CN106636708A - Method for preparing nano intermetallic compound particles and application of particles - Google Patents
Method for preparing nano intermetallic compound particles and application of particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN106636708A CN106636708A CN201610837260.3A CN201610837260A CN106636708A CN 106636708 A CN106636708 A CN 106636708A CN 201610837260 A CN201610837260 A CN 201610837260A CN 106636708 A CN106636708 A CN 106636708A
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- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000632 Alusil Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002352 blister Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003701 mechanical milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011817 metal compound particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/047—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy comprising intermetallic compounds
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
- B22F1/142—Thermal or thermo-mechanical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing nano intermetallic compound particles and a method for applying prepared gold nanoparticles to a reinforced aluminum-based composite, provides a method for preparing a nano intermetallic compound particle reinforced aluminum-based composite, and focuses on the way of preparation of the nanoscale intermetallic compound particles. According to the basic scheme, ball-milled powder is subjected to heat treatment to form a brittle Al3M intermetallic compound, then ball milling is performed continuously, and the size is further reduced to the nanoscale; then a dispersing agent is added for dispersion and addition to melt for preparation of an aluminum-based composite; the size of the obtained reinforced intermetallic compound particles is more uniform and is smaller than or equal to 100 nm; and the reinforced particles in a matrix are dispersed more uniformly, so that the reinforced particles enter the melt more easily, and the advantage is huge in the aspect of preparation of an intermetallic compound particle reinforced metal-based composite with the high volume fraction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical combination between a kind of method for preparing nanocrystalline intermetallics granule, and the nano metal for preparing
The method that composition granule is applied to reinforced aluminum matrix composites, belongs to aluminum matrix composite and prepares and Metal Melting process technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
At present, the preparation technology and method of particles reiforced metal-base composition is mainly powder metallurgic method, extrusion casint
Method, spray deposition, molten liquid forming, in-situ reaction and stirring casting method.Powder metallurgic method be enhancing granule with it is fine
Pure metal dust is carried out after mechanical mixture, is suppressed in a mold, and then heating is sintered, and makes enhancing phase and Metal Substrate
Body assembles integral, the method for making enhancing granule/metallic composite.Stirring casting method is made by mechanical agitation enhancing
Grain is added in metal bath, and is allowed to the finely dispersed method in metallic matrix.Stirring casting method equipment is simple, production effect
Rate is high, but due between reinforcement and aluminum melt wettability it is poor, stir the moistening that can not improve between reinforcement and aluminum melt
Property, therefore bleb is more, distribution of particles is uneven, easily forms segregation.In-situ authigenic reaction particles are in situ in intrinsic silicon
Synthesis, basal body interface is combined and clean interfaces；The In-sltu reinforcement granule of variety classes, varying number can be obtained, strengthens granule
Fabricated in situ combine simple process, low cost with casting, but the method has prepared composite quality point
Number is not high.
Find by prior art documents, Chinese Patent Application No.：200910239051.9, publication date is
2011.06.29, the patent of the preparation method of entitled aluminum matrix composite is adopted and for nano-ceramic particle to be added to half admittedly
The mixed slurry that liquid obtains liquid is warmed up to after stirring in state aluminium based metal melt, then aluminum is obtained using cast after supersound process
Based composites.A kind of rich Al intermetallic reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation method of patent
（CN201310730267.1）, the composite metal powder after ball milling is directly added into or is converted into after intermetallic compound particle directly
In connecing addition aluminium alloy melt, can obtain that interface is good, the aluminum matrix composite of good mechanical performance.Due to metal dust Jing
Surface is inevitably present oxide-film after ball milling, affects the wettability between composite powder and melt, patent：Between a kind of metal
Compound particle Al3The preparation method of-M reinforced aluminum matrix composites（ZL201310730115.1）Propose a kind of using ball milling work
Skill prepares the rich Al intermetallic Al of submicron order3M particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material preparation methoies, the method is adopted divides
The leading method for improving magnesium density addition intermetallic compound particle in aluminum melt of step is extraordinary to solve intermetallic compound
Strengthen granule and the nonwettable problem of molten metal, the engine housing composite prepared under conventional smelting temperature has good
Good interface and mechanical property.Because the powder of aluminium powder and metal M is all essential plasticity, first can crack in mechanical milling process,
Then can crush, as the prolongation of Ball-milling Time will continue cold welding, powder thickness is thinning, powder morphology is changed into flake, put down
Face area becomes big, it will usually adds stearic acid, is beneficial to reduction cold welding, prevents powder and powder, the adhesion of powder and ball, but will not prevent
The sheet trend of powder.Therefore, plastic metal powder is difficult the granule for obtaining granule even size by ball milling.And it is multiple
Add after two kinds of metal dusts only ball milling after conjunction among melt, reaction is generated really under the high temperature action of solution strengthens
Granule, i.e., nano level powder can continue during the course of the reaction to grow up, the enhancing granule of the aluminum matrix composite for finally giving
No longer it is just nanoscale, but submicron-scale or micro-meter scale, composite powder ball milling is not just had into nanoscale yet
Practical significance.
