CN1066439A - Nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops - Google Patents
Nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1066439A CN1066439A CN 92104017 CN92104017A CN1066439A CN 1066439 A CN1066439 A CN 1066439A CN 92104017 CN92104017 CN 92104017 CN 92104017 A CN92104017 A CN 92104017A CN 1066439 A CN1066439 A CN 1066439A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- phosphorus
- humic acid
- potassium
- granulated fertilizer
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops.It is the granule type fertilizer made by three layers of parcel, outer by mineral colloid, organic colloid and composite gel as packing, the middle layer is that inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, core layer are organonitrogen, phosphorus and a spot of potassium oxide.Advantage of the present invention is the bag tegillum water stability that increases granulated fertilizer, has semipermeability, granulated fertilizer is slowly discharged; Form difference because of each layer nutritive ingredient again, coordinate to discharge nutritive element, can satisfy the demand of crop growth different times, for increasing crop yield is laid a good foundation to phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium in different steps.
Description
The invention belongs to farm crop fertilizer class.Particularly belonging to can be according to the demand of crop growthing development stage to nitrogen, phosphorus, and has the novel organic and inorganic long-acting coated fertilizer of coordinating deliverability.
Farm crop have several different developmental phases from planting receipts, and the demand of each stage to main nutrient elements nitrogen, phosphorus has nothing in common with each other.Existing fertilizer variety is a lot: simple substance fertilizer, composite fertilizer, long-acting fertilizer, coat fertilizer, crop fertilizer etc. are arranged.They have all improved fertilizer utilization ratio and the required nutritive element of supply crop growth to some extent.People have the performance of slow release in order to make fertilizer, wrap by granular chemical fertilizer as coating with polyethylene, paraffin wax, sulphur etc., have just reduced the volatilization and the loss of ammonia as coating nitrogenous fertilizer, improve utilization rate of fertilizer.
The objective of the invention is to produce a kind of according to the farm crop different developmental phases to the demand of nitrogen, phosphoric and the novel organic and inorganic long-acting coated fertilizer that self can coordinate to supply, this fertilizer can satisfy the demand of crop growthing development different steps to nitrogen phosphorus potassium, for volume increase lays the foundation, and fertilizer efficiency and fertilizer utilization ratio have been improved.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The present invention is that skin is by mineral colloid by three layers of naked granule type fertilizer of making of bag, and organic colloid and composite gel are as the bag quilt, and the middle layer is an inorganic nitrogen phosphorus, and core layer is organonitrogen phosphorus and a spot of potassium oxide.Its manufacturing step is as follows:
1, calcium superphosphate and the weathering coal dust composting with equivalent forms humic acid phosphorus ammonium.
Calcium superphosphate: Ca(H
2PO
4)
2H
2O(wherein contains P
2O
516%)
CaSO
4·2H
2O 50%
Free acid (H
2SO
4H
3PO
4) 3.5～5.5%
Contain 15～20% humic acid in the weathering coal dust.It is present in the weathered coal with yellow, brown calcium humate kenel.Its simple mode is:
Calcium superphosphate and weathered coal form ammonium humate in two steps:
The first step: the free acid reaction in calcium humate and the calcium superphosphate:
Second step: humic acid and calcium superphosphate reaction generate humic acid phosphorus ammonium.
Because yellow, brown humic acid all is an amphotytoid, positively charged under acidic conditions.
2, with the humic acid phosphorus ammonium for preparing, make the bead of the about 5mm of diameter earlier, add NH again
4HCO
3With the equal granulating on pan-type pelletizer of bead, and then with fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and brown humic acid bag quilt, weight ratio is a humic acid phosphorus ammonium: bicarbonate of ammonia: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate+brown humic acid three parts=30: 50: (19.8+0.2).
Owing to contain α-Ca in the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate composition
3(PO
4)
2P
2O
516%, Ca 25～30%, and MgO 5～10%, SiO
2About 40%, fineness is 80 orders.Bigger specific surface area and cementing power are arranged, and humic acid is an organic colloid in addition, and bigger agglomerating force is arranged, and has increased the water stability of fertilizer, and this fertilizer contains N 9.23%, P
2O
55.6%, K
2O 0.5%, yellow, brown humic acid 5%, total effective ingredient 20.35%.
Because various farm crop according to the nutrition that each layer also can be used or add to technical scheme of the present invention instead, comprise macronutrient and trace element to the requirement difference of nutritive element etc.Also can on certain one deck, add agriculture weedicide, plant stimulin and growth hormone according to crop disease, insect pest, weeds pests occurrence rule.
Characteristics of the present invention and advantage be, 1, the bag tegillum contains brown rot acid, increased fertilizer stability, and crop is had hormesis, increases output.2, the loss of the bicarbonate of ammonia in middle layer reduces, and can increase operation rate; 3, core layer contains humic acid phosphorus ammonium, thereby makes it have the advantages that to discharge required nutrient according to the crop etap.Increased the fertilizer reserve strength.The present invention should do base fertilizer, row replacement, it is all suitable to spread manuer in holes, and applied range is suitable for various kharifs, and effect is good especially in not protecting fertile husky loamy texture soil.When also being specially adapted to rice transplanting along the seedling row replacement.
