CN106644336A - Ground fracture-crossing experimental system and method for frame structure - Google Patents
Ground fracture-crossing experimental system and method for frame structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106644336A CN106644336A CN201610946169.5A CN201610946169A CN106644336A CN 106644336 A CN106644336 A CN 106644336A CN 201610946169 A CN201610946169 A CN 201610946169A CN 106644336 A CN106644336 A CN 106644336A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a ground fracture-crossing experimental system and a method for a frame structure. The method comprises the steps of 1, simulating a ground fracture field by adopting a shearing model soil box: firstly, reserving the position of a ground fracture in a soil box by adopting a wooden board, conducting the layered soil-filling operation of the surrounding soil according to the compaction degrees and the severe degrees of soil textures in a real formation, compacting the surrounding soil, embedding sensors in the layered manner, taking out the wooden board, filling a mixture of silty-fine sands and slaked lime into the position of the wooden board, and embedding an acceleration sensor according to a designed height; 2, establishing a reduced scale structural model of an upper frame, and arranging strain gauges at each column of each layer in the model; 3, hoisting the reduced scale structural model of the upper frame into the soil box, and embedding the bottom of the reduced scale structural model of the upper frame into the soil, wherein the reduced scale structural model of the upper frame is composed of three spans and the intermediate span of the reduced scale structural model stretches across the ground fracture. In this way, the problem of how to well simulate the ground fracture field can be well solved. Meanwhile, a reliable basis is provided for the construction of general buildings on the ground fracture field which is relatively weak in activity or tends to be stable in activity in the future.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ground fissure experimental technique field, more particularly to a kind of frame structure across ground fissure experimental system and
Method.
Background technology
The appearance of ground fissure has not only broken up the integrality in place, and the engineering construction for also aligning thereon produces destruction, mesh
Over the ground space avoidance principle is carried out in crack place to front specification.But existing across the ground fissure phenomenon of many buildings of Xi'an region,
Also the problem that some buildings have to be built across ground fissure, avoidance ground cleave simply will necessarily be run into Process of Urban Development
Seam place necessarily wastes the land resource of preciousness.
Meanwhile, the soil body mechanical performance index in hidden ground fissure belts is less than the periphery soil body, and the power for causing ground fissure place rings
Should be irregular.Under geological process across ground fissure superstructure deformation rule and failure mode, compared with common place
It is different；The ground fissure extension mechanism of the bottom soil body, the dynamic response rule of the ground fissure upper lower burrs soil body and to across ground fissure
The fortification against earthquakes of structure, these problems are necessary to carry out system research by shaking table model, in activity after being
Property the weaker or ground fissure place tended towards stability build general building foundation be provided.Therefore, frame structure is carried out across ground
Crack experiment research has important engineering practical value.But in prior art, also without a set of fairly perfect frame
Frame construct trans ground fissure experimental system and method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of frame structure is across ground fissure experimental system and method, to solve above-mentioned skill
Art problem.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, comprises the following steps：
(1) using shear model soil case simulation ground fissure place：Hidden ground fissure belts position is reserved in native case initially with plank
Put, surrounding soil carries out placement in layers, tamps and be layered embedding sensor by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement,
The mixture that plank fills Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position is then taken out, and comes embedding according to design height
Acceleration transducer；
(2) upper frame reduced scale structural model is set up, and each pin deck arranges foil gauge at per layer of model；
(3) upper frame reduced scale structural model is lifted into native case；Upper frame reduced scale structural model bottom is earthed
In；Upper frame reduced scale structural model is totally three across middle one across across ground fissure.
Further, in step (1) native chamber interior wall internal layer adopt thickness for 0.8mm rubber film, and use foam sticker
In the tank wall inner surface of native case；Native case rubber membranous wall pastes the case-side of 3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plates, size and native case
Wall framework is identical.
Further, before banketing in step (1), first the soil body gathered near ground fissure to be studied is carried out drying
Pack after sieve, and measure its moisture content, volume is fixed after single-layer model rammed earth, according to the parameter of each layer soil body in place, meter
Calculate making per layer model soil body weight and moisture content needed for soil, weighing soil sample of sieve according to aequum, while calculate reaching
To institute's water requirement during model clay moisture content, meeting the requirement of moisture content after uniformly being sprayed with watering can；In step (1)
Compacting is to lay plank in pre- compacting soil body surface, then carries out tamping operation using tamping machine, and per layer is tamped to predetermined altitude, will
Soil body surface plucking, to promote the bonding of levels.
Further, acceleration transducer arrangement in step (1)：Accelerometer integrally divides three layers of laying, every layer of acceleration
Count along direction of vibration midline position arranged for interval, and intensive, the pine of close soil case both sides arrangement that ground fissure both sides are arranged
Dissipate；Native box outer wall is also provided with accelerometer and displacement meter.
