CN104897857A - CO2 anhydrous fracturing fluid damage test system and method - Google Patents
CO2 anhydrous fracturing fluid damage test system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A CO2 anhydrous fracturing fluid damage test system comprises a liquid CO2 supply system and a reagent supply system, wherein outlets of the liquid CO2 supply system and the reagent supply system are both connected to input ends of a common core holder branch and a long core holder branch which are connected in parallel, a preheater is arranged on a connecting pipeline, and output ends of the two branches are connected with a fracturing fluid recovery device; the common core holder branch comprises a common core holder, and a first pressure difference transducer is connected between the input end and the output end of the common core holder; the long core holder branch comprises a long core holder, and a second pressure difference transducer is connected between the input end and the output end of the long core holder. The invention further provides a test method based on the system. By means of the method, the reservoir core damage degree of the CO2 anhydrous fracturing fluid under the conditions of different displacement, different temperature, different pressure as well as different ratios of the liquid CO2 to corresponding fracturing fluid additives can be simulated and tested.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the anhydrous fracturing technique field of carbon dioxide, particularly the anhydrous fracturing liquid injury test macro of a kind of carbon dioxide and method.
Background technology
The visual field of the public is entered into just gradually as the anhydrous fracturing technique of novel fracturing technology-carbon dioxide.CO
2anhydrous fracturing technique mainly uses CO
2anhydrous fracturing liquid is (primarily of liquid CO
2be mixed to form with minute quantity chemical addition agent) replace traditional aqueous fracturing fluid; there is the characteristic of " anhydrous pressure break "; obviously can eliminate conventional fracturing liquid to reservoir water-sensitive and water blocking damage; supplement producing energy; improve fracturing reform effect; and fracturing liquid is without residue, can available protecting reservoir, save a large amount of water resources simultaneously.
But, existing conventional fracturing liquid injures the instrument of performance test mainly for conventional liq fracturing liquid to oil and gas reservoir, such as gelled fracturing fluid, or the injury characteristic test of riverfrac treatment liquid, to the special test of the fracturing fluid system to reservoir damage characteristic of this gas and equipment, existing commercially also do not have ripe production marketing.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of carbon dioxide anhydrous fracturing liquid injury test macro and method, can simulate and test the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide at different displacements, different temperatures, different pressures and at different liquid CO
2with the extent of injury to reservoir core in corresponding fracturing fluid additive proportioning situation.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of carbon dioxide anhydrous fracturing liquid injury test macro, comprises liquid CO
2supply system and agent delivery system, described liquid CO
2the outlet of supply system and agent delivery system is all connected to common core holding unit branch road in parallel and the input end of long rock core holder branch road, and on connecting line, be provided with primary heater 18, the output terminal of described common core holding unit branch road and long rock core holder branch road is connected with fracturing liquid retracting device 33, wherein:
Described common core holding unit branch road comprises common core holding unit 22, the first differential pressure pickup 23 is connected with between the input of common core holding unit 22, output terminal, the input end of common core holding unit 22 is provided with the 6th valve 21, and output terminal is provided with the 7th valve 24;
Described long rock core holder branch road comprises long rock core holder 26, and be connected with the second differential pressure pickup 27 between the input of long rock core holder 26, output terminal, the input end of long rock core holder 26 is provided with the 8th valve 25, and output terminal is provided with the 9th valve 28.
Described liquid CO
2supply system comprises the first gas cylinder 1 and the second gas cylinder 2, the outlet of the first gas cylinder 1 connects the entrance of gas purifier 5 and on connecting line, is provided with the first valve 3, the outlet of the second gas cylinder 2 connects the entrance of gas purifier 5 and on connecting line, is provided with the second valve 4, and the outlet of gas purifier 5 connects refrigeration system 7 by CO
2liquefy and on connecting line, be provided with flowmeter 6, having for storing liquid CO in refrigeration system 7
2liquid CO
2storage tank 8, liquid CO
2the outlet of storage tank 8 connects CO
2the entrance of pump 13 and be provided with the first pressure gauge 12 and the 5th valve 11, CO on connecting line
2the outlet of pump 13 connects the entrance of retaining valve 17, and the outlet of retaining valve 17 connects the entrance of described primary heater 18.
Described liquid CO
2the entrance of storage tank 8 is connected with the 3rd valve 9 for emptying cleaning, exports the 4th valve 10 be connected with for emptying cleaning.
Described agent delivery system comprises reagent pot 14, and the outlet of reagent pot 14 connects reagent pump 15, and the outlet of reagent pump 15 connects the entrance of retaining valve 17, and the outlet of retaining valve 17 connects the entrance of described primary heater 18.
