CN106646139B - A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis - Google Patents
A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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Abstract
A kind of one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network localization method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis.Acquisition power distribution network three-phase current in real time, amplitude analysis is carried out to the phase current of phase each before and after failure after singlephase earth fault occurs, difference calculating is carried out by the identical phase current of acquisition initial time phase, realize the amplitude operation of electric current phasor, then the influence for filtering out load current and capacitive coupling electric current simultaneously calculates the virtual value of each phase phase current magnitude variation.It is installed on the monitoring device that some is put on route and passes through analysis three-phase current amplitude variable quantity it may determine that whether the test point is located on failure path.The amplitude feature of three-phase current after occurring the present invention is based on single ground fault does not need synthesis zero-sequence current, reduces the analytical calculation amount of main website, in engineering practical value with higher.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric power automation, it is related to singlephase earth fault field in power distribution network, specifically
A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis.
Background technique
Power distribution network plays a part of important distribution electric energy in power network, with the continuous expansion of power distribution network scale, electric power
The large area of electronic device uses and the access of distributed generation resource, so that the structure of power distribution network is increasingly complicated, to frequently occurring in
Singlephase earth fault positioning accuracy in power distribution network generates certain influence.Currently, China's 6-35kV medium voltage distribution network is generally adopted
With the mode of isolated neutral or neutral by arc extinction coil grounding, recurrent singlephase earth fault positioning is for a long time
It is not well solved.
Except conventional pull wires method, be applied to the most methods in engineering be using the stable state electrical quantity method of zero sequence after failure,
Utilize the first half-wave of injecting signal or utilization transient state component, traveling wave method etc..Or they are because electrical component is too small, time delays
It is too long, or because excessively high, positioning of the influence to failure vulnerable to extraneous fluctuate is required on sample frequency.
In recent years, the analysis method in the transient current direction based on route three-phase node is suggested, temporary by comparing three-phase
Whether the state sense of current whether identical determination point is malfunctioning node, judges route by comparing line current flow direction
It whether is faulty line, but this method has erroneous judgement situation under the analogue simulation of a variety of Practical Project routes, accuracy can not
Guarantee.
In conclusion sentencing at present in the various Fault Locating Methods of the technical field in electrical quantity selection, calculating and logic
It all has some disadvantages, and poor for increasingly flexible power distribution network accuracy, can not be widely popularized in engineering field on disconnected.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to study three-phase current in power distribution network after breaking down, propose a kind of based on three-phase
The electrical power distribution network fault location method of current amplitude analysis.It only needs to adopt in real time by the current transformer being mounted on three-phase line
Collect phase current, after singlephase earth fault occurs, the three-phase current in failure generation moment front and back short time-window is extracted, to failure
The phase current of each phase in front and back carries out the calculating of phasor difference, filters out the influence of load current and capacitive coupling electric current, then calculates each phase
Phase current variable quantity.Since phase current variable quantity only includes variation of the capacitance current before and after single-phase earthing relatively, so
The phase current variable quantity of two non-faulting phases is approximately equal on non-faulting path, at the same also with the phase current variable quantity of failure phase
It is approximately equal；And the phase current variable quantity of two non-faulting phases is approximately equal on failure path, while being less than the phase of failure phase
Current change quantity.Detection device that some is put is installed on route in this way by analyzing each phase phase current variable quantity it may determine that
Whether the point is located on failure path.Meanwhile in conjunction with the judging result of multiple nodes and the topological structure of route, thus realization pair
The positioning of one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network.Method is simple, is not required to the feature that master calculates the signals such as zero-sequence current；It is fixed on the spot
Position, does not need the analytical calculation amount that collected data transmission to data main website is reduced to main website.Fault location is accurate,
It has a good application prospect in engineering.
