CN117310554A - Method for detecting single-phase grounding faults of power collecting line of photovoltaic power distribution network - Google Patents
Method for detecting single-phase grounding faults of power collecting line of photovoltaic power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention is applicable to the technical field of detection of photovoltaic power distribution networks, and provides a method for detecting single-phase earth faults of a power collection line of a photovoltaic power distribution network, which comprises the steps of detecting three-phase traveling waves of each detection point in the power collection line of the photovoltaic power distribution network through a traveling wave transformer, and judging whether traveling wave current mutation occurs in the power collection line according to a set traveling wave current threshold value; when judging that the current collecting line has the travelling wave current mutation, acquiring the travelling wave current of each phase line of a set time period before and after the travelling wave current mutation moment of the current collecting line; calculating the traveling wave current variation of each phase line and the unequal quantity of the traveling wave variation of each phase line according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the abrupt change moment; and judging according to the traveling wave current variation quantity of each phase line and the traveling wave variation asymmetry quantity of each phase, and determining whether the ground fault occurs. According to the method, the ground fault is identified by calculation and judgment based on the traveling wave variation, zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current are not relied on, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power distribution network detection, and particularly relates to a single-phase grounding fault detection method for a power collection line of a photovoltaic power distribution network.
Background
The photovoltaic line power generation occupation area is wide, the wiring of an internal current collecting line is complex, the cable overhead mixed frame current collecting line is influenced by severe operation environments during operation, various grounding faults and hidden danger discharging conditions can occur, the line trips, the photovoltaic current collecting cable line does not have direct observability, fault point searching is extremely difficult, in the operation process, insulator pollution accumulation and degradation, wire strand breakage, tree superelevation and the like can cause certain defects in line insulation, and a discharging phenomenon is generated. The cable current collecting circuit is easy to fail due to the complex operation environment and longer service life, meanwhile, the wiring of the internal current collecting circuit is complex, and when the photovoltaic current collecting cable circuit fails, the searching of the failure point is often very difficult; the cable main insulation and the ageing and defect of the cable joint cause hidden trouble defect discharge, and if the hidden trouble discharge can not be treated in time, serious safety risks are caused for the stable operation of the system.
The existing ground fault detection method of the photovoltaic power distribution network mainly comprises low-sampling steady-state data, and only low-resistance faults can be solved; the fault detection corresponding to hidden danger discharge adopts a partial discharge method, the offline detection efficiency is low, the problem of power failure is solved, and the time and the labor are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a single-phase earth fault detection method for a power collection line of a photovoltaic power distribution network, and aims to solve the problem that the off-line detection efficiency is low due to the fact that partial discharge is adopted in hidden danger discharge fault detection in the photovoltaic power distribution network.
The embodiment of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides a method for detecting single-phase earth faults of a power collecting line of a photovoltaic power distribution network, which comprises the following steps:
detecting three-phase traveling waves of each detection point in a current collecting circuit of a photovoltaic power distribution network through a traveling wave transformer, and judging whether traveling wave current mutation occurs in the current collecting circuit according to a set traveling wave current threshold value;
when judging that the current collecting line has the travelling wave current mutation, acquiring the travelling wave current of each phase line of a set time period before and after the travelling wave current mutation moment of the current collecting line;
calculating the traveling wave current variation of each phase line and the unequal quantity of the traveling wave variation of each phase line according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the abrupt change moment;
and judging according to the traveling wave current variation quantity of each phase line and the traveling wave variation asymmetry quantity of each phase, and determining whether the ground fault occurs.
Further, the calculating the traveling wave current variation of each phase line and the traveling wave variation of each phase line according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the abrupt change time is not balanced, includes:
calculating the difference value of the variation of sampling values of any two-phase traveling wave current according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the traveling wave current abrupt change moment, wherein the difference value comprises AB inter-phase difference current, BC inter-phase difference current and CA inter-phase difference current;
calculating the effective value RMS of the amplitude variation of any two-phase traveling wave current according to the difference value of the sampling value variation of any two-phase traveling wave current;
and calculating the traveling wave change of each phase according to the effective value RMS of the amplitude change of the traveling wave current of any two phases, wherein the traveling wave change of each phase is not weighed.
Further, the determining, according to the variable quantity of the traveling wave current of each phase line and the asymmetric variable quantity of the traveling wave of each phase, whether the ground fault occurs or not includes:
if at least any one phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount is larger than a preset phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount threshold value, selecting a maximum value of the three-phase traveling wave current change amount; and judging whether the maximum value is larger than the current variation of the other two phases of travelling waves by multiplying the current variation of the other two phases of travelling waves by a preset phase travelling wave variation asymmetry threshold value, if so, determining that the maximum value of the current variation of the phase travelling waves is a ground fault phase, and the other two phases are non-fault phases.