Described CO
2be provided with safety valve 16 between the outlet of pump 13 and the entrance of retaining valve 17, safety valve 16 is simultaneously between the outlet and the entrance of retaining valve 17 of reagent pump 15.
Described CO
2pump 13 and reagent pump 15 are constant speed and constant pressure pump, and described reagent pot 14 lower end is provided with emptying valve.
Described primary heater 18 is provided with thermometer 19 and the second pressure gauge 20 with between common core holding unit branch road in parallel and the input end of long rock core holder branch road.
Be connected with ring press pump 31 and the 3rd pressure gauge 32 between described common core holding unit 22 and long rock core holder 26, and have the tenth valve 29 at nearly common core holding unit 22 end, have the 11 valve 30 at nearly long rock core holder 26 end.
Described flowmeter 6, first pressure gauge 12, thermometer 19, second pressure gauge 20, first differential pressure pickup 23 and the second differential pressure pickup 27 all connect digital acquisition and control card, described digital collection control card connection control system, the data processing gathered is generated raw data form, generates database file form simultaneously.
In present system, all associated lines all adopt 316L pipeline, in case CO
2anhydrous fracturing liquid is to the sour corrosion of pipeline; And connect all pipelines between refrigeration system 7 to fracturing liquid retracting device 33, parcel can be wound around with insulation material, the test error that be convenient to prevent heat transmission, scatter and disappear etc. causes.
Present invention also offers the method for testing based on described carbon dioxide anhydrous fracturing liquid injury test macro, comprise the steps:
Step 1, will from liquid CO
2the liquid CO of supply system
2with from after utilizing the chemical addition agent of agent delivery system to mix, send into primary heater 18 and carry out preheating;
Step 2, select in common core holding unit branch road or long rock core holder branch road, rock core is put into corresponding clamper, by controlling the 6th valve 21, the 7th valve 24, the 8th valve 25 and the 9th valve 28, by the common core holding unit branch road selected by the compounding substances feeding after preheating or long rock core holder branch road;
Step 3, utilizes the first differential pressure pickup 23 or the second differential pressure pickup 27 to measure the pressure reduction at corresponding clamper two ends, and meanwhile, measure top hole pressure and the displacement pressure of primary heater 18, the value controlling rock core confined pressure in clamper is greater than the value of this displacement pressure all the time;
Step 4, regulates different temperatures, different pressures, different displacements and different fracturing liquid proportioning, according to the rock core original permeability recorded in advance, and the extent of injury under obtaining corresponding conditions, reservoir core caused.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention is exclusively used in and simulates and test the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide in different temperatures, different pressures, different displacements and at different liquid CO
2with the extent of injury to reservoir core in additive formula situation.
(2) refrigeration system 7 of the present invention can experimentally need to set cryogenic temperature.Built-in liquid CO
2storage tank 8 can store a certain amount of liquid CO
2.
(3) CO of the present invention
2pump 13 and reagent pump 15 not only can play the effect of supercharging for system pipeline, as required, can also select suitable specifications and models, setting discharge capacity, regulate additive formula in the flow of pump and synthesis fracturing liquid.
(4) primary heater 18 of the present invention can pilot piping temperature as required, the temperature conditions of certain degree of depth under simulation well.
(5) two kinds of length core holding units of the present invention can carry out CO
2anhydrous fracturing liquid is at different reservoir rock core, core damage experiments of measuring under different temperatures, pressure, can be as required, by opening and closing the nearest valve switch of their opposite ends, select common core holding unit 22 or long rock core holder 26, any one in these two core holding unit branch roads of flexible choice for use.
(6) the present invention adopts ring press pump 31 to control rock core confined pressure in core holding unit.This confined pressure of laboratory should be greater than displacement pressure all the time, the pressure namely shown by the second pressure gauge 20.When preventing confined pressure too low, can not effective displacement process that is virtually reality like reality.
(7) fracturing liquid retracting device 33 of the present invention can facilitate the fracturing liquid that system recoveries process is discarded, and prevents fracturing fluid pollution laboratory and environment.