Further specify below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Accompanying drawing 1, nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops synoptic diagram.
1-wraps tegillum (fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and brown rot acid)
2-middle layer (bicarbonate of ammonia)
3-core layer (humic acid phosphorus ammonium and potassium oxide)
In fact the bag tegillum of fertilizer is to exist with the silica gel form, makes granulated fertilizer have extremely strong water stability, and brown rot acid calcium also is a kind of extremely strong water-stable granule flocculation agent, can form organic, inorganic compounding colloid with silica gel, has more strengthened the water stability of granulated fertilizer.Because the bag tegillum has semipermeability, moisture is infiltrated in the granulated fertilizer again, and because the humic acid phosphorus ammonium of core layer has very strong suction force, so can reduce the water ratio of bicarbonate of ammonia.Phosphorus in the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is α-Ca
3(PO
4)
2, it must work in acidic medium, when granulated fertilizer just was manured into soil, acidic medium was few, the paddy field organic matter is to dislike gas to decompose, and can only produce reducing substance and minute quantity butyric acid, thus rice transplanting to a couple of days in the stage of turning green, granulated fertilizer is reactionless substantially.(2) after rice seedling is turned green, the root system respiration effect begins to discharge CO
2, output increases with the seedling growth amount.Its reaction is as follows:
Find out that from above five reactions the many nitrogen of the phosphorus that discharges are few, just in time meet paddy rice by nourishing and growing to the required phosphate fertilizer of reproductive growth; Because the protection of granulated fertilizer bag tegillum glued membrane and farm crop discharge CO
2Ability, fertilizer can only be breathed the strong and weak branch of coordinating to support with crop lentamente.The NH that produces
4MgPO
4, H
3PO
4, NH
+
4Three kinds of nutritive substances all can absorb for crop; Rice shoot is discharged CO
2Can produce NH
4MgPO
4, H
3PO
4, NH
+
4, rice shoot can better be grown again after absorbing molecular state or ionic state nutritive element, discharges more CO
2, produce more NH
4MgPO
4, form benign cycle between rice shoot and the fertilizer.(3) rice seedling was turned green back 6～10 days, reached a climax, and at this moment rice shoot will be tillered, and rice shoot needs facing Jie's phase of phosphate fertilizer just, needed a large amount of phosphorus, granulated fertilizer constantly produce NH
4MgPO
4Can satisfy the demand of rice shoot, this just haves laid a good foundation for increasing production of rice.After rice tillering arrived to a certain degree, in order to prevent ineffective tillering, people wanted the draining dry field, and the root system of plant respiratory capacity significantly reduces under drying regime, CO
2Lack of water does not form H yet
2CO
3, granulated fertilizer stops to discharge nutrient.(4) dry field finishes, the field discharge water or moisture state under, paddy rice enters the joint stage of dialling, and has recovered the benign cycle of above-mentioned five reactions between rice shoot and the granulated fertilizer again.Find out from the weight proportion of above technical scheme that phosphorus is less and nitrogen is more, so the 5th reaction of this stage is comparatively strong, the nitrogenous fertilizer of release is many, and this can satisfy paddy rice and dial the climax that joint requires nitrogenous fertilizer, that is to say, this moment granulated fertilizer middle layer NH
4HCO
3Release has played effect.(5) when granulated fertilizer discharges 50～60 days, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and carbon ammonium just discharge and finish, at this moment organic colloid about 3mm and mineral colloid in soil by physics, the chemistry particularly microbiological degradation, the bag tegillum fades away, and core layer is exposed to outside the continuation and discharges, and this moment is ear differentiation and bag tire booting stage just in time, carry out reproductive growth, need a large amount of phosphate fertilizer,, can satisfy second the demand climax of paddy rice phosphate fertilizer because core layer is a humic acid phosphorus ammonium.The core layer main component of granulated fertilizer is a humic acid phosphorus ammonium, and wherein contained C: N is easy to by microbiological degradation between 10～15,
Also can be by H
2CO
3Displacement is (from root breath CO
2+ H
2O)
Find out that from above two formulas granulated fertilizer can satisfy second climax of paddy rice to the phosphoric needs.About about 80 days of the validity period of granulated fertilizer.
The invention has the advantages that: one, owing to three layers of different organic and inorganic fertilizer that forms, the term of validity is about 80 days in soil. The crop growth different times can be coordinated the releasing nutrients element, and former and later two need the phosphorus high-tide period to the needs of P elements to satisfy crops; Two, nitrogenous fertilizer continues slowly to discharge in 50～60 days, and, happiness temperature good wet the grow paddy rice of not stopping short to growth period has good action, the burst size of nitrogenous fertilizer plant growth interim front after many few also meet paddy rice need fertile before heavy rear light principle; Three, carbonic hydroammonium is that the intermediate layer is coated with by skin, and utilization rate is enhanced about more than once; Four, because adding humic acid and brown rot acid can stimulate plant growth, improve output, can increase the water stability of granulated fertilizer and the moisture content of minimizing carbonic hydroammonium; Five, the core layer at granulated fertilizer has humic acid phosphorus ammonium and contains 0.5% K2O plays important crop to plant growth, and especially late growth stage of rice has the potassium deficiency phenomenon, and a small amount of potassium plays an important role, and increases grain number per spike, subtracts few Blighted seed rate.
