CN106644336B - A kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental system and method - Google Patents
A kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106644336B CN106644336B CN201610946169.5A CN201610946169A CN106644336B CN 106644336 B CN106644336 B CN 106644336B CN 201610946169 A CN201610946169 A CN 201610946169A CN 106644336 B CN106644336 B CN 106644336B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of frame structure across ground fissure experimental system and method, include: 1, ground fissure place is simulated using shear model soil case: reserving hidden ground fissure belts position in native case using plank first, surrounding soil carries out placement in layers, compacting by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement and is layered embedding sensor, it then takes out plank and fills mixture made of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position, and carry out embedding acceleration transducer according to design height；2, upper frame reduced scale structural model is established, and arranges foil gauge in every layer of each pin deck of model；3, upper frame reduced scale structural model is lifted into native case；Upper frame reduced scale structural model bottom is buried in the earth；Upper frame reduced scale structural model is totally three across centre is one across across ground fissure.The problem of how very good solution of the present invention simulates ground fissure place；Reliable basis is provided to build general building in the ground fissure place that activity is weaker or tends towards stability later.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ground fissure experimental technique field, in particular to a kind of frame structure across ground fissure experimental system and
Method.
Background technique
The appearance of ground fissure has not only broken up the integrality in place, also generates destruction, mesh to engineering construction disposed thereon
Space evacuation principle is carried out in crack place to preceding specification over the ground.However existing across the ground fissure phenomenon of many buildings of Xi'an region,
Also the problem of some buildings have to build across ground fissure, evacuation ground cleave simply will necessarily be encountered in Process of Urban Development
Seam place necessarily wastes valuable land resource.
Meanwhile the soil body mechanical performance index in hidden ground fissure belts is lower than the periphery soil body, and the power in ground fissure place is caused to ring
It answers irregular.The deformation rule and failure mode of superstructure under geological process across ground fissure, compared with common place
It is different；The ground fissure of the lower part soil body extends mechanism, and the dynamic response of the ground fissure upper lower burrs soil body is regular and to across ground fissure
The fortification against earthquakes of structure, these problems are it is necessary to carry out system research by shaking table model, for later in activity
Property the weaker or ground fissure place tended towards stability build general building foundation be provided.Therefore, frame structure is carried out across ground
Crack experiment research has important engineering practical value.However in the prior art, there are no a set of fairly perfect frames
Frame construct trans ground fissure experimental system and method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of frame structures to cross over ground fissure experimental system and method, to solve above-mentioned skill
Art problem.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental method, comprising the following steps:
(1) ground fissure place is simulated using shear model soil case: reserves hidden ground fissure belts position in native case using plank first
It sets, surrounding soil carries out placement in layers, compacting by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement and is layered embedding sensor,
It then takes out plank and fills mixture made of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position, and is next embedding according to design height
Acceleration transducer；
(2) upper frame reduced scale structural model is established, and arranges foil gauge in every layer of each pin deck of model；
(3) upper frame reduced scale structural model is lifted into native case；Upper frame reduced scale structural model bottom is earthed
In；Upper frame reduced scale structural model is totally three across centre is one across across ground fissure.
Further, the rubber film that native chamber interior wall internal layer uses with a thickness of 0.8mm in step (1), and with foam sticker
In the tank wall inner surface of native case；Native case rubber membranous wall pastes 3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plate, the case-side of size and native case
Wall frame is identical.
Further, before banketing in step (1), first the soil body acquired near ground fissure to be studied dried
It is packed after sieve, and measures its moisture content, volume is fixed after single-layer model rammed earth, according to the parameter of each layer soil body in place, meter
Soil body weight and moisture content needed for making every layer model soil are calculated, has been sieved soil sample according to aequum weighing, while calculating and reaching
Institute's water requirement when to model clay moisture content meets the requirement of moisture content after carrying out uniformly sprinkling with watering can；In step (1)
Compacting is to be laid with plank in compacting soil body surface in advance, then use tamping machine progress tamping operation, will after every layer of compacting to predetermined altitude
Soil body surface plucking, to promote the bonding of upper and lower level.
