The phase current magnitude variable quantity tried to achieve to step 4 is compared, if there is the electric current width of a wherein phase
More than the current amplitude variable quantity of other two-phase, then this is mutually the singlephase earth fault phase of this power distribution network to value changes amount；Otherwise should
There is no singlephase earth fault in power distribution network.
In the embodiment of the present application, according to the result tried to achieve of step 4, it is known that the A phase current magnitudes of two test points become
Change amount is more than the singlephase earth fault phase of B, C biphase current amplitude variable quantity, therefore A phases for this power distribution network.
Step 6：The faulted phase current amplitude variable quantity judged step 5 is carried out with non-faulting phase current magnitude variable quantity
Ratio calculation.If there is ratio more than pre-set value, the test point is located on failure path；Otherwise do not occur in the power distribution network
Singlephase earth fault.According to the result of determination to each test point of power distribution network, the topological structure of combined circuit, positioned at failure path
On test point between part be power distribution network in fault section, that is, realize the positioning of singlephase earth fault in power distribution network, its
Middle pre-set value value is between 5-10, including boundary value 5 and 10.
In present application example, faulted phase current amplitude variable quantity is arranged according to the topological structure of circuit mutually electric with non-faulting
The setting value of the ratio of stream amplitude variable quantity is 5.In other preferred embodiments, pre-set value can be taken on 6,7,8,9 or 10 etc.
State the numerical value in span.The result tried to achieve according to step 5, result of calculation is in the following table:
Data in observation table, it is known that the ratio of the phase current magnitude variable quantity before and after the three-phase current failure of test point X0001
More than setting value, the test point is located on failure path；Phase current magnitude before and after the three-phase current failure of test point X0036 becomes
The ratio of change amount is less than setting value, and the test point is not located on failure path.Same calculating is carried out to other test points, can be sentenced
Break and test point X0016 on failure path, and other test points are not located on failure path.The topology knot of combined circuit
Structure understands that the fault section of the small current neutral grounding system of the Jing grounding through arc is located at test point X0001 and test point X0016
Between, it was demonstrated that the accuracy based on the electrical power distribution network fault location method of three-phase current amplitude analysis.
Example given above not makees any formal to illustrate the present invention and its practical application to the present invention
Restriction, any one professional and technical personnel in the range of without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to above technology and
Method makees certain modification and change when the Equivalent embodiments that be considered as equivalent variations.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, on each test point of power distribution network electric current is installed
Transformer；It is characterized in that：
By three-phase current at current transformer real-time monitoring power distribution network each test point, when power distribution network occurs singlephase earth fault
Afterwards, the three-phase current that failure occurs to be set in short time-window before and after the moment is extracted, amplitude is carried out to the phase current of each phase before and after failure
Analysis, by gathering initial time phase place identical phase current before and after failure, realizes the difference operation of electric current phasor amplitude, then
Calculate the amplitude variable quantity of each phase phase current；If the current amplitude variable quantity that there is a wherein phase in certain test point is more than other two
The current amplitude variable quantity of phase, then judge this mutually as the earth fault phase in power distribution network；If the current amplitude that there is failure phase becomes
When change amount is more than a pre-set value with the ratio of the current amplitude variable quantity of non-faulting phase, then judge that the test point is located at failure road
On footpath.
2. a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, on each test point of power distribution network electric current is installed
Transformer；Characterized in that, the electrical power distribution network fault location method comprises the steps：
Step 1：Three-phase current at each test point of real-time monitoring power distribution network；
Step 2：Monitor whether phase current at each test point undergos mutation, when judging that phase current is undergone mutation at certain test point,
The electric current of each phase set before and after the failure generation moment at the test point in short time-window is then extracted, the phase current before failure is represented
For i (k+n), the phase current after failure is expressed as i (k+M+n), wherein k represent failure occur before current acquisition initial time
Point, k+M represents the initial time point of current acquisition after failure generation,For integer, the corresponding current phase synchronization of sampled point is made,
Wherein N represents the sampling number of a power frequency period, n=1, and 2 ..., mN represents each sampling instant from after initial time point k
Point, m is expressed as setting the periodicity that short time-window is included；When judging that phase current is not undergone mutation, then return to step 1；
Step 3：Each phase current before and after occurring to the failure extracted in step 2 in short time-window carries out amplitude mathematic interpolation,
Phase current magnitude mathematic interpolation expression formula is as follows before and after failure：
Δi(kn)=i (k+n)-i (k+M+n), wherein n=1,2 ..., mN；
Step 4:According to the result that step 3 is tried to achieve, it is mutually electric further to calculate each phase current magnitude variable quantity before and after failure
Stream amplitude difference DELTA i (kn) virtual value RMS, phase current magnitude variable quantity calculation expression is as follows before and after failure：
Step 5：The phase current magnitude variable quantity tried to achieve to step 4 is compared, if the current amplitude that there is a wherein phase becomes
More than the current amplitude variable quantity of other two-phase, then this is mutually the singlephase earth fault phase in this power distribution network to change amount；Otherwise this is matched somebody with somebody
There is no singlephase earth fault in electrical network.
Step 6：The faulted phase current amplitude variable quantity judged step 5 carries out ratio with non-faulting phase current magnitude variable quantity
Calculate, if ratio is more than pre-set value, the test point is located on failure path；Otherwise the test point is not on failure path；
According to the result of determination to each test point of power distribution network, the topological structure of combined circuit, the test point on failure path it
Between part be power distribution network in fault section, that is, realize the positioning of singlephase earth fault in power distribution network.
3. the electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis according to right 2, it is characterised in that：
In step 1, only each phase current need to be gathered, without the need for sending the data for collecting to main website, it is not necessary to carry out zero sequence
The synthesis of electric current.
4. the electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
In step 2, the instantaneous rate of change of phase current mutation electric currentWeigh, wherein Δ t=1ms is shown below：
WhenWhen, it is judged to that phase current is undergone mutation；
WhenWhen, it is judged to that phase current is not undergone mutation, return to step 1 continues the state for monitoring phase current.
5. the electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis according to right 2 or 4, it is characterised in that：
In step 2, short time-window is set as 2 power frequency periods, i.e. 40ms.
6. the electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis according to right 2, it is characterised in that：
In step 6, pre-set value is 5-10.
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