The content of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, technical problem to be solved to be to provide one kind and prepare change between nano metal
The preparation method of polymer beads reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is important that how to prepare the intermetallic compound particle of nanoscale.
The basic scheme of solve problem is：It is allowed to generate the Al of fragility by carrying out the powder after ball milling heat treatment3M
Intermetallic compound, then proceeding to ball milling makes its size be further reduced to nanoscale；Add dispersant addition again molten
Aluminum matrix composite is prepared in body.
Specifically, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of method for preparing nanocrystalline intermetallics granule, bag
Include following steps：
（1）By aluminium powder and metal M powder in molar ratio 3：1 is configured to composite powder, under vacuum ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill 300-
500r/min, Ball-milling Time 10-20h, ratio of grinding media to material 10-20:1；
（2）The good composite powder of ball milling heat treatment 0.5-2h at 400-550 DEG C in a vacuum furnace, makes composite powder reaction generate fragility
Intermetallic compound Al3M, rear furnace cooling；
（3）By Jing steps（2）Intermetallic compound after heat treatment further ball milling under argon protective condition is reached to be received
Metrical scale, rotational speed of ball-mill 300-500r/min, Ball-milling Time 10-20h, ratio of grinding media to material 10-20:1, obtain nanocrystalline intermetallics
Granule.
Heretofore described metal M, M are the one kind in titanium, zirconium, ferrum, scandium or erbium.
Before already explained above aluminium powder and metal M powder belong to plastic metal powder, it is desirable to obtain the granule of nanoscale, no
Only ball milling difficulty is big（Need high ratio of grinding media to material and longer Ball-milling Time, and the auxiliary agent such as stearic acid）Even if, and received
The granule of metrical scale, it is also difficult to ensure the uniformity of yardstick.Therefore, typically to obtain nanometer aluminium powder is will not to adopt simple machine
Tool ball milling, it is typically with the methods such as evaporative condenser, mechanochemistry, laser ablation.
According to nanocrystalline intermetallics granule prepared by the method for the present invention, the enhancing of aluminum matrix composite is can serve as
The matrix of body, wherein aluminum and composite can make aluminum, or aluminium alloy.
The method for specifically preparing aluminum matrix composite, can be according to following steps：
（1）By nanocrystalline intermetallics granule and matrix material in mass ratio 1:1-4 dispensings, are mixed using ball milling method
Close, make nanocrystalline intermetallics granule dispersed in matrix material, obtain composite powder；Described matrix material is aluminium powder
Or Al alloy powder.
The purpose of ball milling is that nanocrystalline intermetallics granule is pre-dispersed in matrix material in this step, is added
In matrix melt, could be scattered more uniform；The condition of ball milling can voluntarily determine according to experiment, or according to following bar
Part：50 ~ 100r/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, Ball-milling Time 5-10h, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1~10:1.
Wherein step（1）The material of the Al alloy powder for being used should be identical with the material of the matrix solution of next step.
（2）By step（1）The composite powder for obtaining adds the matrix for being superheated to 800-850 DEG C in the form of powdery or bulk
It is stirring while adding in melt, 10-30min is stirred altogether；
（3）Temperature is adjusted after final refined, standing to pouring temperature 690-710 DEG C, casting obtains intermetallic compound Al3-M
The enhanced aluminum matrix composite of granule.
In the present invention, the aluminium alloy that matrix is selected can be alusil alloy, aluminium copper, almag, alumin(i)um zinc alloy and
Al rare earth alloy, wherein the matrix material of dispersion nanocrystalline intermetallics granule is and the same material of the matrices of composite material to be prepared
The alloy powder of matter.
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material prepared according to the methods of the invention, the intermetallic compound Al3- M granules
Size≤100nm, can effectively hinder dislocation motion, play invigoration effect.
Heretofore described matrices of composite material alloy powder is referred to when the base of aluminum matrix composite to be prepared
When body is aluminium alloy, with the same material of the matrix phase of aluminum matrix composite to be prepared.
Compared with prior art the invention has the advantages that.
