CN106644871B - Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus and method - Google Patents
Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 76
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to unconventional oil and gas to develop yield-increasing technology field, specifically, it is related to supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus and method, carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system provide carbon dioxide air source and pressure, and carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system connect supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system；Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system is in parallel with temperature control system；Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems are connect with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system and back pressure system respectively, act on fracturing fluid to rock core；Back pressure system provides necessary back pressure for experiment, to simulate true formation condition.The device can adjust experimental temperature and pressure according to different experiments needs, relatively accurately measure supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid core damage rate and study influence of the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid to core damage rate under different experimental conditions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to unconventional oil and gas to develop yield-increasing technology field, and in particular, to supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid
To oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus and method.
Background technique
With the progress of oil-gas field development technology, the exploitation of the unconventional petroleum resources such as hyposmosis, densification increasingly by
Pay attention to.Low Permeability Oil/gas resource refers to that Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability is low, and reserves abundance is low, the low petroleum resources of single well productivity.China
Low Permeability Oil/gas resource reserve is abundant, widely distributed, accounts for about 2/3 or more of national proven reserve, potentiality to be exploited is huge.Pressure break
The major measure that technology is increased production as low permeability oil and gas field, is at home and abroad widely used.However, traditional water
The problems such as base fracturing fluid is incomplete due to there is broken glue, and the row of returning is not thorough, and hold-up is big in the earth formation, it is serious to formation damage.
Therefore, it is mainly used in low damage fracture technology such as carbon dioxide pressure break technology of a new generation of unconventional reservoir volume increase etc. in succession
It comes out.Carbon dioxide pressure break technology has Low Damage, the easily advantages such as the row of returning, and extensive concern and research have been obtained at present.
And supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing technique is then a kind of special shape of carbon dioxide dry method fracturing technique.
Under normal temperature and pressure, carbon dioxide is the gas of colorless and odorless, and under reservoir conditions, carbon dioxide is generally in super face
Boundary's state (critical-temperature is 31.1 DEG C, critical pressure 7.38MPa).Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid density is big, solvation energy
Power is strong, and the part oil component of near wellbore zone can be effectively dissolved as fracturing fluid, to increase the percolation ability of gas channel；
It is able to suppress clay swell, makes clay mineral dehydration, particle becomes smaller, and increases formation pore, improves permeability；Overcritical titanium dioxide
The surface tension of carbon is almost nil, is far longer than adsorption capacity of the methane in shale to the adsorption capacity of rammell, so as to
Methane in enough displacement stratum.Therefore, supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing technique can not only Efficient Development be hypotonic, the spies such as fine and close
Different reservoir, while the problem of water resource pollution existing for hydraulic fracturing is with waste can also be effectively relieved.
However, supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid can also enter stratum at high enough pressure in pressing crack construction
In pore media, the physics and chemical property of reservoir fluid and clay mineral are influenced, on the one hand, since carbon dioxide enters stratum
After can react with water flooding and generate acid, dissolve formation mineral and impurity, improve in-place permeability；On the other hand, it presses
Splitting the tackifier in liquid system also can cause a degree of blocking to formation pore throat and microcrack, lead to formation damage.Currently,
Rarely has research in terms of the reservoir property evaluation of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid especially Reservoir Seepage merit rating both at home and abroad
Therefore report is badly in need of a kind of evaluating apparatus for realizing above-mentioned function and method.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluids to oil and gas reservoir seepage flow shadow
Ring evaluating apparatus and method, for measure different fracturing fluid systems proportions, different fracturing fluid system injection rates, different back pressure and
Core damage rate under the conditions of different rock cores etc., and then research system proportion, system injection rate, back pressure and rock core hurt rock core
The influence of evil rate, provides basic theory data and technical support for the site operation of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, including carbon dioxide pressurization and injection
System, supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system, temperature control system, rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems
And back pressure system；Carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system provide carbon dioxide air source and pressure, carbon dioxide pressurization and injection
System connects supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system；Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system
The high-pressure carbon dioxide provided for fracturing fluid additive and carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system provides reacting environment；It is overcritical
Carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system is in parallel with temperature control system, and temperature control system provides constant temperature；Rock core
Displacement and permeability measurement systems be responsible for measure fracturing fluid effect front and back rock core permeability, respectively with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure
It splits liquid equilibrium reaction system to connect with back pressure system, acts on fracturing fluid to rock core；Back pressure system provides for experiment must
The back pressure wanted, to simulate true formation condition.
Carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system, including carbon dioxide gas storage tank, buffering gas tank, buffering gas tank valve, high energy
Gas booster pump, pressurized gas and air intake control valve；Carbon dioxide gas storage tank, buffering gas tank, buffering gas tank valve, high energy gas
Body booster pump, pressurized gas, air intake control valve are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；Air intake control valve and supercritical carbon dioxide
The connection of pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system, pressurized carbon dioxide enter supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break by air intake control valve
Liquid equilibrium reaction system.
Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system, for the reaction kettle that balances each other, including magnetic stirring apparatus, reaction
Kettle inner cavity；Magnetic stirring apparatus is threadedly attached on reaction kettle inner cavity, forms closed container；Accelerated by magnetic stirring apparatus
The progress of reaction.
Temperature control system, including thermostatical oil bath, circulating pump, high temperature resistant pipeline；It is thermostatical oil bath, circulating pump, equal
Weighing apparatus reaction kettle successively connects to form closed-cycle system using high temperature resistant pipeline；It is controlled by control thermostatical oil bath operating temperature
Make the reactor temperature that balances each other.
Maintain system temperature constant using constant temperature oil bath, 100 DEG C of temperature upper limit, 0.1 DEG C of precision；All pressure resistance components are equal
It can pressure resistance 40Mpa.
Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems, including constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump, intermediate receptacle, pressure sensor, rock core
Clamper, first manual booster pump, nitrogen storage tank, two phase separator, gas flowmeter；
When evaluating oil reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump, intermediate receptacle, pressure sensor, core holding unit pass through high pressure resistant pipe
Line is sequentially connected；First manual booster pump, pressure sensor, core holding unit are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；
When evaluating gas reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump, intermediate receptacle, pressure sensor, core holding unit, nitrogen storage tank, two
Phase separator, gas flowmeter are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；First manual booster pump, pressure sensor, rock core clamping
Device is sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；Core holding unit is connect by high pressure line with back pressure system.
Back pressure system, including the second hand increasing pressure pump, buffer container, pressure sensor, back-pressure valve；Second hand supercharging
Pump, buffer container, pressure sensor, back-pressure valve are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline.
The method that evaluation supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid influences oil and gas reservoir percolation ability, is filled using above-mentioned experiment
It sets, carries out supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid and rock core percolation ability is evaluated, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: rock core is put into core holding unit, when oil surveys permeability, with constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump with given pace
Kerosene is pumped into rock core；When gas permeability, adjustment nitrogen storage tank air outlet valve makes in nitrogen constant speed injection rock core；Observe pressure
Sensor reading, displacement flow and pressure when record is stablized；
Step 2: opening thermostatical oil bath and circulating pump, and regulating thermostatic oil bath pot temperature to certain value establishes heating-
The circulatory system.
Step 3: magnetic stirring apparatus is separated with reaction kettle inner cavity, a certain amount of tackifier are added into the reaction kettle that balances each other
And cosolvent, magnetic stirring apparatus and reaction kettle inner cavity are connected, magnetic stirring apparatus is opened；
Step 4: opening carbon dioxide gas storage tank, adjust high energy gas booster pump and related valve to carbon dioxide into
Row compression makes high-pressure carbon dioxide enter the reaction kettle that balances each other after being compressed to certain pressure；
Step 5: supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid carries out leak-off to rock core；Connect balance each other reaction kettle, core holding unit
And back pressure system, wherein core holding unit opposite direction in displacement direction along step 1 is attached, and gives core holding unit
Apply appropriate confining pressure and apply back pressure appropriate using back pressure system, opens the leaving air control valve to balance each other on reaction kettle, make
Supercritical carbon dioxide is acted on rock core.
