CN106639877B - Variable-track drilling method and device - Google Patents
Variable-track drilling method and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106639877B CN106639877B CN201611268942.3A CN201611268942A CN106639877B CN 106639877 B CN106639877 B CN 106639877B CN 201611268942 A CN201611268942 A CN 201611268942A CN 106639877 B CN106639877 B CN 106639877B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drill
- drilling
- orbital transfer
- pipe
- inclined guide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
Abstract
The invention discloses an orbital transfer drilling method and a device, wherein an orbital transfer drill pipe is inserted into a main drilling hole after drilling in a coal bed, an inclined guide mechanism is arranged in front of the orbital transfer drill pipe, and an anchor cable drill with a drill rod capable of being bent is sleeved in the orbital transfer drill pipe; and (4) obliquely drilling the side wall of the main drilling hole according to different depths of the track-changing drilling pipe penetrating into the main drilling hole. According to the invention, on the basis of the main drilling hole, re-drilling is carried out through a reasonable track changing device, and finally, a drilling hole area taking the main drilling hole as the center and the side drilling hole as the radius is formed, so that coal can be loosened, gas can be guided, the gas extraction amount in the drilling hole is increased, and the gas extraction effect in a coal seam is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an improved drilling tool in the technical field of coal mine gas extraction, and particularly relates to a method and a device for forming a branch drilling hole in a mode of changing a track of the drilling tool.
Background
The gas content of some coal seams is large, the gas permeability of the coal seams is poor, difficulty is brought to gas prevention and control work, the danger of coal and gas outburst exists, and safety of miners is dangerous. Gas pre-pumping is an important measure for gas control, but a soft coal seam has poor air permeability and poor pre-pumping effect. At present, the requirement of the diameter of an outer hole of a drilling hole for outburst coal seams in China is not more than 120mm, the inside of the drilling hole can be reamed, a structure with a small outside and a large inside is beneficial to forming a coal wall, and if an outburst event occurs in the drilling hole due to high gas pressure, the coal wall plays a role in protection.
There are many technical means related to reaming, for example, the invention patent "automatic reducing reaming drilling tool" with publication number CN 101315021 a describes a drilling tool combining a fixed drilling bit and a movable drilling bit, wherein the movable drilling bit comprises a drilling rod sleeved inside and outside and a tool rest capable of expanding radially. As is well known, the centrifugal force formula F = m × ω2Xr, distance of objectThe magnitude of the centrifugal force is related to the mass m, the angular velocity omega and the rotation radius r of an object, and the drilling tool is hardly unfolded in an original drilling hole, so the rotation radius r is close to zero, the mass m of the movable drill bit is a fixed value, the formed centrifugal force is small no matter how the angular velocity omega is improved, and the movable drill bit in the drilling hole is difficult to unfold by the centrifugal force of the movable drill bit. On the other hand, because the internal pressure of the coal seam is relatively high, the hardness of the coal seam is relatively high under the action of long-term high pressure, even if the movable drill bit is expanded by a small angle, the limited centrifugal force hardly provides enough drilling pressure, the reaming effect can be gradually achieved only by keeping the original place rotating at a high speed for a long time, the drill rod cannot be rapidly pushed, otherwise the movable drill bit can be automatically contracted, and therefore the scheme does not have the effect of rapidly breaking coal holes, and the efficiency is very low.
In the process of drilling the coal seam by using the drilling tool, high-pressure water needs to be injected into the drill rod to press and ream the inside of the coal seam. Although the utility model patent "variable diameter drill" of publication No. CN 202596582U has a positioning structure for the movable drill, the structure described in this patent document is complicated, and a water passage cannot be realized inside the drill, so that it is difficult to achieve an ideal reaming effect. Moreover, the positioning structure adopts the umbrella-like positioning principle, but the locking piece can not completely lock the movable drill bit, otherwise, an unlocking action needs to be performed deep into the drill body. The solution does not allow to achieve a stable positioning of the mobile drill.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an orbit-changing drilling method and device, aiming at the problem that the gas drainage is not thorough due to the fact that the drilling mode is single in the existing coal mine gas drainage field, and a branch drilling hole is formed by changing the track of a drilling tool, so that the gas drainage effect is improved.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: an apodized drilling method comprising the steps of: firstly, drilling a hole in a coal seam by using a drilling tool, and then taking out the drilling tool to form a main drilling hole with the diameter of D0 and the depth of L0; secondly, inserting an orbital transfer drill pipe with the diameter of D1 into the main drilling hole, wherein D1 is more than D0, and an inclined guide mechanism is arranged in front of the orbital transfer drill pipe; thirdly, drilling in the trackA bendable anchor cable drill with a drill rod is sleeved in the pipe, a drill bit capable of swinging is arranged at least at the foremost end of the bendable anchor cable drill, and the drilling track can be changed along the inclined guide mechanism; fourthly, according to the depth L of the track-changing drill pipe deeply entering the main drill hole1、L2、……、Ln-1、L nN is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, L1＜L2＜……＜Ln-1< L0; respectively starting the anchor cable drill to work, and obliquely drilling the side wall of the main drilling hole according to different depths; when any branch drilling operation is carried out, after the inclined drilling is carried out to form a branch drilling hole, the anchor cable drill is pulled outwards to enable the drill bit of the anchor cable drill to be hidden in the track-changing drill pipe, then the next branch drilling operation is carried out, and finally the multilayer branch drilling hole is formed. The number of each layer of branch drilling holes is 3-4, and the interlayer spacing between adjacent branch drilling holes is 0.5-2 m.