Further, acceleration transducer is arranged in step (1): accelerometer integrally divides three layers of laying, every layer of acceleration
Meter is along direction of vibration midline position arranged for interval, and ground fissure two sides arrangement is intensive, close to the pine of soil case two sides arrangement
It dissipates；Native box outer wall is also provided with accelerometer and displacement meter.
Further, acceleration transducer pre-buried in step (1) carries out water-proofing treatment: using cube organic glass box
Water-proofing treatment is carried out to acceleration transducer, by the way that cube glass case side length is calculated, so that acceleration transducer and having
The global density of machine glass case is equal to buried position soil body density, and it is organic that acceleration transducer is fixed on cube using bolt
Glass case bottom is measured the vibration of body to guarantee that acceleration transducer is correctly experienced, then with silica gel by the organic glass of cube
The sealing of glass box, finally wraps up cube organic glass box with preservative film；Using digging when acceleration transducer is laid at scene
The mode filled out is to prevent it from tilting or shifting.
Further, upper frame reduced scale structural model is established with 1:15 ratio reduced scale in step (2)；Step is adopted in (3)
It will be to be lifted into native case in step (2) with the upper frame scaled model that 1:15 ratio is established with hanger.
Further, hanger includes steelframe, bottom square steel and channel steel；The top of steelframe is welded by four square steel
Rectangle frame, four vertex of rectangle frame are respectively perpendicular to rectangle frame face bonding and are connected to four square steel straight down, the bottom of steelframe
End is two square steel parallel to each other, is respectively welded on a pair perpendicular between the end of the square steel of rectangle frame plane；Steelframe bottom end
It is equidistant on two square steel to be provided with several bolts hole；Several bottom square steel are vertically fixed on two of steelframe bottom end by bolt
Between square steel；The lower end of the bottom square steel of the upward bottom end two sides for being installed on steelframe by bolt respectively of two channel steel notches
Face；Several suspension hooks are provided on the top rectangle frame of steelframe；Bottom square steel central axes distance is equal to by lifting each column isolated footing
Central axes distance.
Further, lifting specifically includes the following steps:
1) two channel steels are respectively arranged in two bottoms square steel lower part and are connected by screw bolts；
2) bottom square steel is laid under the prefab-form of isolated footing of upper frame reduced scale structural model, there is channel steel company
The two bottom square steel connect are placed on the bottom square steel two sides of no channel steel connection；
3) after the completion of the concrete completion of entire upper frame reduced scale structural model is poured and conserved, steelframe is hung to bottom
Above square steel, it is connected by screw bolts；
4) digging groove in native case, groove number are identical as hanger bottom square steel quantity；Spacing between groove is equal to bottom
Spacing between portion's square steel；
5) it is lifted, when hanging higher than right above grooved position, unclamps the bolt that channel steel is connected with bottom square steel, remove
Channel steel, is then hung to predetermined position, and bottom square steel is fallen into groove；
6) all bolts are unclamped, steelframe is separated with bottom square steel, and bottom square steel is extracted out along groove, completes upper frame contracting
The lifting of ruler structural model.
A kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental system, including native case and upper frame reduced scale structural model；In native case
The rubber film that wall internal layer uses with a thickness of 0.8mm, and tank wall inner surface is affixed on foamed glue；It is pasted on native rubber membranous wall
3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plate, size are identical as the native wall box frame of case；The soil body is filled in native case；In the soil body
Between preparation be formed with simulation ground fissure, mixture made of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix is filled in ground fissure；In mixture, carefully
Flour sand partial size chooses 2mm hereinafter, the mass ratio of fine powder sand and white lime is 2:1；Three layers of acceleration transducer are disposed in the soil body,
Interlamellar spacing is greater than 200mm, and ground fissure two sides are arranged intensive, close to the loose of soil case two sides arrangement；Native box outer wall, which is provided with, to be added
Speedometer and displacement meter；Soil body top be equipped with upper frame reduced scale structural model, upper frame reduced scale structural model totally three across, in
Between one across across ground fissure.
