CN100340531C - Double-control composite slow-release fertilizer and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Double-control composite slow-release fertilizer and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN100340531C CN100340531C CNB2005100512509A CN200510051250A CN100340531C CN 100340531 C CN100340531 C CN 100340531C CN B2005100512509 A CNB2005100512509 A CN B2005100512509A CN 200510051250 A CN200510051250 A CN 200510051250A CN 100340531 C CN100340531 C CN 100340531C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses double-control composite slow-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The double-control composite slow-release fertilizer is prepared from raw materials of chemical fertilizers of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, weathered coal a humic acid cementing and linking material and a coating material by pulverization, filtration by a sieve with 60 to 70 meshes, mixing, granulation, drying, sieving and coating. The present invention adopts a measure that a slow-release fertilizer pack is used for slowly release the fertilizer, so that the slow-release effect of the fertilizer is enhanced and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased by 10% to 15%; nutrients are slowly released according to the fertilizer quantity required by crops so that the agricultural tilling operation can be simplified and the secondary pollution to the environment can be abated; the double-control composite slow-release fertilizer is an organic and inorganic composite slow-release fertilizer with multiple components and a plurality of functions. The present invention has the characteristics of simple preparation technology, easy operation, low productive investment, less production cost of the coating type slow-release fertilizer, wide source of raw materials, high mechanical strength of fertilizer granules (the mechanical strength is not less than 12N), no deliquescence, convenient transportation and fertilization, etc., and has a broad application prospect in the production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer and preparation method thereof, specifically, is organic composite slow release fertilizer of the glued double-cotrolled type of a kind of coating and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, the used coated fertilizer of enveloped slow release fertilizer of development mainly contains two classes both at home and abroad, and a class is organic high molecular polymer (a for example resin polyolefins), and the 2nd, the inorganic materials of slightly water-soluble or microsolubility (as sulphur, ground phosphate rock, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate etc.).The making of high polymer film-coated type slow release fertilizer needs special coating tower and solvent, and the coated fertilizer price is more expensive, and the production process cost is than higher, and coated fertilizer decomposes easily residual slowly in soil.But the controlled release properties of macromolecule polymeric material is relatively good.High polymer film-coated type slow release fertilizer is higher because of price, is used for garden crop, lawn, golf course and ornamental plant etc. more.The inorganic materials enveloped slow release fertilizer of slightly water-soluble or microsolubility can be with plain disk or drum granulating equipment making, and the production process cost is low, and the fertilizer price is low, but the controlled release properties of inorganic materials coating is relatively poor, and how not ideal enough the slow release effect of fertilizer is.
Another slow release fertilizer is that the chemical fertilizer that dissolubility is higher passes through effects such as bonding, gluing with the material that can reduce its dissolubility, and nutrient is slowly discharged, and is called the felted slow-release fertilizer material.The slow release effect of felted slow-release fertilizer material is also often not ideal enough.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of double-control composite slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following scheme:
A kind of double-control composite slow-release fertilizer, the inorganic controlled-release material parcel organic composite slow release fertilizer of organism agglutinating with slightly water-soluble or microsolubility, carry out coating and glued dual controlled release, through pulverizing the 60-70 mesh sieve, behind mixing, granulation, drying, screening, coating, make by following raw material:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material 50～70 weight parts
Glued bonding material 20～30 weight parts of weathered coal humic acids
Coated fertilizer 10～20 weight parts
Described nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material, nitrogen are urea, and phosphorus is monoammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate, and potassium is Repone K or vitriolate of tartar.According to Different Crop needs and fertilizer material nutrient content, take by weighing the chemical fertilizer raw material of pulverizing in proportion.
Described coated fertilizer is water microsolubility inorganic nutrients coated fertilizer or solubility in citric acid inorganic nutrients coated fertilizer.Wherein, the present invention uses divalent metal ammonium phosphate sylvite, ground phosphate rock or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate.
The preparation method of above-mentioned double-control composite slow-release fertilizer as shown in Figure 2, comprises following steps:
A. raw material mixes: with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material, the abundant mixing of the glued bonding material of weathered coal humic acids, and the water of adding raw material gross weight 8～12%, make this raw mix have certain humidity;
B. with raw mix granulation in pelletizing disks machine or rotary drum granulator of steps A gained;
C. the material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying;
D. will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses;
E. will be greater than 2mm less than adding entry microsolubility or solubility in citric acid inorganic nutrients coated fertilizer in the sub-granulating disc of the particle of 5mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
In mixing process, added water and the humidity that is reached do not need yet unnecessary measurement accurately, only need range estimation moistening, help granulation and get final product.
Technological core of the present invention is the inorganic controlled-release material parcel organic composite slow release fertilizer of organism agglutinating of utilization slightly water-soluble or microsolubility, carry out coating and glued dual controlled release, overcome the shortcoming of single inorganic materials coating or single glued controlled release properties difference, the nutrient controlled-release effect of the fertilizer of developing is strengthened greatly, and useful plain disk or drum granulating equipment can be made the fertilizer of high sustained release performance, have that cost is low, controlled-release effect is good, eco-friendly characteristics, be particularly useful for field crop.Inorganic coated fertilizer of the present invention mainly contains ground phosphate rock and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, divalent metal ammonium phosphate sylvite etc., glued slow-release material mainly contains the weathered coal humic acids material of slowly-releasing processing, and coating agglutinating chemical fertilizer mainly is common urea nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer and trace element fertilizer in other.