The invention process effect. 1, every mu of paddy rice fertilizer application amount and volume increase are compared with carbonic hydroammonium: every mu with 30～35 kilograms of 50 kilograms of general calcium of carbonic hydroammonium, invests about 25.5 yuan, with 45 kilograms in granulated fertilizer of the present invention, invests 22.5 yuan, and per kilogram is compared than equal nitrogen content, can increase production 3 kilograms in paddy rice. And in the paddy field, use and to improve carbon ammonium utilization rate more than one times. Use in the sand loam soil of fertilizer conservation not especially, the present invention more has good result. 2, in the cereal crops later stage, the peasant of most areas will be in the custom of crop spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the core layer of granulated fertilizer of the present invention contains P2O
5，K
2O just discharges in the booting bud tire phase, can cancel the program that the peasant is sprayed potassium dihydrogen phosphate, has alleviated peasant burden and investment, and therefore certain economic benefit and social benefit are arranged.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops that contains nutritive ingredients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humic acid, it is characterized in that, make outer bag quilt by mineral colloid, organic colloid and composite gel, the middle layer is inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, core layer is organonitrogen, phosphorus and small amounts potassium, wraps naked granule type fertilizer successively.
2, granulated fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, can be by following composition and proportioning manufacturing, make the bag tegillum with fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and brown humic acid, bicarbonate of ammonia is done the middle layer, and the humic acid phosphorus ammonium of the calcium superphosphate of equivalent and weathering pulverized coal preparation adds 0.5% potassium oxide and makes core layer, trilaminar weight ratio is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and brown humic acid: bicarbonate of ammonia: humic acid phosphorus ammonium=(19.8+0.2): 50: 30.
3, granulated fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, needs to use, to add other nutritive element, trace element, plant hormone, growth hormone and diseases prevention worm, agricultural chemicals and weedicide at each layer of granulated fertilizer instead according to Different Crop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104017 CN1066439A (en) | 1992-05-17 | 1992-05-17 | Nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104017 CN1066439A (en) | 1992-05-17 | 1992-05-17 | Nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1066439A true CN1066439A (en) | 1992-11-25 |
Family
ID=4940574
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104017 Pending CN1066439A (en) | 1992-05-17 | 1992-05-17 | Nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1066439A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100340531C (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2007-10-03 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Double-control composite slow-release fertilizer and method for preparing same |
| CN100363311C (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2008-01-23 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for producing slow-release and release control fertilizer for tomatoes |
| CN100436381C (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2008-11-26 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer for winter wheat |
| CN100436382C (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2008-11-26 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer for summer corn |
| CN100494123C (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2009-06-03 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer for rice |
| CN101423444B (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2012-09-05 | 贵州大学 | High efficiency gradient dissolution and release fertilizer and production method |
| CN103130580A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-05 | 郑州大学 | Production method of urea sulfuric acid multi-nutrient functional compound fertilizer |
| CN105801254A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-27 | 山东植丰农化集团有限公司 | High-phosphate slow and controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106035322A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-26 | 广西南宁农事帮农业科技服务有限公司 | Controlled-release pesticide granules and preparation method therefor |
| CN106064977A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-11-02 | 广西南宁农事帮农业科技服务有限公司 | A kind of blending medicine containing sustained releasing pesticide granule is fertile |
-
1992
- 1992-05-17 CN CN 92104017 patent/CN1066439A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100436381C (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2008-11-26 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer for winter wheat |
| CN100436382C (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2008-11-26 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer for summer corn |
| CN100494123C (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2009-06-03 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer for rice |
| CN100363311C (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2008-01-23 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for producing slow-release and release control fertilizer for tomatoes |
| CN100340531C (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2007-10-03 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Double-control composite slow-release fertilizer and method for preparing same |
| CN101423444B (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2012-09-05 | 贵州大学 | High efficiency gradient dissolution and release fertilizer and production method |
| CN103130580A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-06-05 | 郑州大学 | Production method of urea sulfuric acid multi-nutrient functional compound fertilizer |
| CN103130580B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-04-02 | 郑州大学 | Production method of urea sulfuric acid multi-nutrient functional compound fertilizer |
| CN105801254A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-27 | 山东植丰农化集团有限公司 | High-phosphate slow and controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106035322A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-26 | 广西南宁农事帮农业科技服务有限公司 | Controlled-release pesticide granules and preparation method therefor |
| CN106064977A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-11-02 | 广西南宁农事帮农业科技服务有限公司 | A kind of blending medicine containing sustained releasing pesticide granule is fertile |
| CN106035322B (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2019-08-23 | 广西立可丰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of controlled release granular pesticide and preparation method thereof |
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