Further, pre-buried acceleration transducer carries out water-proofing treatment: using cube organic glass box to acceleration
Sensor carries out water-proofing treatment, by the way that cube glass case side length is calculated, so that acceleration transducer and organic glass box
Global density be equal to buried position soil body density, acceleration transducer is fixed on cube organic glass cassette bottom using bolt
Then portion is sealed cube organic glass box with silica gel with guaranteeing that acceleration transducer correctly experiences the vibration of measured body,
Finally cube organic glass box is wrapped up with preservative film；Scene lay acceleration transducer when use the mode of excavation and filling with
Prevent it from tilting or shifting.
The present invention uses shear model soil case simulation ground fissure place step to reserve first using with a thickness of the plank of 2cm
Hidden ground fissure belts position, surrounding soil carry out placement in layers, compacting by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement, then take
Plank fills mixture made of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position out, and carrys out embedding sensing according to design height
Device, while considering the water-proofing treatment of pre-buried acceleration transducer and burying, finally successively filled repeatedly until reaching design height.
Further, the rubber film that native chamber interior wall internal layer uses with a thickness of 0.8mm, and table in tank wall is affixed on foamed glue
Face.On the one hand the leakage of soil can be prevented, while can be with the moisture content of the soil body in control cabinet.Native chamber interior wall outer tire layer 3cm
Thick polystyrol plastic foam plate, size are identical as wall box frame；It pastes rubber membrane and plastic foamboard greatly reduces
Boundary effect, while the device is to the shear-deformable almost without constraint of soil, thus can preferably simulation soil in free survey stations
Vibration deformation.
Further, it before banketing, is packed after the soil body acquired near Ground Fissures In Xian, China f4 is carried out sunning sieving first,
And measure its moisture content.Since volume is fixed after single-layer model rammed earth, according to the parameter of each layer soil body in place, can calculate
Soil body weight and moisture content needed for making every layer model soil.It has been sieved soil sample according still further to aequum weighing, while having calculated and reaching
Institute's water requirement when model clay moisture content can meet the requirement of moisture content after carrying out uniformly sprinkling with watering can.
Further, it is laid with plank in compacting soil body surface in advance, then tamping operation is carried out using tamping machine, reduce electrorammer to soil
The direct impact force of body, every layer is tamped to predetermined altitude, by soil body surface plucking, to promote the bonding of upper and lower level.
Further, soil body measuring point in lower part should be carried out according to the thinking of the acceleration change of monitoring ground fissure two sides.Add
Speedometer integrally divides three layers of laying, and to measure the acceleration response of soil body different height, every layer of accelerometer is along direction of vibration
Midline position arranged for interval, and the hidden ground fissure belts arrangement of acceleration meter encryption nearby.Additionally should near native chamber interior wall cloth
If accelerometer is to verify the boundary effect of native case.Accelerometer and displacement meter should be also arranged in native box outer wall, and it is different to measure native case
The changing rule of acceleration and displacement at height.
Further, accelerometer need to be embedded in model clay, and the water of model clay can prevent accelerometer from normal work
Make.Furthermore accelerometer is made of metal material, and density may couple vibration with soil during test much larger than the density of soil
It is dynamic, the accuracy of test data is influenced, therefore it should be reequiped as required.This test is using cube organic glass box to adding
Speedometer carries out water-proofing treatment, by the way that cube glass case side length is calculated, so that accelerometer and organic glass box is whole
Volume density is equal to model clay volume density.Accelerometer is fixed on capsule bottom with bolt, to guarantee that sensor correctly experiences quilt
The vibration for measuring body, is then sealed capsule with silica gel, is finally wrapped up with preservative film organic glass box to ensure that it is anti-
Water effect.The mode of excavation and filling is used when laying accelerometer at the scene to prevent it from tilting or shifting.
It includes frame models reinforcing bar that the present invention, which establishes frame superstructure model step with the reduced scale of 1:15,
Production and installation, concrete are poured and are vibrated, and the peace of template is torn open and the arrangement of sensor and foil gauge.
Further, prototype structure is 1 having a size of 18.3m (length) × 15.9m (width) × 18m (height), the size likelihood ratio:
15, be computed after reduced scale model be sized to 1220mm × 1060mmx1200mm, totally three across pillar cross dimension
For 27mm × 33mm (KZ-1) and 33 × 33mm (KZ-2), plate thickness is respectively 10mm, and pillar and beam steel protective layer thickness are equal
For 2mm, the protective layer of plate is 1mm, and beam column main rib is simulated using #14 or #16 galvanized wire, stirrup with #20 galvanized wire come
Simulation, and C30 concrete in prototype is simulated with M6 microconcrete.