Further, acceleration transducer pre-buried in step (1) carries out water-proofing treatment：Using cube lucite box
Water-proofing treatment is carried out to acceleration transducer, by calculating the cube glass case length of side so that acceleration transducer and have
The global density of machine glass case is equal to and buries position soil body density, acceleration transducer is fixed on cube using bolt organic
Glass case bottom, to ensure that acceleration transducer correctly experiences the vibration of measured body, then with silica gel by the organic glass of cube
Glass box is sealed, and finally cube lucite box is wrapped up with preservative film；Scene adopts when laying acceleration transducer and digs
The mode filled out with prevent its incline or shift.
Further, with 1 in step (2):15 ratio reduced scales set up upper frame reduced scale structural model；Step is adopted in (3)
With suspension bracket will in step (2) with 1:The upper frame scaled model that 15 ratios are set up is lifted into native case.
Further, suspension bracket includes steelframe, bottom square steel and channel-section steel；The top of steelframe is welded by four square steel
Rectangle frame, four summits of rectangle frame are respectively perpendicular to rectangle frame face bonding and are connected to four square steel straight down, the bottom of steelframe
Hold as two square steel parallel to each other, be respectively welded between the termination of a pair square steel perpendicular to rectangle frame plane；Steelframe bottom
It is equidistant on two square steel to be provided with some bolts hole；Some bottom square steel are vertically fixed on two of steelframe bottom by bolt
Between square steel；The lower end of the bottom square steel of two channel-section steel notches bottom both sides for being installed on steelframe by bolt respectively upwards
Face；Some suspension hooks are provided with the top rectangle frame of steelframe；Bottom square steel axis distance is equal to by lifting each column isolated footing
Axis distance.
Further, lifting specifically includes following steps：
1) two channel-section steels are respectively arranged in two bottoms square steel bottom and with bolts；
2) bottom square steel is laid under the prefab-form of the isolated footing of upper frame reduced scale structural model, has channel-section steel to connect
The two bottom square steel for connecing are placed on the bottom square steel both sides without channel-section steel connection；
3) after the completion of the concrete of whole upper frame reduced scale structural model completes to pour and conserve, steelframe is hung to bottom
Square steel top, it is with bolts；
4) digging groove in native case, groove number is identical with suspension bracket bottom square steel quantity；Spacing between groove is equal to bottom
Spacing between portion's square steel；
5) lifted, when hanging higher than directly over grooved position, unclamped the bolt of channel-section steel and the connection of bottom square steel, removed
Channel-section steel, is then hung to precalculated position, and bottom square steel is fallen into groove；
6) all bolts are unclamped, steelframe is separated with bottom square steel, and bottom square steel is extracted out along groove, completes upper frame contracting
The lifting of chi structural model.
A kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental system, including native case and upper frame reduced scale structural model；In native case
Wall internal layer adopts thickness for the rubber film of 0.8mm, and is affixed on tank wall inner surface with foamed glue；It is pasted with native rubber membranous wall
3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plates, size is identical with the wall box framework of native case；The soil body is filled with native case；In the soil body
Between prepare and be formed with simulation ground fissure, the mixture of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix is filled in ground fissure；In mixture, carefully
Flour sand particle diameter chooses below 2mm, and husky and white lime the mass ratio of fine powder is 2:1；Three layers of acceleration transducer are disposed with the soil body,
Interlamellar spacing is more than 200mm, and it is intensive that ground fissure both sides are arranged, near the loose of soil case both sides arrangement；Native box outer wall is provided with and adds
Speedometer and displacement meter；Soil body top is provided with upper frame reduced scale structural model, upper frame reduced scale structural model totally three across, in
Between one across across ground fissure.
Further, pre-buried acceleration transducer carries out water-proofing treatment：Using cube lucite box to acceleration
Sensor carries out water-proofing treatment, by calculating the cube glass case length of side so that acceleration transducer and lucite box
Global density be equal to bury position soil body density, acceleration transducer is fixed on cube lucite cassette bottom using bolt
Portion, to ensure that acceleration transducer correctly experiences the vibration of measured body, is then sealed in cube lucite box with silica gel,
Finally cube lucite box is wrapped up with preservative film；Scene the mode of excavation and filling is adopted when laying acceleration transducer with
Prevent it from inclining or shifting.
The present invention adopts shear model soil case simulation ground fissure place step to reserve for the plank initially with thickness for 2cm
Hidden ground fissure belts position, surrounding soil carries out placement in layers, compacting, Ran Houqu by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement
Go out the mixture that plank fills Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position, and carry out embedding sensing according to design height
Device, while considering the water-proofing treatment of pre-buried acceleration transducer and burying, finally fills until reaching design height successively repeatedly.