The reinforcement intermetallic compound particle size of acquisition is more uniform, and size≤100nm；Strengthen granule in matrix
Dispersion is more uniform, makes enhancing granule be easier to enter melt, strengthens in the intermetallic compound particle for preparing high-volume fractional
Metal-base composites aspect, with very big advantage.The intermetallic compound particle of the nanoscale of preparation is directly added into
In melt, it is to avoid composite powder directly adds the problem of the particle growth that reaction is caused, it is ensured that the grain of the reinforcement of composite
Degree asks Nano grade.
The proportioning of intermetallic compound and matrix, metalwork compound can more neatly be changed using the method for the present invention
Content can change in the range of at least 0.5-5wt%, be obtained higher volume fraction Al3- M intermetallic compounds-metal
Based composites, and improve Al3Degree of scatter of-M the intermetallic compounds in metallic matrix.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for preparing nanocrystalline intermetallics granule, comprises the following steps：
（1）By aluminium powder and metal M powder in molar ratio 3：1 is configured to composite powder, under vacuum ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill 500r/
Min, Ball-milling Time 20h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1；
（2）The good composite powder of ball milling heat treatment 1.5h at 400 DEG C in a vacuum furnace, makes composite powder reaction generate between brittle metal
Compound Al3M, rear furnace cooling；
（3）By Jing steps（2）Intermetallic compound after heat treatment further ball milling under argon protective condition is reached to be received
Metrical scale, rotational speed of ball-mill 350r/min, Ball-milling Time 15h, ratio of grinding media to material 16:1, obtain nanocrystalline intermetallics granule.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for preparing nanocrystalline intermetallics granule, comprises the following steps：
（1）By aluminium powder and metal M powder in molar ratio 3：1 is configured to composite powder, under vacuum ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill 300r/
Min, Ball-milling Time 14h, ratio of grinding media to material 15:1；
（2）The good composite powder of ball milling heat treatment 2h at 450 DEG C in a vacuum furnace, makes composite powder reaction generate between brittle metal and changes
Compound Al3M, rear furnace cooling；
（3）By Jing steps（2）Intermetallic compound after heat treatment further ball milling under argon protective condition is reached to be received
Metrical scale, rotational speed of ball-mill 500r/min, Ball-milling Time 18h, ratio of grinding media to material 15:1, obtain nanocrystalline intermetallics granule.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for preparing nanocrystalline intermetallics granule, comprises the following steps：
（1）By aluminium powder and metal M powder in molar ratio 3：1 is configured to composite powder, under vacuum ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill 450r/
Min, Ball-milling Time 10h, ratio of grinding media to material 20:1；
（2）The good composite powder of ball milling heat treatment 1h at 500 DEG C in a vacuum furnace, makes composite powder reaction generate between brittle metal and changes
Compound Al3M, rear furnace cooling；
（3）By Jing steps（2）Intermetallic compound after heat treatment further ball milling under argon protective condition is reached to be received
Metrical scale, rotational speed of ball-mill 300r/min, Ball-milling Time 20h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, obtain nanocrystalline intermetallics granule.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method for preparing nanocrystalline intermetallics granule, comprises the following steps：
（1）By aluminium powder and metal M powder in molar ratio 3：1 is configured to composite powder, under vacuum ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill 380r/
Min, Ball-milling Time 15h, ratio of grinding media to material 10-20:1；
（2）The good composite powder of ball milling heat treatment 0.5h at 550 DEG C in a vacuum furnace, makes composite powder reaction generate between brittle metal
Compound Al3M, rear furnace cooling；
（3）By Jing steps（2）Intermetallic compound after heat treatment further ball milling under argon protective condition is reached to be received
Metrical scale, rotational speed of ball-mill 400r/min, Ball-milling Time 10h, ratio of grinding media to material 20:1, obtain nanocrystalline intermetallics granule.
Embodiment 5
The method for preparing aluminum matrix composite, can be according to following steps：
（1）Nanocrystalline intermetallics granule prepared by embodiment 1 and aluminium powder in mass ratio 1:1 dispensing, using ball milling method
Mixed, make nanocrystalline intermetallics granule dispersed in matrix material, obtained composite powder；
（2）By step（1）The composite powder for obtaining is added in the form of powdery or bulk and is superheated in 800 DEG C of matrix melt,
It is stirring while adding, 20min is stirred altogether；
（3）Temperature is adjusted after final refined, standing to pouring temperature 690-710 DEG C, casting obtains intermetallic compound Al3-M
The enhanced aluminum matrix composite of granule.