Further, on the one hand lead to not consolidate using the method for binding since the galvanized wire of stirrup use is too thin
It is scheduled on lengthways main steel bar, on the other hand, if the protective layer (2mm) of beam column component not can guarantee using the method for binding stirrup,
Later period casting concrete easily reveals muscle or steel reinforcement cage is caused to distort.By repetition test, the present invention is in production beam column steel reinforcement cage
When the method that is connect using tin wire bond.Tin wire bond has the advantage that tin wire bonds first are small, it is ensured that protective layer thickness；Its
Secondary soldering effect is good, not easily to fall off, can simulate the effect of assembling reinforcement, furthermore in the welding process, need to only fix main reinforcement
Position will not disturb main reinforcement when welding stirrup, and last molding steel reinforcement cage shape is regular.Before making steel reinforcement cage, production is solid first
Determine main reinforcement mold (plank), punched on plank according to main reinforcement position and main reinforcement is penetrated into fixation, the hoop that then will be made again
Muscle penetrates welding.
Further, every laminate of structure configures additional bob-weight 32Kg.
The installation process step of ground fissure place of the present invention and frame superstructure is first by the work of the lower part of hanger four
Dynamic square steel is laid on the pre- formwork supporting plate of isolated footing, etc. totals concrete completion pour and conserve after the completion of, use
High-strength bolt tightens up hanger upper and lower part, is lifted.After completing lifting operation, bolt is unclamped, on hanger
Under be partially separated, by lower part square steel extract out.
Further, in order to preferably reflect dynamic response of across the ground cleave crack structure under geological process, model structure is adopted
With isolated footing, therefore rigid base can not be arranged in model lower part, this external structure reduced scale is 1:15, structural elements carrying
Ability is limited, suspension centre can not be arranged in structure itself, therefore this experiment uses external hanger to complete hanging for model structure
Fill work.Hanger structure is that lower part is four 50mm square steel tubes (hereinafter referred to as square steel), and top is the hanger that square steel is welded,
With there are four suspension centres.The square steel of lower part four is connected with top hanger using high-strength bolt.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following advantages: the present invention provides a kind frame structure across ground
How crack experimental system and method, very good solution simulate ground fissure place, how to make small-scale structure model steel bar cage
How hanging belt isolated footing frame structure the problem of；For later in the ground fissure place that activity is weaker or tends towards stability
It builds general building and reliable basis is provided.The present invention also analyzes superstructure and the collective effect with ground fissure soil, more
The good destruction situation for having studied ground fissure.The collective effect experimental study method of special place frame isolated footing structure is mentioned
New Research Thinking out.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of frame structure of the present invention crosses over experiment sensor layout drawing in ground fissure experimental system；
Fig. 2 is every layer of each pin deck foil gauge layout drawing；
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 d is model column arrangement of reinforcement；Wherein, Fig. 3 a is the original image of KZ-1, and Fig. 3 b is the scaled model of KZ-1；Figure
3c is the original image of KZ-2, and Fig. 3 d is the scaled model of KZ-2；
Fig. 4 is model criteria layer beam arrangement of reinforcement；
Fig. 5 is steel reinforcement cage schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is hanger structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram on the top of hanger；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the channel steel of hanger；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the lower part two sides square steel of hanger；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of square steel among the lower part of hanger.
1- accelerometer, 2- displacement meter, 3- soil case, 4- plastic plate, 5- ground fissure, 6- foil gauge, 7- indulge muscle, 8- stirrup,
9- tin wire bonds；11- steelframe, the bottom 12- square steel, 13- suspension hook, 14- channel steel, 15- bolt hole.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Refering to Figure 1, a kind of frame structure of the present invention crosses over ground fissure experimental system, including native case 3 and upper box
Frame reduced scale structural model.
