CN106644871A - Evaluating method of oil and gas reservoir seepage by supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid and method thereof - Google Patents
Evaluating method of oil and gas reservoir seepage by supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 245
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 77
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of irregular oil gas development and production increase, and particularly relates to an evaluating method of oil and gas reservoir seepage by supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid and a method thereof; a carbon dioxide pressurizing and filling system provides carbon dioxide air source and pressure, and is connected with a supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid phase balance reaction system; the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid phase balance reaction system is linked with a temperature control system in parallel; a core displacement and permeability measuring system is respectively connected with the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid phase balance reaction system and a return pressure system, so that the fracturing fluid is effected on the core; the return pressure system provides necessary return pressure for experiment, so as to simulate the real formation condition. The device can adjust the experiment temperature and pressure according to different experiments, and exactly determine the damage rate of the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid core, and study influences of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid on the core damage rate under different experimental conditions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to unconventionaloil pool exploitation yield-increasing technology field, in particular it relates to supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid
To oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus and method.
Background technology
With the progress of oil-gas field development technology, the exploitation of the unconventional petroleum resources such as hyposmosis, densification is increasingly subject to
Pay attention to.Low Permeability Oil/gas resource refers to that Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability is low, and reserves abundance is low, the low petroleum resources of single well productivity.China
Low Permeability Oil/gas resource reserve enriches, widely distributed, accounts for more than the 2/3 of national proved reserves, and potentiality to be exploited is huge.Pressure break
The major measure that technology is increased production as low permeability oil and gas field, is at home and abroad widely used.However, traditional water
Base fracturing fluid breaks the problems such as glue is incomplete, and the row of returning is thorough, in the earth formation hold-up is big due to existing, serious to formation damage.
Therefore, it is mainly used in low damage fracture technology of new generation such as carbon dioxide pressure break technology etc. of unconventional reservoir volume increase in succession
Come out.Carbon dioxide pressure break technology has the advantages such as Low Damage, the easily row of returning, and extensive concern and research are had been obtained at present.
And supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing technique is then a kind of special shape of carbon dioxide dry method fracturing technique.
Under normal temperature and pressure, carbon dioxide is the gas of colorless and odorless, and under reservoir conditions, carbon dioxide is generally in super facing
Boundary's state (critical-temperature is 31.1 DEG C, and critical pressure is 7.38MPa).Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid density is big, solvation energy
Power is strong, the part oil component of near wellbore zone can be effectively dissolved as fracturing fluid, so as to increase the percolation ability of gas channel;
Clay swell can be suppressed, make clay mineral dehydration, particle diminish, increase formation pore, improve permeability;Overcritical titanium dioxide
The surface tension of carbon is almost nil, and to the adsorption capacity of rammell adsorption capacity of the methane in shale is far longer than, so as to
Methane in enough displacement stratum.Therefore, supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing technique can not only the spy such as Efficient Development is hypotonic, fine and close
Different reservoir, while also can effectively alleviate the water resource pollution and the problem for wasting of hydraulic fracturing presence.
However, in pressing crack construction, supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid also can at high enough pressure enter stratum
In pore media, the physics and chemical property of reservoir fluid and clay mineral is affected, on the one hand, because carbon dioxide enters stratum
After can react generation acid with stratum water, dissolving formation mineral and impurity improve in-place permeability;On the other hand, press
Split the tackifier in liquid system also can cause a certain degree of blocking to formation pore throat and microcrack, cause formation damage.At present,
Rarely has research in terms of the reservoir property evaluation of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is particularly Reservoir Seepage merit rating both at home and abroad
Report, therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of evaluating apparatus and method for realizing above-mentioned functions.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is to oil and gas reservoir seepage flow shadow
Ring evaluating apparatus and method, for measure different fracturing fluid system proportionings, different fracturing fluid system injection rates, different back pressure and
Core damage rate under the conditions of different rock cores etc., and then research system proportioning, system injection rate, back pressure and rock core are to rock core wound
The impact of evil rate, the site operation for supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid provides basic theory data and technical support.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is pressurized and injects to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, including carbon dioxide
System, supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system, temperature control system, rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems
And back pressure system;Carbon dioxide is pressurized and injected system provides carbon dioxide air source and pressure, carbon dioxide supercharging and injection
System connects supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system;Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system
The high-pressure carbon dioxide and fracturing fluid additive provided for carbon dioxide supercharging and injected system provides reacting environment;It is overcritical
Carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system is in parallel with temperature control system, and temperature control system provides constant temperature;Rock core
Displacement and permeability measurement systems are responsible for measuring the permeability of rock core before and after fracturing fluid effect, respectively with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure
Liquid equilibrium reaction system and back pressure system connection are split, makes fracturing fluid act on rock core;Back pressure system is provided for experiment must
The back pressure wanted, to simulate true formation condition.