It is as follows for realizing the technical solution of above content:
A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, it is characterised in that:
By three-phase current at each test point of current transformer real-time monitoring power distribution network, when single-phase earthing occurs for power distribution network
After failure, the three-phase current in failure generation moment front and back setting short time-window is extracted, the phase current of phase each before and after failure is carried out
Amplitude analysis is realized the difference operation of electric current phasor amplitude, is then calculated by the identical phase current of acquisition initial time phase
The amplitude variable quantity of each phase phase current；In certain test point, wherein the current amplitude variable quantity of a phase is greater than other two-phase if it exists
Current amplitude variable quantity then determines this mutually and is the ground fault phase in power distribution network；The current amplitude variable quantity of failure phase if it exists
When being greater than a pre-set value with the ratio between the current amplitude variable quantity of non-faulting phase, then determine that the test point is located at failure path
On；
A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis installs electricity on each test point of power distribution network
Current transformer；It is characterized in that, the electrical power distribution network fault location method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the three-phase current at each test point of real-time monitoring power distribution network；
Step 2: monitoring whether phase current at each test point mutates, phase current mutates at certain test point of judgement
When, then extract the electric current for each phase that failure at the test point occurs in moment front and back setting short time-window, the phase current before failure
It is expressed as i (k+n), the phase current after failure is expressed as i (k+M+n), when wherein k indicates that the starting of preceding current acquisition occurs for failure
Punctum, k+M indicate the initial time point of current acquisition after failure generation,For integer, keep the corresponding current phase of sampled point same
Step, wherein N indicates that the sampling number of a power frequency period, n=1,2 ..., mN are indicated from each sampling after initial time point k
Moment point, m are expressed as the periodicity that setting short time-window is included；When determine phase current there is no when mutation, then return step
1；
Step 3: each phase current in the short time-window of front and back being occurred to the failure extracted in step 2 and carries out amplitude difference meter
It calculates, phase current magnitude difference calculation expression is as follows before and after failure:
Δi(kn)=i (k+n)-i (k+M+n), wherein n=1,2 ..., mN；
Step 4: obtained according to step 3 as a result, further calculating each phase current magnitude variable quantity in failure front and back i.e.
Phase current magnitude difference DELTA i (kn) virtual value RMS, phase current magnitude variable quantity calculation expression is as follows before and after failure:
Step 5: the obtained phase current magnitude variable quantity of step 4 being compared, if it exists the wherein electric current width of a phase
It is worth the current amplitude variable quantity that variable quantity is greater than other two-phase, then the mutually singlephase earth fault phase in power distribution network thus；Otherwise
Singlephase earth fault does not occur in the power distribution network；
Step 6: the faulted phase current amplitude variable quantity and non-faulting phase current magnitude variable quantity determined step 5 carries out
Ratio calculation, if ratio is greater than pre-set value, which is located on failure path；Otherwise the test point is not in failure path
On；According to the judgement to each test point of power distribution network as a result, the topological structure of combined circuit, the test point on failure path
Between part be power distribution network in fault section, i.e., realization power distribution network in singlephase earth fault positioning.
The present invention further comprises following preferred embodiment:
In step 1, each phase current only need to be acquired, it is not necessary that collected data transmission to main website, is not needed carry out zero
The synthesis of the electric current of sequence.
In step 2, the phase current mutation instantaneous rate of change of electric currentIt measures (Δ t=1ms), is shown below:
WhenWhen, it is determined as that phase current mutates；
WhenWhen, it is determined as that phase current does not mutate, return step 1 continues to monitor the state of phase current.
In step 2, short time-window is set as 2 power frequency periods, i.e. 40ms.
In step 6, pre-set value 5-10.
The invention has the advantages that (1) method is simple, it is not required to the feature that master calculates the signals such as zero-sequence current.Only need
Phase current is acquired in real time by the current transformer (or fault detector) being mounted on three-phase line, on the spot to acquisition failure
The three-phase current in the short time-window of front and back occurs, avoids tradition using zero sequence signal and positions bring error；(2) it positions on the spot,
It does not need collected data transmission to data main website.It only needs to calculate the magnitude of current of in-site collecting, to realize
Positioning to one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network；(3) preferably it is suitable for isolated neutral or neutral by arc extinction coil grounding
Small current neutral grounding system, have great popularization value in engineering.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is through grounding through arc low current single-phase earthing therefore tradition hinders system simulation model；
Fig. 2 is monitoring fault moment fault section node and non-faulting section node three-phase current change curve；Wherein, scheme
2 (a) be fault moment fault section node three-phase current change curve；Fig. 2 (b) is fault moment non-faulting section node three-phase
Current curve；
Fig. 3 is monitoring node three-phase current change curve；Wherein, Fig. 3 (a) is malfunctioning node three-phase current change curve,
Fig. 3 (b) is non-faulting node three-phase current change curve；
Fig. 4 is that front and back three-phase current difference change curve occurs for failure；Wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is three before and after fault section failure
Phase current difference change curve, Fig. 4 (b) are three-phase current difference change curve before and after non-faulting section fault；
Fig. 5 is the electrical power distribution network fault location method flow diagram disclosed by the invention based on three-phase current amplitude analysis.