The variable-track drilling device comprises a drilling tool, wherein the drilling tool comprises a variable-track drill pipe and an anchor cable drill, an inclined guide mechanism is arranged in front of the variable-track drill pipe, the anchor cable drill is sleeved in the variable-track drill pipe, a drill rod of the anchor cable drill is at least provided with a drill bit capable of swinging at the foremost end, and the drill bit capable of swinging can change the drilling track along the inclined guide mechanism.
The inclined guide mechanism is characterized in that an inclined side opening is formed in one side of the foremost end of the orbital transfer drill pipe, and an included angle alpha is formed between the central line of the inclined side opening and the axial lead of the orbital transfer drill pipe. The included angle alpha is 25-60 degrees.
The inclined guide mechanism is characterized in that a guide frame is fixed at the foremost end of the orbital transfer drill pipe, the guide frame comprises an inclined guide plate, and an included angle beta is formed between the inclined guide plate and the axial lead of the orbital transfer drill pipe. The inclination angle of the inclined guide plate can be adjusted. The included angle beta is 25-60 degrees.
The drill rod of the anchor cable drill is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of short drill rods through universal joints. The drill bit is fixedly connected with a short drill rod at the most front end. Alternatively, the drill rod of the anchor cable drill is composed of a rigid hose.
The drill rod of the anchor cable drill is composed of a rigid hose. A spring is connected between the inclined guide plate and the tail end of the orbital transfer drill pipe; the spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the guide rod and the orbital transfer drill pipe can slide in a telescopic mode.
Has the advantages that: according to the invention, on the basis of the main drilling hole, re-drilling is carried out through a reasonable track changing device, and finally, a drilling hole area taking the main drilling hole as the center and the side drilling hole as the radius is formed, so that coal can be loosened, gas can be guided, the gas extraction amount in the drilling hole is increased, and the gas extraction effect in a coal seam is improved.
The guide drilling work is realized by arranging the guide mechanism at the front end of the orbital transfer drill pipe and utilizing the cooperation of the anchor rod drill capable of steering, the orbital transfer drill pipe and the guide mechanism. The orbital transfer drill pipe can guide the anchor rod drill to stay and guide at different depths in the main drill hole to form a plurality of multi-layer divergent branch drill holes, and each branch drill hole is converged in the main drill hole to form a large-range drill hole area. The invention can obviously improve the gas extraction effect and is very suitable for popularization and implementation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first orbital transfer drilling apparatus
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second type of orbital drilling device
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the formation of a borehole after operation
In the figure, the reference numeral 1 is an orbital transfer drill pipe, 2 is a drill pipe end, 3 is an inclined side port, 4 is an inclined guide plate, 5 is a guide rod, 6 is a pressure spring, 7 is an anchor cable drill, 8 is a drill bit, 9 is a universal joint, 10 is a main drill hole, and 11 is a branch drill hole.
Detailed Description
Example 1: an apodized drilling method comprising the steps of: firstly, drilling a 100m deep hole with the diameter of 113mm into a coal seam by using a drilling tool, and taking out the drilling tool to form a main drilling hole 10. Secondly, inserting an orbital transfer drill pipe 1 with the diameter of 89mm into the main drilling hole 10, wherein an inclined side port 3 is arranged in front of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1, and an included angle alpha is formed between the central line of the inclined side port 3 and the axial lead of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1 and is 45 degrees. Thirdly, a bendable anchor cable drill 7 is sleeved in the track-changing drill pipe 1, and a drill bit capable of swinging is arranged at the foremost end of the anchor cable drill 7 and can change a drilling track along the inclined guide mechanism; and fourthly, respectively starting the anchor rope drill 7 to work according to different depths of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1 penetrating into the main drilling hole 10, and obliquely drilling the side wall of the main drilling hole 10 to form a branch drilling hole 11. The length of the side drilling holes is 0.5m, the side drilling holes are distributed around the main drilling hole 10, three side drilling holes are symmetrically arranged in the same plane, and the distance between the planes is 0.5 m. Finally, a drilling hole area with the main drilling hole 10 as the center and the side drilling holes as the radius is formed, so that coal can be loosened, gas can be guided, and the gas extraction amount in the drilling hole can be increased, thereby improving the gas extraction effect in the coal seam.