The rubber film that native 3 inner wall internal layer of case uses with a thickness of 0.8mm, and tank wall inner surface is affixed on foamed glue.In soil
Case rubber membranous wall pastes 3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plate 4, and size is identical as the native wall box frame of case 3.In native case 3
Filled with the soil body acquired near ground fissure to be studied；It prepares to form simulation ground fissure, ground by the plank of 2cm among the soil body
Mixture made of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix is filled in crack, and (fine silt partial size chooses 2mm hereinafter, fine powder sand and white lime
Mass ratio be 2:1)；Be disposed with three layers of acceleration transducer in the soil body, interlamellar spacing is greater than 200mm, every layer of accelerometer along
Direction of vibration midline position arranged for interval, and the hidden ground fissure belts arrangement of acceleration meter encryption nearby.In addition, attached in native chamber interior wall
It is close to lay accelerometer to verify the boundary effect of native case.Native box outer wall is also provided with accelerometer and displacement meter, measures native case not
With the changing rule of acceleration and displacement at height.Soil body top is equipped with upper frame reduced scale structural model, upper frame reduced scale
Structural model is totally three across centre is one across across ground fissure.Pre-buried acceleration transducer carries out water-proofing treatment: being had using cube
Machine glass case carries out water-proofing treatment to acceleration transducer, by the way that cube glass case side length is calculated, so that acceleration passes
The global density of sensor and organic glass box is equal to buried position soil body density, acceleration transducer is fixed on using bolt vertical
Cube organic glass cassette bottom portion, to guarantee that acceleration transducer correctly experiences the vibration of measured body, then with silica gel general cube
The sealing of body organic glass box, finally wraps up cube organic glass box with preservative film；Lay acceleration transducer in scene
The mode of Shi Caiyong excavation and filling is to prevent it from tilting or shifting.
A kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental method, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) ground fissure place is simulated using shear model soil case: reserved in native case 3 using the plank with a thickness of 2cm first
Hidden ground fissure belts position, surrounding soil carry out placement in layers, compacting by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement, then take
Plank fills mixture made of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position (fine silt partial size chooses 2mm hereinafter, fine powder out
Husky and white lime mass ratio is 2:1.Purpose meets the mechanical characteristics of the ground fissure soil body for approximation；Meanwhile mixture of white is ripe
Lime can observe crack developing tendency, and certain effect is played on experimental observation), to pre-buried acceleration while embedding sensor
It spends sensor and carries out water-proofing treatment, finally successively filled repeatedly until reaching design height.
(1.1) native 3 inner wall internal layer of case uses the rubber film with a thickness of 0.8mm, and is affixed on tank wall inner surface with foamed glue.
On the one hand the leakage of soil can be prevented, while can be with the moisture content of the soil body in control cabinet.It is thick that 3cm is pasted in native case rubber membranous wall
Polystyrol plastic foam plate 4, size are identical as the native wall box frame of case 3；Paste rubber membrane and plastic foamboard significantly
Reduce boundary effect, while the device is to the shear-deformable almost without constraint of soil, thus can preferably simulation soil in freedom
The vibration deformation in place.
(12) it before banketing, is packed after the soil body acquired near Ground Fissures In Xian, China f4 is carried out sunning sieving first, and survey
Obtain its moisture content.Since volume is fixed after single-layer model rammed earth, according to the parameter of each layer soil body in place, every layer of production is calculated
Soil body weight and moisture content needed for model clay.It has been sieved soil sample according still further to aequum weighing, while having calculated and reaching model clay and contain
Institute's water requirement when water rate can meet the requirement of moisture content after carrying out uniformly sprinkling with watering can.
(13) it tamps step: being laid with plank in compacting soil body surface in advance, then tamping operation is carried out using tamping machine, reduce electrorammer
To the direct impact force of the soil body, after every layer of compacting, by soil body surface plucking, to promote the bonding of upper and lower level.
(14) sensor arrangement: lower part soil body measuring point should according to monitoring ground fissure two sides acceleration change thinking come into
Row: ground fissure two sides are arranged intensive, close to the loose of soil case two sides arrangement.Accelerometer integrally divides three layers of laying, acceleration
Layer arrangement height of scoring is greater than 200mm, and to measure the acceleration response of soil body different height, every layer of accelerometer is along vibration side
Location interval is arranged to the midline, and the hidden ground fissure belts arrangement of acceleration meter encryption nearby.In addition, being laid near native chamber interior wall
Accelerometer is to verify the boundary effect of native case.Native box outer wall is also provided with accelerometer and displacement meter, measures native case different height
Locate the changing rule of acceleration and displacement.