Specific embodiment
The content of invention is described further below with reference to attached drawing and example.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 connects for what electric power transient simulation software ATP was built through grounding through arc low current is single-phase
Earth fault system model, wherein CT is the current transformer being mounted on three-phase line, wherein CT I 1, CT I 2, CT II 1, CT
III 1, CT IV 1, CT IV 2 are the current detecting mutual inductor of this simulation model.It is equal to the head end of each branched line in addition to bus
It installs current transformer additional, one or more test points is set for the different length of route, CT IV 1, CT IV 2 are in this example
Current transformer on failure path is set, and name test point is X0001, X0016, and CT I 1 is to be arranged in non-faulting path
On current transformer, name test point is X0036, the situation that simulated failure occurs in 0.1s in test, and carry out it is accurate
Property examine.
Small current neutral grounding system generation singlephase earth fault through grounding through arc can be used disclosed in the present application
One kind carrying out fault location based on three-phase current amplitude analysis method, installs current transformer on each test point of power distribution network.Ginseng
See attached drawing 5, its step are as follows:
Step 1: real-time monitoring power distribution network three-phase current；
Step 2: whether monitoring phase current mutates, when determining that phase current mutates, then when extracting failure generation
As 2 power frequency periods, i.e., the electric current for carving each phase in front and back setting short time-window sets short time-window in the embodiment of the present application
40ms.Phase current before failure is expressed as i (k+n), and the phase current after failure is expressed as, and wherein k indicates that preceding electric current occurs for failure
The initial time point of acquisition is measured, k+M indicates the initial time point of magnitude of current acquisition after failure generation, keeps sampled point corresponding for integer
Current phase it is synchronous, realize that electric current phasor arrives the conversion of current amplitude, wherein the sampling number of one power frequency period of N expression, n
=1,2 ..., mN indicate that from each sampling instant point after initial time point k, m is expressed as the period that setting short time-window is included
Number；When determine phase current there is no when mutation, then return step 1；
The judgement of phase current mutation is shown below:
WhenWhen (Δ t=1ms), be determined as phase current mutate；
WhenWhen (Δ t=1ms), be determined as that phase current does not mutate, return step 1 continues to monitor phase current
State.
In this example, failure occurs in 0.1s, and as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 (a) is fault moment fault section node
Three-phase current change curve, Fig. 2 (b) are fault moment non-faulting section node three-phase current change curve, it can be clearly seen that
Either positioned at the node of fault section or the node of non-faulting section, the current direction of failure phase is instantaneously and non-faulting
Phase reverse phase position the analysis method in the transient current direction based on route three-phase node can not to failure correctly.Such as
Shown in attached drawing 3, Fig. 3 is node three-phase current change curve, and the initial time of the acquisition before failure is 0, and the acquisition after failure rises
Moment beginning is 0.2s, and each periodic sampling points are 2000, altogether 2 cycles of acquisition, therefore k=0, k+M=20000, N=2000,
M=2.
Step 3: each phase current in the short time-window of front and back being occurred to the failure extracted in step 2 and carries out amplitude difference meter
It calculates, phase current magnitude difference calculation expression is as follows before and after failure:
Δi(kn)=i (k+n)-i (k+M+n), wherein n=1,2 ..., mN
In the embodiment of the present application by taking X0001 test point and X0036 test point as an example, illustrate based on three-phase current amplitude analysis
Fault Locating Method.WhereinFor integer, meet phase condition, while drawing the front and back phase that is out of order using MATLAB
Current amplitude difference curve, as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 4 (a) are three-phase current amplitude difference variation song before and after fault section failure
Line, Fig. 4 (b) is three-phase current amplitude difference change curve before and after non-faulting section fault, it can be found that the electric current width of failure phase
Value difference value is significantly greater than the current amplitude difference of non-faulting phase.
Step 4: obtained according to step 3 as a result, further calculating phase current magnitude variable quantity i.e. phase electricity before and after failure
Flow amplitude difference DELTA i (kn) virtual value RMS, phase current magnitude variable quantity calculation expression is as follows before and after failure:
In the embodiment of the present application, the phase current magnitude variable quantity calculated result before and after two node failures is listed in following table
In:
Step 5: the obtained phase current magnitude variable quantity of step 4 being compared, if it exists the wherein electric current width of a phase
It is worth the current amplitude variable quantity that variable quantity is greater than other two-phase, then the singlephase earth fault phase of the mutually power distribution network thus；Otherwise should
Singlephase earth fault does not occur in power distribution network.
In the embodiment of the present application, according to step 4 acquire as a result, the A phase current magnitude of two test points becomes
Change amount is greater than B, C biphase current amplitude variable quantity, therefore the singlephase earth fault phase of A phase power distribution network thus.
Step 6: the faulted phase current amplitude variable quantity and non-faulting phase current magnitude variable quantity determined step 5 carries out
Ratio calculation.Ratio is greater than pre-set value if it exists, then the test point is located on failure path；Otherwise do not occur in the power distribution network
Singlephase earth fault.According to the judgement to each test point of power distribution network as a result, the topological structure of combined circuit, is located at failure path
On test point between part be power distribution network in fault section, i.e., realization power distribution network in singlephase earth fault positioning,
Middle pre-set value value is between 5-10, including boundary value 5 and 10.