(8) all associated lines of the present invention all adopt 316L pipeline, in case CO
2anhydrous fracturing liquid is to the sour corrosion of pipeline; And connect all pipelines between refrigeration system 7 to fracturing liquid retracting device 33, parcel can be wound around with insulation material, the test error that be convenient to prevent heat transmission, scatter and disappear etc. causes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of carbon dioxide anhydrous fracturing liquid injury test macro, comprises liquid CO
2supply system and agent delivery system, liquid CO
2the outlet of supply system and agent delivery system is all connected to common core holding unit branch road in parallel and the input end of long rock core holder branch road, and on connecting line, be provided with primary heater 18, and primary heater 18 is for heating CO in right amount
2anhydrous fracturing liquid temperature, thus simulate formation reservoir temperature condition.Primary heater 18 is provided with thermometer 19 and the second pressure gauge 20 with between common core holding unit branch road in parallel and the input end of long rock core holder branch road.The output terminal of common core holding unit branch road and long rock core holder branch road is connected with fracturing liquid retracting device 33, the fracturing liquid that fracturing liquid retracting device 33 facilitates system recoveries process discarded.
Wherein:
Liquid CO
2supply system comprises the first gas cylinder 1 and the second gas cylinder 2, first gas cylinder 1 and the second gas cylinder 2 and gas cylinder can be selected as required flexibly to access quantity, should deposit, be convenient to stably store and the carbon dioxide exported when depositing by downward-sloping for bottle mouth of gas cylinder.The outlet of the first gas cylinder 1 connects the entrance of gas purifier 5 and on connecting line, is provided with the first valve 3, the outlet of the second gas cylinder 2 connects the entrance of gas purifier 5 and on connecting line, is provided with the second valve 4, the effect of gas purifier 5 is the impurity such as the water vapor mixed in the original carbon dioxide of removing, purifies and obtains high precision carbon dioxide.The outlet of gas purifier 5 connects refrigeration system 7 by CO
2liquefy and on connecting line, be provided with flowmeter 6, having for storing liquid CO in refrigeration system 7
2liquid CO
2storage tank 8, liquid CO
2the outlet of storage tank 8 connects CO
2the entrance of pump 13 and be provided with the first pressure gauge 12 and the 5th valve 11, CO on connecting line
2the outlet of pump 13 connects the entrance of retaining valve 17, and retaining valve 17 can prevent reverse flow of fluids, and its outlet connects the entrance of primary heater 18.Liquid CO
2the entrance of storage tank 8 is connected with the 3rd valve 9 for emptying cleaning, exports the 4th valve 10 be connected with for emptying cleaning.
Agent delivery system comprises reagent pot 14, and the outlet of reagent pot 14 connects reagent pump 15, and the outlet of reagent pump 15 connects the entrance of retaining valve 17, and the outlet of retaining valve 17 connects the entrance of primary heater 18.CO
2be provided with safety valve 16 between the outlet of pump 13 and the entrance of retaining valve 17, safety valve 16 between the outlet and the entrance of retaining valve 17 of reagent pump 15, for pilot piping pressure, can ensure pipeline high-voltage safety simultaneously.CO
2pump 13 and reagent pump 15 are constant speed and constant pressure pump, as required, can select suitable specifications and models, setting discharge capacity, can regulate the flow of pump and synthesize additive formula in fracturing liquid.Maximum working pressure (MWP) is as far as possible high, best more than 50MPa, thus condition of formation pressure when can simulate pressing crack construction.Reagent pot 14 lower end is provided with emptying valve, facilitates emptying and cleaning, configures heating system as required and carrys out control temperature.
Common core holding unit branch road comprises common core holding unit 22, and be connected with the first differential pressure pickup 23 between the input of common core holding unit 22, output terminal, the input end of common core holding unit 22 is provided with the 6th valve 21, and output terminal is provided with the 7th valve 24.
Long rock core holder branch road comprises long rock core holder 26, and be connected with the second differential pressure pickup 27 between the input of long rock core holder 26, output terminal, the input end of long rock core holder 26 is provided with the 8th valve 25, and output terminal is provided with the 9th valve 28.
Be connected with ring press pump 31 and the 3rd pressure gauge 32 between common core holding unit 22 and long rock core holder 26, and have the tenth valve 29 at nearly common core holding unit 22 end, have the 11 valve 30 at nearly long rock core holder 26 end.Ring press pump 31 is for controlling rock core confined pressure in core holding unit.In experimentation, this confined pressure should be greater than displacement pressure all the time, the pressure namely shown by the second pressure gauge 20.
In system, flowmeter 6, first pressure gauge 12, thermometer 19, second pressure gauge 20, first differential pressure pickup 23 and the second differential pressure pickup 27 all connect digital acquisition and control card, digital collection control card connection control system, the pressure, temperature, flow, pressure reduction and the pumping rate data processing that gather are generated raw data form, analytical statement and curve map, generate database file form so that user flexibility uses simultaneously.Digital collection control card can adopt import MOX or C168H digital collection control card.