Further, native chamber interior wall internal layer adopt thickness for 0.8mm rubber film, and be affixed on table in tank wall with foamed glue
Face.On the one hand spilling for soil can be prevented, while can be with the moisture content of the soil body in control cabinet.Native chamber interior wall outer tire layer 3cm
Thick polystyrol plastic foam plate, size is identical with wall box framework；Paste rubber membrane and plastic foamboard is greatly reduced
Boundary effect, while detrusion of the device to soil is not almost constrained, thus energy preferably simulation soil is in free survey stations
Vibration deformation.
Further, before banketing, the soil body gathered near Ground Fissures In Xian, China f4 is carried out being packed after drying is sieved first,
And measure its moisture content.Because volume is fixed after single-layer model rammed earth, according to the parameter of each layer soil body in place, can calculate
Make soil body weight and moisture content needed for soil per layer model.Weighing soil sample of sieve according still further to aequum, while calculate reaching
Institute's water requirement during model clay moisture content, after uniformly being sprayed with watering can by meet the requirement of moisture content.
Further, in pre- compacting soil body surface laying plank, then tamping operation is carried out using tamping machine, reduces electrorammer to soil
The direct impulsive force of body, per layer is tamped to predetermined altitude, by soil body surface plucking, to promote the bonding of levels.
Further, soil body measuring point in bottom should be carried out according to the thinking of the acceleration change of monitoring ground fissure both sides.Plus
Speedometer integrally divides three layers of laying, and to measure the acceleration response of soil body differing heights, every layer of accelerometer is along direction of vibration
Midline position arranged for interval, and the hidden ground fissure belts arrangement of acceleration meter encryption nearby.Additionally should near native chamber interior wall cloth
If accelerometer is verifying the boundary effect of native case.Native box outer wall should also arrange accelerometer and displacement meter, and the native case of measurement is different
Highly locate the Changing Pattern of acceleration and displacement.
Further, accelerometer need to be embedded in model clay, and the water of model clay can prevent accelerometer from normal work
Make.In addition accelerometer is made up of metal material, and its density may be coupled with soil in process of the test and shaken much larger than the density of soil
It is dynamic, the accuracy of test data is affected, therefore it should be reequiped on request.This test is added using cube lucite box pair
Speedometer carries out water-proofing treatment, by calculating the cube glass case length of side so that accelerometer and lucite box it is whole
Volume density is equal to model clay volume density.Accelerometer is fixed on capsule bottom with bolt, to ensure that sensor correctly experiences quilt
The vibration of measurement body, is then sealed capsule with silica gel, finally lucite box is wrapped up with preservative film guaranteeing that it is prevented
Water effect.The mode of excavation and filling is adopted when laying accelerometer at the scene to prevent it from inclining or shifting.
The present invention is with 1:15 reduced scale sets up frame superstructure model step including frame models reinforcing bar
Make and install, concrete is poured and vibrated, the peace of template tear open and sensor and foil gauge arrangement.
Further, prototype structure size is 18.3m (length) × 15.9m (width) × 18m (height), and the size likelihood ratio is 1:
15, be computed after reduced scale model be sized to 1220mm × 1060mmx1200mm, totally three across pillar cross dimension
For 27mm × 33mm (KZ-1) and 33 × 33mm (KZ-2), plate thickness is respectively 10mm, and pillar and beam steel protective layer thickness are equal
For 2mm, the protective layer of plate is 1mm, and beam column main rib is simulated using #14 or #16 galvanized wires, stirrup with #20 galvanized wires come
Simulation, and simulate C30 concrete in prototype with M6 microconcretes.
Further, on the one hand lead to not consolidate using the method for colligation because the galvanized wire of stirrup employing is too thin
It is scheduled on lengthways main steel bar, on the other hand, if using the method for colligation stirrup, the protective layer (2mm) of beam column component cannot ensure,
Later stage casting concrete easily reveals muscle or causes steel reinforcement cage to distort.Through repetition test, the present invention is making beam column steel reinforcement cage
When employ the method that tin wire bond connects.Tin wire bond has the advantage that tin wire bonds first are little, it is ensured that protective layer thickness；Its
Secondary soldering effect is good, difficult for drop-off, can simulate the effect of assembling reinforcement, in addition in welding process, only need to fix cage bar
Position, during welding stirrup cage bar will not be disturbed, and the steel reinforcement cage shape being finally molded is regular.Before making steel reinforcement cage, make first solid
Determine cage bar mould (plank), fixation is penetrated according to the punching of cage bar position and by cage bar on plank, then again by the hoop made
Muscle penetrates welding.
