CN102775234B - Controlled-release zinc fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Controlled-release zinc fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102775234B CN102775234B CN201210292694.1A CN201210292694A CN102775234B CN 102775234 B CN102775234 B CN 102775234B CN 201210292694 A CN201210292694 A CN 201210292694A CN 102775234 B CN102775234 B CN 102775234B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QNYBOILAKBSWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(phenylmethoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 QNYBOILAKBSWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenezinc Chemical compound [Zn]=S WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010048259 Zinc deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PVCCISSCNBXSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn] PVCCISSCNBXSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a controlled-release zinc fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. As for the controlled-release zinc fertilizer provided by the invention, the zinc sulfate heptahydrate, weathered coal, urea and bentonite are compounded and granulated to form a core zinc fertilizer; then the core zinc fertilizer is enveloped by the molten sulfur; finally, the zinc/sulfur-coated fertilizer is further enveloped by the modified epoxy resin material to obtain three kinds of two-layer enveloped zinc fertilizer with different envelope thicknesses; and moreover, the zinc fertilizer with different envelop thicknesses is subjected to secondary compounding so that the nutrient release time of the produced controlled-release zinc fertilizer in soil is long, the release speed is uniform, and the needs of the crops in one year can be met by once application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a controlled-release zinc fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of production and application of controlled-release fertilizers.
Background
Zinc is not only a nutrient element necessary for plant growth and development, but also a nutrient element necessary for human body. Increasing the zinc content of crops is an important way to improve the zinc nutrition of human beings. However, the effectiveness of zinc in soil on crops is influenced by various factors, so that the zinc element is insufficient in nutrition, and a large-area zinc deficiency phenomenon occurs. According to investigation, the national soil in China shows zinc deficiency, the north is particularly serious, and the percentage of the effective zinc content of the soil in the northeast, the north China and the northwest is 71.1 percent which is lower than the critical value (2 micrograms of zinc/kilogram of soil). Therefore, the application of the zinc fertilizer is one of effective measures for improving the zinc supply capacity of soil, increasing the zinc content of plants and improving the zinc nutrition of human beings.
The zinc fertilizer applied in the current production practice is mainly zinc sulfate, the zinc fertilizer has good solubility, mainly exists in a zinc ion state after being applied to soil, and the soil pH value, the calcium carbonate content and the like seriously influence the effectiveness of the zinc fertilizer on crops. It was investigated that the effectiveness of zinc decreased 100-fold each time the soil pH increased by 1 unit. The adsorption effect of soil on zinc ions is also an important factor for limiting the effectiveness of zinc fertilizers, the zinc fertilizers applied from external sources are almost completely adsorbed by the soil in a short time and lose activity, and substances with the adsorption effect comprise soil clay, calcium carbonate, iron oxide and the like. People try to improve the effectiveness and the utilization efficiency of the zinc fertilizer by innovating zinc fertilizer varieties.
CN200810223530.7 discloses a granular zinc fertilizer for plants. The granular zinc fertilizer consists of the following components: 20-30 parts of zinc sulfate, 25-35 parts of elemental sulfur, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 15-25 parts of bentonite and 3-5 parts of liquid binder. The granular zinc fertilizer consists of a fertilizer core and an envelope, wherein the fertilizer core consists of zinc sulfate, elemental sulfur, humic acid and a liquid binder, and the envelope consists of elemental sulfur, bentonite and a liquid binder. The granular zinc fertilizer is a novel high-efficiency granular zinc fertilizer suitable for calcareous soil in northern China, and in a fertilizer culture test, compared with the application of common zinc sulfate, the granular zinc fertilizer can obviously reduce the pH value of the soil by 0.4-0.5 unit and can improve the effective zinc concentration in the soil by over 60 percent.