Step 6: repeating step 1, and rock core displacement direction is identical as step 1, measures by supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid
Core permeability after effect.
Step 7: permeability and core damage rate after rock core original permeability, fracturing fluid effect are calculated.
Calculate core damage rate process are as follows:
Assuming that measuring kerosene regime flow in step 1 is Q1, steady pressure P1, kerosene regime flow is measured in step 6
For Q2, steady pressure P2, rock core length is L, and diameter D, kerosene or nitrogen viscosity are μ, calculate core damage rate:
In formula,
Q1Regime flow before-core damage, cm3/s；
Q2Regime flow after-core damage, cm3/s；
P1Steady pressure before-core damage, 0.1Mpa；
P2Steady pressure after-core damage, 0.1Mpa；
K1- rock core original permeability, μm2；
K2Core permeability after the injury of-fracturing fluid, μm2；
μ-kerosene (or nitrogen) viscosity, mPas；
L-rock core length, cm；
D-core diameter, cm；
ηdThe permeability injury rate of-rock core, %.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) experimental temperature, experimental pressure, fracturing fluid system proportion, fracturing fluid system can be changed according to experiment condition to infuse
Enter amount, back pressure and rock core type, to not probe under the conditions of different reservoir fracturing fluid to nearly seam matrix core damage rate and not
With factor each under experiment condition to the affecting laws of core damage rate；
(2) device is easy to operate, and method is easy to implement, and operation possibility is high；
(3) measurement method science, can reach higher measurement accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and implementation process more clear, the present invention provides following attached
Figure is illustrated:
Fig. 1 is the device of the invention structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is fracturing fluid effect front and back core permeability measurement device in oil reservoir of the invention；
Fig. 3 is fracturing fluid effect front and back core permeability measurement device in gas reservoir of the invention；
In figure: the pressurization of 1 carbon dioxide and injected system, 2 supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction systems, 3 temperature
Spend control system, 4 rock core displacements and permeability measurement systems, 5 back pressure systems 5；
11 be carbon dioxide gas storage tank, and 12 be buffering gas tank, and 13 be buffering gas tank valve, and 14 be high energy gas booster pump,
15 be pressurized gas, and 16 be air intake control valve, and 21 be magnetic stirring apparatus, and 22 be reaction kettle inner cavity, and 31 be thermostatical oil bath, and 32 are
Circulating pump, 41 be constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump, and 42 be intermediate receptacle, and 43 be core holding unit, and 44 be first manual booster pump, and 51 are
Second hand increasing pressure pump, 52 be buffer container, and 53 be back-pressure valve.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, including carbon dioxide
Pressurization and injected system 1, supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2, temperature control system 3, rock core displacement and
Permeability measurement systems 4 and back pressure system 5；Carbon dioxide pressurization and the offer carbon dioxide air source of injected system 1 and pressure, two
Carbonoxide pressurization and injected system 1 connect supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2；Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure
Split the high pressure titanium dioxide that liquid equilibrium reaction system 2 is fracturing fluid additive and carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system 1 provides
Carbon provides reacting environment；Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2 is in parallel with temperature control system 3, temperature control
System 3 processed provides constant temperature；Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems 4 are responsible for the infiltration of measurement fracturing fluid effect front and back rock core
Rate is connect with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2 and back pressure system 5 respectively, make fracturing fluid to rock core into
Row effect；Back pressure system 5 provides necessary back pressure for experiment, to simulate true formation condition.
Carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system 1, including carbon dioxide gas storage tank 11, buffering gas tank 12, buffering gas tank valve
13, high energy gas booster pump 14, pressurized gas 15 and air intake control valve 16；Carbon dioxide gas storage tank 11, buffering gas tank 12,
Buffering gas tank valve 13, high energy gas booster pump 14, pressurized gas 15, air intake control valve 16 are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；
Air intake control valve 16 is connect with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2, pressurized carbon dioxide by into
Gas control valve 16 enters supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2.
Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2, for the reaction kettle that balances each other, including magnetic stirring apparatus 21,
Reaction kettle inner cavity 22；Magnetic stirring apparatus 21 is threadedly attached on reaction kettle inner cavity 22, forms closed container；It is stirred by magnetic force
Device 21 is mixed to accelerate the progress of reaction.
Temperature control system 3, including thermostatical oil bath 31, circulating pump 32, high temperature resistant pipeline；Thermostatical oil bath 31, circulation
Pump 32, the reaction kettle that balances each other successively connect to form closed-cycle system using high temperature resistant pipeline；By controlling thermostatical oil bath work
The reactor temperature that balances each other is controlled as temperature.
Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems 4, including constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump 41, intermediate receptacle 42, pressure sensor,
Core holding unit 43, first manual booster pump 44, nitrogen storage tank 45, two phase separator 46, gas flowmeter；
As shown in Fig. 2, when evaluation oil reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump 41, intermediate receptacle 42, pressure sensor, rock core clamping
Device 43 is sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；First manual booster pump 44, pressure sensor, core holding unit 43 pass through high pressure resistant
Pipeline is sequentially connected；
As shown in figure 3, when evaluation gas reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump 41, intermediate receptacle 42, pressure sensor, rock core clamping
Device 43, nitrogen storage tank 45, two phase separator 46, gas flowmeter are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；First manual booster pump
44, pressure sensor, core holding unit 43 are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；Core holding unit 43 is by high pressure line and returns
Pressure system 5 connects.
Back pressure system 5, including the second hand increasing pressure pump 51, buffer container 52, pressure sensor, back-pressure valve 53；Second-hand
Dynamic booster pump 51, buffer container 52, pressure sensor, back-pressure valve 53 are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline.
The method for measuring supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid core damage rate, using above-mentioned measurement supercritical carbon dioxide pressure
The device of liquid core damage is split, specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: the measurement of rock core original permeability
Rock core is put into core holding unit 43, and applies certain confining pressure using first manual booster pump 44；
When oil surveys permeability and simulates reservoir condition, it is added kerosene into intermediate receptacle 42, and with constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump
41 are driven to the kerosene in intermediate receptacle 42 in the rock core of core holding unit 43 with given pace stabilization；
When gas permeability simulates gas reservoir condition, 45 air outlet valve of nitrogen storage tank is adjusted, stablizes gas by certain flow
It is driven in the rock core of core holding unit 43；Pressure sensor readings are observed, until flow and pressure reach stable state, and steady
60min need to be reached by fixing time, and calculate rock core original permeability；
Step 2: experimental temperature is adjusted
Thermostatical oil bath 31 and circulating pump 32,31 temperature of regulating thermostatic oil bath pan to certain value are opened, foundation is heated-followed
Loop system continues 2-3 hour until the reactor temperature that balances each other reaches experimental temperature and keeps constant；
Step 3: supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid system additive is added
After the completion of step 2, separate magnetic stirring apparatus 21 with reaction kettle inner cavity 22 by rotating screw thread, it is anti-to balancing each other
It answers and a certain amount of tackifier and cosolvent is added in kettle, magnetic stirring apparatus 21 and reaction kettle inner cavity 22 are connected, open magnetic force and stir
Mix device 21；
Step 4: supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid system is established
The gentle qi of chong channel ascending adversely pot valve 13 of 11 controlled valve of carbon dioxide gas storage tank is opened, carbon dioxide is made to enter buffering gas tank 12
With pressurized gas 15, the gentle qi of chong channel ascending adversely pot valve 13 of 11 controlled valve of carbon dioxide gas storage tank is closed, high energy gas booster pump is opened
Carbon dioxide in 14 pairs of pressurized gas 15 compresses, and opens air intake control valve 16 after being compressed to certain pressure, makes to be pressurized gas
High-pressure carbon dioxide in tank 15 enters the reaction kettle that balances each other, and closes after balance each other reaction kettle and pressure balance in pressurized gas 15
Air intake control valve 16；It repeats the above steps until the reacting kettle inner pressure that balances each other reaches experimental pressure, stands 1-2 hour, up to
The system in reaction kettle that balances each other is completely dissolved to form single homogeneous system；
