CN106642995A - 一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统 - Google Patents

一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统 Download PDF

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CN106642995A
CN106642995A CN201611262903.2A CN201611262903A CN106642995A CN 106642995 A CN106642995 A CN 106642995A CN 201611262903 A CN201611262903 A CN 201611262903A CN 106642995 A CN106642995 A CN 106642995A
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heat exchanger
oxygen
hydrocarbon
air separation
separation system
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CN106642995B (zh
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谭兆钧
闫镇威
王文
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North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
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    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
    • F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
    • F25J3/04703—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser being arranged in more than one vessel
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
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Abstract

一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统，包括下塔C1、上塔C2和主热交换器E1，上塔C2内设冷凝蒸发器K1，它还包括热交换器E3；冷凝蒸发器K1中的液氧在氧泵6的作用下经过热交换器E3，换热后流出，上塔C2底部气氧的一部分经过主热交换器E1后，在氧气压缩机5的作用下通过热交换器E3，被冷却成液体后流向冷凝蒸发器K1；本发明的有益效果如下：1.本发明以物理方法降低碳氢化合物浓度到安全范围以内，可低于100ppm，相比化学方法运营成本降低；2. 能量消耗低，改进后的空分系统只增加了一个氧泵、一个氧气压缩机和一个换热器，相比原系统额外消耗的能量非常有限。