Further, every laminate configuration additional bob-weight 32Kg of structure.
The installation process step of ground fissure place of the present invention and frame superstructure is first by the work of bottom four of suspension bracket
Dynamic square steel is laid on the pre- formwork supporting plate of isolated footing, after the completion of completing to pour and conserve etc. total concrete, is adopted
High-strength bolt tightens up suspension bracket upper and lower, is lifted.After lifting operation is completed, bolt is unclamped, on suspension bracket
Under be partially separated, by bottom square steel extract out.
Further, in order to preferably reflect dynamic response of across the ground cleave crack structure under geological process, model structure is adopted
With isolated footing, therefore model lower part cannot arrange rigid base, and this external structure reduced scale is 1:15, structural elements is carried
It is limited in one's ability, it is impossible to suspension centre is set with structure, therefore this experiment employs outside suspension bracket to complete hanging for model structure
Dress work.Hanger structure be bottom be four 50mm square steel tubes (hereinafter referred to as square steel), the suspension bracket that top is welded for square steel,
It is furnished with four suspension centres.The square steel of bottom four and top suspension bracket are connected using high-strength bolt.
Relative to prior art, the invention has the advantages that：The present invention provides a kind frame structure across ground
Crack experimental system and method, solve well and how to simulate ground fissure place, how to make small-scale structure model steel bar cage
The how problem of the frame structure of hanging belt isolated footing；For ground fissure place that is later weaker in activity or tending towards stability
Build general building and reliable basis are provided.The present invention also analyzes superstructure and the collective effect with ground fissure soil, more
The good destruction situation that have studied ground fissure.The collective effect experimental study method of special place framework isolated footing structure is carried
Go out new Research Thinking.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of frame structure of the invention across experiment sensor layout drawing in ground fissure experimental system；
Fig. 2 is per layer of each pin deck foil gauge layout drawing；
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 d are model post arrangement of reinforcement；Wherein, Fig. 3 a are the artwork of KZ-1, and Fig. 3 b are the scaled model of KZ-1；Figure
3c is the artwork of KZ-2, and Fig. 3 d are the scaled model of KZ-2；
Fig. 4 is model criteria layer beam arrangement of reinforcement；
Fig. 5 is steel reinforcement cage schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is hanger structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation on the top of suspension bracket；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the channel-section steel of suspension bracket；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the bottom both sides square steel of suspension bracket；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of square steel in the middle of the bottom of suspension bracket.
1- accelerometers, 2- displacement meters, 3- soil casees, 4- plastic plates, 5- ground fissures, 6- foil gauges, 7- indulges muscle, 8- stirrups,
9- tin wire bonds；11- steelframes, 12- bottoms square steel, 13- suspension hooks, 14- channel-section steels, 15- bolts hole.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention will be further described in detail.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of frame structure of the invention crosses over ground fissure experimental system, including native case 3 and upper box
Frame reduced scale structural model.
The inwall internal layer of native case 3 adopts thickness for the rubber film of 0.8mm, and is affixed on tank wall inner surface with foamed glue.In soil
Case rubber membranous wall pastes 3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plates 4, and size is identical with the wall box framework of native case 3.In native case 3
Filled with the soil body gathered near ground fissure to be studied；Prepare to form simulation ground fissure, ground by the plank of 2cm in the middle of the soil body
Mixture (fine silt particle diameter selection below 2mm, fine powder sand and the white lime of Extra-fine sand and white lime mix are filled in crack
Mass ratio be 2:1)；Be disposed with three layers of acceleration transducer in the soil body, interlamellar spacing is more than 200mm, every layer of accelerometer along
Direction of vibration midline position arranged for interval, and the hidden ground fissure belts arrangement of acceleration meter encryption nearby.Additionally, attached in native chamber interior wall
It is near to lay accelerometer to verify the boundary effect of native case.Native box outer wall is also provided with accelerometer and displacement meter, and the native case of measurement is not
With acceleration and the Changing Pattern of displacement at height.Soil body top is provided with upper frame reduced scale structural model, upper frame reduced scale
Structural model is totally three across middle one across across ground fissure.Pre-buried acceleration transducer carries out water-proofing treatment：Had using cube
Machine glass case carries out water-proofing treatment to acceleration transducer, by calculating the cube glass case length of side so that acceleration is passed
The global density of sensor and lucite box is equal to and buries position soil body density, acceleration transducer is fixed on using bolt vertical
Cube lucite cassette bottom portion, to ensure that acceleration transducer correctly experiences the vibration of measured body, then with silica gel general cube
Body lucite box is sealed, and finally cube lucite box is wrapped up with preservative film；Lay acceleration transducer in scene
The mode of Shi Caiyong excavation and fillings with prevent its incline or shift.
A kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, specifically includes following steps：
(1) using shear model soil case simulation ground fissure place：It is reserved in native case 3 for the plank of 2cm initially with thickness
Hidden ground fissure belts position, surrounding soil carries out placement in layers, compacting, Ran Houqu by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement
Go out mixture (fine silt particle diameter selection below 2mm, fine powder that plank fills Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position
The mass ratio of husky and white lime is 2:1.Purpose is in order to approximately meet the mechanical characteristics of the ground fissure soil body；Meanwhile, mixture of white is ripe
Lime can observe crack developing tendency, and certain effect is played on experimental observation), to pre-buried acceleration while embedding sensor
Degree sensor carries out water-proofing treatment, finally fills repeatedly until reaching design height successively.
(1.1) the native inwall internal layer of case 3 adopt thickness for 0.8mm rubber film, and be affixed on tank wall inner surface with foamed glue.
On the one hand spilling for soil can be prevented, while can be with the moisture content of the soil body in control cabinet.It is thick 3cm to be pasted in native case rubber membranous wall
Polystyrol plastic foam plate 4, size is identical with the wall box framework of native case 3；Stickup rubber membrane and plastic foamboard are significantly
Boundary effect is reduced, while detrusion of the device to soil is not almost constrained, thus energy preferably simulation soil is in freedom
The vibration deformation in place.
(12) before banketing, the soil body gathered near Ground Fissures In Xian, China f4 is carried out being packed after drying is sieved first, and is surveyed
Obtain its moisture content.Because volume is fixed after single-layer model rammed earth, according to the parameter of each layer soil body in place, per layer of making is calculated
Soil body weight and moisture content needed for model clay.Weighing soil sample of sieve according still further to aequum, contain while calculating and reaching model clay
Institute's water requirement during water rate, after uniformly being sprayed with watering can by meet the requirement of moisture content.
(13) step is tamped：In pre- compacting soil body surface laying plank, then tamping operation is carried out using tamping machine, reduce electrorammer
Direct impulsive force to the soil body, after per layer of compacting, by soil body surface plucking, to promote the bonding of levels.
(14) sensor arrangement：Bottom soil body measuring point should enter according to the thinking of the acceleration change of monitoring ground fissure both sides
OK：It is intensive that ground fissure both sides are arranged, near the loose of soil case both sides arrangement.Accelerometer integrally divides three layers of laying, acceleration
Meter layered arrangement is highly more than 200mm, and to measure the acceleration response of soil body differing heights, every layer of accelerometer is along vibration side
The arrangement of acceleration meter encryption nearby of location interval arrangement, and hidden ground fissure belts to the midline.Additionally, laying near native chamber interior wall
Accelerometer is verifying the boundary effect of native case.Native box outer wall is also provided with accelerometer and displacement meter, the native case differing heights of measurement
Place's acceleration and the Changing Pattern of displacement.
(15) water-proofing treatment of pre-buried acceleration transducer and embedded：Accelerometer 1 need to be embedded in model clay, model clay
Water can cause accelerometer cisco unity malfunction.In addition accelerometer is made up of metal material, and its density is close much larger than soil
Degree, the accuracy of test data may be affected in process of the test with native coupled vibrations, therefore it should be reequiped on request.
This pilot system carries out water-proofing treatment using cube lucite box to accelerometer 1, by calculating cube glass
The box length of side so that the global density of accelerometer and lucite box is equal to model clay volume density.Accelerometer is consolidated with bolt
Cube glass case bottom is scheduled on, to ensure that sensor correctly experiences the vibration of measured body, then with silica gel by cube glass
Glass box is sealed, finally with preservative film to having cube glass case to be wrapped up to guarantee its waterproof effect.Lay at the scene and accelerate
Degree timing adopts the mode of excavation and filling to prevent it from inclining or shifting.
(2) with 1:15 reduced scale sets up upper frame reduced scale structural model：The making of frame models reinforcing bar and
Install, concrete is poured and vibrated, the peace of template tear open and sensor and foil gauge arrangement.Per layer of foil gauge each pin deck
All arrange, as shown in Figure 2.
(21) prototype frame superstructure size is 18.3m (length) × 15.9m (width) × 18m (height), and totally three across with 1:15
Ratio reduced scale, as shown in Figure 3,4, is computed obtaining model after reduced scale, and it is sized to 1220mm (length) × 1060mm (width)
X1200mm (height), pillar cross dimension is 27mm × 33mm (KZ-1) and 33 × 33mm (KZ-2), and plate thickness is respectively
10mm, pillar and beam steel protective layer thickness are 2mm, and the protective layer of plate is 1mm, and beam column main rib adopts #14 or #16 galvanized iron
Silk simulating, with #20 galvanized wires simulated by stirrup, and with C30 concrete in M6 microconcretes simulation prototype.