Step 5: supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid enters rock core by leak-off effect
To balance each other the increasing manually of reaction kettle, core holding unit 43, back-pressure valve 53, buffer container 52, pressure sensor, second
Press pump 51 is successively connected using high pressure resistant pipeline；Core holding unit 43, pressure sensor, the second hand increasing pressure pump 51 successively use
High pressure resistant pipeline connection；
By core holding unit 43 along step 1 the opposite direction Yu pressure sensor in displacement direction, the second hand increasing pressure pump 51
Connection, the system for forming closed connection rotate the second hand increasing pressure pump 51 to core holding unit 43 and apply appropriate confining pressure；Turn manually
The second hand increasing pressure pump 51 in dynamic back pressure system applies back pressure appropriate to back-pressure valve 53；Open the going out on reaction kettle that balance each other
Gas control valve, supercritical carbon dioxide is to inject a certain amount of supercritical carbon dioxide in given pace injection core holding unit 43
The valve that 43 two-port of core holding unit is closed after fracturing fluid, keeps 43 air-tight state of core holding unit, continuous action 120min
After rotate the second hand increasing pressure pump 51 slowly and reduce back-pressure valve pressure to atmospheric pressure, which terminates；
Step 6: repeating step 1, and rock core displacement direction is identical as step 1, measurement and supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid
Core permeability after effect.
Step 7: core damage rate is calculated
Assuming that measuring kerosene regime flow in step 1 is Q1, steady pressure P1, kerosene regime flow is measured in step 6
For Q2, steady pressure P2, rock core length is L, and diameter D, kerosene or nitrogen viscosity are μ, calculate core damage rate:
In formula,
Q1Regime flow before-core damage, cm3/s；
Q2Regime flow after-core damage, cm3/s；
P1Steady pressure before-core damage, 0.1Mpa；
P2Steady pressure after-core damage, 0.1Mpa；
K1- rock core original permeability, μm2；
K2Core permeability after the injury of-fracturing fluid, μm2；
μ-kerosene (or nitrogen) viscosity, mPas；
L-rock core length, cm；
D-core diameter, cm；
ηdThe permeability injury rate of-rock core, %.
The present invention can be by changing fracturing fluid system proportion, to study different fracturing fluids with comparison rock core percolation ability
It influences；Change fracturing fluid system injection rate, to study influence of the different fracturing fluid system injection rates to rock core percolation ability；Change
Become experimental pressure and back pressure, to study influence of the Different Strata pressure to rock core percolation ability；Use variety classes, difference
The rock core of permeability is tested, to study the variation of rock core percolation ability after fracturing fluid effect in different reservoir.
Claims (3)
1. supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, which is characterized in that including carbon dioxide
Pressurization and injected system (1), supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2), temperature control system (3), rock core
Displacement and permeability measurement systems (4) and back pressure system (5)；Carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system (1) provide carbon dioxide
Gas source and pressure, carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system (1) connect supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system
(2)；Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2) is fracturing fluid additive and is pressurized by carbon dioxide and is infused
The high-pressure carbon dioxide for entering system (1) offer provides reacting environment；Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2)
In parallel with temperature control system (3), temperature control system (3) provides constant temperature；Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4)
Be responsible for measurement fracturing fluid effect front and back rock core permeability, respectively with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system
(2) it is connected with back pressure system (5), acts on fracturing fluid to rock core；Back pressure system (5) provides necessary back pressure for experiment,
To simulate true formation condition；
The described carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system (1), including it is carbon dioxide gas storage tank (11), buffering gas tank (12), slow
Qi of chong channel ascending adversely pot valve (13), high energy gas booster pump (14), pressurized gas (15) and air intake control valve (16)；Carbon dioxide gas storage
Tank (11), buffering gas tank (12), buffering gas tank valve (13), high energy gas booster pump (14), pressurized gas (15), air intake control valve
(16) it is sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；Air intake control valve (16) and supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system
(2) it connects, pressurized carbon dioxide is reacted by air intake control valve (16) into supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium
System (2)；
The supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2), for the reaction kettle that balances each other, including magnetic stirring apparatus