Description

一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统
技术领域
本发明属于空气分离技术领域，具体涉及一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统。
背景技术
如图1所示，外压缩空气分离系统是一种应用广泛的大型低温空气分离系统。图1所示的外压缩空分系统，在重工业聚集地等空气污染严重的地区，碳氢化合物（甲烷等）会在冷凝蒸发器K1中聚积，浓度不断提高，当碳氢化合物浓度达到100ppm时就超过了空分系统安全运行的标准，当前主要采用化学方法降低冷凝蒸发器K1中碳氢化合物的浓度，但是化学方法的成本较高，工艺较复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于为解决现有技术的不足而提供一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统。
本发明的目的是以下述方式实现的：
一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统，包括下塔、上塔和主热交换器，上塔内设冷凝蒸发器，它还包括热交换器；冷凝蒸发器中的液氧在氧泵的作用下经过热交换器，换热后流出，上塔底部气氧的一部分经过主热交换器后，在氧气压缩机的作用下通过热交换器，被冷却成液体后流向冷凝蒸发器。
如上所述的可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统，所述上塔底部气氧在氧气压缩机的作用下5%~30%通过热交换器被冷却成液体后流向冷凝蒸发器，其余作为产品直接流出冷箱。
本发明的有益效果如下：1.本发明以物理方法降低碳氢化合物浓度到安全范围以内，可低于100ppm，相比化学方法运营成本降低；2. 能量消耗低，改进后的空分系统只增加了一个氧泵、一个氧气压缩机和一个换热器，相比原系统额外消耗的能量非常有限。
附图说明
图1是现有技术外压缩空分系统的结构示意图；
图2是本发明外压缩空分系统的结构示意图；
其中，AF为空气过滤器、ATC为空气透平压缩机、AC为空气冷却塔、WC为氮水冷却塔、EH为电加热器、MS为分子筛吸附器、B为膨胀机增压机、ET为透平膨胀机、E1为主热交换器、C1为下塔、C2为上塔、K1为冷凝蒸发器、E2为过冷器、C31为氩塔Ⅰ、C32氩塔Ⅱ、K1为氩塔Ⅱ冷凝蒸发器、AP1泵Ⅰ、AP2泵Ⅱ、5为氧气压缩机、6为氧泵、E3为热交换器，Air为空气、Water为外界供水、GN2为气氮出口，GWN为废氮气出口、GO2为气氧出口、LO2为液氧出口、LAr为液氩出口。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统，如图2所示，包括下塔C1、上塔C2和主热交换器E1，上塔C2内设冷凝蒸发器K1，它还包括热交换器E3，冷凝蒸发器K1中的液氧在氧泵6的作用下经过热交换器E3，换热后流出，上塔C2底部的气氧经过主热交换器E1，然后氧气压缩机5的作用下通过热交换器E3，与液氧换热后的气氧冷却成液体流向冷凝蒸发器K1，在这一过程中，一方面冷凝蒸发器K1中含碳氢化合物浓度较高的液氧经换热器E3流出，另一方面由于气氧中的碳氢化合物含量低，其经换热器E3冷却成液氧流入冷凝蒸发器K1，就会降低其中液氧碳氢化合物的浓度；在这两方面作用下，碳氢化合物浓度高的液氧不断流出冷凝蒸发器K1，碳氢化合物浓度低的液氧不断流入冷凝蒸发器K1，综合之下冷凝蒸发器K1中碳氢化合物浓度就可以维持在安全范围内。
优选的，当碳氢化合物浓度超标时，经过主热交换器K1气氧在氧气压缩机5的作用下5%~30%通过热交换器E3被冷却成液体后流向冷凝蒸发器K1，其余作为产品直接流出冷箱。
如图2所示，所述外压缩空分系统还包括依次相连的空气过滤器AF、空气透平压缩机ATC、分子筛吸附器MS、膨胀机增压机B，空气经空气过滤器AF和空气透平压缩机ATC的除尘、清洗和预冷后进入分子筛吸附器MS，在分子筛吸附器MS中二氧化碳、水分等杂质被吸收掉。
经分子筛吸附器MS净化后的空气一部分经膨胀机增压机B增压进入主热交换器E1，再经透平膨胀机ET流入上塔C2参与精馏，与现有技术中空分压缩系统不同的是，空气在上塔精馏后，上塔底部获得的氧气经主热交换器E1复热后，在氧气压缩机作用下部分经过换热器E3冷却成液体流入冷凝蒸发器K1，用来稀释冷凝蒸发器K1中碳氢化合物浓度，部分作为产品流出；氧泵将液氧从冷凝蒸发器K1中抽出，在换热器E3复热成气体后流出。这一过程中，冷凝蒸发器K1中碳氢化合物浓度较高的液氧不断流出，碳氢化合物浓度较低的液氧不断流入，便实现了以物理方式低成本降低冷凝蒸发器K1中碳氢化合物浓度的目的。上塔顶部的氮气经过冷器E2、主热交换器E1复热后流出冷箱。上塔C2中下部抽出混合气体进入氩分离流程。
本发明相对图1所示现有的外压缩空分系统，增加了氧气压缩机5、氧泵6和热交换器E3；主换热器E1流出的部分（可以处于5%~100%之间，国内生产环境下5%~30%之间就能满足要求）气氧在氧气压缩机5的作用下流经换热器E3，并在换热器E3内被冷凝为液氧流回上塔底部，上塔底部的液氧在氧泵6的作用下经换热器E3流出，并在换热器E3内将气氧冷凝为液氧。由于主换热器E1流出的气氧碳氢化合物浓度低，其被冷凝为液氧流入上塔底部后稀释冷凝蒸发器K1中碳氢化合物的浓度。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明整体构思前提下，还可以作出若干改变和改进，这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统，包括下塔（C1）、上塔（C2）和主热交换器（E1），上塔（C2）内设冷凝蒸发器（K1），其特征在于：它还包括热交换器（E3）；冷凝蒸发器（K1）中的液氧在氧泵（6）的作用下经过热交换器（E3），换热后流出，上塔（C2）底部气氧的一部分经过主热交换器（E1）后，在氧气压缩机（5）的作用下通过热交换器（E3），被冷却成液体后流向冷凝蒸发器（K1）。
2.如权利要求1所述的可稀释碳氢化合物的外压缩空分系统，其特征在于：所述上塔（C2）底部气氧在氧气压缩机（5）的作用下5%~30%通过热交换器（E3）被冷却成液体后流向冷凝蒸发器（K1），其余作为产品直接流出冷箱。
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