CN 200910087592.4 provides a long-acting zinc fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following effective components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of soluble zinc salt; 1-160 parts of organic zinc and/or zinc oxide. The long-acting zinc fertilizer is prepared by the following method: respectively crushing soluble zinc salt, organic zinc and/or zinc oxide, sieving, fully and uniformly mixing according to the weight ratio, and fully and uniformly mixing with 0-50 parts of sieved attapulgite powder, 0-5 parts of dispersing agent and 0-5 parts of wetting agent. CN 201110195433.3 provides a quick-acting and long-acting particle zinc fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following components: 60-90 parts by mass of inorganic zinc; 10-40 parts by mass of organic zinc; 0 to 10 parts by mass of a filler; 0 to 10 parts by mass of a binder. The zinc fertilizer combines organic zinc and inorganic zinc, and wraps the inorganic zinc fertilizer in a coating mode, so that the effective period of the zinc fertilizer is prolonged, and the utilization efficiency is improved. But the organic zinc has the defects that the organic zinc is expensive, and the fertilizer cost is increased; the pure inorganic film coating material shell is easy to break and lose the slow/controlled release function of the coating.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a controlled-release zinc fertilizer with low cost and good coating toughness, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Summary of The Invention
According to the invention, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, weathered coal, urea and bentonite are compounded and granulated to form a core fertilizer, the core fertilizer is coated with molten sulfur, and finally the sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer is coated with a modified epoxy resin material to prepare three double-layer coated zinc fertilizers with different outer coating thicknesses, and the zinc fertilizers with different coating thicknesses are compounded for the second time, so that the nutrient release period of the produced controlled-release zinc fertilizer in soil is long, the release speed is uniform, and the requirement of crops for one year can be met by one-time application. The invention obtains good effect through field test.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a controlled release zinc fertilizer comprises a core fertilizer and an inner and an outer double-layer envelopes coated on core fertilizer particles; the core fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 500-700 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 100-200 parts of weathered coal, 120-240 parts of urea and 40-80 parts of bentonite; the grain diameter of the core fertilizer particles is 2-3 mm;
the inner layer coating is a sulfur coating and accounts for 10-15wt% of the core fertilizer;
the outer layer coating is a modified epoxy resin coating, the modified epoxy resin coating agent is prepared by mixing epoxy resin E-44 and polyurethane PUR according to the mass ratio of 9: 1 to prepare modified epoxy resin, then adding curing agent T-593 accounting for 10wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR, diluent benzyl glycidyl ether accounting for 15wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR and starch accounting for 1wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR, and uniformly mixing;
the dosage of the outer coating agent accounts for 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer respectively, and corresponds to three double-layer coated fertilizers I, II and III, and the three double-layer coated fertilizers I, II and III are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 1-1.5, so that the controlled-release zinc fertilizer is obtained.
According to the invention, the core fertilizer preferably comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 590-610 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 145-155 parts of weathered coal, 190-210 parts of urea and 45-55 parts of bentonite.
The raw materials of the zinc heptahydrate, weathered coal, urea and bentonite in the controlled-release zinc fertilizer are all commercially available products. Preferably, the weathered coal is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the urea is in powder form.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the controlled-release zinc fertilizer comprises the following steps:
the granular core fertilizer with the grain diameter of 2-3 mm is prepared by uniformly mixing zinc sulfate heptahydrate, weathered coal, urea and bentonite according to the proportion and preparing the granular core fertilizer according to the prior art, wherein the granular core fertilizer is coated with a layer of sulfur film and then a layer of modified epoxy resin film.
According to the preferable preparation method of the controlled-release zinc fertilizer, the steps are as follows:
(1) according to the proportion, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, weathered coal, urea and bentonite are taken and mixed evenly, and granular fertilizer with the grain diameter of 2-3 mm is prepared according to the prior art, so as to obtain the core fertilizer.
(2) Mixing epoxy resin E-44 and polyurethane PUR in a mass ratio of 9: 1 to prepare modified epoxy resin, adding curing agent T-593 accounting for 10wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR, diluent benzyl glycidyl ether accounting for 15wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR and starch accounting for 1wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR, and uniformly mixing. Obtaining the modified epoxy resin coating agent.