Principle of the present invention is as a kind of natural organic high molecular compound according to humic acid, contain C, H, O, N, element and aromatic protons such as S, acidic group, hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, quinonyl, methoxyl group isoreactivity group, these chemical functional groups have determined humic acid to have slightly acidic, wetting ability, ion exchangeable, complexing, oxidation-reduction quality and physiologically active etc., under certain condition can be by glued, bonding, hydrogen bond, chemical and the physical action of absorption and complexing etc. and other material are (as the moon, positively charged ion, little organic molecule etc.) combining forms more firm composite structure.After fully mixing reacts after humic acid and the common chemical fertilizer raw material pulverizing, be machined to particulate state with disk or drum granulating, this fertiliser granulates hardness is big, has certain slow-releasing, is a kind of multi-functional organic-inorganic composite fertilizer.In order to strengthen the sustained release performance of fertilizer, be core with this fertiliser granulates again, slightly water-soluble or microsolubility inorganic materials are that coated fertilizer carries out coating, have formed the glued double-cotrolled type composite slow release fertilizer of coating.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention adopts the measure of " with slow-release fertilizer bag slow-release fertilizer ", strengthened the slow release effect of fertilizer, improved utilization rate of fertilizer (10～15%), on nutrient, can need fertile slowly release by crop, in farming, can simplify agricultural operation, having reduced or remitted secondary environmental pollution, is the compound slow release fertilizer of a kind of multi-element multifunctional type organic-inorganic; Its manufacturing technology technology is simple, easy handling, and the production investment is low; reduced the production cost of film-coated and slow release fertilizer, and it is wide to have raw material sources, fertiliser granulates physical strength height (physical strength 〉=12N), deliquescence not; transport, use characteristics such as convenient, have a extensive future aborning.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a controlled release mechanism structure iron of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a preparation method's of the present invention main technique schematic flow sheet.
Among Fig. 1,1 is slowly-releasing nuclear, and 2 is release-controlled film.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Get urea 27kg, monoammonium phosphate 18kg, vitriolate of tartar 15kg, weathered coal humic acid 30kg, ground phosphate rock 10kg, pulverize the back and cross the 60-70 mesh sieve, with 60kg nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material and the abundant mixing of 30kg weathered coal humic acid, and add about 10 ± 2kg water, make this raw mix have certain humidity; Raw mix granulation in the pelletizing disks machine; Material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying; Will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses; To in granulating disc, add 10kg ground phosphate rock by the particle less than 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
Embodiment 2:
Get urea 20kg, monoammonium phosphate 26kg, vitriolate of tartar 21kg, weathered coal humic acid 23kg, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 10kg, pulverize the back and cross the 60-70 mesh sieve, with 67kg nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material and the abundant mixing of 13kg weathered coal humic acid, and add about 10 ± 2kg water, make this raw mix have certain humidity; Raw mix granulation in the pelletizing disks machine; Material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying; Will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses; To in granulating disc, add the 10kg fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate by the particle less than 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
Embodiment 3:
Get urea 27kg, calcium phosphate 18kg, vitriolate of tartar 15kg, weathered coal humic acid 30kg, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 10kg, pulverize the back and cross the 60-70 mesh sieve, with 60kg nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material and the abundant mixing of 30kg weathered coal humic acid, and add about 10 ± 2kg water, make this raw mix have certain humidity; Raw mix granulation in the pelletizing disks machine; Material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying; Will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses; To in granulating disc, add the 10kg fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate by the particle less than 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
Embodiment 4:
Get urea 20kg, calcium phosphate 26kg, vitriolate of tartar 21kg, weathered coal humic acid 23kg, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 10kg, pulverize the back and cross the 60-70 mesh sieve, with 67kg nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material and the abundant mixing of 23kg weathered coal humic acid, and add about 10 ± 2kg water, make this raw mix have certain humidity; Raw mix granulation in the pelletizing disks machine; Material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying; Will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses; To in granulating disc, add the 10kg fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate by the particle less than 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
Embodiment 5:
Get urea 27kg, monoammonium phosphate 18kg, Repone K 15kg, weathered coal humic acid 30kg, divalent metal ammonium phosphate sylvite 10kg, pulverize the back and cross the 60-70 mesh sieve, with 60kg nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material and the abundant mixing of 30kg weathered coal humic acid, and add about 10 ± 2kg water, make this raw mix have certain humidity; Raw mix granulation in the pelletizing disks machine; Material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying; Will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses; To in granulating disc, add 10kg divalent metal ammonium phosphate sylvite less than the particle of 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
Embodiment 6:
Get urea 20kg, monoammonium phosphate 26kg, Repone K 21kg, weathered coal humic acid 23kg, divalent metal ammonium phosphate sylvite 10kg, pulverize the back and cross the 60-70 mesh sieve, with 67kg nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material and the abundant mixing of 23kg weathered coal humic acid, and add about 10 ± 2kg water, make this raw mix have certain humidity; Raw mix granulation in the pelletizing disks machine; Material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying; Will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses; To in granulating disc, add 10kg divalent metal ammonium phosphate sylvite less than the particle of 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
Embodiment 7:
Get urea 27kg, calcium phosphate 20kg, Repone K 13kg, weathered coal humic acid 30kg, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 10kg, pulverize the back and cross the 60-70 mesh sieve, with 60kg nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material and the abundant mixing of 30kg weathered coal humic acid, and add about 10 ± 2kg water, make this raw mix have certain humidity; Raw mix granulation in the pelletizing disks machine; Material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying; Will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses; To in granulating disc, add the 10kg fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate by the particle less than 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
Embodiment 8:
Get urea 21kg, calcium phosphate 28kg, Repone K 18kg, weathered coal humic acid 23kg, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 10kg, pulverize the back and cross the 60-70 mesh sieve, with 67kg nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material and the abundant mixing of 23kg weathered coal humic acid, and add about 10 ± 2kg water, make this raw mix have certain humidity; Raw mix granulation in the pelletizing disks machine; Material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying; Will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses; To in granulating disc, add the 10kg fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate by the particle less than 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
In actually operating, can change the proportioning of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and humic acids and coated fertilizer to the needs of nutrient according to Different Crop, can make the organic composite slow release fertilizer of the glued double-cotrolled type of coating of Different Nutrients ratio in the operation steps of above embodiment.