Further, the determining, according to the variable quantity of the traveling wave current of each phase line and the asymmetric variable quantity of the traveling wave of each phase, whether the ground fault occurs or not further includes:
and if the condition that any one phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount is not more than a preset phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount threshold is not met, resetting.
Furthermore, the three-phase current traveling wave of each detection point in the photovoltaic current collection line is collected through the traveling wave transformer, which is specifically as follows:
when the traveling wave sensor is used for a line selection device in a transformer substation of the photovoltaic power distribution network, detection points are positioned at the head ends of all feeder lines in the transformer substation, and three-phase current traveling waves at the head ends of all feeder lines in the transformer substation are collected through the traveling wave transformer;
when the traveling wave sensor is used for a substation outer current collecting circuit of the photovoltaic power distribution network, the detection point is located at a power distribution terminal on the substation outer current collecting circuit, and three-phase current traveling waves of the power distribution terminal on the substation outer current collecting circuit are collected through the traveling wave transformer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for detecting the single-phase earth fault of the current collecting line of the photovoltaic power distribution network, the traveling wave transformer is used for detecting three-phase traveling waves of each detection point in the current collecting line of the photovoltaic power distribution network, and whether the current collecting line has traveling wave current mutation or not is judged according to a set traveling wave current threshold value; when judging that the current collecting line has the travelling wave current mutation, acquiring the travelling wave current of each phase line of a set time period before and after the travelling wave current mutation moment of the current collecting line; calculating the traveling wave current variation of each phase line and the unequal quantity of the traveling wave variation of each phase line according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the abrupt change moment; and judging according to the traveling wave current variation quantity of each phase line and the traveling wave variation asymmetry quantity of each phase, and determining whether the ground fault occurs. The method is simple in scheme, easy to realize, independent of the limiting conditions of zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current, and improves detection efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a method for detecting a single-phase ground fault of a collector line of a photovoltaic power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of three-phase traveling wave variation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic step diagram of a method for detecting a single-phase ground fault of a collector line of a photovoltaic power distribution network according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the method for detecting the single-phase earth fault of the electric collecting line of the photovoltaic power distribution network is simple and easy to realize, current or voltage traveling waves are collected in real time only through the traveling wave sensing units arranged on the three-phase line, the characteristics of signals such as zero modes or line modes are not required to be mastered, the limiting conditions of zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current are not relied on, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a single-phase ground fault of a power collecting line of a photovoltaic power distribution network, including:
s1, detecting three-phase traveling waves of each detection point in a current collection circuit of a photovoltaic power distribution network through a traveling wave transformer, and judging whether traveling wave current mutation occurs in the current collection circuit according to a set traveling wave current threshold value;
because the calculation is performed based on the traveling wave variation, in the photovoltaic power distribution network, a traveling wave transformer is adopted to detect each detection point in the current collection line of the photovoltaic power distribution network, and three-phase traveling waves of each detection point are displayed, in the embodiment, the three-phase traveling waves of each detection point are displayed through an oscilloscope, so that the curve trend of current can be intuitively observed, if the current curve changes greatly in the three-phase traveling wave diagram, as can be seen from fig. 2, whether the current collection line has traveling wave current mutation can be clearly observed according to the set traveling wave current threshold value.
S2, after judging that the current collecting line has the traveling wave current mutation, acquiring traveling wave current of each phase line of a set time period before and after the traveling wave current mutation time of the current collecting line;
after it is determined that the traveling wave current mutation has occurred, the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set period of time before and after the traveling wave current mutation time of the collecting line is required, and in this embodiment, the specific collection mode may be selected through the data amplitude displayed by the oscilloscope. Meanwhile, the time period set before and after the mutation time can be set automatically in a reasonable range according to actual conditions.
S3, calculating the traveling wave current variation of each phase line according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the abrupt change moment, wherein the traveling wave variation of each phase line is not weighed;
and S4, judging according to the traveling wave current variation quantity of each phase line and the traveling wave variation asymmetry quantity of each phase, and determining whether the ground fault occurs.
In this embodiment, a traveling wave transformer is used to detect three-phase traveling waves at each detection point in the collecting line of the photovoltaic power distribution network. Acquisition may also be performed by other acquisition devices in some embodiments, and the acquisition devices may be provided with waveform display functionality.