(3) Preheating the core fertilizer prepared in the step (1) to 70-80 ℃, moving the core fertilizer into a rotary drum, and spraying molten sulfur on fertilizer particles continuously rotating in the rotary drum to form a sulfur film, wherein the mass of the sulfur film accounts for 10-15wt% of that of the core fertilizer, so as to obtain the sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer.
(4) Adding the modified epoxy resin coating agent prepared in the step (2) to the continuously rotating sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer prepared in the step (3) while the modified epoxy resin coating agent is hot, and curing the mixture for 3 to 5 minutes to form a film, wherein the modified epoxy resin coating agent accounts for 1wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer; repeating the process for 1 time to obtain a double-layer coated fertilizer I with the modified epoxy resin outer layer coating amount accounting for 2wt% of the core fertilizer mass;
(5) taking the sulfur-zinc coated fertilizer obtained in the step (3), repeating the step (4), and continuously coating 1 time of a modified epoxy resin coating agent accounting for 1wt% of the core fertilizer mass on the obtained double-layer coated fertilizer with the outer coating accounting for 2wt% of the core fertilizer mass to obtain a double-layer coated fertilizer II with the outer coating accounting for 3wt% of the core fertilizer mass;
(6) and (3) taking the sulfur-zinc coated fertilizer obtained in the step (3) again for the third time, repeating the step (5), and continuously coating 1 time of a modified epoxy resin coating agent which accounts for 1wt% of the core fertilizer mass on the obtained double-layer coated fertilizer with the outer coating amount accounting for 3wt% of the core fertilizer mass to obtain a double-layer coated fertilizer III with the outer coating amount accounting for 4wt% of the core fertilizer mass.
(7) And (3) uniformly mixing the double-layer coated fertilizer I prepared in the step (4), the double-layer coated fertilizer II prepared in the step (5) and the double-layer coated fertilizer III prepared in the step (6) according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 1-1.5 to obtain the controlled-release zinc fertilizer.
The starch in the step (2) is preferably one or a combination of corn starch, sweet potato starch and cassava starch.
The application of the controlled-release zinc fertilizer adopts one of the following methods:
before the crops are sowed and turned over, the controlled-release zinc fertilizer is uniformly spread on the soil surface, and then is turned over and buried in the soil. Or,
and ii, combining crop seeding, simultaneously applying the controlled-release zinc fertilizer, wherein the fertilizing position is 8-10 cm below or at one side of the seeds. Or,
and iii, mixing the controlled-release zinc fertilizer with other fertilizers such as compound fertilizers and the like for application.
The controlled-release zinc fertilizer has the dosage of 2-4 kilograms per mu and the effective period of 1 year for crops.
The invention has the following excellent effects:
1. the effectiveness of zinc is good
After the inorganic zinc fertilizer is applied to soil, the inorganic zinc fertilizer mainly exists in a zinc ion state, the soil pH value, the calcium carbonate content and the like have obvious influence on the effectiveness of the inorganic zinc fertilizer, especially most of soil in northern China is alkaline, the effectiveness of the zinc fertilizer on crops is poor, and the utilization efficiency is low. On one hand, the controlled-release zinc fertilizer reduces direct contact with soil through the coating and reduces the fixation effect on zinc; on the other hand, the oxidation result of the sulfur in the soil of the inner film layer enables the pH value of the local soil to be reduced, and the effectiveness of zinc is improved.
2. Uniform nutrient release
The controlled-release zinc fertilizer disclosed by the invention adopts the mutual matching of double coatings, and the components with different coating thicknesses are compounded, so that zinc ions are uniformly released, and the absorption requirement of crops can be met.
3. Long fertilizer effect time
The controlled-release zinc fertilizer has long effective time in soil and can meet the needs of crops in two or three seasons of one year.
4. Convenient to apply
The controlled-release zinc fertilizer has smooth outer layer film, good toughness and particle size similar to that of the prior compound fertilizer, can be mixed with the compound fertilizer and then applied, and is uniform in fertilization.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but not limited to, the following examples. The raw materials used in the examples are all in parts by mass.