(22) in upper frame reduced scale structural model steel reinforcement cage making：Before making steel reinforcement cage, fixed cage bar is made first
Mould (plank), punches according to cage bar position on plank and cage bar is penetrated into fixation, then again penetrates the stirrup made
Welding, as shown in Figure 5.The present invention employs the method that tin wire bond connects when beam column steel reinforcement cage is made, because adopting in stirrup
Galvanized wire is too thin, leads to not be fixed on lengthways main steel bar using the method for colligation, and if using colligation stirrup
Method, the protective layer (2mm) of beam column component cannot ensure that later stage casting concrete easily reveals muscle or causes steel reinforcement cage to be turned round
It is bent.Tin wire bond has the advantage that tin wire bonds first are little, it is ensured that protective layer thickness；Secondly soldering effect is good, is difficult to take off
Fall, the effect of assembling reinforcement can be simulated, in addition in welding process, need to only fix cage bar position, will not during welding stirrup
Disturbance cage bar, the steel reinforcement cage shape being finally molded is regular.
(23) the every laminate in structure configures additional bob-weight 32Kg.
(3) installation process of place and frame superstructure：Upper frame reduced scale structural model is lifted using suspension bracket；First
The square steel of four activities in bottom of suspension bracket is laid on the pre- formwork supporting plate of isolated footing, upper frame reduced scale structural model is waited
After the completion of total concrete completes to pour and conserve, suspension bracket upper and lower is tightened up using high-strength bolt, entered
Row lifting.After lifting operation is completed, bolt is unclamped, suspension bracket top and the bottom separate, be by the extraction of bottom square steel.After lifting, on
Portion's base of frame is buried in the earth, and depth presses the determination of Practical Project length of embedment reduced scale, about 15cm.
(31) in order to preferably reflect dynamic response of across the ground cleave crack structure under geological process, model structure is employed solely
Vertical basis, therefore model lower part cannot arrange rigid base, this external structure reduced scale is 1:15, structural elements bearing capacity has
Limit, it is impossible to suspension centre is set with structure, it is therefore necessary to be considered as other devices to complete the lifting work of structure.This
Bright to employ outside suspension bracket to complete the lifting work of model structure, bottom is four 50mm square steel tubes (hereinafter referred to as square steel) portions
For the suspension bracket that square steel is welded, it are furnished with four suspension centres.The square steel of bottom four and top suspension bracket are connected using high-strength bolt.
Refer to shown in Fig. 6 to Figure 10, suspension bracket, including steelframe 11, bottom square steel 12 and channel-section steel 14.
The top of steelframe 11 is the rectangle frame being welded by four square steel, and four summits of rectangle frame are respectively perpendicular to square
Shape frame face bonding is connected to four square steel straight down, and the bottom of steelframe 11 is two square steel parallel to each other, is respectively welded on a pair
Between the bottom termination of the square steel of rectangle frame plane.It is equidistant on two square steel of the bottom of steelframe 11 to be provided with some spiral shells
Keyhole；Bottom square steel 12 is vertically fixed between two square steel of the bottom of steelframe 11 by bolt；Two notches of channel-section steel 14 are upwards
Respectively the lower surface of bottom square steel 12 of the bottom both sides of steelframe 11 is installed on by bolt.Set on the top rectangle frame of steelframe 1
It is equipped with some suspension hooks.The axis of bottom square steel 12 distance is equal to each column isolated footing axis distance.
The quantity of bottom square steel 12 is relevant with the span of model structure.This model structure from be 3 × 3 across framework knot
Structure, there is 4 row isolated footings, so from four square steel.
Hanging method, comprises the following steps：
1) two channel-section steels 14 are respectively arranged in two bottoms of bottom square steel 12 and using two bolt connections；
2) bottom square steel 12 is laid under the prefab-form of the isolated footing of upper frame reduced scale structural model, there is channel-section steel
Two bottom square steel 12 of 14 connections are placed on the both sides of bottom square steel 12 without channel-section steel connection；
3) after the completion of the concrete of whole upper frame reduced scale structural model completes to pour and conserve, steelframe 11 is hung on earth
The top of portion's square steel 12, it is with bolts；
4) digging groove in native case, groove number is identical with suspension bracket bottom 12 quantity of square steel；Spacing between groove is equal to
Spacing between bottom square steel 12；
5) lifted, when hanging higher than 50 centimeters directly over grooved position, unclamp channel-section steel 14 and bottom square steel 12 connects
Bolt, remove channel-section steel 14, be then hung to precalculated position, bottom square steel 12 is fallen into groove；
6) all bolts are unclamped, steelframe is separated with bottom square steel 12, and bottom square steel 12 is extracted out along groove；Complete upper box
The lifting of frame reduced scale structural model；Groove width must be more than isolated footing width 10mm.