Carbon dioxide is pressurized and injected system, including carbon dioxide storage tank, buffering gas tank, buffering gas tank valve, high energy
Gas boosting pump, pressurized gas and air intake control valve;Carbon dioxide storage tank, buffering gas tank, buffering gas tank valve, high energy gas
Body booster pump, pressurized gas, air intake control valve are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;Air intake control valve and supercritical carbon dioxide
Pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system connects, and the carbon dioxide after supercharging enters supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break by air intake control valve
Liquid equilibrium reaction system.
Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system, for the reactor that balances each other, including magnetic stirring apparatus, reaction
Kettle inner chamber;Magnetic stirring apparatus is threadedly attached on reactor inner chamber, forms closed container;Accelerated by magnetic stirring apparatus
The carrying out of reaction.
Temperature control system, including thermostatical oil bath, circulating pump, high temperature resistant pipeline;It is thermostatical oil bath, circulating pump, equal
Weighing apparatus reactor connects to form closed-cycle system using high temperature resistant pipeline successively;Controlled by controlling thermostatical oil bath operating temperature
Make the reactor temperature that balances each other.
Maintain system temperature constant using constant temperature oil bath, 100 DEG C of temperature upper limit, 0.1 DEG C of precision;All pressure components and parts are equal
Can pressure 40Mpa.
Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems, including constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump, intermediate receptacle, pressure sensor, rock core
Clamper, hand increasing pressure pump, nitrogen storage tank, two phase separator, gas flowmeter;
When evaluating oil reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump, intermediate receptacle, pressure sensor, core holding unit pass through high pressure resistant pipe
Line is sequentially connected;Hand increasing pressure pump, pressure sensor, core holding unit are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;
Evaluate gas reservoir when, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump, intermediate receptacle, pressure sensor, core holding unit, nitrogen storage tank, two
Phase separator, gas flowmeter are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;Hand increasing pressure pump, pressure sensor, core holding unit lead to
Cross high pressure resistant pipeline to be sequentially connected;Core holding unit is connected by high pressure line with back pressure system.
Back pressure system, including hand increasing pressure pump, buffer container, pressure sensor, back-pressure valve;Hand increasing pressure pump, buffering are held
Device, pressure sensor, back-pressure valve are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline.
The method that supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid affects on oil and gas reservoir percolation ability is evaluated, is filled using above-mentioned experiment
Put, carry out supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid to rock core percolation ability evaluation, comprise the following steps:
Step one:Rock core is put in core holding unit, when oil surveys permeability, with constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump with given pace
Kerosene is pumped into in rock core;During perm-plug method, adjustment nitrogen storage tank air outlet valve is made in nitrogen constant speed injection rock core;Observation pressure
Sensor reading, the displacement flow and pressure when record is stable;
Step 2:Opening thermostatical oil bath and circulating pump, regulating thermostatic oil bath pot temperature to certain value, foundation heating-
The circulatory system.
Step 3:Magnetic stirring apparatus is separated with reactor inner chamber, into the reactor that balances each other a certain amount of tackifier are added
And cosolvent, magnetic stirring apparatus is connected with reactor inner chamber, open magnetic stirring apparatus;
Step 4:Carbon dioxide storage tank is opened, high energy gas booster pump is adjusted and related valve is entered to carbon dioxide
Row compression, being compressed to after certain pressure makes high-pressure carbon dioxide enter the reactor that balances each other;
Step 5:Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid carries out leak-off to rock core;Connect balance each other reactor, core holding unit
And back pressure system, wherein core holding unit opposite direction in displacement direction in step one is attached, and to core holding unit
Apply appropriate confined pressure and apply appropriate back pressure using back pressure system, open the leaving air control valve balanced each other on reactor, make
Supercritical carbon dioxide is acted on rock core.