Weathered coal, produced by open-pit coal factories in Ningwu county, Shanxi province, with an organic matter content of 62.3wt%, was sieved through a 100-mesh sieve.
Starch, corn starch, Shandong Runsheng starch, manufactured by Limited.
Bentonite, produced by Shandong Zhenxing Bentonite factory.
Epoxy resin E-44, Polyurethane (PUR) was purchased from Sandeli chemical industries, Inc. of Jiangsu.
Example 1:
the controlled-release zinc fertilizer comprises the following core fertilizer raw materials: 600 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 150 kg of weathered coal, 200 kg of urea and 50 kg of bentonite. The inner sulfur coating accounts for 12wt% of the core fertilizer; the dosage of the outer coating modified epoxy resin coating respectively accounts for 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt% of the core fertilizer, and the three double-layer coating fertilizers are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the proportion, 600 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 150 kg of weathered coal, 200 kg of urea and 50 kg of bentonite are taken, evenly mixed and granulated by a roller to prepare granular fertilizer with the grain diameter of 2-3 mm, thus obtaining the core fertilizer.
(2) Uniformly mixing epoxy resin E-449 kg and Polyurethane (PUR) 1 kg, adding curing agent T-593 1.5 kg, diluent benzyl glycidyl ether and corn starch 0.1 kg, and uniformly mixing. Obtaining the modified epoxy resin coating agent.
(3) Taking 300 kg of the core fertilizer prepared in the step (1), preheating to 70 ℃ in a preheating container, transferring the fertilizer into a rotary drum, spraying molten sulfur onto fertilizer particles continuously rotating in the rotary drum through a nozzle to form a sulfur film, wherein the mass of the sulfur film accounts for 12wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer, so as to obtain sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer, and uniformly dividing the obtained sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer into three parts for later use.
(4) Taking one part of the sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer prepared in the step (3), adding 1 kg of the modified epoxy resin coating agent prepared in the step (2) to the continuously rotating sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer while the fertilizer is hot, curing for 3-5 minutes to form a film, adding 1 kg of the modified epoxy resin coating agent, and curing for 3-5 minutes to form a film to obtain a double-layer coated fertilizer I with the outer coating amount accounting for 2wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer;
(5) taking another part of the sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer prepared in the step (3), repeating the step (4), continuously adding 1 kg of modified epoxy resin coating agent on the obtained double-layer coated fertilizer with the outer coating amount accounting for 2wt% of the core fertilizer mass, and curing for 3-5 minutes to form a film, thus obtaining a double-layer coated fertilizer II with the outer coating amount accounting for 3wt% of the core fertilizer mass;
(6) taking the sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer prepared in the third step (3), repeating the step (5), continuously adding 1 kg of modified epoxy resin coating agent to the obtained double-layer coated fertilizer with the outer coating amount accounting for 3wt% of the core fertilizer, and curing for 3-5 minutes to form a film, thus obtaining a double-layer coated fertilizer III with the outer coating amount accounting for 4wt% of the core fertilizer;
(7) and (3) uniformly mixing the double-layer coated fertilizer I, the double-layer coated fertilizer II and the double-layer coated fertilizer III prepared in the steps (4), (5) and (6) according to the mass ratio of 1: 1 to obtain the controlled-release zinc fertilizer.
Example 2:
the controlled-release zinc fertilizer comprises the following core fertilizer raw materials: 500 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 200 kg of weathered coal, 240 kg of urea and 60 kg of bentonite.
Preparation as described in example 1, except that:
(1) 500 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 200 kg of weathered coal, 240 kg of urea and 60 kg of bentonite are taken, evenly mixed and granulated by a roller to prepare granular fertilizer with the grain diameter of 2-3 mm, thus obtaining the core fertilizer.
(2) The modified epoxy resin coating agent was the same as in example 1.