In present system, all associated lines all adopt 316L pipeline, in case CO
2anhydrous fracturing liquid is to the sour corrosion of pipeline; And connect all pipelines between refrigeration system 7 to fracturing liquid retracting device 33, parcel can be wound around with insulation material, the test error that be convenient to prevent heat transmission, scatter and disappear etc. causes.
Test process of the present invention is:
Step 1, will from liquid CO
2the liquid CO of supply system
2with from after utilizing the chemical addition agent of agent delivery system to mix, send into primary heater 18 and carry out preheating.
Particularly:
The gas of the first gas cylinder 1 and/or the second gas cylinder 2, respectively by after the first valve 3, second valve 4, purifies through gas purifier 5, by flowmeter 6 metered flow.Then refrigeration liquefying in refrigeration system 7, by CO
2pump 13 intake line.3rd valve 9, the 4th valve 10 can facilitate emptying cleaning, and the first pressure gauge 12 can measure liquid CO
2the pressure of storage tank 8 inside.
In another branch road, reagent pot 14 loads the chemical addition agent and suitable solvent that prepare, and adjuvant is by reagent pump 15 intake line and CO
2mixing.By control CO
2the discharge capacity of pump 13 and reagent pump 15 controls material concentration proportioning.After mixing, enter into primary heater 18 through retaining valve 17.
Wherein, retaining valve 17 can prevent reverse flow of fluids, and safety valve 16 is convenient to pilot piping pressure, can ensure pipeline high-voltage safety.The fracturing liquid fluid of mixing can pass through primary heater 18 pilot piping temperature, and temperature can be measured by thermometer 19, and line pressure and confined pressure can be measured by the second pressure gauge 20.
Step 2, select in common core holding unit branch road or long rock core holder branch road, rock core is put into corresponding clamper, by controlling the 6th valve 21, the 7th valve 24, the 8th valve 25 and the 9th valve 28, by the common core holding unit branch road selected by the compounding substances feeding after preheating or long rock core holder branch road.
Step 3, utilizes the first differential pressure pickup 23 or the second differential pressure pickup 27 to measure the pressure reduction at corresponding clamper two ends, and meanwhile, measure top hole pressure and the displacement pressure of primary heater 18, the value controlling rock core confined pressure in clamper is greater than the value of this displacement pressure all the time.
The range of the length of core holding unit, caliber and differential pressure pickup can select survey flexibly.Simultaneously choose determine a core holding unit branch road time, should open with regard to near-ring press pump branch road valve for controlling the pressure reduction of displacement pressure and ring pressure.Such as, when choosing common core holding unit branch road, rock core should be put in common core holding unit 22, first the second pressure gauge 20 reading is observed, then to be greater than Stress control ring press pump 31 pressure (the 3rd pressure gauge 32 reading) of this reading to control confined pressure and displacement pressure positive pressure differential.
Step 4, according to Darcy's law correlation formula, records rock core original permeability in advance.
Particularly, can first use a kind of fluid, such as water, go to test out core permeability, be described permeability in advance, between permeability and measured pressure difference, meet Darcy's law.
Step 5, regulates different temperatures, different pressures, different displacements and different fracturing liquid proportioning, the extent of injury caused reservoir core under obtaining corresponding conditions.The mixing fracturing liquid fluid flowed out finally enters into fracturing liquid retracting device 33.
In the present invention, liquid CO in system displacement pressure and discharge capacity and fracturing liquid
2regulate mainly through CO with additive formula
2pump 13 and reagent pump 15 supercharging realize.System pipeline temperature mainly controls by primary heater 18.
Claims (10)
1. a carbon dioxide anhydrous fracturing liquid injury test macro, comprises liquid CO
2supply system and agent delivery system, is characterized in that, described liquid CO
2the outlet of supply system and agent delivery system is all connected to common core holding unit branch road in parallel and the input end of long rock core holder branch road, and on connecting line, be provided with primary heater (18), the output terminal of described common core holding unit branch road and long rock core holder branch road is connected with fracturing liquid retracting device (33), wherein:
Described common core holding unit branch road comprises common core holding unit (22), the first differential pressure pickup (23) is connected with between the input of common core holding unit (22), output terminal, the input end of common core holding unit (22) is provided with the 6th valve (21), and output terminal is provided with the 7th valve (24);
Described long rock core holder branch road comprises long rock core holder (26), the second differential pressure pickup (27) is connected with between the input of long rock core holder (26), output terminal, the input end of long rock core holder (26) is provided with the 8th valve (25), and output terminal is provided with the 9th valve (28).