During operation of any one of the branch drill holes 11, after the branch drill hole 11 is formed by inclined drilling, the anchor cable drill 7 is pulled out to hide the drill bit of the anchor cable drill 7 in the orbital transfer drill pipe 1, and then the next branch drill hole 11 is performed, and finally the multilayer branch drill hole 11 is formed.
Example 2: an orbital transfer drilling device, which is shown in figures 1 and 2, comprises an orbital transfer drill pipe 1 and an anchor cable drill 7, wherein an inclined guide mechanism is arranged in front of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1, and the anchor cable drill 7 is sleeved in the orbital transfer drill pipe 1. The drill rod of the anchor cable drill 7 is formed by connecting a plurality of short drill rods through universal joints, the drill rod of the anchor cable drill 7 is provided with a drill bit capable of swinging, and the drill bit capable of swinging can change the drilling track along the inclined guide mechanism.
The inclined guide mechanism is characterized in that an inclined side port 3 is arranged on one side of the foremost end of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1, and an included angle alpha is formed between the central line of the inclined side port 3 and the axial lead of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1. The included angle alpha is 25-60 degrees.
Example 3: on the basis of the embodiment 2, the drill rod of the anchor cable drill 7 is composed of a rigid hose.
Example 4: the tilt guide mechanism is changed. The inclined guide mechanism is characterized in that a guide frame is fixed at the foremost end of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1, the guide frame comprises an inclined guide plate 4, and an included angle beta is formed between the inclined guide plate 4 and the axial lead of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1.
Example 5: on the basis of embodiment 2, a change is made in the tilt guide mechanism. The inclined guide mechanism is characterized in that a guide frame is fixed at the foremost end of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1, the guide frame comprises an inclined guide plate 4, and an included angle beta is formed between the inclined guide plate 4 and the axial lead of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1.
The inclination angle of the inclined guide plate 4 can be adjusted. The drill rod of the anchor cable drill 7 is provided with a swingable drill bit at the foremost end, and the swingable drill bit can change the drilling trajectory along the inclined guide mechanism.
Referring to fig. 3, a pressure spring 6 is connected between the inclined guide plate 4 and the tail end of the orbital transfer drill pipe 1; pressure spring 6 suit is on guide bar 5, and guide bar 5 can stretch out and draw back with become rail drill pipe 1 and slide.
Claims (4)
1. An orbital transfer drilling device comprises a drilling tool and is characterized in that the drilling tool comprises an orbital transfer drilling pipe and an anchor cable drill, an inclined guide mechanism is arranged in front of the orbital transfer drilling pipe, the anchor cable drill is sleeved in the orbital transfer drilling pipe, a drill bit capable of swinging is arranged at least at the foremost end of a drill rod of the anchor cable drill, a plurality of sections of short drill rods of the anchor cable drill are connected together through universal joints, and the drill bit is fixedly connected with one short drill rod at the foremost end; the drill bit capable of swinging can change the drilling track along the inclined guide mechanism; the inclined guide mechanism is characterized in that a guide frame is fixed at the foremost end of the orbital transfer drill pipe, the guide frame comprises an inclined guide plate, and an included angle beta is formed between the inclined guide plate and the axial lead of the orbital transfer drill pipe; a spring is connected between the inclined guide plate and the tail end of the orbital transfer drill pipe; the spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the guide rod and the orbital transfer drill pipe can slide in a telescopic mode.
2. The apodized drilling device of claim 1, wherein the inclination of the inclined guide plate is adjustable.
3. The apodized drilling device of claim 1, wherein the included angle β is in the range of 25 ° to 60 °.
4. The apodized drilling device of claim 1, wherein the drill rod of the cable drill is comprised of a rigid hose.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611268942.3A CN106639877B (en) | 2016-12-31 | 2016-12-31 | Variable-track drilling method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611268942.3A CN106639877B (en) | 2016-12-31 | 2016-12-31 | Variable-track drilling method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106639877A CN106639877A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106639877B true CN106639877B (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201611268942.3A Expired - Fee Related CN106639877B (en) | 2016-12-31 | 2016-12-31 | Variable-track drilling method and device |
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| CN (1) | CN106639877B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107270586A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-20 | 依科瑞德（北京）能源科技有限公司 | Ground buried pipe of ground source heat pump pipe laying structure |
| CN108555891B (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2021-12-31 | 玉环市梓鑫机械有限公司 | Underground excavation robot |
| CN110700867A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-17 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Roof support method |
| CN111677450B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-03-15 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Device and method for drilling branch hole of underground directional drilling of coal mine |
| CN112176995A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-05 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | Arc-shaped anchor rod construction method |
| CN113062692B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-08-02 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Short-distance multi-branch sidetrack drilling tool and drilling method for coal mine underground directional hole |
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| CN106639877A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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Granted publication date: 20191220 Termination date: 20201231 |