(3) Taking 180 kg of the core zinc fertilizer prepared in the step (1), preheating to 80 ℃ in a preheating container, transferring the fertilizer into a rotary drum, spraying molten sulfur onto fertilizer particles which continuously rotate in the rotary drum through a nozzle to form a sulfur film, wherein the mass of the sulfur film accounts for 15wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer, and thus obtaining the sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer.
(4) - (6) preparation methods of three double-layer coated fertilizers I, II and III, in which the amounts of the outer-layer coated modified epoxy resin coating respectively account for 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt% of the core fertilizer, are the same as those in example 1.
(7) According to the mass ratio of 1: 2: 1.5, three double-layer coated fertilizers I, II and III with the outer-layer coating modified epoxy resin coating accounting for 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt% of the core fertilizer are uniformly mixed to obtain the controlled-release zinc fertilizer.
Example 3:
the controlled-release zinc fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: 700 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 100 kg of weathered coal, 130 kg of urea and 70 kg of bentonite.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the proportion, 700 kg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 100 kg of weathered coal, 130 kg of urea and 70 kg of bentonite are taken, evenly mixed and granulated by a roller to prepare granular fertilizer with the grain diameter of 2-3 mm, thus obtaining the core zinc fertilizer.
(2) The modified epoxy resin coating agent was the same as in example 1.
(3) And (2) taking 240 kg of the core zinc fertilizer prepared in the step (1), preheating to 75 ℃ in a preheating container, transferring the fertilizer into a rotary drum, spraying molten sulfur onto fertilizer particles which continuously rotate in the rotary drum through a nozzle to form a sulfur film, wherein the mass of the sulfur film accounts for 10wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer, and thus obtaining the sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer.
(4) - (6) three double-layer coated fertilizers I, II and III, the amounts of which are 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt% of the core fertilizer respectively, are prepared as in example 1.
(7) According to the mass ratio of 2: 1.5: 1, three double-layer coated fertilizers I, II and III with the outer-layer coating modified epoxy resin coating accounting for 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt% of the core fertilizer are uniformly mixed to obtain the controlled-release zinc fertilizer.
Comparative example: zinc sulfate heptahydrate, commercially available product.
The application effects of the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples are as follows:
test site: shandong province, Linyi City.
Test time: year 2011 6 months to 2012 6 months.
The test crop is corn, variety, Zhengdan 958; wheat, variety, jimai 22.
Cultivation mode: and (4) crop rotation of corn and wheat is carried out on the same land.
Assuming a total of 4 treatments of examples 1-3 and comparative example, each treatment cell had an area of 50 square meters, the procedure was repeated three times. The dosage of the controlled-release zinc fertilizer in the embodiment is converted into the dosage of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, which is the same as the dosage of the comparative example and is 3 kilograms per mu, and the application and field management of other fertilizers are completely the same according to the conventional technology. The zinc fertilizer is completely applied in one step when the corn is sowed, the zinc fertilizer is not used when the wheat is sowed after the corn is harvested, and the wheat is subjected to the after effect of the zinc fertilizer applied before the utilization. The fertilizing method is that the fertilizer is applied vertically below the corn seeding rows by a fertilizer applicator, and the distance between the fertilizer and the ground surface is 10 cm. Other management is the same. The application effect is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 application effects of examples 1-3 compared to comparative examples
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a controlled-release zinc fertilizer comprises a core fertilizer and an inner layer coating and an outer layer coating coated on core fertilizer particles, wherein the core fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 500-700 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 100-200 parts of weathered coal, 120-240 parts of urea and 40-80 parts of bentonite; the grain diameter of the core fertilizer grains is 2-3 mm; the controlled-release zinc fertilizer is applied at one time, the dosage of the controlled-release zinc fertilizer per mu is 2-4 kilograms, and the effective period of the controlled-release zinc fertilizer for crops is 1 year;
the inner coating is a sulfur coating and accounts for 10-15wt% of the core fertilizer;