According to the method for detecting the single-phase earth fault of the power collection line of the photovoltaic power distribution network, the three-phase traveling wave on the power distribution line is sampled and monitored in real time; calculating the three-phase traveling wave variable quantity; and detecting the ground fault by judging the unbalance degree of the three-phase traveling wave variation, and determining whether the ground fault occurs. Compared with the prior art, the method is simple and easy to realize, current or voltage traveling waves are collected in real time only through a traveling wave sensing unit arranged on a three-phase line, the characteristics of signals such as zero mode or line mode are not required to be mastered and calculated, the limiting conditions of zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current are not relied on, and the detection efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the method can conduct on-site research and judgment, collected data do not need to be transmitted to a data master station, and errors caused by time synchronization and other problems in traditional signal positioning can be well avoided. Only the traveling wave quantity acquired in situ is calculated, so that the single-phase earth fault and hidden trouble of the power distribution network are detected.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, calculating the traveling wave current variation of each phase line and the traveling wave variation of each phase line according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in the set time period before and after the abrupt change time includes:
s11, calculating the difference value of the variation of sampling values of any two-phase traveling wave current according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the traveling wave current abrupt change moment, wherein the difference value comprises AB inter-phase difference current, BC inter-phase difference current and CA inter-phase difference current;
in this embodiment, the window is taken to take waveform data of a set time period (0.05 ms before and after the mutation point) before and after the mutation occurrence time for calculation, and then:
AB phase difference current Deltai AB ：
Δi AB ＝Δi A -Δi B
BC phase difference current Δi BC ：
Δi BC ＝Δi B -Δi C
CA interphase difference current Deltai CA ：
Δi CA ＝Δi C -Δi A
S12, calculating an effective value RMS (root mean square) of the amplitude variation of the arbitrary two-phase traveling wave current according to the difference value of the sampling value variation of the arbitrary two-phase traveling wave current, wherein the effective value RMS is expressed as:
where i is denoted by (AB, BC, CA), and N is the number of sampling points in a set period of time (0.05 ms before and after the mutation point) before and after the mutation point.
S13, calculating the unequal amount of traveling wave change of each phase according to the effective value RMS of the amplitude change of the traveling wave current of any two phases, wherein the unequal amount is expressed as follows:
in this embodiment, waveform data of a set period of time (0.05 ms before and after the mutation occurrence point) is taken and calculated in the window, and is not limited to 0.05ms, and in other embodiments, the waveform data may be self-formulated according to actual conditions.
According to the embodiment, the difference value of the variation of the sampling value of the travelling wave current of any two phases is obtained by calculating the waveform data of 0.05ms before and after the mutation point, the effective value RMS of the variation of the amplitude of the travelling wave current of any two phases is further calculated, and finally the travelling wave variation of each phase is obtained by calculation, so that the calculation process is simple, the data acquisition is convenient and accurate, the efficiency is high, and an accurate data source is provided for the subsequent ground fault judgment.
Example III
In this embodiment, the determining, according to the variable quantity of the traveling wave current of each phase line and the asymmetric variable quantity of the traveling wave of each phase, whether the ground fault occurs includes:
if at least any one of the phase traveling wave change asymmetry amounts is greater than a predetermined phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount threshold, for example, max (p A ,Ρ B ,Ρ C )>k (and k is in the range of [2,4]])；
Selecting a maximum value of the three-phase traveling wave current variation, namely delta Imax, and judging whether the maximum value is larger than the other two-phase traveling wave current variation multiplied by a preset phase traveling wave variation asymmetry amount threshold value or not, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps of:
if the sum of the I delta Imax I1 and the I delta Imax I2 is satisfied, determining that the maximum value of the current variation of the phase traveling wave occurs as a grounding fault phase, and the other two phases are non-fault phases
Wherein, the value range of k is [2,4], [ delta ] I1 and [ delta ] I2 are the change amount of the traveling wave of the current of the other two phases at the sampling time of [ delta ] Imax respectively, and the earth fault is judged to occur.
In the present embodiment, Δimax=max { Δia }, |Δib|, |Δic| } the maximum value Δimax of the phase traveling wave current variation is the one of the three phases.
In addition, in other embodiments, if any one of the phase traveling wave change asymmetry amounts is not satisfied to be greater than the preset phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount threshold value, the method is reset. The resetting means that the alarm signal generated by the protection action is confirmed, in this embodiment, the ground fault signal is generated, after the secondary system sends out the alarm signal, the secondary system has attracted attention of the attendant and takes corresponding treatment measures, and at this time, the attendant can manually eliminate the ground fault signal according to a working procedure.