(21), reaction kettle inner cavity (22)；Magnetic stirring apparatus (21) is threadedly attached on reaction kettle inner cavity (22), forms closed appearance
Device；Accelerate the progress of reaction by magnetic stirring apparatus (21)；
The temperature control system (3), including thermostatical oil bath (31), circulating pump (32), high temperature resistant pipeline；Thermostatical oil bath
(31), circulating pump (32), the reaction kettle that balances each other successively connect to form closed-cycle system using high temperature resistant pipeline；It is permanent by control
Warm oil bath pan operating temperature controls the reactor temperature that balances each other；
The rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4), including constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump (41), intermediate receptacle (42), pressure
Force snesor, core holding unit (43), first manual booster pump (44), nitrogen storage tank (45), two phase separator (46), gas stream
Meter；
When evaluating oil reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump (41), intermediate receptacle (42), pressure sensor, core holding unit (43) pass through
High pressure resistant pipeline is sequentially connected；First manual booster pump (44), pressure sensor, core holding unit (43) pass through high pressure resistant pipeline
It is sequentially connected；
When evaluating gas reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump (41), intermediate receptacle (42), pressure sensor, core holding unit (43), nitrogen
Storage tank (45), two phase separator (46), gas flowmeter are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；First manual booster pump (44),
Pressure sensor, core holding unit (43) are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline；Core holding unit (43) by high pressure line with
Back pressure system (5) connection；
The back pressure system (5), including the second hand increasing pressure pump (51), buffer container (52), pressure sensor, back-pressure valve
(53)；Second hand increasing pressure pump (51), buffer container (52), pressure sensor, back-pressure valve (53) pass through high pressure resistant pipeline successively
Connection.
2. evaluation of the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 1 to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus
Method, which is characterized in that operating procedure is as follows:
Step 1: rock core is put into rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4), when oil surveys permeability, is pumped into rock core
Kerosene；When gas permeability, make in nitrogen constant speed injection rock core；Observe pressure sensor readings, displacement stream when record is stablized
Amount and pressure；
Step 2: opening temperature control system (3), provides for supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2) permanent
Warm condition；
Step 3: a certain amount of tackifier and cosolvent are added into supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2)
And it stirs；
Step 4: carbon dioxide pressurization and injected system (1) are opened, carbon dioxide is compressed, after being compressed to certain pressure
High-pressure carbon dioxide is set to enter supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2)；
Step 5: supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid carries out leak-off to rock core；Connect supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium
Reaction system (2), rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4) and back pressure system (5), rock core displacement direction is along step 1
The opposite direction in displacement direction is attached, and applies appropriate confining pressure and utilization to rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4)
Back pressure system (5) applies back pressure appropriate, opens and goes out gas control on supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2)
Valve processed, acts on supercritical carbon dioxide with rock core；
Step 6: repeating step 1, and rock core displacement direction is identical as step 1, and measurement is acted on by supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid
Core permeability afterwards；
Step 7: permeability and core damage rate after rock core original permeability, fracturing fluid effect are calculated.
3. evaluation of the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 2 to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus
Method, which is characterized in that calculating core damage rate described in step 7, including following procedure:
Assuming that measuring kerosene regime flow in step 1 is Q1, steady pressure P1, measuring kerosene regime flow in step 6 is
Q2, steady pressure P2, rock core length is L, and diameter D, kerosene or nitrogen viscosity are μ, calculate core damage rate:
In formula,
Q1Regime flow before-core damage, cm3/s；
Q2Regime flow after-core damage, cm3/s；
P1Steady pressure before-core damage, 0.1Mpa；
P2Steady pressure after-core damage, 0.1Mpa；
K1- rock core original permeability, μm2；
K2Core permeability after the injury of-fracturing fluid, μm2；
μ-kerosene or nitrogen viscosity, mPas；
L-rock core length, cm；
D-core diameter, cm；
ηdThe permeability injury rate of-rock core, %.
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