(15) water-proofing treatment of pre-buried acceleration transducer and embedded: accelerometer 1 need to be embedded in model clay, model clay
Water can make accelerometer cisco unity malfunction.Furthermore accelerometer is made of metal material, and density is close much larger than soil
Degree, may influence the accuracy of test data, therefore should reequip as required to it during test with native coupled vibrations.
This pilot system carries out water-proofing treatment to accelerometer 1 using cube organic glass box, by the way that cube glass is calculated
Box side length, so that the global density of accelerometer and organic glass box is equal to model clay volume density.Accelerometer is consolidated with bolt
It is scheduled on cube glass case bottom, the vibration of body is measured to guarantee that sensor is correctly experienced, then with silica gel by cube glass
Glass box sealing, finally with preservative film to thering is cube glass case to be wrapped up to ensure its waterproof effect.It lays and accelerates at the scene
Degree timing uses the mode of excavation and filling to prevent it from tilting or shifting.
(2) upper frame reduced scale structural model is established with the reduced scale of 1:15: the production of frame models reinforcing bar and
Installation, concrete are poured and are vibrated, and the peace of template is torn open and the arrangement of sensor and foil gauge.Every layer of foil gauge each pin deck
It all arranges, as shown in Figure 2.
(21) prototype frame superstructure is having a size of 18.3m (length) × 15.9m (width) × 18m (height), and totally three across with 1:15
Ratio reduced scale is computed to obtain model after reduced scale, is sized to 1220mm (length) × 1060mm (width) as shown in Figure 3,4
X1200mm (height), pillar cross dimension is 27mm × 33mm (KZ-1) and 33 × 33mm (KZ-2), plate thickness are respectively
10mm, pillar and beam steel protective layer thickness are 2mm, and the protective layer of plate is 1mm, and beam column main rib uses #14 or #16 galvanized iron
Silk is simulated, and stirrup is simulated with #20 galvanized wire, and simulates C30 concrete in prototype with M6 microconcrete.
(22) in upper frame reduced scale structural model steel reinforcement cage production: before production steel reinforcement cage, make fixed main reinforcement first
Mold (plank) punches according to main reinforcement position on plank and main reinforcement is penetrated fixation, then again penetrates the stirrup made
Welding, as shown in Figure 5.The method that the present invention connects when making beam column steel reinforcement cage using tin wire bond, because being adopted in stirrup
Galvanized wire is too thin, leads to not be fixed on lengthways main steel bar using the method for binding, and if using binding stirrup
Method, the protective layer (2mm) of beam column component not can guarantee, and later period casting concrete easily reveals muscle or steel reinforcement cage is caused to be turned round
It is bent.Tin wire bond has the advantage that tin wire bonds first are small, it is ensured that protective layer thickness；Secondly soldering effect is good, is not easy to take off
It falls, the effect of assembling reinforcement can be simulated, furthermore in the welding process, need to only fix main reinforcement position, it will not when welding stirrup
Main reinforcement is disturbed, last molding steel reinforcement cage shape is regular.
(23) additional bob-weight 32Kg is configured in every laminate of structure.
(3) upper frame reduced scale structural model the installation process in place and frame superstructure: is lifted using hanger；First
The movable square steel in lower part four of hanger is laid on the pre- formwork supporting plate of isolated footing, upper frames reduced scale structural model is waited
After the completion of the completion of total concrete is poured and conserved, hanger upper and lower part is tightened up using high-strength bolt, into
Row lifting.After completing lifting operation, bolt is unclamped, square steel extraction in lower part is by the separation of hanger top and the bottom.After lifting, on
Portion's base of frame is buried in the earth, and depth is determined by Practical Project length of embedment reduced scale, about 15cm.