Step 6:Repeat step one, rock core displacement direction is identical with step one, determines by supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid
Core permeability after effect.
Step 7:Calculate permeability and core damage rate after rock core original permeability, fracturing fluid effect.
Calculating core damage rate process is:
Assume to be measured in step one kerosene regime flow for Q1, steady pressure is P1, kerosene regime flow is measured in step 6
For Q2, steady pressure is P2, rock core length is L, a diameter of D, and kerosene or nitrogen viscosity are μ, calculate core damage rate:
In formula,
Q1Regime flow before-core damage, cm3/s;
Q2Regime flow after-core damage, cm3/s;
P1Steady pressure before-core damage, 0.1Mpa;
P2Steady pressure after-core damage, 0.1Mpa;
K1- rock core original permeability, μm2;
K2Core permeability after the injury of-fracturing fluid, μm2;
μ-kerosene (or nitrogen) viscosity, mPas;
L-rock core length, cm;
D-core diameter, cm;
ηdThe permeability injury rate of-rock core, %.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) experimental temperature, experimental pressure, fracturing fluid system proportioning, fracturing fluid system note can be changed according to experiment condition
Enter amount, back pressure and rock core type, so as to probe into different reservoir under the conditions of fracturing fluid to nearly seam matrix core damage rate and not
With affecting laws of each factor to core damage rate under experiment condition;
(2) device is easy to operate, and method is easy to implement, and operation possibility is high;
(3) measuring method science, can reach higher certainty of measurement.
Description of the drawings
In order that the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and implementation process are of greater clarity, the present invention provides following attached
Figure is illustrated:
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that core permeability determines device before and after fracturing fluid effect in oil reservoir of the invention;
Fig. 3 is that core permeability determines device before and after fracturing fluid effect in gas reservoir of the invention;
In figure:1 carbon dioxide is pressurized and injected system, 2 supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction systems, and 3 is warm
Degree control system, 4 rock core displacements and permeability measurement systems, 5 back pressure systems 5;
11 is carbon dioxide storage tank, and 12 are buffering gas tank, and 13 are buffering gas tank valve, and 14 is high energy gas booster pump,
15 is pressurized gas, and 16 is air intake control valve, and 21 is magnetic stirring apparatus, and 22 is reactor inner chamber, and 31 is thermostatical oil bath, and 32 are
Circulating pump, 41 is constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump, and 42 is intermediate receptacle, and 43 is core holding unit, and 44 is hand increasing pressure pump, and 51 is manual
Booster pump, 52 is buffer container, and 53 is back-pressure valve.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, including carbon dioxide
Supercharging and injected system 1, supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2, temperature control system 3, rock core displacement and
Permeability measurement systems 4 and back pressure system 5;Carbon dioxide is pressurized and the offer carbon dioxide air source of injected system 1 and pressure, and two
Carbonoxide is pressurized and the connection supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium of injected system 1 reaction system 2;Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure
Split high-pressure carbon dioxide and fracturing fluid addition that liquid equilibrium reaction system 2 is that carbon dioxide is pressurized and injected system 1 is provided
Agent provides reacting environment;Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2 is in parallel with temperature control system 3, temperature control
System processed 3 provides constant temperature;Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems 4 are responsible for the infiltration of rock core before and after measurement fracturing fluid effect
Rate, is connected respectively with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2 and back pressure system 5, makes fracturing fluid enter rock core
Row effect;Back pressure system 5 provides necessary back pressure for experiment, to simulate true formation condition.
Carbon dioxide is pressurized and injected system 1, including carbon dioxide storage tank 11, buffering gas tank 12, buffering gas tank valve
13rd, high energy gas booster pump 14, pressurized gas 15 and air intake control valve 16;Carbon dioxide storage tank 11, buffering gas tank 12,
Buffering gas tank valve 13, high energy gas booster pump 14, pressurized gas 15, air intake control valve 16 are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;
Air intake control valve 16 is connected with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2, the carbon dioxide after supercharging pass through into
Gas control valve 16 enters supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2.
Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system 2, for the reactor that balances each other, including magnetic stirring apparatus 21,
Reactor inner chamber 22;Magnetic stirring apparatus 21 is threadedly attached on reactor inner chamber 22, forms closed container;Stirred by magnetic force
The carrying out for mixing device 22 to accelerate to react.
Temperature control system 3, including thermostatical oil bath 31, circulating pump 32, high temperature resistant pipeline;Thermostatical oil bath 31, circulation
Pump 32, the reactor that balances each other connect to form closed-cycle system using high temperature resistant pipeline successively;By controlling thermostatical oil bath work
The reactor temperature that balances each other is controlled as temperature.
Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems 4, including constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump 41, intermediate receptacle 42, pressure sensor,
Core holding unit 43, hand increasing pressure pump 44, nitrogen storage tank 45, two phase separator 46, gas flowmeter;
As shown in Fig. 2 when evaluating oil reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump 41, intermediate receptacle 42, pressure sensor, rock core clamping
Device 43 is sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;Hand increasing pressure pump 44, pressure sensor, core holding unit 43 pass through high pressure resistant pipeline
It is sequentially connected;
As shown in figure 3, when evaluating gas reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump 41, intermediate receptacle 42, pressure sensor, rock core clamping
Device 43, nitrogen storage tank 45, two phase separator 46, gas flowmeter are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;Hand increasing pressure pump 44, pressure
Force snesor, core holding unit 43 are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;Core holding unit 43 is by high pressure line and back pressure system
System 5 connects.
Back pressure system 5, including hand increasing pressure pump 51, buffer container 52, pressure sensor, back-pressure valve 53;Hand increasing pressure pump
51st, buffer container 52, pressure sensor, back-pressure valve 53 are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline.
The method of measurement supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid core damage rate, using above-mentioned measurement supercritical carbon dioxide pressure
The device of liquid core damage is split, concrete operation step is as follows:
Step one:The measure of rock core original permeability
Rock core is put in core holding unit 43, and applies certain confined pressure using hand increasing pressure pump 44;
When oil survey permeability simulates reservoir condition, kerosene is added in intermediate receptacle 42, and use constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump
41 with given pace are stably driven to the kerosene in intermediate receptacle 42 in the rock core of core holding unit 43;
When perm-plug method simulates gas reservoir condition, the air outlet valve of nitrogen storage tank 45 is adjusted, make gas stable by certain flow
In being driven to the rock core of core holding unit 43;Observation pressure sensor readings, until flow and pressure reach stable state, and surely
Fixing time need to reach 60min, calculate rock core original permeability;
Step 2:Adjust experimental temperature
Thermostatical oil bath 31 and circulating pump 32 are opened, the temperature of regulating thermostatic oil bath pan 31 to certain value, foundation is heated-followed
Loop systems, continue 2-3 hour until the reactor temperature that balances each other reaches experimental temperature and keeps constant;
Step 3:Add supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid system additive
After the completion of step 2, magnetic stirring apparatus 21 is set to separate with reactor inner chamber 22 by rotating screw thread, it is anti-to balancing each other
Answer and add in kettle a certain amount of tackifier and cosolvent, magnetic stirring apparatus 21 is connected with reactor inner chamber 22, open magnetic force and stir
Mix device 21;
Step 4:Set up supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid system
The gentle qi of chong channel ascending adversely pot valve 13 of the controlled valve of carbon dioxide storage tank 11 is opened, makes carbon dioxide enter buffering gas tank 12
With pressurized gas 15, the gentle qi of chong channel ascending adversely pot valve 13 of the controlled valve of carbon dioxide storage tank 11 is closed, open high energy gas booster pump
Carbon dioxide in 14 pairs of pressurized gas 15 is compressed, and is compressed to opening air intake control valve 16 after certain pressure, makes supercharging gas
High-pressure carbon dioxide in tank 15 enters the reactor that balances each other, and closes after pressure balance in balance each other reactor and pressurized gas 15
Air intake control valve 16;Repeat the above steps reach experimental pressure up to the reacting kettle inner pressure that balances each other, and stand 1-2 hours, until
The system in reactor that balances each other is completely dissolved to form single homogeneous system;
Step 5:Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid enters rock core by leak-off effect
To be balanced each other reactor, core holding unit 43, back-pressure valve 53, buffer container 52, pressure sensor, hand increasing pressure pump
51 are connected successively using high pressure resistant pipeline;Core holding unit 43, pressure sensor, hand increasing pressure pump 51 use successively high pressure resistant pipe
Line connects;
By core holding unit 43, the opposite direction in displacement direction connects with pressure sensor, hand increasing pressure pump 51 in step one
Connect, the system for forming closed connection, rotation manual booster pump 51 applies appropriate confined pressure to core holding unit 43;Back pressure is rotated manually
Hand increasing pressure pump 51 in system gives back to pressure valve 53 and applies appropriate back pressure;The leaving air control valve that opening balances each other on reactor,
During supercritical carbon dioxide is with given pace injection core holding unit 43, injects after a certain amount of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid and close
The valve of the two-port of core holding unit 43 is closed, the air-tight state of core holding unit 43, rotation manual after continuous action 120min is kept
Booster pump 51 slowly reduces back-pressure valve pressure to atmospheric pressure, and the step terminates;
Step 6:Repeat step one, rock core displacement direction is identical with step one, determines and supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid
Core permeability after effect.