Example IV
The three-phase current traveling wave of each detection point in the photovoltaic current collection line is collected through the traveling wave transformer, and the three-phase current traveling wave is specifically:
when the traveling wave sensor is used for a line selection device in a transformer substation of the photovoltaic power distribution network, detection points are positioned at the head ends of all feeder lines in the transformer substation, and three-phase current traveling waves at the head ends of all feeder lines in the transformer substation are collected through the traveling wave transformer;
when the traveling wave sensor is used for a substation outer current collecting circuit of the photovoltaic power distribution network, the detection point is located at a power distribution terminal on the substation outer current collecting circuit, and three-phase current traveling waves of the power distribution terminal on the substation outer current collecting circuit are collected through the traveling wave transformer.
In other embodiments, the detection points may be selected again, and the detection points are not unique, which is most preferable, and may be selected according to the actual situation.
It is understood that those skilled in the art can combine the various embodiments of the above embodiments to obtain technical solutions of the various embodiments under the teachings of the above embodiments.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a collection circuit single-phase earth fault detection method of photovoltaic distribution network which characterized in that includes:
detecting three-phase traveling waves of each detection point in a current collecting circuit of a photovoltaic power distribution network through a traveling wave transformer, and judging whether traveling wave current mutation occurs in the current collecting circuit according to a set traveling wave current threshold value;
when judging that the current collecting line has the travelling wave current mutation, acquiring the travelling wave current of each phase line of a set time period before and after the travelling wave current mutation moment of the current collecting line;
calculating the traveling wave current variation of each phase line and the unequal quantity of the traveling wave variation of each phase line according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the abrupt change moment;
and judging according to the traveling wave current variation quantity of each phase line and the traveling wave variation asymmetry quantity of each phase, and determining whether the ground fault occurs.
2. The method for detecting a single-phase earth fault of an optical Fu Jidian cable line according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the phase traveling wave current variation and the phase traveling wave variation according to the phase traveling wave currents of the respective phase lines in a set period of time before and after the abrupt change time includes:
calculating the difference value of the variation of sampling values of any two-phase traveling wave current according to the traveling wave current of each phase line in a set time period before and after the traveling wave current abrupt change moment, wherein the difference value comprises AB inter-phase difference current, BC inter-phase difference current and CA inter-phase difference current;
calculating the effective value RMS of the amplitude variation of any two-phase traveling wave current according to the difference value of the sampling value variation of any two-phase traveling wave current;
and calculating the traveling wave change of each phase according to the effective value RMS of the amplitude change of the traveling wave current of any two phases, wherein the traveling wave change of each phase is not weighed.
3. The method for detecting a single-phase earth fault of an optical Fu Jidian cable line according to claim 2, wherein the determining whether the earth fault occurs according to the traveling wave current variation amount of each phase line and the traveling wave variation asymmetry amount of each phase line comprises:
if at least any one phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount is larger than a preset phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount threshold value, selecting a maximum value of the three-phase traveling wave current change amount; and judging whether the maximum value is larger than the current variation of the other two phases of travelling waves by multiplying the current variation of the other two phases of travelling waves by a preset phase travelling wave variation asymmetry threshold value, if so, determining that the maximum value of the current variation of the phase travelling waves is a ground fault phase, and the other two phases are non-fault phases.
4. The method for detecting a single-phase earth fault of an optical Fu Jidian cable line according to claim 3, wherein the determining whether an earth fault occurs based on the amount of change in traveling wave current of each phase line and the amount of asymmetry in traveling wave change of each phase further comprises:
and if the condition that any one phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount is not more than a preset phase traveling wave change asymmetry amount threshold is not met, resetting.
5. The method for detecting the single-phase earth fault of the optical Fu Jidian cable line according to claim 1, wherein the collecting three-phase current traveling waves of each detection point in the photovoltaic current collection line through the traveling wave transformer is specifically as follows:
when the traveling wave sensor is used for a line selection device in a transformer substation of the photovoltaic power distribution network, detection points are positioned at the head ends of all feeder lines in the transformer substation, and three-phase current traveling waves at the head ends of all feeder lines in the transformer substation are collected through the traveling wave transformer;
when the traveling wave sensor is used for a substation outer current collecting circuit of the photovoltaic power distribution network, the detection point is located at a power distribution terminal on the substation outer current collecting circuit, and three-phase current traveling waves of the power distribution terminal on the substation outer current collecting circuit are collected through the traveling wave transformer.
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