Experiment implementation process：The present invention, to input exciting, divides from small to large seven grades to be loaded using X, before per grade of loading
Adopt amplitude carries out frequency sweep test, the change of the dynamic characteristics of observing and nursing system for the white noise of 0.05g.Along vertical during experiment
Straight ground fissure direction input exciting, temporally the likelihood ratio is converted when seismic wave is held.Test objective of the invention and field
The seismic input wave of El-Centro ripples, river oil ripple and basement rock ripple shaketalle test is chosen in ground classification, this test.
Above-described embodiment technology design only to illustrate the invention and feature, its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar will appreciate that present disclosure and implement according to this, can not be limited the scope of the invention with this, all according to the present invention
Equivalence changes or modification that Spirit Essence is made, all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) using shear model soil case simulation ground fissure place：Hidden ground fissure belts position, week are reserved in native case initially with plank
Enclose soil is carried out placement in layers, is tamped and be layered embedding sensor by the compaction rate and severe of actual formation soil property requirement, then
The mixture that plank fills Extra-fine sand and white lime mix at its position is taken out, and carrys out embedding acceleration according to design height
Degree sensor；
(2) upper frame reduced scale structural model is set up, and each pin deck arranges foil gauge at per layer of model；
(3) upper frame reduced scale structural model is lifted into native case；Upper frame reduced scale structural model bottom is buried in the earth；On
Framework reduced scale structural model in portion is totally three across middle one across across ground fissure.
2. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, it is characterised in that in step (1)
Native chamber interior wall internal layer adopts thickness for the rubber film of 0.8mm, and is affixed on the tank wall inner surface of native case with foamed glue；Native case rubber
Membranous wall pastes 3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plates, and size is identical with the wall box framework of native case.
3. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, it is characterised in that in step (1)
Before banketing, the soil body gathered near ground fissure to be studied is carried out being packed after drying is sieved first, and measure its moisture content, in
Volume is fixed after single-layer model rammed earth, according to the parameter of each layer soil body in place, calculates the soil body needed for the every layer model soil of making
Weight and moisture content, weighing soil sample of sieve according to aequum, while institute's water requirement when reaching model clay moisture content is calculated,
Meeting the requirement of moisture content after uniformly being sprayed with watering can；Compacting in step (1) is in pre- compacting soil body surface laying
Plank, then tamping operation is carried out using tamping machine, per layer is tamped to predetermined altitude, by soil body surface plucking, to promote levels
Bonding.
4. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, it is characterised in that in step (1)
Acceleration transducer is arranged：Accelerometer integrally divides three layers of laying, every layer of accelerometer to be spaced along direction of vibration midline position
Arrangement, and ground fissure both sides arrangement is intensive, near the loose of soil case both sides arrangement；Native box outer wall be also provided with accelerometer and
Displacement meter.
5. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, it is characterised in that in step (1)
Pre-buried acceleration transducer carries out water-proofing treatment：Acceleration transducer is carried out at waterproof using cube lucite box
Reason, by calculating the cube glass case length of side so that the global density of acceleration transducer and lucite box is equal to institute
Position soil body density is buried, acceleration transducer cube lucite cassette bottom portion is fixed on using bolt, to ensure acceleration
Sensor correctly experiences the vibration of measured body, is then sealed in cube lucite box with silica gel, finally with preservative film pair
Cube lucite box is wrapped up；Scene the mode of excavation and filling is adopted when laying acceleration transducer preventing it from inclining or
Displacement.
6. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, it is characterised in that in step (2)
With 1:15 ratio reduced scales set up upper frame reduced scale structural model；Adopt in step (3) suspension bracket will in step (2) with 1:15 ratios
The upper frame scaled model that example is set up is lifted into native case.
7. a kind of frame structure according to claim 6 crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, it is characterised in that suspension bracket includes steel
Frame (11), bottom square steel (12) and channel-section steel (14)；The top of steelframe (11) is the rectangle frame being welded by four square steel, rectangle
Four summits of frame are respectively perpendicular to rectangle frame face bonding and are connected to four square steel straight down, and the bottom of steelframe (11) is two
Square steel parallel to each other, is respectively welded between the termination of a pair square steel perpendicular to rectangle frame plane；Two of steelframe (11) bottom
It is equidistant on square steel to be provided with some bolts hole (15)；Some bottom square steel (12) are vertically fixed on steelframe (11) bottom by bolt
Between two square steel at end；Two channel-section steel (14) notches upwards respectively the bottom both sides of steelframe (11) are installed on by bolt
The lower surface of bottom square steel (12)；Some suspension hooks are provided with the top rectangle frame of steelframe (11)；Bottom square steel (12) axis
Distance is equal to by lifting each column isolated footing axis distance.