Step 7:Calculate core damage rate
Assume to be measured in step one kerosene regime flow for Q1, steady pressure is P1, kerosene regime flow is measured in step 6
For Q2, steady pressure is P2, rock core length is L, a diameter of D, and kerosene or nitrogen viscosity are μ, calculate core damage rate:
In formula,
Q1Regime flow before-core damage, cm3/s;
Q2Regime flow after-core damage, cm3/s;
P1Steady pressure before-core damage, 0.1Mpa;
P2Steady pressure after-core damage, 0.1Mpa;
K1- rock core original permeability, μm2;
K2Core permeability after the injury of-fracturing fluid, μm2;
μ-kerosene (or nitrogen) viscosity, mPas;
L-rock core length, cm;
D-core diameter, cm;
ηdThe permeability injury rate of-rock core, %.
The present invention can be by changing fracturing fluid system proportioning, so as to study different fracturing fluids with comparison rock core percolation ability
Affect;Change fracturing fluid system injection rate, so as to study impact of the different fracturing fluid system injection rates to rock core percolation ability;Change
Become experimental pressure and back pressure, so as to study impact of the Different Strata pressure to rock core percolation ability;Using variety classes, difference
The rock core of permeability is tested, so as to study different reservoir in fracturing fluid effect after rock core percolation ability change.
Claims (8)
1. supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, it is characterised in that including carbon dioxide
Supercharging and injected system (1), supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2), temperature control system (3), rock core
Displacement and permeability measurement systems (4) and back pressure system (5);Carbon dioxide is pressurized and injected system (1) provides carbon dioxide
Source of the gas and pressure, carbon dioxide supercharging and injected system (1) connection supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system
(2);The height that supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2) is pressurized for carbon dioxide and injected system (1) is provided
Pressure carbon dioxide and fracturing fluid additive provide reacting environment;Supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2)
In parallel with temperature control system (3), temperature control system (3) provides constant temperature;Rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4)
It is responsible for the permeability of rock core before and after measurement fracturing fluid effect, respectively with supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system
(2) connect with back pressure system (5), make fracturing fluid act on rock core;Back pressure system (5) provides necessary back pressure for experiment,
To simulate true formation condition.
2. supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 1 is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, and it is special
Levy and be, described carbon dioxide supercharging and injected system (1), including carbon dioxide storage tank (11), buffering gas tank (12),
Buffering gas tank valve (13), high energy gas booster pump (14), pressurized gas (15) and air intake control valve (16);Carbon dioxide
Storage tank (11), buffering gas tank (12), buffering gas tank valve (13), high energy gas booster pump (14), pressurized gas (15), air inlet control
Valve (16) is sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;Air intake control valve (16) and supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system
System (2) connection, the carbon dioxide after supercharging is anti-into supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium by air intake control valve (16)
Answer system (2).
3. supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 1 is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, and it is special
Levy and be, described supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2) is stirred for the reactor that balances each other, including magnetic force
Mix device (21), reactor inner chamber (22);Magnetic stirring apparatus (21) is threadedly attached on reactor inner chamber (22), is formed closed
Container;Accelerate the carrying out reacted by magnetic stirring apparatus (22).
4. supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 1 is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, and it is special
Levy and be, described temperature control system (3), including thermostatical oil bath (31), circulating pump (32), high temperature resistant pipeline;Thermostatical oil
Bath (31), circulating pump (32), the reactor that balances each other connect to form closed-cycle system using high temperature resistant pipeline successively;By control
Thermostatical oil bath operating temperature processed is controlling the reactor temperature that balances each other.
5. supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 1 is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, and it is special
Levy and be, described rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4), including constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump (41), intermediate receptacle (42),
Pressure sensor, core holding unit (43), hand increasing pressure pump (44), nitrogen storage tank (45), two phase separator (46), gas flow
Meter;
When evaluating oil reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump (41), intermediate receptacle (42), pressure sensor, core holding unit (43) pass through
High pressure resistant pipeline is sequentially connected;Hand increasing pressure pump (44), pressure sensor, core holding unit (43) by high pressure resistant pipeline successively
Connection;
When evaluating gas reservoir, constant speed and constant pressure constant-flux pump (41), intermediate receptacle (42), pressure sensor, core holding unit (43), nitrogen
Storage tank (45), two phase separator (46), gas flowmeter are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;Hand increasing pressure pump (44), pressure
Sensor, core holding unit (43) are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline;Core holding unit (43) is by high pressure line and back pressure
System (5) connects.
6. supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 1 is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus, and it is special
Levy and be, described back pressure system (5), including hand increasing pressure pump (51), buffer container (52), pressure sensor, back-pressure valve
(53);Hand increasing pressure pump (51), buffer container (52), pressure sensor, back-pressure valve (53) are sequentially connected by high pressure resistant pipeline.
7. the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 1 to 6 is to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus
Evaluation method, it is characterised in that operating procedure is as follows:
Step one:During rock core is put into into rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4), when oil surveys permeability, pump into in rock core
Kerosene;During perm-plug method, in making nitrogen constant speed injection rock core;Observation pressure sensor readings, displacement stream when record is stable
Amount and pressure;
Step 2:Temperature control system (3) is opened, is that supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2) provides perseverance
Warm condition;
Step 3:A certain amount of tackifier and cosolvent are added into supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2)
And stir;
Step 4:Carbon dioxide supercharging and injected system (1) are opened, carbon dioxide is compressed, after being compressed to certain pressure
High-pressure carbon dioxide is set to enter supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2);
Step 5:Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid carries out leak-off to rock core;Connection supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium
Reaction system (2), rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4) and back pressure system (5), rock core displacement direction is in step one
The opposite direction in displacement direction is attached, and applies appropriate confined pressure and utilization to rock core displacement and permeability measurement systems (4)
Back pressure system (5) applies appropriate back pressure, to open and go out gas control on supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break liquid equilibrium reaction system (2)
Valve processed, makes supercritical carbon dioxide be acted on rock core;
Step 6:Repeat step one, rock core displacement direction is identical with step one, and measure is acted on by supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid
Core permeability afterwards.
Step 7:Calculate permeability and core damage rate after rock core original permeability, fracturing fluid effect.
8. evaluation of the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to claim 7 to oil and gas reservoir seepage effect evaluating apparatus
Method, it is characterised in that the calculating core damage rate described in step (7), including procedure below:
Assume to be measured in step one kerosene regime flow for Q1, steady pressure is P1, kerosene regime flow is measured in step 6 is
Q2, steady pressure is P2, rock core length is L, a diameter of D, and kerosene or nitrogen viscosity are μ, calculate core damage rate:
In formula,
Q1Regime flow before-core damage, cm3/s;
Q2Regime flow after-core damage, cm3/s;
P1Steady pressure before-core damage, 0.1Mpa;
P2Steady pressure after-core damage, 0.1Mpa;
K1- rock core original permeability, μm2;
K2Core permeability after the injury of-fracturing fluid, μm2;
μ-kerosene or nitrogen viscosity, mPas;
L-rock core length, cm;
D-core diameter, cm;
ηdThe permeability injury rate of-rock core, %.
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