In present application example, it is mutually electric with non-faulting that faulted phase current amplitude variable quantity is arranged according to the topological structure of route
The setting value for flowing the ratio between amplitude variable quantity is 5.In other preferred embodiments, pre-set value can be taken on 6,7,8,9 or 10 etc.
State the numerical value in value range.According to step 5 acquire as a result, calculated result in the following table:
Observe data in table, it is known that the ratio between the phase current magnitude variable quantity before and after the three-phase current failure of test point X0001
It is greater than the set value, which is located on failure path；Phase current magnitude before and after the three-phase current failure of test point X0036 becomes
The ratio between change amount is less than setting value, which is not located on failure path.Other test points are similarly calculated, can be sentenced
Disconnected test point X0016 out is located on failure path, and other test points are not located on failure path.The topology knot of combined circuit
Structure is it is found that the fault section of the small current neutral grounding system through grounding through arc is located at test point X0001 and test point
Between X0016, it was demonstrated that the accuracy of the electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis.
Example given above not makees in any form the present invention to illustrate the present invention and its practical application
Limitation, any one professional and technical personnel in the range of without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to the above technology and
Method makees certain modification and change when the equivalent embodiment for being considered as equivalent variations.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method based on three-phase current amplitude analysis installs electric current on each test point of power distribution network
Mutual inductor；It is characterized in that, the electrical power distribution network fault location method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the three-phase current at each test point of real-time monitoring power distribution network；
Step 2: monitor whether phase current at each test point mutates, when determining that phase current mutates at certain test point,
The electric current for each phase that failure at the test point occurs in moment front and back setting short time-window is then extracted, the phase current before failure indicates
For i (k+n), the phase current after failure is expressed as i (k+M+n), and wherein k indicates the initial time of current acquisition before failure occurs
Point, k+M indicate the initial time point of current acquisition after failure generation,For integer, keep the corresponding current phase of sampled point synchronous,
Wherein N indicates that the sampling number of a power frequency period, n=1,2 ..., mN are indicated from each sampling instant after initial time point k
Point, m are expressed as the periodicity that setting short time-window is included；When determine phase current there is no when mutation, then return step 1；
Step 3: each phase current in the short time-window of front and back is occurred to the failure extracted in step 2 and carries out the calculating of amplitude difference,
Phase current magnitude difference calculation expression is as follows before and after failure:
Δi(kn)=i (k+n)-i (k+M+n), wherein n=1,2 ..., mN；
Step 4: obtained according to step 3 as a result, each phase current magnitude variable quantity is i.e. mutually electric before and after further calculating failure
Flow amplitude difference DELTA i (kn) virtual value RMS, phase current magnitude variable quantity calculation expression is as follows before and after failure:
Step 5: the obtained phase current magnitude variable quantity of step 4 being compared, wherein the current amplitude of a phase becomes if it exists
Change amount is greater than the current amplitude variable quantity of other two-phase, then the mutually singlephase earth fault phase in power distribution network thus；Otherwise this is matched
Singlephase earth fault does not occur in power grid；
Step 6: the faulted phase current amplitude variable quantity and non-faulting phase current magnitude variable quantity determined step 5 carries out ratio
It calculates, if ratio is greater than pre-set value, which is located on failure path；Otherwise the test point is not on failure path；
According to the judgement to each test point of power distribution network as a result, the topological structure of combined circuit, test point on failure path it
Between part be power distribution network in fault section, i.e., realization power distribution network in singlephase earth fault positioning.
2. the electrical power distribution network fault location method according to claim 1 based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, it is characterised in that:
In step 1, each phase current only need to be acquired, carries out zero sequence without to main website, not needing collected data transmission
The synthesis of electric current.
3. the electrical power distribution network fault location method according to claim 1 based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, it is characterised in that:
In step 2, the phase current mutation instantaneous rate of change of electric currentIt measures, wherein Δ t=1ms, is shown below:
WhenWhen, it is determined as that phase current mutates；
WhenWhen, it is determined as that phase current does not mutate, return step 1 continues to monitor the state of phase current.
4. the electrical power distribution network fault location method according to claim 1 or 3 based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, feature exist
In:
In step 2, short time-window is set as 2 power frequency periods, i.e. 40ms.
5. the electrical power distribution network fault location method according to claim 1 based on three-phase current amplitude analysis, it is characterised in that:
In step 6, pre-set value 5-10.
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