the outer-layer coating is a modified epoxy resin coating, the modified epoxy resin coating agent is prepared by mixing epoxy resin E-44 and polyurethane PUR according to the mass ratio of 9: 1 to prepare modified epoxy resin, then adding curing agent T-593 accounting for 10wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR, diluent benzyl glycidyl ether accounting for 15wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR and starch accounting for 1wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR, and uniformly mixing;
the dosage of the outer layer coating agent accounts for 2wt%, 3wt% and 4wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer respectively, and corresponds to three double-layer coating fertilizers I, II and III respectively, and the three double-layer coating fertilizers I, II and III are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 1-1.5 to obtain the core fertilizer; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the proportion, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, weathered coal, urea and bentonite are taken and evenly mixed to prepare granular fertilizer with the grain diameter of 2-3 mm according to the prior art, and core fertilizer is obtained;
(2) mixing epoxy resin E-44 and polyurethane PUR in a mass ratio of 9: 1 to prepare modified epoxy resin, adding curing agent T-593 accounting for 10wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR, diluent benzyl glycidyl ether accounting for 15wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR and starch accounting for 1wt% of the total amount of the epoxy resin E-44 and the polyurethane PUR, and uniformly mixing to obtain a modified epoxy resin coating agent;
(3) preheating the core fertilizer prepared in the step (1) to 70 DEGoC～80oC, moving the fertilizer into a rotary drum, and spraying molten sulfur on fertilizer particles which continuously rotate in the rotary drum to form a sulfur film, wherein the mass of the sulfur film accounts for 10-15wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer, so as to obtain sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer;
(4) adding the modified epoxy resin coating agent prepared in the step (2) to the continuously rotating sulfur-coated zinc fertilizer prepared in the step (3) while the modified epoxy resin coating agent is hot, and curing the mixture for 3 to 5 minutes to form a film, wherein the modified epoxy resin coating agent accounts for 1wt% of the mass of the core fertilizer; repeating the process for 1 time to obtain a double-layer coated fertilizer I with the modified epoxy resin outer layer coating amount accounting for 2wt% of the core fertilizer mass;
(5) taking the sulfur-zinc coated fertilizer obtained in the step (3), repeating the step (4), and continuously coating 1 time of a modified epoxy resin coating agent accounting for 1wt% of the core fertilizer mass on the obtained double-layer coated fertilizer with the outer coating accounting for 2wt% of the core fertilizer mass to obtain a double-layer coated fertilizer II with the outer coating accounting for 3wt% of the core fertilizer mass;
(6) thirdly, taking the sulfur-zinc coated fertilizer obtained in the step (3), repeating the step (5), and continuously coating 1 time of a modified epoxy resin coating agent which accounts for 1wt% of the core fertilizer mass on the obtained double-layer coated fertilizer with the outer coating amount accounting for 3wt% of the core fertilizer mass to obtain a double-layer coated fertilizer III with the outer coating amount accounting for 4wt% of the core fertilizer mass;
(7) and (3) uniformly mixing the double-layer coated fertilizer I prepared in the step (4), the double-layer coated fertilizer II prepared in the step (5) and the double-layer coated fertilizer III prepared in the step (6) according to the mass ratio of 1-2: 1-1.5 to obtain the controlled-release zinc fertilizer.
2. The preparation method of the controlled-release zinc fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 590-610 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 145-155 parts of weathered coal, 190-210 parts of urea and 45-55 parts of bentonite.
3. The method for preparing the controlled-release zinc fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the starch in the step (2) is one or a combination of corn starch, sweet potato starch and tapioca starch.
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| CN105461429A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-06 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Coated controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108503432A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-07 | 苏州硒谷科技有限公司 | A kind of composite coated slow-released zinc fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113582782A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-02 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Segmented-absorption fully-degradable coated rod fertilizer for cigarettes and preparation method thereof |
| CN114956902B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-12-05 | 江西师范大学 | Zinc-rich cadmium-reducing controlled-release zinc fertilizer for strengthening rice brown rice and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101684052A (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-31 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Thermohardening resin coated controlled-release fertilizer using sulfur a basecoat |
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