8. a kind of frame structure according to claim 7 crosses over ground fissure experimental technique, it is characterised in that the concrete bag of lifting
Include following steps：
1) two channel-section steels (14) are respectively arranged in two bottom square steel (12) bottoms and with bolts；
2) bottom square steel (12) is laid under the prefab-form of the isolated footing of upper frame reduced scale structural model, there is channel-section steel
(14) two bottom square steel (12) of connection are placed on bottom square steel (12) both sides without channel-section steel connection；
3) after the completion of the concrete of whole upper frame reduced scale structural model completes to pour and conserve, steelframe (11) is hung to bottom
Square steel (12) top, it is with bolts；
4) digging groove in native case, groove number is identical with suspension bracket bottom square steel (12) quantity；Spacing between groove is equal to bottom
Spacing between portion's square steel (12)；
5) lifted, when hanging higher than directly over grooved position, unclamped the bolt of channel-section steel (14) and bottom square steel (12) connection,
Channel-section steel (14) is removed, precalculated position is then hung to, during bottom square steel (12) falls into groove；
6) all bolts are unclamped, steelframe is separated with bottom square steel (12), and bottom square steel (12) is extracted out along groove, completes upper box
The lifting of frame reduced scale structural model.
9. a kind of frame structure crosses over ground fissure experimental system, it is characterised in that including native case (3) and upper frame reduced scale structure
Model；Native case (3) inwall internal layer adopts thickness for the rubber film of 0.8mm, and is affixed on tank wall inner surface with foamed glue；Native rubber
3cm thickness polystyrol plastic foam plate (4) is pasted with membranous wall, size is identical with the wall box framework of native case (3)；Native case
(3) soil body is filled with；Soil body middle preparation is formed with simulation ground fissure, fill Extra-fine sand and white lime mix in ground fissure and
Into mixture；In mixture, fine silt particle diameter chooses below 2mm, and husky and white lime the mass ratio of fine powder is 2:1；In the soil body
Three layers of acceleration transducer are disposed with, interlamellar spacing is more than 200mm, intensive, the close soil case both sides arrangement of ground fissure both sides arrangement
It is loose；Native box outer wall is provided with accelerometer and displacement meter；Soil body top is provided with upper frame reduced scale structural model, upper box
Frame reduced scale structural model is totally three across middle one across across ground fissure.
10. a kind of frame structure according to claim 1 crosses over ground fissure experimental system, it is characterised in that pre-buried adds
Velocity sensor carries out water-proofing treatment：Water-proofing treatment is carried out to acceleration transducer using cube lucite box, by meter
Calculation draws the cube glass case length of side so that the global density of acceleration transducer and lucite box is equal to and buries the position soil body
Density, is fixed on cube lucite cassette bottom portion, to ensure that acceleration transducer is correct using bolt acceleration transducer
Experience the vibration of measured body, then sealed in cube lucite box with silica gel, it is finally organic to cube with preservative film
Glass case is wrapped up；Scene adopts the mode of excavation and filling to prevent it from inclining or shifting when laying acceleration transducer.
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| CN107764492A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-06 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of model test method and system of research framework structural vibration response feature |
| CN108535451A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It a kind of box culvert-type subway station and closes on surface infrastructure and crosses over ground fissure experimental system and method |
| CN109765021A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-05-17 | 上海市政交通设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of quality compensation method for precast assembly bridge pier Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior |
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| CN108535451A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-14 | 西安建筑科技大学 | It a kind of box culvert-type subway station and closes on surface infrastructure and crosses over ground fissure experimental system and method |
| CN108535451B (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2023-05-02 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Box culvert type subway station and ground crack crossing experiment system and method for adjacent surface structures |
| CN109765021A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-05-17 | 上海市政交通设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of quality compensation method for precast assembly bridge pier Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior |
| CN110031607A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-19 | 南昌大学 | The experimental rig that a kind of crack progressing and preferential stream are formed |
| CN111707431A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-09-25 | 清华大学 | Device and method for testing explosion-proof shock wave performance of cabin protection structure |
| CN111707431B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-06-11 | 清华大学 | Device and method for testing explosion-proof shock wave performance of cabin protection structure |
| CN112924649A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-08 | 四川农业大学 | Landslide model horizontal acceleration amplification coefficient testing method |
| CN115584753A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-10 | 中建二局第三建筑工程有限公司 | Foundation structure for spanning rock cracks and construction method thereof |
| CN115584753B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-03-31 | 中建二局第三建筑工程有限公司 | Foundation structure for spanning rock cracks and construction method thereof |
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