2. the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide injures test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described liquid CO
2supply system comprises the first gas cylinder (1) and the second gas cylinder (2), the outlet of the first gas cylinder (1) connects the entrance of gas purifier (5) and on connecting line, is provided with the first valve (3), the outlet of the second gas cylinder (2) connects the entrance of gas purifier (5) and on connecting line, is provided with the second valve (4), and the outlet of gas purifier (5) connects refrigeration system (7) by CO
2liquefy and on connecting line, be provided with flowmeter (6), refrigeration system has for storing liquid CO in (7)
2liquid CO
2storage tank (8), liquid CO
2the outlet of storage tank (8) connects CO
2the entrance of pump (13) and be provided with the first pressure gauge (12) and the 5th valve (11) on connecting line, CO
2the outlet of pump (13) connects the entrance of retaining valve (17), and the outlet of retaining valve (17) connects the entrance of described primary heater (18), described liquid CO
2the entrance of storage tank (8) is connected with the 3rd valve (9) for emptying cleaning, exports the 4th valve (10) be connected with for emptying cleaning.
3. the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide injures test macro according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described agent delivery system comprises reagent pot (14), the outlet of reagent pot (14) connects reagent pump (15), the outlet of reagent pump (15) connects the entrance of retaining valve (17), and the outlet of retaining valve (17) connects the entrance of described primary heater (18).
4. the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide injures test macro according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described CO
2be provided with safety valve (16) between the outlet of pump (13) and the entrance of retaining valve (17), safety valve (16) is positioned between the outlet of reagent pump (15) and the entrance of retaining valve (17) simultaneously.
5. carbon dioxide anhydrous fracturing liquid injury test macro according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, described CO
2pump (13) and reagent pump (15) are constant speed and constant pressure pump, and described reagent pot (14) lower end is provided with emptying valve.
6. the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide injures test macro according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described primary heater (18) is provided with thermometer (19) and the second pressure gauge (20) with between common core holding unit branch road in parallel and the input end of long rock core holder branch road.
7. the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide injures test macro according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, in system, all associated lines all adopt 316L pipeline, in case CO
2anhydrous fracturing liquid is to the sour corrosion of pipeline; And all pipelines connected between refrigeration system (7) to fracturing liquid retracting device (33), be wound around parcel with insulation material.
8. the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide injures test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, ring press pump (31) and the 3rd pressure gauge (32) is connected with between described common core holding unit (22) and long rock core holder (26), and there is the tenth valve (29) at nearly common core holding unit (22) end, have the 11 valve (30) at nearly long rock core holder (26) end.
9. the anhydrous fracturing liquid of carbon dioxide injures test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described flowmeter (6), the first pressure gauge (12), thermometer (19), the second pressure gauge (20), the first differential pressure pickup (23) and the second differential pressure pickup (27) all connect digital acquisition and control card, described digital collection control card connection control system, the data processing gathered is generated raw data form, generates database file form simultaneously.
10., based on a method of testing for the anhydrous fracturing liquid injury of carbon dioxide described in claim 1 test macro, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1, will from liquid CO
2the liquid CO of supply system
2with from after utilizing the chemical addition agent of agent delivery system to mix, send into primary heater (18) and carry out preheating;
Step 2, select in common core holding unit branch road or long rock core holder branch road, rock core is put into corresponding clamper, by controlling the 6th valve (21), the 7th valve (24), the 8th valve (25) and the 9th valve (28), by the common core holding unit branch road selected by the compounding substances feeding after preheating or long rock core holder branch road;
Step 3, the first differential pressure pickup (23) or the second differential pressure pickup (27) is utilized to measure the pressure reduction at corresponding clamper two ends, simultaneously, measure top hole pressure and the displacement pressure of primary heater (18), the value controlling rock core confined pressure in clamper is greater than the value of this displacement pressure all the time;
Step 4, regulates different temperatures, different pressures, different displacements and different fracturing liquid proportioning, according to the rock core original permeability recorded in advance, and the extent of injury under obtaining corresponding conditions, reservoir core caused.
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| CN106644871A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-05-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Evaluating method of oil and gas reservoir seepage by supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid and method thereof |
| CN107144671A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-08 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Shale gas-water lock effect evaluation device and method under high pressure condition |
| CN107543912A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | CO2Water rock dynamic response system and method |
| CN108072751A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-25 | 中国华能集团公司 | A kind of fracturing fluid and reservoir interaction experimental system for simulating and experimental method |
| CN109932272A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-06-25 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | A kind of CO2Displacement test system and experimental method |
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| CN111272978A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-12 | 西南石油大学 | Evaluation of CO2Device and method for testing influence on flat acid rock reaction rate |
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