Embodiment 6
The method for preparing aluminum matrix composite, can be according to following steps：
（1）Nanocrystalline intermetallics granule prepared by embodiment 2 and alusil alloy powder in mass ratio 1:2 dispensings, adopt
Ball milling method is mixed, and makes nanocrystalline intermetallics granule dispersed in matrix material, obtains composite powder；
50 ~ 100r/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, Ball-milling Time 5-10h, ratio of grinding media to material 8:1；
（2）By step（1）The composite powder for obtaining is added in the form of powdery or bulk and is superheated in 850 DEG C of matrix melt,
It is stirring while adding, 25min is stirred altogether；
（3）Temperature is adjusted after final refined, standing to pouring temperature 690-710 DEG C, casting obtains intermetallic compound Al3-M
The enhanced aluminum matrix composite of granule.
Embodiment 7
The method for preparing aluminum matrix composite, can be according to following steps：
（1）Nanocrystalline intermetallics granule prepared by embodiment 3 and aluminium copper powder in mass ratio 1:3 dispensings, adopt
Ball milling method is mixed, and makes nanocrystalline intermetallics granule dispersed in matrix material, obtains composite powder；
50 ~ 100r/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, Ball-milling Time 5-10h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1；
（2）By step（1）The composite powder for obtaining is added in the form of powdery or bulk and is superheated in 833 DEG C of matrix melt,
It is stirring while adding, 30min is stirred altogether；
（3）Temperature is adjusted after final refined, standing to pouring temperature 690-710 DEG C, casting obtains intermetallic compound Al3-M
The enhanced aluminum matrix composite of granule.
Embodiment 8
The method for preparing aluminum matrix composite, can be according to following steps：
（1）Nanocrystalline intermetallics granule prepared by embodiment 4 and al-mg alloy powder in mass ratio 1:4 dispensings, adopt
Ball milling method is mixed, and makes nanocrystalline intermetallics granule dispersed in matrix material, obtains composite powder；
50 ~ 100r/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, Ball-milling Time 5-10h, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1；
（2）By step（1）The composite powder for obtaining is added in the form of powdery or bulk and is superheated in 840 DEG C of matrix melt,
It is stirring while adding, 10min is stirred altogether；
（3）Temperature is adjusted after final refined, standing to pouring temperature 690-710 DEG C, casting obtains intermetallic compound Al3-M
The enhanced aluminum matrix composite of granule.
The present invention can be summarized with others without prejudice to the concrete form of the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.Therefore, nothing
By from the point of view of which point, the embodiment above of the present invention can only all be considered the description of the invention and can not limit invention,
Claims indicate the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not pointed out in above-mentioned explanation, therefore, with the present invention
The suitable implication and scope of claims in any change, be all considered as being included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for preparing nanocrystalline intermetallics granule, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）By aluminium powder and metal M powder in molar ratio 3：1 is configured to composite powder, under vacuum ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill 300-
500r/min, Ball-milling Time 10-20h, ratio of grinding media to material 10-20:1；The M is the one kind in titanium, zirconium, ferrum, scandium or erbium；
（2）The good composite powder of ball milling heat treatment 0.5-2h at 400-550 DEG C in a vacuum furnace, makes composite powder reaction generate fragility
Intermetallic compound Al3- M, rear furnace cooling；
（3）By Jing steps（2）Intermetallic compound after heat treatment further ball milling under argon protective condition is reached to be received
Metrical scale, rotational speed of ball-mill 300-500r/min, Ball-milling Time 10-20h, ratio of grinding media to material 10-20:1, obtain nanocrystalline intermetallics
Granule.
2. the nanocrystalline intermetallics granule that prepared by method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The nanometer gold
Application of the compound particle in aluminum matrix composite is prepared between category, the matrix of the aluminum matrix composite is aluminum or aluminum alloy,
Reinforcement is nanocrystalline intermetallics granule.
3. nanocrystalline intermetallics granule according to claim 2, it is characterised in that prepare aluminium base by following steps
Composite：
（1）By nanocrystalline intermetallics granule and matrix material in mass ratio 1:1-4 dispensings, are mixed using ball milling method
Close, make nanocrystalline intermetallics granule dispersed in matrix material, obtain composite powder；Described matrix material is aluminium powder
Or Al alloy powder；
（2）By step（1）The composite powder for obtaining adds the matrix melt for being superheated to 800-850 DEG C in the form of powdery or bulk
In, it is stirring while adding, 10-30min is stirred altogether；
（3）Temperature is adjusted after final refined, standing to pouring temperature 690-710 DEG C, casting obtains intermetallic compound Al3-M
The enhanced aluminum matrix composite of granule.
4. nanocrystalline intermetallics granule according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Ball milling condition be：
50 ~ 100r/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, Ball-milling Time 5-10h, ratio of grinding media to material 5:1~10:1.
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