Claims (2)
1. a double-control composite slow-release fertilizer is characterized in that, with the inorganic controlled-release material parcel organic composite slow release fertilizer of organism agglutinating,, is made behind mixing, granulation, drying, screening, coating through pulverizing the 60-70 mesh sieve by following raw material:
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material 50～70 weight parts
Glued bonding material 20～30 weight parts of weathered coal humic acids
Coated fertilizer 10～20 weight parts
Wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material, nitrogen is urea, and phosphorus is monoammonium phosphate or calcium phosphate, and potassium is Repone K or vitriolate of tartar;
Coated fertilizer is divalent metal ammonium phosphate sylvite, ground phosphate rock, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate or solubility in citric acid inorganic nutrients coated fertilizer.
2. the preparation method of the described double-control composite slow-release fertilizer of claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
A. raw material mixes: with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer raw material, the abundant mixing of the glued bonding material of weathered coal humic acids, and the water of adding raw material gross weight 8～12%, make this raw mix have certain humidity;
B. with raw mix granulation in pelletizing disks machine or rotary drum granulator of steps A gained;
C. the material after the granulation is sent rotary drying drum to and is carried out drying;
D. will be less than after the powder thing of 2mm and the macrobead screening greater than 5mm, all as returning charge, circulation re-uses;
E. will in granulating disc, add coated fertilizer by the particle less than 5mm greater than 2mm, the coating that rolls, oven dry or air-dry is finished product.
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| CNB2005100512509A CN100340531C (en) | 2005-03-03 | 2005-03-03 | Double-control composite slow-release fertilizer and method for preparing same |
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| CNB2005100512509A CN100340531C (en) | 2005-03-03 | 2005-03-03 | Double-control composite slow-release fertilizer and method for preparing same |
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| CN100340531C true CN100340531C (en) | 2007-10-03 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101885633A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-11-17 | 李振永 | Special peanut film-coating slow-release fertilizer and preparation process thereof |
| CN102173902A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-09-07 | 郑州良元实业发展有限公司 | Hightower composite fertilizer vibrating, fluidizing and discharging device with cooling function |
| CN104591911A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏宏洋肥力特生物科技有限公司 | Sustained-release macro-element water-soluble fertilizer granules containing trace elements and humic acid |
| CN108863556A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-23 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of the granulated fertilizer with core-shell structure |
| CN110243147A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-17 | 上海华畅环保设备发展有限公司 | Chemical fertilizer drying means and device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066439A (en) * | 1992-05-17 | 1992-11-25 | 蔡明亨 | Nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops |
| CN1198427A (en) * | 1997-05-01 | 1998-11-11 | 吕庆淮 | Nitrogenous phosphate potash long-effect compound fertilizer and productive method thereof |
| CN1283600A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-14 | 王为民 | Coated urea humate and its preparing process |
| WO2004002921A1 (en) * | 2002-07-01 | 2004-01-08 | Ecotech (Aust) Pty Ltd | Fertilisation of soil |
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- 2005-03-03 CN CNB2005100512509A patent/CN100340531C/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066439A (en) * | 1992-05-17 | 1992-11-25 | 蔡明亨 | Nutrition-concerted supply fertilizer of long-acting for crops |
| CN1198427A (en) * | 1997-05-01 | 1998-11-11 | 吕庆淮 | Nitrogenous phosphate potash long-effect compound fertilizer and productive method thereof |
| CN1283600A (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-14 | 王为民 | Coated urea humate and its preparing process |
| WO2004002921A1 (en) * | 2002-07-01 | 2004-01-08 | Ecotech (Aust) Pty Ltd | Fertilisation of soil |
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