(31) in order to preferably reflect dynamic response of across the ground cleave crack structure under geological process, model structure uses only
Vertical basis, therefore rigid base can not be arranged in model lower part, this external structure reduced scale is 1:15, and structural elements bearing capacity has
Limit, can not be arranged suspension centre in structure itself, it is therefore necessary to be considered as other devices to complete the lifting work of structure.This hair
The bright lifting work that model structure is completed using external hanger, lower part are four 50mm square steel tube (hereinafter referred to as square steel) portions
For the hanger that square steel is welded, the suspension centre with there are four.The square steel of lower part four is connected with top hanger using high-strength bolt.
Referring Fig. 6 to Figure 10, hanger, including steelframe 11, bottom square steel 12 and channel steel 14.
The top of steelframe 11 is the rectangle frame being welded by four square steel, and four vertex of rectangle frame are respectively perpendicular to square
Shape frame face bonding is connected to four square steel straight down, and the bottom end of steelframe 11 is two square steel parallel to each other, is respectively welded on a pair
Perpendicular between the bottom end of the square steel of rectangle frame plane.It is equidistant on two square steel of 11 bottom end of steelframe to be provided with several spiral shells
Keyhole；Bottom square steel 12 is vertically fixed between two square steel of 11 bottom end of steelframe by bolt；Two 14 notches of channel steel are upward
The bottom end two sides for being installed on steelframe 11 by bolt respectively 12 lower end surface of bottom square steel.It is set on the top rectangle frame of steelframe 1
It is equipped with several suspension hooks.12 central axes of bottom square steel distance is equal to each column isolated footing central axes distance.
The quantity of bottom square steel 12 and the span of model structure are related.This model structure select be 3 × 3 across frame knot
Structure has 4 column isolated footings, so selecting four square steel.
Hanging method, comprising the following steps:
1) two channel steels 14 are respectively arranged in two 12 lower parts of bottom square steel and are bolted using two；
2) bottom square steel 12 is laid under the prefab-form of isolated footing of upper frame reduced scale structural model, there is channel steel
Two bottom square steel 12 of 14 connections are placed on 12 two sides of bottom square steel of no channel steel connection；
3) after the completion of the concrete completion of entire upper frame reduced scale structural model is poured and conserved, steelframe 11 is hung on earth
12 top of portion's square steel, is connected by screw bolts；
4) digging groove in native case, groove number are identical as hanger bottom 12 quantity of square steel；Spacing between groove is equal to
Spacing between bottom square steel 12；
5) it is lifted, when hanging higher than 50 centimeters right above grooved position, unclamps channel steel 14 and bottom square steel 12 connects
Bolt, remove channel steel 14, be then hung to predetermined position, bottom square steel 12 is fallen into groove；
6) all bolts are unclamped, steelframe is separated with bottom square steel 12, and bottom square steel 12 is extracted out along groove；Complete upper box
The lifting of frame reduced scale structural model；Groove width must be greater than isolated footing width 10mm.
Test implementation process: the present invention, to input exciting, divides seven grades to be loaded from small to large using X, before every grade of load
It is all made of the white noise that amplitude is 0.05g and carries out frequency sweep test, the variation of the dynamic characteristics of observing and nursing system.Along vertical when experiment
Straight ground fissure direction inputs exciting, and temporally the likelihood ratio converts when seismic wave is held.Test objective according to the present invention and field
The seismic input wave of El-Centro wave, river oil wave and basement rock wave shaketalle test is chosen in ground classification, this test.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, it is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) ground fissure place is simulated using shear model soil case: reserves hidden ground fissure belts position, week in native case using plank first
It encloses soil to carry out placement in layers, compacting by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement and be layered embedding sensor, then
It takes out plank and fills mixture made of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position, and carry out embedding acceleration according to design height
Spend sensor；
(2) upper frame reduced scale structural model is established, and arranges foil gauge in every layer of each pin deck of model；
(3) upper frame reduced scale structural model is lifted into native case；Upper frame reduced scale structural model bottom is buried in the earth；On
Portion's frame reduced scale structural model is totally three across centre is one across across ground fissure；
Upper frame reduced scale structural model is established with 1:15 ratio reduced scale in step (2)；Use hanger by step in step (3)
(2) it is lifted into native case in the upper frame scaled model that 1:15 ratio is established；
Hanger includes steelframe (11), bottom square steel (12) and channel steel (14)；The top of steelframe (11) be by the welding of four square steel and
At rectangle frame, four vertex of rectangle frame are respectively perpendicular to rectangle frame face bonding and are connected to four square steel straight down, steelframe
(11) bottom end is two square steel parallel to each other, is respectively welded on a pair perpendicular between the end of the square steel of rectangle frame plane；Steel
It is equidistant on two square steel of frame (11) bottom end to be provided with several bolts hole (15)；Several bottom square steel (12) are vertical by bolt
It is fixed between two square steel of steelframe (11) bottom end；Two channel steel (14) notches it is upward steelframe is installed on by bolt respectively
(11) lower end surface of the bottom square steel (12) of bottom end two sides；Several suspension hooks are provided on the top rectangle frame of steelframe (11)；Bottom
Portion's square steel (12) central axes distance is equal to by lifting each column isolated footing central axes distance.
2. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental method, which is characterized in that in step (1)
The rubber film that native chamber interior wall internal layer uses with a thickness of 0.8mm, and it is affixed on foamed glue the tank wall inner surface of native case；Native case rubber
Membranous wall pastes 3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plate, and size is identical as the native wall box frame of case.
3. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental method, which is characterized in that in step (1)
It before banketing, is packed after the soil body acquired near ground fissure to be studied is carried out sunning sieving first, and measures its moisture content, in
Volume is fixed after single-layer model rammed earth, according to the parameter of each layer soil body in place, the soil body needed for calculating the every layer model soil of production
Weight and moisture content have been sieved soil sample according to aequum weighing, while having calculated institute's water requirement when reaching model clay moisture content,
Meet the requirement of moisture content after carrying out uniformly sprinkling with watering can；Compacting in step (1) is laid in compacting soil body surface in advance
Plank, then tamping operation is carried out using tamping machine, every layer is tamped to predetermined altitude, by soil body surface plucking, to promote upper and lower level
Bonding.
4. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental method, which is characterized in that in step (1)
Acceleration transducer arrangement: accelerometer integrally divides three layers of laying, and every layer of accelerometer is along direction of vibration midline position interval
Arrangement, and ground fissure two sides arrangement is intensive, close to the loose of soil case two sides arrangement；Native box outer wall be also provided with accelerometer and
Displacement meter.
5. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental method, which is characterized in that in step (1)
Pre-buried acceleration transducer carries out water-proofing treatment: being carried out at waterproof using cube organic glass box to acceleration transducer
Reason, by the way that cube glass case side length is calculated, so that the global density of acceleration transducer and organic glass box is equal to institute
Position soil body density is buried, acceleration transducer is fixed on cube organic glass cassette bottom portion using bolt, to guarantee acceleration
Sensor correctly experiences the vibration for being measured body, is then sealed cube organic glass box with silica gel, finally with preservative film pair
Cube organic glass box is wrapped up；Scene lay acceleration transducer when use the mode of excavation and filling with prevent its tilt or
Displacement.
6. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental method, which is characterized in that the specific packet of lifting
Include following steps:
1) two channel steels (14) are respectively arranged in two bottom square steel (12) lower parts and are connected by screw bolts；
2) under the prefab-form for the isolated footing that bottom square steel (12) is laid in upper frame reduced scale structural model, there is channel steel
(14) the two bottom square steel (12) connected are placed on bottom square steel (12) two sides of no channel steel connection；
3) after the completion of the concrete completion of entire upper frame reduced scale structural model is poured and conserved, steelframe (11) is hung to bottom
Above square steel (12), it is connected by screw bolts；
4) digging groove in native case, groove number are identical as hanger bottom square steel (12) quantity；Spacing between groove is equal to bottom
Spacing between portion's square steel (12)；
5) it is lifted, when hanging higher than right above grooved position, unclamps the bolt of channel steel (14) and bottom square steel (12) connection,
Channel steel (14) are removed, predetermined position is then hung to, bottom square steel (12) is fallen into groove；
6) all bolts are unclamped, steelframe is separated with bottom square steel (12), and bottom square steel (12) is extracted out along groove, completes upper box
The lifting of frame reduced scale structural model.
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